Jiaxi Li, Yahao Xiao, Hong Zhang, Yanlan Bi, Xuebing Xu
{"title":"Edible oleogels as solid fat alternatives: A review from patent perspectives","authors":"Jiaxi Li, Yahao Xiao, Hong Zhang, Yanlan Bi, Xuebing Xu","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12782","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12782","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oleogel technology has grown into a substantial research area over the past decade and development through a body of scientific patents and publications. Despite many exciting improvements in structural mechanisms and system development, promoting this technology from a laboratory study into an industrial production is not an easy task. Successful commercialization is predicated on the oleogel being able to adequately replace the various roles played by conventional plastic fats in complex food systems. To this end, certain inevitable limitations, such as poor plasticity, low structural stability, and intricate production procedures, need to be addressed first. This review gives the freedom-spaces available for product developments and provides a deeper understanding for researchers in the oleogel technology combining both sides of patents and literatures. An insight analysis regarding research trends, hot topics, influences, and technology life cycle of current inventions has been conducted. Current structural strategies, formulations, and implementation scales are also discussed. Finally, future perspectives on the technology are highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 11","pages":"1145-1172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138521695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of fatty ester derived novel multifunctional additive and its performance evaluation in polyol base oil","authors":"Piyush Gupta, Shoaib Akhtar, Nisha, Ripudaman Singh Negi, Suheel Kumar Porwal, Raj Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12789","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12789","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The organometallics like ZDDPs are widely used as multifunctional additives in lubricants for imparting antiwear, antioxidant, and corrosion inhibitor activity. Since it has toxic elements like P, Zn, and S so it is an environmentally toxic, non-biodegradable, and ash-forming additive. In automotive emissions, it also causes poisoning in catalytic converters. Due to environmental concerns, it is an issue of awareness to discover less toxic alternatives for these multifunctional additives despite their potent and economical properties. In this work, MO was reacted in a stoichiometric ratio with Tga, giving the intermediate compound MO-Tga through thiol-ene coupling. Subsequently, the reaction of MO-Tga with PPA gave a novel multifunctional additive MO-Tga-PPA. The molecular characteristics and thermal stability of MO-Tga-PPA were studied using techniques like NMR, FTIR, and TGA. The additive was doped at various concentrations such as 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 ppm in polyol to examine their antiwear, antifriction, antioxidant, and anticorrosion performance. It reveals the maximum reduction of 53.85% in the average COF and 25.51% in AWSD at 5000 ppm. The antioxidant activity shows a maximum free radicals inhibition of 97.9% at 3000 ppm using the DPPH. As far as the anticorrosion activity is concerned, the values for the penetration rate, corrosion rate, and weight loss were reduced to 0.015 mpy, 0.082 mdd, and 0.08 mg from the observed values of 0.114 mpy, 0.62 mdd, and 0.60 mg in polyol base oil was observed at 4000 ppm.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 5","pages":"501-511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138521614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal and structural behavior of mango (Mangifera indica L) kernel fat from three Ivorian varieties","authors":"Alfred Kouakou Kouassi, Taofic Alabi, Giorgia Purcaro, Erica Moret, Christophe Blecker, Sabine Danthine","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12781","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12781","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mango (<i>Mangifera indica L</i>.) seeds is an interesting source of fat, rich in stearic (St) and oleic (O) acid with three major triacylglycerols (TAG): StOSt, StOO, and StLSt. The kernel fat content and quality depend however on the varieties and their origin. The objective of this study was to investigate the crystallization and polymorphic behavior of mango kernel fat extracted from three selected Ivorian varieties which differ in terms of TAG composition: Kent (KT), Djakoumankoun (DN) and Brooks (BR). The isothermal crystallization behavior was examined at 15 and 20°C by pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and polarized light microscope. Under static conditions, DN crystallized faster, followed by BR, then KT. At 15°C, an unusual evolution was observed for both DN and BR, which can be explained by a melt-mediated polymorphic transition from α into more stable forms. Using a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) stop-and-return technique, different crystallization behaviors were also observed. Isothermal XRD experiments confirmed that the kinetics of the polymorphic transformation was different within the three samples, even if the three fats were β-3L-tending. At 15°C, KT transformed from liquid state to stable form without passing through α-form, while DN and BR crystallized first into α-from which transformed further to β′, then into stable β-form. At 20°C, DN and BR crystallized directly from liquid to β′, which later transformed into β-form while KT did not crystallize under the same conditions. The huge differences observed result from the differences in the TAG profiles, mainly in the StOO and StOSt content.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 1","pages":"67-78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138521694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lorena Maurente, Nicolás Callejas, Elisa Volonterio, Bruno Baréa, Nathalie Barouh, Claire Bourlieu-Lacanal, Erwann Durand, Pierre Villeneuve, Maria Cruz Figueroa-Espinoza, Iván Jachmanián
{"title":"Effect of the water content and the lengthening of fatty acids chain on the iCALB-catalyzed esterification in deep eutectic solvents","authors":"Lorena Maurente, Nicolás Callejas, Elisa Volonterio, Bruno Baréa, Nathalie Barouh, Claire Bourlieu-Lacanal, Erwann Durand, Pierre Villeneuve, Maria Cruz Figueroa-Espinoza, Iván Jachmanián","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12784","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12784","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Four Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) based on choline chloride (ChCl) and different hydrogen bond donors (1,4-butanediol, glycerol, isosorbide, and urea) were tested as reaction medium for the immobilized <i>Candida antarctica</i> B (iCALB) lipase-catalyzed esterification of fatty acids with n-butanol. Although the strong hydrogen bonds between DES components were expected to lower their reactivity, all except urea, competed in the esterification reaction. To study the effect of acyl group donor and water, different chain length of saturated fatty acids (ranging from 6:0 to 18:0) and water content (ranging from 0, 1, 2 or 3 molar ratio of water/ChCl) were tested in the lipase-catalyzed esterification with n-butanol in ChCl:urea (1:2, molar ratio). When the incubation was performed in the absence of water, the shorter the fatty acid chain length, the higher the conversion. Upon water addition, a drastic increase in the esterification rate of all the fatty acids was observed and, conversely to what occurred in the anhydrous media, the longer the fatty acid chain length, the higher the conversion. Results suggest that water concentration in the DES medium possesses a multifactorial effect, as it influences the enzyme activity, the solvent viscosity, the DES structure, and the interaction between DES components, substrates, and enzymes, thus determining the efficiency and yield of the esterification reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 4","pages":"407-417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138521610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chemical enrichment of conjugated linoleic acid in cottonseed oil using ruthenium nanoparticle immobilized on chemically modified multiwalled carbon nanotube as heterogeneous nanocatalyst","authors":"Weiwei Cheng, Bokai Yu, Yadan Zheng, Peng Yang, Zhigang Ke, Xuxia Zhou, Zheng Guo, Xuebing Xu, Yuting Ding, Shulai Liu","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12785","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12785","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has a variety of health-promoting biological activities, and thus has a great potential as dietary supplement in functional foods. In our work, the effects of surface modifications of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) support on the catalytic efficiency and selectivity of supported Ru catalysts for linoleic acid (LA) to CLA, as well as their influence mechanisms were well investigated. The results showed that the CLA yields for Ru/MWCNTs-OH (36.45%) and Ru/MWCNTs-COOH (31.06%) were significantly higher than that for Ru/MWCNTs (23.94%). This indicated that hydroxylated and carboxylated surface modification of MWCNTs could improve the catalytic activity of Ru. The CLA selectivity of Ru/MWCNTs-N-Doped and Ru/MWCNTs-NH<sub>2</sub> were up to 96.06% and 88.26%, respectively, and was also proved to be temperature and time dependent. TEM analysis indicated Ru nanoparticles were evenly attached on the surface of mMWCNTs but have little agglomeration on MWCNTs, and their particle sizes are negatively related to the catalytic efficiency. Further catalyst characterization by XPS demonstrated that high CLA selectivity of Ru/MWCNTs-N-Doped and Ru/MWCNTs-NH<sub>2</sub> were attributed to the high Ru (IV) content on the surface of supports. Thus, the mMWCNTs were proved to be the excellent support of Ru catalyst for high isomerization selectivity towards CLA formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 11","pages":"1133-1143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138521693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alime Cengiz, Marie Hennebelle, Claire Berton-Carabin, Karin Schroën
{"title":"Effects often overlooked in lipid oxidation in oil-in-water emulsions: Agitation conditions and headspace-to-emulsion ratio","authors":"Alime Cengiz, Marie Hennebelle, Claire Berton-Carabin, Karin Schroën","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12787","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12787","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effects of the agitation conditions and headspace-to-emulsion volume ratio on lipid oxidation in emulsions can be considerable, but have not been systematically investigated yet. In the current paper, lipid oxidation was monitored in model oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions at pH 4.0 and 25°C in the presence of 200 μM iron sulfate. The formation of primary (conjugated dienes and hydroperoxides) and secondary (p-anisidine value and TBARS) oxidation products confirmed that using rotating or shaking devices doubled the rate of oxidation product formation compared to a non-agitated system, as a result of enhanced oxygen transfer. Furthermore, we found that a higher headspace-to-emulsion volume ratio at least doubled the rate of lipid oxidation due to a higher amount of oxygen available per mass of oil, which is in agreement with the kinetics of the reaction. This indicates that the variation in literature data on lipid oxidation in emulsions can be attributed to differences in mixing conditions and volume ratios. These factors are crucial and should be reported systematically along with the agitation conditions, and sampling method. This will enable a better comparison of literature information.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 4","pages":"441-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aocs.12787","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138521612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving the whey protein foam structures by using novel acetylated triglycerides: A response surface methodology (RSM) approach","authors":"Eda Ceren Kaya, Dallas Johnson, Pamela Tamura, Timothy P. Durrett, Umut Yucel","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12780","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12780","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Protein foams are common to foods, such as meringue, whipped cream and mousses. Stability is a challenging issue determined by fat and sugar content. We hypothesize that acetyl-triacylglycerols (acetyl-TAG) that possess <i>sn</i>-3 acetate group with high oleic content can provide stability to the foam at reduced sugar concentrations by increasing the surface viscosity and minimizing serum drainage. A fractional factorial Box-Wilson design was used to investigate the effects of whey protein concentration (WPI) (2–10 wt%), sucrose concentration (SC) (10–30 wt%) and acetyl-TAG concentration (ATC) (0–1 wt%) on overrun (FO), stability against serum drainage (FD) and surface dilatational rheology. Each response was analyzed by linear regression model fitting and a backward elimination algorithm for significance (α = 0.01). FO was significantly affected (<i>p</i> < 0.01) by WPI and ATC, but not sucrose concentration. The optimum overrun (nearly 700%) was obtained at 9 wt% WPI and 0.6 wt% ATC. Drainage and viscoelastic properties were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.01) affected by all process variables. Dynamic complex modulus (|E|) as measured using an optical tensiometer was around 30–40 mN/m when acetyl-TAG was higher than 0.5 wt%. Our findings indicated that the acetyl-TAG can be used to enhance the stability of protein foams in reduced sugar food products, however, not at high sugar concentrations (30 wt%).</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 4","pages":"397-406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135037160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Bayés-García, Kiyotaka Sato, Lu Zhang, Shinichi Yoshikawa, Fumitoshi Kaneko, Yoshinori Yamamoto, Shimpei Watanabe, Ken Taguchi
{"title":"Formation mechanisms of molecular compound in saturated-unsaturated mixed-acid triacylglycerols mixture systems and its edible applications","authors":"Laura Bayés-García, Kiyotaka Sato, Lu Zhang, Shinichi Yoshikawa, Fumitoshi Kaneko, Yoshinori Yamamoto, Shimpei Watanabe, Ken Taguchi","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12776","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12776","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The triacylglycerols (TAGs) containing saturated (S<sub>at</sub>)-unsaturated (U) fatty acid moieties (S<sub>at</sub>-U mixed acid TAGs) are widely present in most natural fats and employed in many industrial applications. The mixing behavior of different Sat-U mixed acid TAGs acts important roles in the physicochemical properties TAG-based materials. Among the three main mixing states of miscible, eutectic and molecular compound (MC) forming mixtures, fundamental research has been conducted on the MC crystals formed by different S<sub>at</sub>-U mixed acid TAGs to understand the structures, phase behavior and crystallization properties. This article reviews studies to date on the complex thermodynamic, kinetic and structural factors that affect the formation of MC crystals in binary and ternary mixtures of S<sub>at</sub>-U mixed acid TAGs (S<sub>at</sub>US<sub>at</sub>, S<sub>at</sub>S<sub>at</sub>U, US<sub>at</sub>U and UUS<sub>at</sub>) through specific molecular interactions among the component TAGs. Furthermore, the application of the MC-forming mixtures containing cacao butter to new types of cocoa butter alternative is reviewed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 1","pages":"79-93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135041829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of branched-chain fatty acids: A mini review","authors":"Huijia Lu, Fang Cong, Xiang Chen, Xingguo Wang, Wei Wei","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12786","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12786","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) have recently gained increasing attention as bioactive lipids with potential nutritional properties and a wide array of applications in human health. The current study reviews the most recent progress in the BCFA preparation. An overview of BCFA extraction from natural sources, including lanolin and butter, is provided. Further, we explore how clay catalysts and zeolites can be used to chemically synthesize BCFAs. The chemically synthetic BCFAs are mainly isostearic acids. Some bacterial membranes contain a high proportion of BCFAs and have been studied as natural raw materials to obtain BCFAs. Engineering the microbial production of BCFA is also reviewed. Special attentions have been given to the molecular structure of the BCFAs during different preparation methods. Future research will focus on obtaining BCFAs with specific structures in high purity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 11","pages":"1127-1132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135138251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Furan fatty acid amounts and their occurrence in triacylglycerols of white asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) from the German market","authors":"Franziska Müller, Vanessa Bauer, Walter Vetter","doi":"10.1002/aocs.12775","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aocs.12775","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Vegetables including asparagus contain a wide range of fatty acids, mainly stored in triacylglycerols. One class of interesting minor fatty acids is the family of furan fatty acids (FuFAs) because of their antioxidant properties. Since FuFAs have not been studied previously in asparagus (<i>Asparagus officinalis</i> L.), we developed and applied a simplified method for their analysis in 20 fresh and three preserved samples. Four FuFAs were detected with clear dominance of the dimethyl-substituted FuFAs (D-FuFAs) 11D5 and 9D5 as well as small amounts of the monomethyl-substituted FuFAs (M-FuFAs) 11M5 and 9M5. The total amounts of FuFAs in fresh white asparagus ranged from 1.4 to 4.6 mg/100 g dry weight (mean 3.0 mg/100 g dry weight). Subsequent LC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS measurements enabled the detection of 22 different FuFA-containing TAGs. These were predominantly found together with one or two polyunsaturated fatty acid.</p>","PeriodicalId":17182,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society","volume":"101 4","pages":"383-395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aocs.12775","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}