Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of a Registry-Based Environmental Risk Score on Episodes of Alcohol Use Disorder and Drug Use Disorder in Swedish National Samples.","authors":"Kenneth S Kendler, Sara L Lönn, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.25-00035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Psychosocial stress increases the risk for subsequent episodes of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and drug use disorder (DUD), with most studies assessing stress exposure by questionnaire or interview methods. We developed an environmental risk score (ERS) using multiple classes of stressful life events (SLEs) obtained from national Swedish registries.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We assessed, in the entire adult population of Sweden (<i>n</i> = 7,105,712), the occurrence of 51 categories of SLEs derived from registry information for the six months prior to 9/1/2010 and the risk for AUD and DUD registration over the subsequent 18 months. Weights for these two ERSs were obtained from a random half of our sample, and the relationship of ERS to AUD and DUD evaluated in the second half.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ERS strongly predicted subsequent AUD and DUD episodes. Men were more sensitive to the pathogenic effect of the ERS than women. Those with prior episodes of AUD and DUD had larger absolute increases in ERS-associated AUD and DUD risk than those without previous episodes. Genetic risk for AUD and DUD were associated with greater sensitivity to the pathogenic effects of the ERS. A co-sibling control analysis suggested that a large proportion of the ERS-AUD and ERS-DUD associations were causal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Valid measures of environmental risks that predispose to AUD and DUD can be assessed from SLEs obtained from high quality national registry data. Importantly, this method avoids prior assessment problems of accurate dating and recall bias and can be performed in large samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evolving Alcohol Landscape: Implications for Public Health and Policy.","authors":"Matthew E Rossheim, Ryan D Treffers, Alicia C Sparks, Michael Sparks, Kayla K Tillett, Cassidy R LoParco, Pamela J Trangenstein, Scott T Walters, Michael Siegel, David H Jernigan","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00339","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"323-329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Roles of Alcohol Availability, Overserving, and Enforcement in Recreational and Social Settings on Alcohol Misuse and Harms: A Comparison of Australia and the United States.","authors":"Vi T Le, Jennifer A Bailey, Jessica A Heerde, Gabriel J Merrin, Ebru A Batmaz, Adrian B Kelly, John W Toumbourou","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00036","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine how alcohol availability, overserving, and enforcement in recreational and social settings are related to alcohol misuse and alcohol-impaired driving among young adults in Victoria, Australia, and Washington State, United States.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Longitudinal data came from 1,430 participants in Victoria (<i>n</i> = 757; 52% female) and Washington (<i>n</i> = 673; 53% female), surveyed in 2014 (age 25 years) and 2018 (age 29 years) from the International Youth Development Study, a population-based, cross-national study to examine factors influencing substance use. Path modeling tested associations between age 25 perceptions of the alcohol environment, age 25 social alcohol consumption, and age 29 alcohol-related harms. Multiple-group modeling examined differences in parameter estimates across both states.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age 25 perceptions of the alcohol environment (alcohol availability, overservice in evening social venues, legal enforcement) and alcohol consumption in evening social settings were similar between the two states. Higher alcohol availability and perceived tendency of evening social venues to overserve were associated with higher alcohol consumption in these contexts. In turn, higher alcohol consumption in these settings was associated with more problematic alcohol use and an increased likelihood of alcohol-impaired driving 4 years later. The perceived likelihood of legal enforcement in evening social settings was not related to alcohol consumption in these contexts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The recreational and social settings commonly frequented by young adults can influence drinking behaviors and alcohol-related harms. Reducing alcohol availability and overservicing in settings where young adults often congregate and socialize could reduce problematic alcohol use and alcohol-impaired driving.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"340-348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontal Brain N-Acetylaspartate at Treatment Entry is Related to Future World Health Organization Risk Drinking Levels in Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder.","authors":"April C May, Lauren H Stephens, Eric P Kraybill, Dieter J Meyerhoff, Timothy C Durazzo","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00168","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to assess the viability of regional brain metabolite levels of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) at treatment entry as a biomarker of posttreatment levels of alcohol use, categorized according to the World Health Organization risk drinking levels (WHO-RDL).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eighty-five individuals initiating treatment for AUD (16 ± 13 days after last alcohol consumption) and 45 light/nondrinking controls completed a 1.5T proton multislice magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study. N-acetylaspartate (NAA), a marker of neuronal viability, and other metabolites were quantitated for cortical gray matter, white matter, and select subcortical regions. Individuals with AUD were classified according to their posttreatment alcohol consumption as abstainers (<i>n</i> = 42), low-risk (<i>n</i> = 20), or higher risk (<i>n</i> = 23) participants based on the WHO-RDL taxonomy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within frontal gray matter, higher risk participants exhibited significantly lower NAA levels than light/nondrinking controls and abstainers but did not differ from low-risk participants. Higher risk participants had significantly lower NAA concentration in frontal white matter than all groups who did not significantly differ from one another. Higher risk participants showed significantly lower parietal white matter NAA than light/nondrinking controls and abstainers; low-risk and higher risk participants did not differ from one another. Across higher risk and low risk, lower frontal gray matter and white matter NAA were related to shorter periods of abstinence before first posttreatment alcohol consumption and longer posttreatment duration of alcohol resumption. There were no significant group differences in myo-inositol or choline- or creatine-containing compound concentrations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frontal and parietal lobar NAA concentrations, near treatment entry, are associated with WHO-RDL categorized posttreatment alcohol consumption levels and may serve as predictive biomarkers of clinical outcomes following treatment for AUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"416-423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It's Not Just What Parents Say, It's Why They Say It: Students' Perceptions of Parents' Motives for Alcohol Communication.","authors":"Bradley M Trager, Lucy E Napper, Oliver J Hatch, Reed M Morgan, Sarah C Boyle, Joseph W LaBrie","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00045","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Previous work has investigated parents' reports of motives for communicating with their young adults about alcohol. Although parents' self-reported motives may predict intentions to communicate, young adults' perceptions of their parents' motives may be important for understanding young adults' responses to parental alcohol communication. The present study was conducted to explore college students' perceptions of their parents' motives for alcohol communication and to investigate whether perceptions of these motives predict changes in alcohol consumption and related consequences during the transition to college.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>First-year college students (<i>n</i> = 306) participated in a longitudinal survey study. Baseline measures at pre-matriculation (Time 1) included assessments of student perceptions of their parents' motives for alcohol communication and covariates (e.g., perceived peer descriptive drinking norms, parental modeling and alcohol communication, and drinking and consequences). At a 1-month follow-up (Time 2), students reported on their alcohol use and consequences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When we controlled for other predictors of college student drinking, results indicated that for each one-unit increase in perceived parental reactive communication motives, the incidence rate of typical weekly drinking increased by 9%, and heavy episodic drinking (HED) increased by 21%. Conversely, the incidence rate of HED decreased by 27% for each one-unit increase in perceived maternal family history communication motives.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that college students' perceptions of their parents' motives for alcohol communication can significantly influence their drinking behavior during the transition to college.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"446-454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Cannabis-Related Hospitalizations in Arizona From 2016 to 2021 and Associations With Mental Health-Related Hospitalizations.","authors":"Madeline H Meier, Haley M Hummel, Matt L Miller","doi":"10.15288/jsad.23-00379","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.23-00379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine trends in cannabis-related hospital visits in Arizona from 2016 to 2021 and associations with hospital visits for a mental health condition.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were emergency department and inpatient hospital discharge records from all Arizona licensed hospitals from 2016 to 2021. Records comprised 18,758,614 hospital visits. Cannabis-related visits were defined by International Classification of Diseases (ICD) diagnostic codes for cannabis use (unspecified use, abuse, dependence) or poisoning. Mental health visits were defined by ICD diagnostic codes for mental health conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rate of cannabis-related hospital visits increased from 1,301.50 per 100,000 visits in 2016 to 1,565.54 per 100,000 visits in 2021, a 20% increase. The increase was larger for visits by adolescents and older adults ages 65+: 63.94% and 84.45%, respectively. Cannabis-related visits were 7.75 (95% CI [7.69, 7.81]) times as likely as visits unrelated to cannabis to have a mental health condition as the primary diagnosis from 2016 to 2021 and were 2.32 (95% CI [2.30, 2.34]) times as likely after adjustment for covariates, including alcohol and other substance-related diagnoses. The association between cannabis-related visits and mental health-related visits increased each year, particularly for older adults ages 65+.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rate of cannabis-related hospital visits is increasing, as is the cannabis-related risk of a hospital visit for a mental health condition. The increases are especially pronounced among hospital visits by older adults (ages 65+), highlighting the need for prevention and intervention in this under-recognized at-risk group.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"436-445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irresponsibility Stereotypes Exacerbate Effects of Sexual Violence on Cisgender Bisexual Women's Coping Drinking Motives.","authors":"Selime R Salim, Prachi H Bhuptani, Emily Tilstra-Ferrell, Christine Hahn, Terri L Messman","doi":"10.15288/jsad.23-00407","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.23-00407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Bisexual women experience disparities in alcohol use outcomes compared with both lesbian and heterosexual women. Bisexual women also experience higher rates of sexual violence and alcohol use following sexual violence. We examined whether coping drinking motives explain the link between adult sexual violence severity and alcohol use and whether dimensions of binegativity (i.e., hostility, instability, irresponsibility) moderate the effects of sexual violence.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The sample consisted of 355 young (ages 18-35) cisgender bisexual women drinkers (mean age = 25.8, 84.2% White) recruited via MTurk. Measures included the Sexual Experiences Survey-Short Form Victimization, Anti-Bisexual Experiences Scale, Modified Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised, and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption subscale. The PROCESS macro for SPSS was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was an interaction between sexual violence severity and irresponsibility stereotypes in predicting coping motives. Sexual violence severity related to greater coping motives at mean and high, but not low, levels of irresponsibility stereotypes. Indirect effects of sexual violence severity on alcohol use via coping motives were significant at mean and high, but not low, levels of irresponsibility stereotypes. Hostility and instability dimensions of binegativity did not interact with sexual violence severity in predicting coping motives.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results identified sexual violence severity and irresponsibility stereotypes as compounding experiences that may explain greater alcohol use. Bisexual women exposed to this dimension of binegativity may be particularly vulnerable to drinking alcohol to cope with distress following sexual violence. Interventions for alcohol use may be enhanced by helping bisexual women cope with sexual violence-related distress and irresponsibility stereotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"455-460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parenteral Buprenorphine for Opioid Withdrawal: A Case Series.","authors":"Anthony Spadaro, Julia Nath, Travis Mok, Clement Chen, Lewis Nelson, Cynthia Santos","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00099","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Buprenorphine is the standard of care for the treatment of opioid withdrawal. However, when sublingual (SL) administration is not appropriate or practical, parenteral administration by the intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) route may be a reasonable substitute. Although buprenorphine was previously used intravenously for the treatment of pain, current practitioners have limited experience with its parenteral use.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This is a case series using a retrospective chart review of patients at an urban public hospital who received IV or IM buprenorphine for the treatment of opioid withdrawal. A query of the electronic health record was performed to identify patients who had received IV or IM buprenorphine from January 2020 to December 2021. Charts were reviewed for patient demographics, medical history, substance use history, urine drug screens, clinical scenario, indication for parenteral buprenorphine, dose of buprenorphine, vital sign trends, and any measure of change in withdrawal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight patients were identified. The most frequent initial dose of parenteral buprenorphine was 0.3 mg, and if buprenorphine needed to be re-dosed, it was most commonly administered every 6 hours. The most common indications for use were delirium or intractable nausea and vomiting related to opioid withdrawal. Withdrawal improved in six of the eight cases and often allowed for subsequent use of SL buprenorphine. There were no adverse effects identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parenteral buprenorphine was successfully used to treat opioid withdrawal in a select group of patients. Further studies are needed to identify the optimal use parameters of parenteral buprenorphine.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"410-415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Expanding Direct-to-Consumer Alcohol Home Delivery Policies: Evidence From 18 States of Increases in Alcohol Use and Consequences.","authors":"Jimikaye B Courtney, McKenna Roudebush, Rebecca S Williams, Melissa J Cox, Kurt M Ribisl","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00273","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>After the COVID-19 pandemic onset, several U.S. states passed legislation to begin or expand direct-to-consumer (DTC) alcohol home delivery. We examined changes in DTC use and associations between DTC use, drinking patterns, and negative consequences by different DTC policies.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective survey of 5,360 U.S. adults who consumed alcohol (ages 21-62 years), using an online Qualtrics survey panel. Participants were recruited from 18 states representing four DTC policy groupings pertaining to on- and off-premises outlets (no DTC, no change in existing DTC policy, new DTC policy, expanded DTC policy). DTC use and drinking patterns (average drinks/week, binge drinking days/month) were self-reported for four pandemic-related periods at pre- (2019-February 2020), early (March-May 2020), mid- (June 2020-March 2021), and late pandemic (April 2021-October 2023). Participants self-reported the total number of negative drinking consequences (out of 17) they experienced during the entire pandemic. Multivariate regressions examined time and policy group predicting DTC use, time and DTC use predicting drinking patterns, and DTC use and drinks/week predicting negative consequences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to adults in states with no delivery, odds of DTC use were highest among adults in states that expanded DTC policies (odds ratio [OR] = 2.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.78, 2.50]). DTC use was associated with consuming approximately 4.43 (<i>p</i> < .001) more average drinks per week, more binge days per month (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.33, 95% CI [1.27, 1.39]), and more negative consequences (IRR = 1.28, 95% CI [1.17, 1.39]), controlling for current drinking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that expanding DTC delivery policies increased alcohol accessibility, and DTC use was associated with increases in excessive alcohol use and consequences. Such data can inform future decisions about states' DTC alcohol policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"330-339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related Changes in Past-Month Alcohol, Cannabis, and Simultaneous Use in a Statewide Sample of Young Adults in Washington State.","authors":"Anne M Fairlie, Brian H Calhoun, Charles B Fleming, Miranda L M Delawalla, Griselda Martinez, Max A Halvorson, Isaac C Rhew, Jason R Kilmer, Katarina Guttmannova","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00065","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>It is unknown whether age-related decreases in substance use (maturing out) are observed in the legalized cannabis context. This study evaluated age-related changes in past-month alcohol use frequency, cannabis use frequency, and any simultaneous alcohol and marijuana/cannabis (SAM) use among young adults who engaged in the respective substance use behavior.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Young adults residing in Washington State at enrollment (<i>N</i> = 6,509; 68.3% female; ages 18-25) provided 3-5 years of annual data in a longitudinal, cohort-sequential design from 2015 to 2019, a period after nonmedical cannabis was legalized and implemented. Multilevel growth models were conducted; poststratification weights were applied to make the sample more similar to the Washington young adult general population in demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among those who reported alcohol use at one or more time points, days of alcohol use increased from age 18 to approximately age 25 and then decreased until age 30. Among those who reported cannabis use at one or more time points, days of cannabis use increased from age 18 until approximately age 23 and then decreased until age 30. Among those who reported SAM use at one or more time points, the probability of SAM use increased from age 18 until approximately age 24 and then decreased until age 30. Age-related changes in SAM use were largely explained by concurrent changes in alcohol and cannabis use frequency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Maturing out was observed for alcohol, cannabis, and SAM use among those who used each respective substance, with evidence that age-related changes in SAM use were tied to alcohol and cannabis use frequency.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"367-377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}