Italian Journal of Forest and Mountain Environments最新文献

{"title":"Sustaining veteran trees as cultural and natural heritage.","authors":"Dalila Russo, P. Corona, P. Merlini, M. Agrimi","doi":"10.4129/IFM.2015.6.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4129/IFM.2015.6.01","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes conceptual hints about the role and the meaning of monumental trees under a contemporary crisis of values. The permanency of monumental trees in time and space can be guaranteed through a strategy of actions finalized to recognize monumental trees as nat-ural and historical heritage, and elements of landscape richness. Moreover, the value of legisla-tion is stressed but the need of community participation processes as well as the landscape plan-ning and management of its relevant natural, historical and social elements are also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":173092,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Forest and Mountain Environments","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134179368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short Rotation Forestry plantation. An overview of cultural practices and an economic assessment in Central Italy","authors":"L. Ciccarese, M. Soraci","doi":"10.4129/ifm.2014.6.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4129/ifm.2014.6.02","url":null,"abstract":"The article firstly presents an overview of main cultural practices of a 15year-rotation forestry plantation ofblack locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) in central Italy; secondly, it provides an economic assessment of such plantation. In doing this, we apply a sensitivity analysis of a range of input values by using the Spread shee Costing Model (SCM). The objective of the evaluation is to assist bioenergy managers and researchers on key aspects that could improve profitability.The report concludes that SRF constitutes still a marginal reality in the national agriculture system. This is unsurprising considering the lack of initiatives for widespread use of biomass on a large scale. If this gap is filled, SRF would then be able to promise certain remuneration to the producers.","PeriodicalId":173092,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Forest and Mountain Environments","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131857621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STAND STRUCTURE OF A CALABRIAN PINE OLD-GROWTH FOREST: INDICATIONS FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT AND LANDSCAPE CONSERVATION","authors":"O. Ciancio, F. Iovino, G. Menguzzato, A. Nicolaci, A. Veltri","doi":"10.4129/IFM.2010.5.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4129/IFM.2010.5.05","url":null,"abstract":"Calabrian pine forests are the peculiar feature of the landscape of many Italian mountain areas: Etna, Aspromonte and, especially, Sila. Sila landscape conservation is important not only for cultural and historical heritage value, but also for environmental and socioeconomic aspects. This is particularly relevant as most Calabrian pine forests are now included in the Sila National Park. The authors analyze the structure of an old growth pine forest. The main structural characters are compared with those of small group selection pine forests. Results show that small group selection felling, a tradidional silvicultural system peculiar to this area for Calabrian pine, is the best silvicultural approach for the conservation of Calabrian pine forests.","PeriodicalId":173092,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Forest and Mountain Environments","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130583940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional management of mountain reforestations: thoughts and perspectives from a case study in Central Italy","authors":"L. Portoghesi, Marco Consalvo, A. Angelini, B. Ferrari, A. Barbati, Cristiano Castaldi, P. Corona","doi":"10.4129/IFM.2013.6.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4129/IFM.2013.6.03","url":null,"abstract":"The conifer reforestations established during the last century in many mountainous areas of Central and Southern Italy allowed the restoration of thousands of hectares of degraded bare lands. During the last sixty years many social and environmental functions were added to such forests and now they require a multifunctional management approach. A 100-years old reforestation with black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) located in a mountain tourist area and within a Natura 2000 site in Central Italy was taken into consideration as a case study. The stands, although even-aged and dense, have a diversified structure as a consequence of localized wind throws and the growth of an underlayer of hardwoods. The traditional,timber production-oriented management based on strip clear cutting has shown to be inapplicable in such a context. Systemic silviculture grasps this challenge as it assumes as fundamental management goal the search for the functional efficiency of the forest ecosystem. In such a perspective silvicultural practices are guided by an adaptive approach, based on trial and error, rather than on so-called normalisation schemes. Starting from the concept that forest is a complex, self-regulating, dynamically changing system,a management trajectory is proposed to foster the gradual succession of the pine stands towards different types of pure and mixed hardwood forest according to site conditions. The basic silvicultural criterion is to reduce gradually the pine cover by thinning and opening of small gaps in order to increase tree age and size diversity. The public incentives necessary to implement this sort of management are justified by the goal of increasing the functionality and resilience of the forest system: both elements can reduce the risk of damages for the forests. This paper aims to provide general considerations on such issues in the form of a commentary discussion with reference to the considered case study.","PeriodicalId":173092,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Forest and Mountain Environments","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122226441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The existing regulatory framework on monumental trees","authors":"F. Roggero","doi":"10.4129/ifm.2015.6.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4129/ifm.2015.6.03","url":null,"abstract":"The discipline of monumental trees has been defined at national level, with prior art. 7 of the Law of 14 January 2013, n. 10, then by D.M. October 23, 2014. It has been so disposed a new census of monumental trees, dictating the rules for the recognition of monumentality criteria. The legislation also established a system of constraints that will weigh on the specimens included in the lists. The new rules, however, poses problems of overlapping and coordination with the framework for landscape protection. In any case, the future outlook for the consideration of monumental trees from the legal system should pass by the concern for the protection to the exploitation of specimens, such as emergences of historical and natural italian heritage.","PeriodicalId":173092,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Forest and Mountain Environments","volume":"448 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115614136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The social and cultural dimension in the sustainable management of the forest of the Phlegraean area and Cumae mount.","authors":"C. Cirillo, G. Acampora, Marina Russo, Luigi Scarpa, C. Ansanelli, Carmine Baselice, D. Giuliani","doi":"10.4129/IFM.2012.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4129/IFM.2012.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"La funzione ricreativa delle foreste e sancita dalla dichiarazione generale sottoscritta, insieme alle cinque risoluzioni, in occasione della quarta Conferenza sulla Protezione delle Foreste in Europa (Vienna, 2003). In accordo a tali disposizioni, la Regione Campania ha iniziato un’attivita finalizzata a rendere sempre piu accessibili al pubblico le foreste che sono sotto la propria giurisdizione. La dimensione sociale e culturale e un aspetto importante della gestione sostenibile delle foreste (Agnoletti M., 2008). Per questa ragione il Dipartimento Agricoltura della Regione Campania ha promosso la fruizione pubblica della foresta dell’area flegrea, proponendo nel corso degli anni numerose attivita educative e ricreative organizzate dal settore tecnico-amministrativo delle foreste di Napoli (STPF), per permettere ai visitatori di scoprire e apprezzare le bellezze e gli aspetti speciali di questa foresta (Regione Campania, 2009). Il sito, di grande valore culturale e naturale, e incluso nel Parco Regionale dei Campi Flegrei, e localizzato a pochi chilometri dalla citta di Napoli e forma un tutt’uno con il sito archeologico di Cuma. La foresta delimita le dune della costa di Cuma, un’area qualificata dall’Unione Europea come Sito di Importanza Comunitaria. Il restauro della stazione ferroviaria suburbana Circumflegrea, situata nel mezzo dei 100 ettari della foresta, fortemente voluto dallo STAPF di Napoli in accordo con SEPSA, ha rappresentato un elemento strategico per l’uso sostenibile per scopi ricreativi di questo sito di interesse naturalistico e archeologico. Lo STAPF di Napoli, con l’obiettivo di realizzare un modello di gestione ed educazione ambientale, ha avviato anche un’attivita di gemellaggio con il Parchi Naturali “Camargue” e “Alpilless” (Francia) finalizzato a condividere pratiche sostenibili di gestione delle aree protette. La realizzazione all’interno della stazione di Cuma di un centro polifunzionale, utilizzato come laboratorio didattico, ha creato le condizioni ottimali per lo sviluppo culturale e scientifico del sito.","PeriodicalId":173092,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Forest and Mountain Environments","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121713919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wild ungulates impact on forest regeneration in the Stelvio National Park (Italy).","authors":"G. Carmignola","doi":"10.4129/IFM.2009.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4129/IFM.2009.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"A seguito della sospensione del prelievo venatorio, avvenuta nel 1983, la consistenza della popolazione di cervo all’interno del Parco nazionale dello Stelvio e notevolmente aumentata. Tale fenomeno, ha causato gravi danni da brucamento e scortecciamento alla rinnovazione arborea del bosco. Il Consorzio del Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio ha avviato alla fine del 1997 un progetto triennale d’indagine allo scopo di uniformare e migliorare le attuali conoscenze sullo status delle popolazioni di cervo presenti nel Parco e delle loro interazioni con le altre componenti dell’ecosistema. Per quanto riguarda la valutazione dell’impatto che gli ungulati selvatici esercitano sul bosco, e stato eseguito un rilievo su aree campione dell’entita del brucamento alla rinnovazione, utilizzando aree di saggio di 50 m² di superficie. L’area di saggio e costituita da una striscia di controllo lunga 25 m e larga 2 m, delimitata con picchetti in modo da rendere possibile, in tempi successivi, la sua individuazione e quindi la ripetizione del rilievo. Il territorio coperto da boschi d’alto fusto del Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio e stato suddiviso in 989 aree rettangolari di 50 ha (superfici raster). In 847 di queste, pari all’86% del totale, le condizioni di rinnovazione hanno reso possibile l’esecuzione del rilievo. Sono stati complessivamente analizzati 55.535 alberelli. Per la valutazione del carico di morso sono stati presi in considerazione gli alberelli di altezza compresa tra 25 cm e 1 m. In molte zone le piantine di altezza inferiore a 25 cm sono infatti protette durante l’inverno dalla coltre nevosa e le indicazioni sul morso da esse subito hanno un valore relativo. Nel settore altoatesino il carico di morso risulta particolarmente elevato nella stazione di Lasa, dove tutte le specie di conifere in rinnovazione presentano una percentuale di brucamento sensibilmente piu alta rispetto alla media dell’intero Parco. Anche nella stazione di Rabbi sono state rilevate percentuali di morso elevate, soprattutto a carico dell’abete rosso. Nella stazione di Valfurva e invece il larice a presentare un’alta intensita di brucamento. Il morso a carico delle latifoglie e ovunque elevato.Un confronto tra le singole stazioni richiede una certa cautela, poiche la composizione delle specie arboree e la densita della rinnovazione si differenziano in misura anche notevole da una zona all’altra del Parco. La percentuale di morso rilevata da un’indicazione generale relativa all’intensita del brucamento ed e pertanto solo uno dei parametri che permettono di valutare la tollerabilita dell’impatto della fauna selvatica sull’ecosistema forestale. Per una valutazione completa del fenomeno occorre considerare, oltre all’intensita del brucamento, anche la sua durata e se e localizzato o interessa una superficie molto estesa. Inoltre e necessario mettere in relazione l’impatto sulla rinnovazione forestale con la consistenza e la dinamica delle popolazioni di selvatici, i loro trasferimenti st","PeriodicalId":173092,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Forest and Mountain Environments","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125716610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commons within areas designated for nature conservation: the map of commons of the Gran Sasso and Monti della Laga National Park","authors":"P. Corona, S. Paulis, D. D. Santo, F. Roggero, Francesca Bottalico, D. Giuliarelli, Chiara Lisa, A. Quatrini, Valerio Quatrini, A. Tomao, B. Ferrari","doi":"10.4129/IFM.2013.6.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4129/IFM.2013.6.02","url":null,"abstract":"Commons are land use rights, such as collecting fallen wood for firewood, grazing livestock, picking mushrooms etc., belonging to local community’s members. The Italian framework law on areas designated to nature conservation (National Law 394/1991) preserves “commons of local communities” as important tools for managing landscape also within National Parks. However, under strictly protected areas (like those areas labeled as A and B zones) the commons could cause conflict of interests and social disagreement with the Park authority. This paper reports some suggestions for solving this problem with reference to the Gran Sasso and Monti della Laga National Park as a case study, where common lands cover over 50% of the A zone territory. The controlled grant of the commons or land use rights change are the main relevant options. Their implementation can be aided by the Map of Commons, an innovative tool to support forest planning, based on material relating to the history of common lands. The map can be combined, under a GIS environment, with available thematic layers in order to edit the Park masterplan but also to support the landscape management.","PeriodicalId":173092,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Forest and Mountain Environments","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133897127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of GNSS satellite horizontal positioning in forest environment by handheld GPS receivers.","authors":"A. Bonavita, Lorenzo Pini, P. Pellegrini","doi":"10.4129/IFM.2009.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4129/IFM.2009.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"La presente indagine riguarda la determinazione dell’esattezza e della precisione conseguibili nel posizionamento assoluto con strumenti GPS di tipo stand-alone, nel rilevamento planimetrico in ambiente forestale. Le posizioni sono state acquisite alla frequenza di 1 fix/sec e successivamente mediate su intervalli di tempo contigui per durate diverse, simulando tempi di acquisizione piu lunghi e valutando l’effetto sui parametri in esame. Il poligono di prova e situato alle pendici di un rilievo montuoso appenninico ritenuto rappresentativo delle condizioni morfologiche e vegetazionali della fascia basale. Come riferimento, gli Autori hanno considerato un parametro indicato dalle case costruttrici (CEP) e le Guidelines for Digital Map Base Updates of Cartographic Specifications and Symbols (EM-7140-24). I risultati circa l’esattezza e la precisione del dato evidenziano una sensibile influenza esercitata dalla copertura arborea, anche in assenza delle foglie e presentano sensibili miglioramenti all’aumentare dei tempi di posizionamento fino a circa 5 minuti.","PeriodicalId":173092,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Forest and Mountain Environments","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132569045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of rural development in a lag of the Ligurian Apennines : participatory forest management","authors":"Paolo Derchi, Adriano Stagnaro","doi":"10.4129/IFM.2012.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4129/IFM.2012.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"The decennial experience in territorial and forest management in the Apennines areas provides indications for the land planning and reflect over opportunity to develop the short chain forest-territories. The integrated management of the activities has made possible an articulated collaboration between the different actors of the short chain: wood owners, farmers, inhabitants, timber companies, local administrators, the technicians. The activities of Consorzio Forestale (Forest Consortium) – which is a mixed business with private prevalence – are explicated: energy implementation (district heating plants), forest planning and management (SFM and CoC certification by PEFC scheme and Natura 2000), timber valorizations (new manufactured products and green procurement GPP) land maintenance, forest mechanization improvement and forest service companies. Activities tested in the Apennines with a good degree of transferability might provide a new approach to participatory management of forests and the countryside with respect for the multitude of the very small private forest owners and benefit for community.","PeriodicalId":173092,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Forest and Mountain Environments","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133191732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}