Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs最新文献

{"title":"\"Do you guys tell anybody?\": Exploring allocation and implementation of opioid settlement funds and reduced access to health vending machines for people who use drugs.","authors":"Ashleigh N Herrera, Sid S Ganesh, Presleigh Beshirs, Bradley T Conner, Peter Davidson, Ricky N Bluthenthal","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.25-00466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined how county-level decision-making shaped implementation and accessibility of an opioid-settlement-funded health vending machine (HVM) in California.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted approximately 250 hours of ethnographic fieldwork and qualitative interviews with 17 HVM users. Using constructivist grounded theory, we analyzed the data to explore how structural and political dynamics influenced program awareness and engagement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three themes emerged: (1) county leadership placed the HVM in a low-visibility location to minimize anticipated political and organizational backlash to harm reduction; (2) additional implementation decisions, including minimal signage and a high-barrier registration model further limited awareness and engagement; and (3) these overlapping barriers constrained participants' ability to obtain health supplies, undermining the intervention's ability to achieve its goals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Structural constraints, agency-level discretion, and fears of political and social backlash significantly reduced the effectiveness of an opioid-settlement-funded HVM. Even when funds are allocated for evidence-based strategies, implementation shaped by stigma or risk aversion may restrict access for people who use drugs. Transparent processes, accountability, and meaningful community involvement are essential to ensure settlement investments advance their goals of reducing overdose and infectious disease harms.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective Tests of the Acquired Preparedness Model for Alcohol and Cannabis Supports Between-Person Associations Among Veterans.","authors":"Benjamin L Berey, Rachel L Gunn, Elizabeth R Aston, Brian Borsari, Jane Metrik","doi":"10.15288/jsad.26-00019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.26-00019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Acquired Preparedness Model (APM) theorizes that psychosocial learning is a mechanism linking impulsive personality traits to various risky behaviors. Prior research on acquired preparedness has predominantly examined between-person associations, enrolled civilian samples, and focused on one behavior (e.g., alcohol use). This secondary analysis used three waves of biannual survey data to test temporal relations among impulsivity, alcohol and cannabis use expectancies, and quantity/frequency among Veterans deployed post-9/11/2001.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Veterans reporting lifetime cannabis use (N=361) completed measures of urgency (UPPS-P), alcohol and cannabis use expectancies, and past-month alcohol and cannabis frequency and quantity at baseline, 6 and 12-months. Four separate Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Models tested between- and within-person associations among urgency, alcohol/cannabis expectancies, and alcohol/cannabis use frequency or quantity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within persons, 6-month alcohol or cannabis expectancies did not mediate associations between baseline urgency and 12-month alcohol or cannabis use indices. Urgency was not associated with positive alcohol or cannabis expectancies at any assessment. Between persons, urgency was associated with more positive alcohol and cannabis expectancies. Positive expectancies were associated with higher use frequency and quantity across both substances, whereas negative expectancies were associated with lower cannabis use frequency and quantity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Acquired preparedness may be more applicable to predicting alcohol and cannabis use behaviors between rather than within Veterans over time. Future research should consider how sociocultural factors may impact acquired preparedness among Veterans, and whether these processes unfold differently in relation to substance use outcomes during shorter time periods and across unique developmental stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Cigarettes: Cannabis Co-Use, ART Adherence, and Psychosocial Burden Among People With HIV Enrolled in a Smoking Cessation Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Bethany Shorey Fennell, Charles E Hoogland, Cherell Cottrell-Daniels, Thanh C Bui, Steven K Sutton, Lokesh Shahani, Michael S Businelle, Ya-Chen Tina Shih, Prerak P Shukla, Jennifer I Vidrine, Damon J Vidrine","doi":"10.15288/jsad.26-00088","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.26-00088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cannabis co-use is common among people with HIV (PWH) who smoke cigarettes yet is infrequently measured in smoking cessation trials. We report the relationship of baseline co-use status, HIV-related variables, and factors associated with tobacco treatment success (e.g., psychosocial characteristics) among PWH enrolled in an ongoing RCT evaluating a tailored app-based smoking cessation treatment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>U.S. adults who smoked ≥5 cigarettes per day and were willing to set a quit date were recruited nationally online and via community-based HIV clinics in Florida. At baseline, HIV-related variables, socio-demographics, psychosocial characteristics, tobacco use history, cannabis use history and modality, and other substance use were assessed. Participants were classified as co-using at baseline if they reported using any form of cannabis in the past 30 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants who co-used cannabis (n=142, 28%) vs. did not (n=370, 72%) were more likely to be younger, Black, lesbian, gay, or bisexual, live in a household with another person who smokes, use other combustible tobacco products, report other recreational drug use in the past year, and have higher self-reported health. Compared to participants who did not use cannabis, co-use participants more often reported missed doses of ART in the past month (53% vs. 37%), loss of appetite or change in the taste of food (48% vs. 38%), frequent alcohol use, financial strain, loneliness, discrimination, and better perceived general health (<i>p</i> values < .05). They frequently reported blunt use and same-occasion cannabis and tobacco use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Study findings indicate that PWH who co-use experience elevated behavioral and psychosocial risk factors associated with reduced smoking cessation success and worse HIV-related outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Cost Alcohol Products Account for a Disproportionate Share of Privatized Off-Premises Alcohol Sales Across 42 U.S. States.","authors":"Doris G Gammon, Mary Catharine McKeithen, Jennifer Gaber, Marissa B Esser, Gregory Leung, Katherine J Karriker-Jaffe","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00163","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.25-00163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We assessed alcohol product availability, sales, and prices among privatized off-premises alcohol sales in 42 U.S. states and quantified sales among lower-priced products.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used NielsenIQ weekly retail scanner data from 28 license states (where alcohol sales are privatized) and 14 control states (where alcohol sales are partially privatized and partially government controlled, e.g., for distilled spirits)-collectively representing privatized off-premises alcohol sales in 42 U.S. states from November 11, 2018, to November 4, 2023. We descriptively analyzed the latest year (November 2022-November 2023) of alcohol product availability (number of unique products), standard drink price, and standard drink sales, and compared these with estimates from the earliest year (November 2018-November 2019). We quantified the sales market share of products priced at or below $0.50, $0.75, and $1.00 per standard drink.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, product availability increased from 2018-2019 to 2022-2023 among all alcohol types, ranging from +7.4% (beer) to +67.0% (ready-to-drink beverages [RTDs]), whereas sales decreased for beer (-8.0%) and wine (-10.7%) and increased for spirits (+7.4% [license states only]) and RTDs (+68.6%). The average price paid for a standard drink remained less than $2.00 through 2023. During 2022-2023, in license states, 57.4% of spirits sales were $1.00 or less per standard drink; across all states, 23.3% of beer sales (13.0% of beer products), 28.7% of wine sales (7.4% of wine products), and 18.4% of RTDs sales (24.0% of RTDs products) were $1.00 or less per standard drink.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among 42 U.S. states, a substantial share of alcohol sales was from lower-priced products.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"718-726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145756980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limited Evidence on Cannabis Taxation Effects in the United States: A Rapid Review of Use, Purchasing, and Risk Perceptions.","authors":"Melissa Ponce, Kara R Skelton","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00400","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.25-00400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The global cannabis policy landscape has changed dramatically in recent decades. In the United States, there is significant variation in cannabis tax structures, and there is limited consensus on how to implement cannabis tax policy to mitigate related harms. Therefore, the objective of this rapid review was to synthesize current evidence on the impact of cannabis taxation on purchasing behavior, use, and risk perceptions among U.S. adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We systematically searched for peer-reviewed studies published in English (2014-present) in PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. Two reviewers independently screened all relevant articles for eligibility using Covidence software. Out of the 1,342 references identified, 1,337 were not eligible for inclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The five included studies examined excise taxes on cannabis. Outcomes measured across the studies included cannabis use, cannabis demand, purchasing patterns, and perceptions. The data sources ranged from participant-level to state-level to nationally representative. One study found a negative association between taxes and past-30-day cannabis use, although it was statistically insignificant. A higher cannabis tax was linked to a decrease in cannabis demand. Another study demonstrated evidence of consumer stockpiling and increased cross-border substitution in response to higher cannabis tax rates. In terms of perceptions, policymakers rated taxes as a highly efficacious public health tool, and cannabis users viewed taxation as an important factor in their purchase decisions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The limited number of articles identified in this rapid review highlights the need for future studies to better understand consumer behavior and inform policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"727-738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual Neurobiological Heterogeneity and Demographic Concentration as Compounding Validity Threats in Cannabis-Aging Neuroimaging Research.","authors":"Thorsten Rudroff","doi":"10.15288/jsad.26-00170","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.26-00170","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"752-753"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, Regional, and National Age-Sex-Specific Burden of Alcohol-Related Diseases, 1990-2021: A Comprehensive Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","authors":"Xifeng Liang, Yaning Lyu, Jing Li, Chenghong Yin, Cheng Chi","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00259","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.25-00259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The burden of alcohol-related disease is substantial and varies across regions, age, and sexes. This study used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data to estimate the burden, with emphasis on changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study analyzed trends in prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized DALYs of alcohol-related diseases (alcohol use disorder [AUD], cirrhosis attributable to alcohol, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, and liver cancer due to alcohol use) across sex, age groups (adolescents, young adults, women of childbearing age, the working-age population, the elderly), and sociodemographic index levels using annual percentage change and average annual percentage change.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, the prevalence of AUD increased by 31.44%, whereas the ASPR declined by 0.78% annually. China, India, and the United States bore the higher burden. The prevalence of cirrhosis due to alcohol increased by 73.69%, alcoholic cardiomyopathy increased by 48.24%, and liver cancer due to alcohol use also increased. Working-age populations had the largest absolute numbers of cirrhosis due to alcohol and alcoholic cardiomyopathy, whereas the elderly had higher ASMR of liver cancer due to alcohol use. Following 2019, improvements in most alcohol-related diseases decelerated, particularly in the working-age population, potentially influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study emphasizes the urgent need for targeted policies on alcohol-related diseases, especially for vulnerable groups, considering regional, socioeconomic, and timely interventions to reduce the long-term health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"642-654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145724121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional Associations Between Vaping and Changing Eating to Manage Weight and Shape in Canadian Adolescents.","authors":"Salony Sharma, Kristen M Lucibello, Mahmood Gohari, Adam G Cole, Scott T Leatherdale, Karen A Patte","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00182","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.25-00182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Vaping among adolescents has surged in recent years, underscoring the need to identify intentions and motivating factors behind vaping. Although weight management behaviors have been associated with vaping, the largely cross-sectional evidence precludes understanding of how these behaviors may relate to and reinforce each other over time. This study explored the bidirectional associations between vaping and changed eating to manage weight and shape over 3 years of adolescence.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Adolescents from the Cannabis, Obesity, Mental Health, Physical Activity, Alcohol, Smoking, and Sedentary Behaviour (COMPASS) Study (<i>N</i> = 8,960, <i>M</i> age = 13.8 [<i>SD</i> = 1.1], 55.5% cisgender girls) completed self-report surveys annually for 3 years (Time 1 [T1] = 2020/2021, T2 = 2021/2022, T3 = 2022/2023). Data were analyzed using random-intercept cross-lagged panel models with full information maximum likelihood.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increases in vaping were observed over time (20.9% at T1, 40.0% at T3), and 30% of adolescents changed their eating habits to manage their weight/shape each year. Weak but significant associations were generally observed, such that cisgender girls who changed their eating to manage weight/shape engaged in more vaping the following year (beta_T1-T2 = .05; beta_T2-T3 = .05). Conversely, cisgender girls and boys with a higher vaping frequency reported more days of changing eating to manage weight/shape 1 year later (beta_T1-T2 = .02 and .04, beta_T2-T3 = .05 and .06).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The bidirectional relationship between vaping and weight-related eating behaviors underscores the value of addressing these habits as interconnected behaviors, informing the development of targeted public health policies, preventative measures, and intervention strategies to support health and reduce the adoption of vaping among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"775-782"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifetime Drinking Patterns Shape Awareness of Alcohol-Related Chronic Disease Risks in U.S. Adults: Findings From the National Alcohol Survey.","authors":"Priscilla Martinez-Matyszczyk, Won Kim Cook, William C Kerr","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00435","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Understanding the relationship between people's lifetime alcohol use and their awareness of the risk of common chronic diseases from alcohol use is important for informing health messaging efforts. This article aimed to (a) assess the level of awareness that alcohol use increases the risk of cancer, diabetes, and hypertension, and (b) examine the association between lifetime drinking patterns and levels of awareness.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used data from the 2019-2020 National Alcohol Survey that included awareness that cancer, hypertension, and diabetes could result from drinking too much alcohol (yes/no/unsure), past-year alcohol use, and lifetime alcohol use operationalized as peak lifetime drinking pattern and ever having two or more symptoms of alcohol use disorder. We conducted multinomial regressions to examine associations between lifetime alcohol use and awareness of alcohol as a risk factor for each health outcome, controlling for past-year use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 42.1% acknowledged the link between alcohol use and cancer, 52.2% between alcohol use and diabetes, and 61.3% between alcohol use and hypertension. Nearly all peak lifetime drinking pattern levels were associated with a lower likelihood of awareness of the alcohol-cancer link. Conversely, nearly all levels were associated with a higher likelihood of awareness of the link between alcohol use and hypertension, and only one level was associated with awareness of the alcohol-diabetes link.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Awareness of alcohol's effects on chronic diseases varies by type of disease. Lifetime alcohol use is a relevant factor for understanding levels of awareness of alcohol's health effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"669-681"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12890244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145998463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifetime Cannabis Use Is Associated With Brain Volume and Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.","authors":"Anika Guha, Zening Fu, Vince Calhoun, Kent E Hutchison","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00346","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.25-00346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cannabis use has increased among older adults, yet the neurocognitive effects in this demographic remain unclear. Prior work has suggested that cannabis may increase brain volume in areas rich in cannabinoid (CB1) receptors, although negative effects are often reported in adolescents. This study sought to clarify the relationship between cannabis use and brain health among middle-aged and older adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using data from the UK Biobank, which includes health information from more than 500,000 adults, associations between cannabis use, regional brain volume, and cognition in participants ages 40-69 years (mean age = 54.5) were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lifetime cannabis use was positively associated with regional brain volume in CB1-rich regions, including the caudate, putamen, hippocampus, and amygdala. Greater lifetime use was also linked to better performance in learning, processing speed, and short-term memory. Individuals reporting use limited to adolescence also showed larger regional volumes and better cognitive performance than nonusers. Sex differences in cannabis effects on brain volume and cognition were also observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results highlight that cannabis may influence brain health differently across the life span, potentially offering protective effects in older age while posing risks earlier in development. Protective effects may result from endocannabinoid-mediated modulation of inflammation, immune function, and neurodegeneration. Observed sex differences likely reflect variation in the endocannabinoid system and underscore the importance of considering sex as a biological variable in studies of cannabis and brain health.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":"739-751"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12889878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145724165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}