Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs最新文献

{"title":"Restricting Tobacco Poster Advertising Space at Retail Point of Sale Reduces Some Young Adults' Susceptibility to Future Cigarette Smoking.","authors":"Claude M Setodji, Michael Dunbar, Steven C Martino, Jody Cs Wong, Maggie Hieber, Desmond Jenson, William G Shadel","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00097","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.25-00097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Posters that advertise tobacco products in point-of-sale (POS) retail environments have a significant influence on youth smoking risk. This study experimentally examined how restricting poster coverage space in a retail POS setting affects young adults' future susceptibility to cigarette smoking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Young adult participants (N = 288) shopped in the RAND StoreLab (RSL), a life-sized replica of a convenience store, under one of two experimental conditions: 1) high coverage poster space (the status quo, featuring 16 tobacco posters displayed as usual), and 2) low coverage poster space, which halved the number of displayed posters. After shopping in the RSL, participants completed measures assessing their susceptibility to future smoking. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of experimental condition on the likelihood of future smoking susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Restricting poster coverage at POS was associated with a significant reduction in future susceptibility to cigarette smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05-0.90, p = .035) among young adults with high past month breadth of exposure to cigarette advertising in the past month. Restricting poster coverage did not have an impact on young adults with low levels of past month breadth of cigarette advertising exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reducing poster space at POS can effectively influence certain segments of the young adult population. These results suggest that policies aimed at decreasing smoking advertisements in retail environments may help reduce smoking intentions among young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removing Price Discounts from the Tobacco Retail Environment: Effects on College Students' Risk of Using Smokeless Tobacco, Little Cigars, and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Devices.","authors":"William G Shadel, Claude M Setodji, Steven C Martino, Michael S Dunbar, Desmond Jenson, Jody Cs Wong, Abigail Torbatian","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00432","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The tobacco industry strives to keep product prices low through providing consumer-focused discounts (e.g., coupons) that can be applied at retail locations. Local communities have responded by prohibiting the distribution and/or redemption of coupons at retail locations, yet evidence that this policy diminishes product purchases and use intentions is lacking. The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate whether elimination of price discounts from retail locations influences use intentions for smokeless tobacco, little cigars/cigarillos (LCCs), and electronic cigarettes (ENDS) in young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 298 college students recruited from the community. They participated in a simulated shopping task in the RAND StoreLab, a life-sized replica of a mid-sized convenience store. They were randomized into one of two conditions: Price discounts present (store tobacco posters displayed price discount information) or price discounts absent (no price discount information displayed on posters). The dependent measure was post-shopping intentions to use smokeless tobacco, LCCs, and ENDS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to the price discounts absent condition led to a lower susceptibility of using smokeless tobacco compared to exposure to the price discounts present condition (aOR = 0.48 [95% CI, 0.23, 0.98]). Experimental condition was not related to LCC use susceptibility (aOR = 1.46 [95% CI, 0.70, 3.03]) or to ENDS use susceptibility (aOR = 0.89 [95% CI, 0.40, 1.95]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results support eliminating tobacco discounts from retail locations, at least for reducing college students' desire to use some tobacco products.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12288586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and usability of a mobile application developed to moderate alcohol use in real time.","authors":"Ahmad A Kittaneh, Natasha K Sidhu, Jackson T Jin, Samantha G Cassidy, William V Lechner","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.24-00331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to adverse consequences including physical and mental health problems. While there are many empirically supported cognitive and behavioral therapies for alcohol use disorder, the most widely available in person treatments focus on abstinence rather than moderation. Moderation strategies are historically less common and are typically reported to be less effective, despite moderation being a common primary goal. Additionally, most individuals with alcohol related problems will never seek formal assistance from a healthcare provider. Technology-delivered interventions that focus on moderation strategies address several treatment needs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We developed and tested the initial efficacy and usability of a mobile application focused on improving alcohol moderation via real time pacing of consumption. Participants (n=59) were randomized to use the experimental application, or conversely, moderation strategies proposed by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism including a drink tracking card. Participants provided follow-up data regarding their alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences over a fourteen-day period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample reported statistically significant and clinically meaningful reductions in alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences. However, the effect of experimental condition was not significant. Additionally, participants reported descriptive feedback regarding their user experience. Participants' ratings revealed significantly lower satisfaction and ease of understanding of the experimental application as compared to participant's ratings of their use of the drink tracking card in the control condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicate specific revisions to the design and further evaluation of barriers to successful moderation to increase the efficacy of the mobile application examined.</p><p><p>The current study provided initial evidence of the effectiveness of a mobile application aiming to moderate alcohol use. These findings can inform future studies aiming to provide mobile application interventions to individuals wanting immediate assistance to moderate their use without the help of a healthcare professional.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketamine as an Emerging Strategy to Combat the Fentanyl Crisis.","authors":"Andrew M Subica, Sheridan S Shepherd, Rolando Tringale","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00414","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00414","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"657-661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Correlates of Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol and Cannabis Among Spanish Adolescents.","authors":"Alba González-Roz, Clara Iza-Fernández, Layla Alemán-Moussa, Roberto Secades-Villa","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00132","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Traffic accidents are one of the leading external causes of death among young people in Spain, and driving under the influence of alcohol or other drugs (DUI) is a prime contributing factor. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of research looking at DUI risk factors in adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the past-year prevalence and correlates of DUI-alcohol (DUI-A), DUI-cannabis (DUI-C), and both (DUI-A+C) in adolescents who reported past-year alcohol and cannabis use.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study sample comprised 3,175 (47.9% females; <i>M</i> age [<i>SD</i>] = 16.76 [0.70]) Spanish adolescents from a national representative survey (ESTUDES) conducted by the Spanish Ministry of Health. Hierarchical regression models were conducted to identify correlates of DUI-A only, DUI-C only, and both behaviors, including sociodemographic, substance use, and parental control variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Past-year prevalence of DUI was 9.9% among past-year alcohol and cannabis users. Past-year DUI was more likely among males (15.4%) relative to females (6%), chi-squared = 73.39, <i>p</i> = <.001, phi = .152. Being male and reporting higher past-month days of cannabis use and cannabis-related problems were common risk factors for DUI-C and DUI-A+C. Risk factors for DUI-A were the availability of more money for going out, higher past-month frequency of heavy drinking episodes, and lower past-month cannabis use days. Specific correlates of DUI-A+C were being 18, past-year simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use, and earlier age at alcohol use initiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a need to address DUI in substance use prevention in school settings. Screening should be particularly focused on adolescent substance users, whereas interventions should target attitudes and risks of substance use and driving.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"626-632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining Between- and Within-Subjects Effects of Posting and Exposure to Alcohol-Related Social Media Content on Drinking Over Time.","authors":"Megan Strowger, Abby L Braitman, Tim Janssen, Nancy P Barnett","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00131","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Social media content featuring alcoholic beverages is posted and viewed by college students. Limited longitudinal research suggests that increased alcohol-related content (ARC) posting and exposure is associated with increased alcohol consumption among college students over time. Emerging evidence suggests that this association may be bidirectional, with drinking predicting later ARC posting. The current study examined longitudinal bidirectional associations between alcohol consumption and posting ARC (Aim 1) and friend ARC exposure (Aim 2).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>College students engaging in heavy or problematic drinking (<i>N</i> = 384; <i>M</i> age = 20.04; 74.2% female; 79.6% White) completed four surveys (baseline, 1-month, 3-month, 6-month). Each survey assessed social media use (including ARC posting) and alcohol use, along with ARC posting behaviors of their social network (i.e., important friends).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Random-intercept cross-lagged panel models revealed significant large associations only at the within-subjects level for posting ARC, but significant medium-large between- and within-subjects associations for ARC exposure. Within subjects, greater alcohol consumption predicted posting 1 month later, and posting at the 3-month follow-up predicted increased drinking at 6 months (Aim 1). Between subjects, individuals who reported greater social network ARC exposure were more likely to report greater alcohol consumption. Within subjects, greater-than-average ARC exposure at 1 month predicted decreased alcohol consumption at 3 months (Aim 2).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that the relationship between alcohol consumption and alcohol posting (self and ARC exposure) is complex and not necessarily bidirectional, with associations between posting and drinking fluctuating within subjects, whereas between- and within-subjects associations were observed for exposure and drinking. Associations between posting and drinking vary within individuals over time, whereas associations between exposure and drinking exist for groups, indicating that the more people are exposed, the more alcohol they consume.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"542-554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Besides the Drinking in Alcohol's Harm to Others: Potential Economic and Environmental Factors.","authors":"Robin Room, Dan Anderson-Luxford, Sandra Kuntsche, Anne-Marie Laslett","doi":"10.15288/jsad.23-00340","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.23-00340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article considers how harm from others' drinking is distributed across several economic and environmental factors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Economic, environmental, demographic, and drinking measures include household income, financial disadvantage indicators, and home spaciousness; neighborhood socioeconomic status, connections, and safety; and respondent's gender, age group, and risky drinking status. This article explores the interactions of these factors with harms from the drinking of others in a 2021 survey of 2,574 Australian adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The home's degree of crowding (persons per bedroom) is related to harms from others in the household, whereas financial disadvantage is related to harms from drinkers outside the household, whether known or strangers. Perceived neighborhood safety and knowing neighbors are negatively related to harms from the drinking of others outside the household. In multivariate analyses for harms from household members and strangers, these findings are little affected by three individual factors related to harms from others' drinking: the respondent's gender, age group, and risky drinking status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Some economic and ecological factors play an important role in the occurrence of harm from others' drinking, but the relationship varies between factors and by the category of the other person involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"601-610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Drinking Consequences on Alcohol Expectancy Likelihoods and Valences: An Item-Level Multilevel Approach.","authors":"Megan E Schultz, Jonas Dora, Kevin M King","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00035","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Alcohol expectancy theory proposes that beliefs about drinking motivate or deter drinking. Although expectancies influence drinking, less is known about how the consequences of drinking influence expectancies. We modeled a feedback conceptualization of how the experience of specific consequences influenced people's beliefs about how likely a consequence is to occur (i.e., likelihoods) and how positive the consequence will be (i.e., valences).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We re-analyzed cross-sectional data from college drinkers (<i>n</i> = 504), using Bayesian cross-classified multilevel ordinal regressions to estimate associations between consequences, likelihoods, and valences. We performed a preregistered replication in new data (<i>n</i> = 362).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants had higher likelihoods (95% CI Study 1 = [2.06, 2.43], 95% CI Study 2 = [1.75, 2.12]) and valences (95% CI Study 1 = [0.28, 0.52], 95% CI Study 2 = [0.33, 0.60]) when they had experienced consequences more often, but these associations leveled off at higher consequence frequencies. Participants also believed consequences to be more likely when they viewed them as more positive, and vice versa. Again, these associations leveled off at higher levels of the predictor. Crucially, the strength of these associations varied across both people and consequences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Experiencing specific consequences more often was related to people judging them to be more likely and more positive in the future, aligning with alcohol expectancy theory. This may lead to experiencing negative consequences repeatedly because people are not being demotivated from drinking. Given the person and consequence level variability, clinicians should consider an individualized approach when targeting drinking consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"611-625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polygenic Risk for Substance Use Disorders as Predictors of Substance Use Initiation Among African American Youth.","authors":"David W Sosnowski, Jill A Rabinowitz, Kenneth A Feder, Justin C Strickland, Dana B Hancock, George R Uhl, Nicholas S Ialongo, Brion S Maher","doi":"10.15288/jsad.23-00397","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.23-00397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Despite adverse health consequences associated with early substance use initiation, less is known about the influence of genetic risk on initiation and environmental characteristics that may moderate these associations, particularly among African Americans. We examined whether genetic risk for alcohol use disorder, cannabis use disorder, and nicotine dependence is associated with age at initiation of these substances and whether community disadvantage and parental monitoring moderate these associations in a sample of African American youth.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (<i>n</i> = 1,017; 56% female) were initially recruited for an elementary school-based universal prevention intervention trial. At about age 20, participants reported on their age at initiation of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use and provided a saliva or blood sample. At about age 12, caregiver reports on parental monitoring were obtained, along with census-tract data to measure community disadvantage. Hypotheses were tested using Cox Proportional Hazard Models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher alcohol use disorder polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were associated with later alcohol initiation (hazard ratio = 0.78, 95% CI [0.65, 0.94]). Cannabis use disorder and nicotine dependence PRSs were not associated with initiation of these substances. We observed an interaction between the cannabis use disorder PRS and parental monitoring; among individuals with high cannabis use disorder PRS, high monitoring was associated with earlier cannabis initiation, whereas among individuals with low PRS, low monitoring was associated with earlier initiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings largely indicate that PRSs for substance use disorders are not associated with age at initiation among African American youth. Parental monitoring may influence the association between cannabis use disorder PRS and age at cannabis initiation, but replication of our findings is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":"86 4","pages":"530-541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144512095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Increased Trend of Nondrinking Among Adolescents in Sweden: Do They Use Other Substances Instead of Alcohol?","authors":"Peter Larm, Oscar Fjällström, Cecilia Åslund, Kent W Nilsson, Fabrizia Giannotta","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00149","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Recently, an increased trend toward nondrinking among adolescents has arisen. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the popular view in Sweden that adolescents have replaced alcohol with illicit drugs or other substances and to examine whether the use of illicit drugs, cigarettes, and/or snus among moderate and heavy alcohol users has changed.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were taken from a large population-based health survey distributed in 1995, 1997, 2001, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2017, and 2020, covering all students in 9th grade (15-16 years) and 11th grade (17-18 years) in a mid-sized Swedish county.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of nondrinkers who used other substances was very low, varying from 1.1% to 3.3% for illicit drugs, from 1.0% to 7.6% for current smoking, and from 1.2% to 6.2% for snus use. Further, no change was found in illicit drug use among moderate and heavy alcohol users from 2004 to 2017, but current smoking and snus use decreased. However, when compared with low alcohol users, moderate and heavy alcohol users had a higher probability of illicit drug use, cigarette smoking, and snus use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents have not replaced alcohol with other substances. When compared with low alcohol users, moderate and heavy alcohol users are more likely to use illicit drugs and nicotine. The low prevalence of substance use among nondrinkers may indicate that preventing alcohol use could have additional positive effects on illicit drug and nicotine use.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"491-499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}