{"title":"Developing thermally stable beverage emulsions using mildly fractionated pea proteins","authors":"Neksha Diwakar Devaki, Supratim Ghosh","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12825","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12825","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oil-in-water emulsions are widely used as the base flavoring or clouding agents in various beverages. Pulse proteins can play a major role as a natural emulsifier in beverages. However, the presence of insoluble components greatly minimizes their potential application in beverage emulsions. In this work, pea protein concentrate was mildly fractionated by aqueous centrifugation to recover a soluble fraction with 71% protein yield, which was then used to develop 5% oil-in-water emulsions using a high-pressure homogenizer. Emulsion stability was tested by heat treatment (90°C, 30 min) in the presence of NaCl (0–1 M) at pH 7.0 and 2.0. Stability increased upon the addition of salt at pH 7, while at pH 2, proteins and droplets aggregated. Heat treatment led to extensive aggregation at both pH values, which was further worsened by salt. To prevent thermal destabilization, the proteins were heat-treated at 75°C for 30 min for partial denaturation before emulsification under hot conditions. The heat-treated protein-stabilized emulsions at pH 7 had superior thermal stability at all salt concentrations without aggregation. However, a similar improvement was not observed at pH 2. Pre-heating the soluble protein exposed the hydrophobic patches, leading to better adsorption on the droplet surface, which did not show additional aggregation upon further heating the emulsions at pH 7. Interestingly, heat-treated protein-stabilized emulsions showed a 44% drop in lipid digestibility compared to the original emulsions. The proposed approach could be a valuable addition to the utilization of pea proteins in beverage emulsions that could withstand heat treatment during food processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 10","pages":"981-996"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139949493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isam A. Mohamed Ahmed, Mehmet Musa Özcan, Nurhan Uslu, Havvanur Yılmaz, Belal M. Mohammed, Zainab Albakry
{"title":"Effect of microwave and oven roasting on chemical composition, bioactive properties, phenolic compounds and fatty acid compositions of sunflower seed and oils","authors":"Isam A. Mohamed Ahmed, Mehmet Musa Özcan, Nurhan Uslu, Havvanur Yılmaz, Belal M. Mohammed, Zainab Albakry","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12824","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12824","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, the effects of microwave (540, 720 and 900 W) and oven (120, 150 and 230°C) roasting techniques on the total phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant capacity, polyphenolic and fatty acid results of sunflower seed and oils were investigated. Total phenol (except oven 150°C), flavonoid (except oven 120°C) contents and antioxidant activity values of sunflower seeds and oils subjected to oven and microwave heat treatment decreased compared to the control. Total phenolic, total flavonoids and antioxidant activities were higher in MRS oil than ORS oil. Individual phenolic constituent in both seed and oil samples from ORS and MRS showed significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) changes to the control (non-roasted seed and its oil). A general increase in the phenolic components of seeds and oils was observed with oven and microwave roasting compared to the control. Oleic acid values (%) of the oil extracted from seeds roasted in oven and microwave systems were recorded to be between 23.76 (120°C) and 29.41% (150°C) to 24.32 (540 W) and 26.10% (720 W), respectively. Linoleic acid values of the oils obtained from seeds roasted in oven and microwave systems varied to be between 57.01 (150°C) and 65.89% (120°C) to 60.70 (720 W) and 65.26% (540 W), respectively. As a result of the applied heat treatment, while the linoleic acid values of the oil samples decreased, an increase was observed in the palmitic, stearic and oleic acid values of the oil.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 8","pages":"797-807"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139765642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating high oleic soybean oil oleogels as shortening replacements: Impact on cookie dough, cookie attributes, and oxidative stability","authors":"Muxin Zhao, Jiajia Rao, Bingcan Chen","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12823","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12823","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we explored the potential of oleogels to serve as a substitute for traditional shortening throughout the entire cookie production process. Specifically, oleogel was prepared using expeller-pressed high oleic soybean oil (EPHOSO) with 10 wt% of either rice bran wax (RBX) or monoacylglycerol (MAG) to replace shortening in cookie making. Rapid Visco Analyzer and Farinograph were used to thoroughly assess the impact of replacing shortening with oleogels on the qualities of cookie dough. The results demonstrated the efficacy of MAG oleogel in replicating the attributes of traditional shortening in cookie doughs, in terms of water absorption, dough consistency, and dough stability. The overall quality of cookies prepared with oleogels was comparable to the ones prepared with shortening. Additionally, the oxidative stability indicated the remarkable advantage of EPHOSO-based oleogels, which displayed an elevated resistance to oxidative processes compared to its liquid form. Furthermore, cookies prepared with MAG oleogel exhibited prolonged oxidative stability than those prepared with shortening. Overall, the results underscore the potential of EPHOSO oleogels, particularly those incorporated with MAG, could enhance the oxidative stability of cookies without diminishing the physicochemical qualities of the end product.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 8","pages":"753-765"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139765797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation and characterization of sodium caseinate/xanthan gum complexes in acidic conditions and their use for the stabilization of oil-in-water emulsions","authors":"Houria Bouziane, Soumia Seddari, Fatiha Boudjema, Nadji Moulai-Mostefa","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12822","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12822","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, complexes formed by sodium caseinate (NaCn) and xanthan gum (XG) were tested as novel natural stabilizers. They were prepared at pH 4, using a constant concentration of XG (0.4%) and different NaCn concentrations. Then, they were characterized in terms of turbidity, surface tension (ST), and rheology. The acquired results indicated that the ST of NaCn solution and NaCn/XG dispersion decreases with NaCn concentration. In addition, the ST of NaCn/XG is higher than that of NaCn solution indicating interactions between NaCn and XG. In addition, the turbidity of the dispersions increases while ST decreases with NaCn concentration. Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra confirmed the formation of a complex between NaCn and XG through electrostatic interactions. Structural analyses demonstrated that the morphologies of the complex particles are different compared to the pure biopolymer ones. Furthermore, the oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions based on NaCn/XG complexes formed into acid conditions were studied. The obtained results showed that the stability, the average diameter of the droplets, and the rheological behavior of the formulated emulsions depend on the NaCn:XG ratio. Emulsion formulated with 0.5:1, 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1 NaCn:XG ratio presented good creaming stability during 1 month of storage at 25°C. On the other hand, samples formulated with a 1:1 ratio of NaCn/XG exhibited the best stability. Their average diameter (29.026 μm) remained constant during the storage. Emulsions formulated with higher ration PR:PS (2.5:1, 3:1) were unstable and have larger droplets. Also, all formulations showed a shear-thinning and elastic behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 7","pages":"705-717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139765644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nutrient and bioactive compounds from Neltuma spp. seeds","authors":"M. Cecilia Cittadini, Romina Bodoira, Damián Barrionuevo, Diana Labuckas, Marcela Martínez, Damián Maestri","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12820","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12820","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the search for compounds with nutritional and functional value, seeds from several <i>Neltuma</i> species were examined for lipid, protein and phenolic components. Lipid contents ranged between 9.3 and 12.5 g/100 g (seed dry weight), and showed both oleic and linoleic acids predominating largely. Lipids were also a good source of tocopherols (170–603 mg total tocopherols/kg). Proteins accounted for 14.7–35.5 g/100 g seed. Essential amino acids (EAA) comprised 26.1%–40.2% of the total AA content. Based on the EAA score, proteins from all the species analyzed were deficient in leucine, isoleucine and valine, but could meet requirements for histidine, threonine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and lysine. The qualitative patterns of phenolic compounds were similar each other (predominance of flavonoids, particularly apigenin derivatives). Keeping in mind the examined chemical components, <i>Neltuma</i> seeds have potential value as a source of healthy macronutrients and bioactive compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 7","pages":"647-655"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139766137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph Cooney, Silvana Martini, Fernanda Peyronel, David Pink
{"title":"Oleogelation: Triacontane crystals and hydrocarbon chain twisting. Theory and Monte Carlo simulations","authors":"Joseph Cooney, Silvana Martini, Fernanda Peyronel, David Pink","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12821","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12821","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The molecular structure of a crystalline monolayer of hydrocarbon chains was modeled and studied via computer simulation using the Metropolis Monte Carlo algorithm at a temperature <i>T</i> = 300 <i>K</i>. The only interactions in this system occur through Lennard-Jones dispersion forces and short-range atom-atom repulsion. The intent was to establish whether the chains were either rigidly extended or twisted via the thermal formation of gauche bonds and apply the results to understand observations made on two possible oleogelators: triacontane and stearic acid. Specifically, we aimed to understand if their observed crystalline monolayer thicknesses are due to gauche-bond-shortened hydrocarbon chains oriented perpendicular to the monolayer surface, or to fully extended rigid chains oriented at a tilt angle with respect to the surface. The results showed that crystals of hydrocarbon chains did not include significant gauche bonds, so that all molecules were rigidly extended, thus explaining the experimental data previously reported. Accordingly, TC and SA dimer molecules are packed in crystalline multilayers with tilt angles in relation to the methyl group plane.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 7","pages":"657-662"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aocs.12821","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139669585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antioxidative effects of alkyl esters of sinapic acid on flaxseed oil and its fatty acid methyl esters","authors":"Derya Arslan, Tomaž Polak, Nataša Poklar Ulrih","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aocs.12819","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alkyl esters of sinapic acid were enzymatically synthesized by using hexanol CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>5</sub>OH and palmitoyl chloride CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>14</sub>COCl as acyl donors. The lipid oxidation retarding activities of these conjugates were determined using different methods in two lipid media; bulk flaxseed oil and its fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Palmitoyl sinapate more efficiently slowed down the formation of primary and secondary oxidation products in both lipid media. In terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity, β-carotene bleaching and TEAC assays, it provided higher activity compared to hexyl ester in FAME. Hexyl ester was more active in bulk oil in terms of antioxidant activity analyses. The alkyl side chain length of these molecules had an impact on their antioxidative activity and this effect differed according to the environment in which they were used. The conjugates remained more stable on storage compared to the phenolic compounds originally found in the oil samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 7","pages":"675-687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141597190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of computer-aided methods in fat crystallization studies","authors":"Ang Qi, Lu Zhang","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12818","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12818","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With recent improvements in computer performance, computer-aided studies have become increasingly important. Computer-aided methods have been applied in fat crystallization studies for modeling, simulation, optimization, data analysis and visualization. In this paper, various methods, such as molecular dynamic simulation, Monte Carlo, cellular automata modeling, finite element analysis, machine learning and computer vision, are introduced. Applications and advances in mechanism explanation, behavior prediction, process optimization, and so forth, are reviewed for fat crystallization. As a powerful and essential tool, computer-aided study should play an important role in the field of lipid research in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 11","pages":"1253-1266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139656399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sabrina Diekmann, Stephan Drusch, Monika Brückner-Gühmann
{"title":"Interfacial and emulsion properties of albumin-rich fractions from sunflower seeds","authors":"Sabrina Diekmann, Stephan Drusch, Monika Brückner-Gühmann","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12815","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12815","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The interfacial and emulsion properties of mixed albumin-rich fractions extracted from sunflower seeds at pH 3 and pH 5 were analyzed. SDS-PAGE under reducing and non-reducing conditions was used to visualize differences between the protein fractions. The interfacial activity of the albumin-rich fractions was analyzed via drop contour measurement. The viscoelasticity of the protein film the interactions between the protein molecules, and the network forming within the protein film were measured by interfacial shear rheology. Besides being both surface active, albumin-rich fractions extracted at pH 5 were found to form interfacial films that exhibited a greater stability against deformation. In consequence, emulsions prepared with pH 5 extracts showed better properties represented by a smaller oil droplet size and a lower creaming index. The results proof that mixed albumin-rich fractions can stabilize emulsions. Moreover, the presence of co-extracted phenolic compounds seems to be important to generate systems with increased elastic properties of the interfacial film.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 10","pages":"997-1012"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139646602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mi Soon Park, Chido Wee, Junsoo Lee, Byung Hee Kim, Hak-Ryul Kim, In-Hwan Kim
{"title":"Concentration of docosahexsaenoic acid from tuna oil by a combination of solvent crystallization and lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis","authors":"Mi Soon Park, Chido Wee, Junsoo Lee, Byung Hee Kim, Hak-Ryul Kim, In-Hwan Kim","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12817","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12817","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was concentrated from tuna oil fatty acid using solvent crystallization combined with lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis. In the first step, solvent crystallization was carried out to concentrate DHA from tuna oil fatty acid using acetonitrile as a solvent. The optimal conditions of solvent crystallization were the crystallization temperature of −40°C and the fatty acid to solvent ratio of 1:8 (w/v). This step increased the DHA content in the original tuna oil fatty acid from 22% up to 61%. In the second step, lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis was conducted with DHA-enriched fatty acid from the first step using Lipozyme RM IM (from <i>Rhizomucor miehei</i>) as a biocatalyst. The optimum conditions of this second step were the reaction temperature of 20°C and the molar ratio of 1:1 (fatty acid to ethanol). Overall, DHA enrichment with purity of 85% was obtained by the two step processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 7","pages":"637-645"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139562373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}