Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs最新文献

{"title":"The Longitudinal Association of Cumulative Depression With Cannabis Use Disorder Among Young Adults.","authors":"Isaac C Rhew, Sabrina Oesterle, Margaret R Kuklinski, Katarina Guttmannova, Jennifer M Cadigan","doi":"10.15288/jsad.23-00301","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.23-00301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined whether the cumulative experience of elevated depressive symptoms from ages 19 to 23 was associated with cannabis use disorder (CUD) at age 26 and whether the association varied by perceived ease of access to cannabis and perceived risk for harms from cannabis use.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were from 4,407 young adults participating in the Community Youth Development Study. Cumulative experience of elevated depressive symptoms was calculated by summing the number of times a participant scored ≥10 on the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire across three biennial survey waves (ages 19 to 23). To assess CUD, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule was used. Participants also self-reported their ease of access to cannabis and the perceived harm of regular cannabis use at the age 19, 21, and 23 waves. Marginal structural modeling was used to account for multiple time-varying and time-fixed covariates using inverse probability weights.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the final weighted models, a greater number of time points (i.e., study waves) showing elevated depressive symptoms was associated with an increased likelihood of CUD at age 26 (prevalence ratio = 1.46, 95% CI [1.20, 1.77]). There was no strong evidence for moderation of this association by perceived ease of access or perceived risk for harms because of regular cannabis use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Persistent experience of elevated depressive symptoms may place young adults at risk for CUD. Strategies to reduce the burden of depressive symptoms among young adults may lead to downstream effects such as reducing the prevalence of cannabis-related problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"85-94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Effects of a Multi-Component Community-Level Intervention to Reduce Single-Vehicle Nighttime Crashes: Follow-Up Findings From a 24-Community Randomized Trial.","authors":"Robert Saltz, Mallie J Paschall","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00103","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This follow-up study examines whether a multi-component, high-visibility alcohol enforcement intervention implemented in 12 California cities had long-term effects on alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes beyond the period of the original study. Previous results indicated a significant reduction in single-vehicle night-time (SVN) crashes among 15- to 30-year-olds in intervention cities relative to controls.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A randomized trial was conducted with 24 randomly chosen California cities from 2012 to 2017 to evaluate a multi-component intervention to reduce excessive drinking and driving while impaired among adolescents and young adults. Twelve of the cities were randomly assigned to the intervention condition and implemented high-visibility alcohol enforcement operations and other components from April 2013 to March 2016. Multi-level negative binomial regression analyses were conducted with motor vehicle crash data from 2010 to 2021 to examine whether SVN crashes among 15- to 30-year-olds decreased in intervention cities relative to controls after the multi-component intervention was implemented. Analyses controlled for community sociodemographic characteristics, the overall time trend, the COVID pandemic, and pre-intervention levels of SVN crashes and adjusted for correlation of repeated observations within cities over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regression analyses indicated a significantly lower level of monthly SVN crashes among 15- to 30-year-olds in intervention cities during post-intervention months through 2021 relative to control cities (incidence rate ratio [95% CI] = 0.88 [0.79, 0.98], <i>p</i> < .05) when controlling for community sociodemographic characteristics, the overall time trend, COVID, and pre-intervention levels of SVN crashes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Study findings suggest that a multi-component, high-visibility alcohol enforcement intervention can have long-term effects on alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes and related injuries and fatalities among adolescent and young adult drivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"136-139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Characteristics of Alcohol Use in Substance-Involved Deaths in St. Louis, Missouri, From 2011 to 2022.","authors":"Melissa Nance, Julia Richardson, Khrystyna Stetsiv, Devin Banks, Maria Paschke, Rachel Winograd, Ryan W Carpenter","doi":"10.15288/jsad.23-00281","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.23-00281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Alcohol contributes to a large number of deaths annually, in terms of both deaths fully attributed to alcohol (e.g., alcohol poisoning) and deaths where alcohol is a contributing cause (e.g., motor vehicle accidents). Nationally, alcohol-involved deaths are increasing. This study examines alcohol's role in substance-involved deaths and factors that are associated with alcohol involvement in the St. Louis, Missouri region.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The present study examined 7,641 substance-involved deaths that occurred in the St. Louis, Missouri region. Data were provided by city and county medical examiner offices and comprised all substance-involved deaths between 2011 and 2022. We examined the prevalence of alcohol stratified by manner of death, sex, and race. We conducted logistic regression predicting odds of alcohol involvement based on demographic factors, presence of medical conditions, involvement of other substances, and year of death.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 26.29% (2,009/7,671) of substance-involved deaths involved alcohol, and annual alcohol-involved deaths increased by 54.33% from 2011 to 2022. Most substance-involved deaths were overdose deaths (82.54%; 6,307/7,641). Alcohol-involved overdose deaths increased by 60.76% from 2011 to 2022. Prevalence of alcohol was higher for overdose deaths involving opioids and benzodiazepines (18%-24%) than for other drug classes (7%-16%). Odds of alcohol involvement in overdose deaths increased with age (odds ratio = 1.02, 95% CI [1.01, 1.02]) and were higher for males (odds ratio = 1.67, 95% CI [1.43, 1.96]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The St. Louis metropolitan area saw increases in alcohol-involved fatalities for all manner of deaths, particularly overdose deaths and deaths among Black men. To improve prevention strategies for alcohol fatalities, further research is needed to investigate the role of alcohol in polysubstance overdose deaths.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"106-114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141261873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Messages About Tobacco and Alcohol Co-Users.","authors":"Leah M Ranney, Sarah D Kowitt, Kristen L Jarman, Robyn M Lane, Adam O Goldstein, Jennifer Cornacchione Ross, Amanda Y Kong, Melissa J Cox","doi":"10.15288/jsad.23-00415","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.23-00415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>People who use both alcohol and combustible tobacco have an increased risk of developing cancer. Few interventions have been developed to inform people about the risks of co-use. This study developed and tested messages about the risks of alcohol and combustible tobacco co-use among adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In June to July 2021, we surveyed 1,300 U.S. adults who had used both alcohol and combustible tobacco products within the past 30 days. After reporting their awareness of diseases caused by tobacco and alcohol co-use, participants were randomly assigned to four between-subjects experiments that manipulated specific cancer health effects versus the word <i>cancer;</i> cancer health effects versus noncancer health effects; different descriptions of co-use (e.g., <i>using</i> alcohol and tobacco…, <i>drinking</i> alcohol and <i>smoking</i> tobacco…); and co-use versus single-use messages. Participants saw one message for each experiment and rated each message using a validated perceived message effectiveness (PME) scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Awareness of health effects caused by alcohol and tobacco co-use ranged from moderately high for throat cancer (65.4%) to moderately low for colorectal cancer (23.1%). Messages about cancer health effects increased PME more than messages about noncancer health effects (<i>B</i> = 0.18, <i>p</i> = .01). Messages about some specific cancers, including oral cancer (<i>B</i> = -0.20, <i>p</i> = .04) and colorectal cancer (<i>B</i> = -0.22, <i>p</i> = .02), decreased PME more than messages with only the word <i>cancer</i>. No significant differences were identified for descriptions of co-use or co-use versus single-use messages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Messages about some cancer health effects of co-using alcohol and tobacco may be effective when communicating the harms of both drinking alcohol and using tobacco.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"140-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Cannabis Use Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Population Surveys.","authors":"Cassandra L Boness, Rory A Pfund, Samuel Acuff, Martín Montaño-Pilch, Kenneth J Sher","doi":"10.15288/jsad.23-00368","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.23-00368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Epidemiologic surveys aim to estimate the population prevalence of cannabis use and cannabis use disorder. Prevalence estimates are important for understanding trends, such as the impact of policy change. Existing epidemiologic surveys have produced discrepant and potentially unreliable estimates. The current meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD42022364818) aims to identify potential sources of unreliability in prevalence estimates of cannabis use and use disorder among the general population (age 12 and older). There was no specific hypothesis about overall prevalence estimate, but we expected significant variability (i.e., heterogeneity) in estimates based on factors such as country, year of data collection, and specific methodological factors (e.g., diagnostic instrument).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Systematic searches identified manuscripts and reports documenting nationally representative lifetime or past-year cannabis use disorder prevalence estimates. Meta-analysis was used to synthesize prevalence estimates, evaluate heterogeneity, and test moderators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 39 manuscripts/reports included in analyses, which resulted in 259 unique prevalence estimates spanning 1980-2013 and an aggregated sample size of 973,281 individuals. Past-year and lifetime prevalence estimates for cannabis use were 12.83% (95% CI [11.15%, 14.71%]) and 38.31% (95% CI [35.92%, 40.76%]), and those for cannabis use disorder were 2.59% (95% CI [2.30%, 2.90%]) and 6.77% (95% CI [4.89%, 9.30%]), respectively. There was significant heterogeneity in estimates, which was partially explained by factors such as country, year of data collection, and methodological characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The significant heterogeneity in prevalence estimates as a function of methodological characteristics raises concerns about the generalizability of estimates. Recommendations for enhancing the validity and reliability of these estimates are offered.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"25-38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141450805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol and Other Drug Neuroscience: Expanding the Scope of JSAD.","authors":"Jennifer P Read","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.24-00459","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":"86 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disaggregating Trends in Alcohol Involvement Among Hispanic, Black, and White Female and Male U.S. Adolescents: 2002 to 2019.","authors":"Jessica K Perrotte, Yessenia Castro, Priscilla Martinez, Craig A Field, Miguel Pinedo, Ty S Schepis","doi":"10.15288/jsad.23-00390","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.23-00390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Alcohol involvement is declining among U.S. adolescents; however, studies examining population-level trends in alcohol involvement among females and males from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds are scarce. Therefore, the current study examined alcohol involvement from 2002 to 2019 among Hispanic, Black, and White U.S. adolescent females and males.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, years 2002-2019. Participants were between 12 and 17 years old and Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, or non-Hispanic White. Annualized change estimates within each subgroup were analyzed separately for the following four alcohol variables: (a) lifetime alcohol use; (b) age at alcohol initiation; (c) past-year drinking days; and (d) respondent's perceived risk of alcohol misuse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lifetime alcohol use decreased for all groups, and the decrease was strongest for Hispanic males. Age at alcohol initiation similarly increased for Hispanic and White females and males, with no change in age at alcohol initiation for Black adolescents. Past-year drinking days declined for all groups but was not significant for Black females. Perceiving alcohol misuse as a \"great risk\" increased only for Hispanic males and females.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although alcohol involvement is declining among U.S. adolescents, results from this study highlight that engaging with alcohol is normative among many adolescent groups. Also, when considering sex as well as race and ethnicity, there are important distinctions in patterns of decline in alcohol involvement that should be accounted for to inform future research and screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"13-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141261870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily-Level Associations Between Situational Familiarity With Location and People and Use of Alcohol-Related Protective Behavioral Strategies Among Adolescents and Young Adults.","authors":"Allison Cross, Zhengyang Zhou, Anne M Fairlie, Dana M Litt, Scott Graupensperger, Christine M Lee, Emma Kannard, Melissa A Lewis","doi":"10.15288/jsad.23-00255","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.23-00255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Despite protective behavioral strategies (PBS) being an important part of alcohol-prevention programs, use of PBS is suboptimal, and research is needed to determine factors associated with the use and non-use of PBS. The present study examined daily-level associations between situational familiarity (i.e., familiarity with locations and people) and the use of alcohol-related PBS among adolescents and young adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (analysis <i>n</i> = 564, 55.1% female, 45.2% White, non-Hispanic, ages 15 to 25 years, <i>M</i> = 21.07 years [<i>SD</i> = 2.79]) were part of a longitudinal ecological momentary assessment burst study on cognitions and alcohol use. Mixed-effects Poisson models were used to analyze data for engagement in PBS (i.e., serious harm reduction, stopping/limiting, and manner-of-drinking PBS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within-person results indicated that when participants had elevated (i.e., higher than their own average) familiarity with their location, they were less likely to use serious harm-reduction PBS (rate ratio [RR] = 0.94, <i>p</i> < .001) and stopping/limiting PBS (RR = 0.95, <i>p</i> < .001). Results showed that on drinking days with elevated familiarity with people, individuals were more likely to use serious harm-reduction PBS (RR = 1.03, <i>p</i> = .01). There were no significant daily-level associations between familiarity with people or location and manner-of-drinking PBS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study suggests that PBS use, particularly for serious harm-reduction and stopping/limiting strategies, varies among adolescents and young adults based on familiarity with location and people. Alcohol-prevention interventions, including just-in-time interventions, should consider how to promote PBS use, particularly in familiar locations and with less familiar people.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"115-123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141261825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the Federal Government's Move to Reschedule Cannabis: A Commentary.","authors":"R Lorraine Collins, Panayotis K Thanos, Rebecca Ashare, David Herzberg, Robert Silverman","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00346","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rescheduling of cannabis from the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration's current most restrictive (Schedule I) designation would be an important step for cannabis research and researchers. We are researchers who have experience with cannabis research in preclinical, clinical, and policy domains and who represent a range of social science disciplines (e.g., Psychology, History). In this commentary, we share our perspectives on the history, policies, challenges, and benefits of moving cannabis from the current Schedule I designation (similar to heroin) to the less restrictive Schedule III (similar to ketamine). The rescheduling has the potential to contribute in multiple ways to research on cannabis' effects on the brain and behavior, policies for regulating medicinal and recreational use, and the use of cannabis to treat health conditions such as chronic pain. Although scientific evidence supports this rescheduling, there are challenges and pushbacks to keeping the regulations as they currently exist. Although \"the devil is in the details,\" we present our reasons to advocate for improving access to cannabis for research.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"8-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142468533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solitary Drinkers in Great Britain: How Do Their Sociodemographic Characteristics, Consumption Patterns, and Drinking Occasions Differ From Those Who Drink With Others?","authors":"Luke B Wilson, Matthew Bain, Mónica Hernández-Alava, John Holmes, Rob Pryce, Alessandro Sasso, Abigail K Stevely, Alan Warde, Petra S Meier","doi":"10.15288/jsad.23-00408","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.23-00408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Inequalities in alcohol-related harm may arise partly from differences in drinking practices between population groups. One underresearched practice associated with harm is consuming alcohol alone. We identify sociodemographic characteristics associated with drinking alone and the occasion-level characteristics associated with occasions when people drink alone.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis of 1-week drinking diaries collected between 2015 and 2019 was conducted using event-level data on 271,738 drinking occasions reported by 83,952 adult drinkers in Great Britain. Our two dependent variables were a binary indicator of reporting at least one solitary drinking occasion in the diary week at the individual level and a binary indicator of drinking alone at the occasion level (event level).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individual-level characteristics associated with solitary drinking were being a man (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88, 95% CI [1.80, 1.96]), age greater than 50 years (OR = 2.60, 95% CI [2.40, 2.81]), not in a relationship (OR = 3.39, 95% CI [3.20, 3.59]), living alone (OR = 2.51, 95% CI [2.37, 2.66]), and being a high-risk drinker (OR = 1.54, 95% CI [1.52, 1.59]). Occasion-level characteristics associated with solitary drinking were that they were more likely to occur in the off-trade (OR = 3.08, 95% CI [2.95, 3.21]), Monday-Thursday (OR = 1.36, 95% CI [1.27, 1.47]), and after 10 P.M. (OR = 1.36, 95% CI [1.27, 1.47]) controlling for geographic region and the month the interview took place.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Characteristics of solitary drinking largely align with characteristics we associated with drinking problems. Those who partake in at least one solitary drinking occasion are overall more likely to consume alcohol at risky levels; however, the number of drinks consumed on each occasion was lower during a solitary drinking occasion.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141261876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}