Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs最新文献

{"title":"Policy Surveillance Shows Improvements and Remaining Gaps in U.S. Campus Alcohol and Sexual Violence Policies.","authors":"Alice M Ellyson, Avanti Adhia, Lisa DiMascolo, Justin Heinze, Kiana Swearingen, Laura Fay, Frederick P Rivara, Jason R Kilmer, Michele A Bedard-Gilligan","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.24-00439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Alcohol use and sexual violence (SV) commonly co-occur, and alcohol availability and consumption on college campuses contributes to high SV prevalence. Higher education policies can impact student behavior but are not consistently documented over time. The goal of this study was to characterize higher education alcohol and SV policies.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study used policy surveillance and logistic regression to longitudinally study alcohol/SV policies among 54 university and college campuses as of March 15, 2024. Selected campuses participated in survey waves of the Healthy Minds Study from the 2018-2019 academic year (AY) to 2023-2024 AY. Policy text was collected, coded, and analyzed in four SV areas (scope, consent, alcohol, prevention education), and four alcohol use and distribution areas (how restrictions, when restrictions, where restrictions, evidence-based interventions).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SV policies addressing alcohol use increased from 76% of campuses in AY2018-2019 to 94% in AY2023-2024. More alcohol policies prohibited sharing and giving alcohol to cause harm, 11% in AY2018-2019 and 24% in AY2023-2024. Campuses were over two times more likely to articulate this restriction in later academic years. However, these differences were neither separately nor jointly significant. Campuses were around 1.5 times more likely to restrict sharing alcohol with individuals under the legal drinking age in all academic years relative to AY2018-2019, with significant shifts in AYs 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both alcohol and SV policies in higher education are evolving, but there are important improvements in policy text needed to further address both harmful alcohol use and SV.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximal Exposure to THC Vape Ads Is Associated with Event-Level Vaping Among Young Adults.","authors":"Graham T DiGuiseppi, Michael S Dunbar, Rachana Seelam, Anthony Rodriguez, Claude M Setodji, Elizabeth J D'Amico","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00087","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.25-00087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study used Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) and four years of survey data to examine whether history of cannabis advertising exposure in early young adulthood, and more proximal ad exposure, are associated with event-level THC vaping.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Young adults in California (N = 119) completed annual surveys in a longitudinal cohort study from 2018 to 2022 (ages 22-25) and participated in an EMA study on vaping in 2023 (ages 25-26). Annual surveys assessed cannabis advertising exposure, and EMA surveys assessed exposure to advertisements for THC vaping products, other cannabis product advertisements, and THC vaping. Multilevel logistic regression models examined associations between cannabis advertising exposure (from annual surveys and EMA surveys) and the likelihood of THC vaping at the event-level, controlling for demographics and prior cannabis and nicotine use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to THC vape product advertisements during the EMA period was associated with 1.96 higher odds of THC vaping (95% CI: 1.02-3.75) relative to non-exposure events. Greater exposure to cannabis product advertisements in previous survey waves (aOR = 1.13, 95% CI: 0.82-1.56) and exposure to other types of cannabis advertising during EMA surveys (aOR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.82-2.25) were not associated with THC vaping at the event-level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Proximal exposure to THC vaping ads may have a stronger association with THC vaping than proximal exposure to other cannabis advertisements, or young adults' prior history of cannabis advertising exposure. Results demonstrate the importance of assessing proximal advertising exposure when investigating THC vaping among young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12360411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investing in Infrastructure: A Mixed-Methods Cost Analysis of Implementation Strategies to Address Emerging Youth Drug Trends.","authors":"Andria Eisman, Jacob Whitman, Suzanne Brown, Erica Richardson, Christina Holmes, Tracy Robinson, Barry Schmidt, Eric Swihart, Bo Kim","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.25-00040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Schools engaged in prevention efforts struggle to respond quickly and effectively to changing drug use trends due to insufficient investment in infrastructure at local, state, and national levels. This results in preventable morbidity and mortality among adolescents. This study estimated the costs associated with implementing Rapid Adaptation to Prevent Drug use (RAPD), infrastructure-building implementation strategies, using mixed methods to optimize data collection feasibility, quality and support a comprehensive understanding of outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted semi-structured interviews in Step 1 (pre-pilot trial) to inform the initial cost data collection approach. During Step 2, we used activity-based costing, conducted sensitivity analysis, and estimated budget impacts of replication. Step 3 included interviews with pilot participants to contextualize the results and verify time reporting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-four school personnel participated in Step 1 interviews and four health coordinators and six teachers participated in the pilot study. We identified cost drivers and pragmatic constraints related to effective time-cost data collection and developed an activity-based costing data collection plan. The estimated costs for deploying RAPD (Step 2) were $6,215/school. We estimated the budget impact of replication to be $5,551/school with 52% of the cost during the pre-implementation phase. In Step 3 interviews participants identified financial and staffing resources as central challenges to infrastructure development.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study uses a mixed methods approach, including an exploratory sequential design, to proactively guide microcosting. By identifying potential barriers in advance, we enhanced the rigor and feasibility of our data collection process. The study offers preliminary cost estimates to deploy RAPD infrastructure-building strategies to address emerging drug trends and sustain prevention efforts.</p><p><strong>Public health significance statement: </strong>Building prevention infrastructure is essential in preventing the onset and escalation of substance use among youth. Implementation strategies are key in building robust implementation infrastructure for prevention. Estimating costs associated with infrastructure building strategies is vital in realizing the public health impact of prevention interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis Vaping in Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults.","authors":"Jack Chung, Carmen C W Lim, Janni Leung, Daniel Stjepanović, Vivian Chiu, Leanne Hides, Jason P Connor, Wayne Hall, Gary C K Chan","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.24-00464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The use of electronic vaporisers to deliver cannabis ('cannabis vaping') has increased rapidly among young people. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarise current evidence on the psychosocial characteristics of adolescents and young adults who vape cannabis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for original publications since 2003. We summarised and meta-analysed studies on adolescents (12-18 years) and young adults (19-34 years) that reported sociodemographic, mental health, and other substance use correlates of cannabis vaping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one studies from the U.S., Canada, England, New Zealand, and Switzerland met eligibility criteria (<i>n</i>=568,304): twenty-six on adolescents (12-18 years; <i>n</i>=554,934), five on young adults (19-34 years, <i>n</i>=13,370). Among adolescents who currently used cannabis (<i>n</i>=114,595), the odds of cannabis vaping were significantly higher in males than females (7 studies; pooled OR=1.79, 95%CI=1.38-2.34); in older than younger adolescents (3 studies; pooled OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.07-1.50), in adolescents who currently use tobacco (3 studies; pooled OR=1.62, 95%CI=1.11-2.36) or alcohol (3 studies; pooled OR=2.52, 95%CI=1.27-5.01), but significantly lower in non-Hispanic Blacks than Whites (4 studies; pooled OR=0.55, 95%CI=0.39-0.77). The relationship between adolescent cannabis vaping and mental health, and factors among young adults, was inconclusive due to insufficient studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents who were male, older, non-Hispanic White, and currently using alcohol or tobacco had higher odds of vaping cannabis. Findings highlighted the need to tailor prevention initiatives for these populations, and to conduct further research on the association between cannabis vaping and mental health disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144760462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability and Appropriateness of Harm Reduction Vending Machines Compared to Syringe Service Programs in Appalachian Kentucky.","authors":"Hannah K Knudsen, Jennifer R Havens, April M Young","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00120","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.25-00120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Many rural people who inject drugs do not use syringe service programs (SSPs). In addition, people who use drugs but do not inject may perceive SSPs are not intended for their use. Harm reduction vending machines (HRVMs) may be preferred by some individuals. This study examines attitudes and preference for HRVMs to consider possibilities for enhanced reach of harm reduction services.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Structured surveys were conducted with 712 people who use drugs in two rural Appalachian counties in Kentucky. Participants rated acceptability/appropriateness of SSPs and HRVM; HRVM preference was the difference between the two scales. Linear regression models estimated SSP acceptability/appropriateness, HRVM acceptability/appropriateness, and HRVM preference across five groups that were differentiated by the SSP use, injection, and syringe sharing behaviors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average ratings for acceptability/appropriateness of the SSP and HRVM were favorable (4.17 and 4.49, respectively, on a scale from 1 to 5), but HRVM acceptability was significantly higher (<i>t</i>=-14.21, <i>p</i><.001). Compared to the reference group, people who inject but do not share syringes or use the SSP (b=.240, <i>p</i><.01) and people who inject and share syringes without using the SSP (b=.402, <i>p</i><.001) had greater preference for HRVM than people who inject and use the SSP. People who did not inject had greater preference for HRVM (b=.383, <i>p</i><.001) than people who inject and use the SSP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HRVMs may engage people not currently using SSP services and those who use drugs without injecting, thus expanding the reach of harm reduction services, particularly in rural areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12498109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144760461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LGBTQ+-Targeted Alcohol Marketing in a Midwestern US City: Retail Practices That May Reinforce Health Disparities.","authors":"Alysha C Ennis, Monica Stanwick, Caroline Willett, Kyle Bader, Emma Jankowski, Elle Elson, Ashley Meadows, Grace Turk, Hayley Curran, Joanne G Patterson","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.24-00318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In the United States (US), lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) populations experience alcohol use-related disparities, which may be affected by targeted marketing by the alcohol industry. In this study, we assessed point-of-sale (POS) LGBTQ+ culturally targeted (CT) marketing strategies used by alcohol companies and alcohol retailers in a Midwestern US city to inform future studies examining the effect of CT alcohol marketing on perceptions and use among LGBTQ+ adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>During June 2023, researchers audited 24 stores in neighborhoods that anecdotally serve LGBTQ+ communities in Columbus, Ohio. Each retailer was audited twice. Data captured in photographs taken during audits of alcohol displays and products were coded and analyzed by research staff using a priori codes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four retailers were audited, and 14 (58.0%) offered LGBTQ+-CT alcoholic products. Among these 14, 64.3% (n=9) featured a Pride-themed display that included alcohol. \"Pride/proud\" was the most prominently used descriptor in displays (53.5%) and products (55.6%). All displays and products used rainbow or Pride flag imagery. Brand partnerships were also featured by displays (22.3%) and products (33.3%). Alcohol products were often described as \"fruity\" (26.7%) and \"limited edition\" (26.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>POS targeted marketing is still prevalent in the digital age. Alcohol brands use POS marketing strategies that may reinforce health disparities within and among LGBTQ+ communities. Given the history of targeted marketing used on this demographic, regulatory bodies should consider how LGBTQ+ targeted alcohol may disproportionately impact alcohol use and alcohol-related health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144760464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generational Differences in Tobacco Use Patterns: Results from Wave 6 (2021) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (United States).","authors":"Courtney T Blondino, Fernanda Moya Quezada, Caitlyn Hall, Ronaldo T Williams, James S Clifford","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.25-00115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cigarette use has declined over the last decade, yet electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) have gained popularity in younger individuals. Though differences in age have been established, it is unclear if there are generational differences in ENDS and cigarette use patterns. The objective of this study was to describe tobacco use patterns by generation and examine factors associated with these patterns.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study utilized data from the sixth wave of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (PATH) (N = 25,199). Adjusted multinomial logistic regression models were used to test the association of factors including demographics, tobacco use characteristics, and social influences with the tobacco use patterns by generation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Generation X had the highest CIG-exclusive use (32.1%) while Generation Z led in ENDS-exclusive use (13.5%). Millennials showed the highest dual use of cigarettes and ENDs (6.4%). Except for Baby Boomers, there were decreased odds of ENDS and dual use when ENDS were perceived as about the same or more harmful compared to cigarettes. Social media demonstrated a protective effect against CIG use for Generation Z (AOR=0.51, 95% CI=0.35-0.74) and Generation X (AOR=0.80, 95% CI=0.64-0.99). Social influences had strong effects on use across all generations specifically when important people in the participants' lives used a product, the odds of them using the same product increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tobacco use patterns differed by generations. These findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions to address generational-specific tobacco use behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144760463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restricting Tobacco Poster Advertising Space at Retail Point of Sale Reduces Some Young Adults' Susceptibility to Future Cigarette Smoking.","authors":"Claude M Setodji, Michael Dunbar, Steven C Martino, Jody Cs Wong, Maggie Hieber, Desmond Jenson, William G Shadel","doi":"10.15288/jsad.25-00097","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.25-00097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Posters that advertise tobacco products in point-of-sale (POS) retail environments have a significant influence on youth smoking risk. This study experimentally examined how restricting poster coverage space in a retail POS setting affects young adults' future susceptibility to cigarette smoking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Young adult participants (N = 288) shopped in the RAND StoreLab (RSL), a life-sized replica of a convenience store, under one of two experimental conditions: 1) high coverage poster space (the status quo, featuring 16 tobacco posters displayed as usual), and 2) low coverage poster space, which halved the number of displayed posters. After shopping in the RSL, participants completed measures assessing their susceptibility to future smoking. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of experimental condition on the likelihood of future smoking susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Restricting poster coverage at POS was associated with a significant reduction in future susceptibility to cigarette smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05-0.90, p = .035) among young adults with high past month breadth of exposure to cigarette advertising in the past month. Restricting poster coverage did not have an impact on young adults with low levels of past month breadth of cigarette advertising exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reducing poster space at POS can effectively influence certain segments of the young adult population. These results suggest that policies aimed at decreasing smoking advertisements in retail environments may help reduce smoking intentions among young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removing Price Discounts from the Tobacco Retail Environment: Effects on College Students' Risk of Using Smokeless Tobacco, Little Cigars, and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Devices.","authors":"William G Shadel, Claude M Setodji, Steven C Martino, Michael S Dunbar, Desmond Jenson, Jody Cs Wong, Abigail Torbatian","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00432","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsad.24-00432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The tobacco industry strives to keep product prices low through providing consumer-focused discounts (e.g., coupons) that can be applied at retail locations. Local communities have responded by prohibiting the distribution and/or redemption of coupons at retail locations, yet evidence that this policy diminishes product purchases and use intentions is lacking. The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate whether elimination of price discounts from retail locations influences use intentions for smokeless tobacco, little cigars/cigarillos (LCCs), and electronic cigarettes (ENDS) in young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 298 college students recruited from the community. They participated in a simulated shopping task in the RAND StoreLab, a life-sized replica of a mid-sized convenience store. They were randomized into one of two conditions: Price discounts present (store tobacco posters displayed price discount information) or price discounts absent (no price discount information displayed on posters). The dependent measure was post-shopping intentions to use smokeless tobacco, LCCs, and ENDS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to the price discounts absent condition led to a lower susceptibility of using smokeless tobacco compared to exposure to the price discounts present condition (aOR = 0.48 [95% CI, 0.23, 0.98]). Experimental condition was not related to LCC use susceptibility (aOR = 1.46 [95% CI, 0.70, 3.03]) or to ENDS use susceptibility (aOR = 0.89 [95% CI, 0.40, 1.95]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results support eliminating tobacco discounts from retail locations, at least for reducing college students' desire to use some tobacco products.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12288586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and usability of a mobile application developed to moderate alcohol use in real time.","authors":"Ahmad A Kittaneh, Natasha K Sidhu, Jackson T Jin, Samantha G Cassidy, William V Lechner","doi":"10.15288/jsad.24-00331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.24-00331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to adverse consequences including physical and mental health problems. While there are many empirically supported cognitive and behavioral therapies for alcohol use disorder, the most widely available in person treatments focus on abstinence rather than moderation. Moderation strategies are historically less common and are typically reported to be less effective, despite moderation being a common primary goal. Additionally, most individuals with alcohol related problems will never seek formal assistance from a healthcare provider. Technology-delivered interventions that focus on moderation strategies address several treatment needs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We developed and tested the initial efficacy and usability of a mobile application focused on improving alcohol moderation via real time pacing of consumption. Participants (n=59) were randomized to use the experimental application, or conversely, moderation strategies proposed by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism including a drink tracking card. Participants provided follow-up data regarding their alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences over a fourteen-day period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample reported statistically significant and clinically meaningful reductions in alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences. However, the effect of experimental condition was not significant. Additionally, participants reported descriptive feedback regarding their user experience. Participants' ratings revealed significantly lower satisfaction and ease of understanding of the experimental application as compared to participant's ratings of their use of the drink tracking card in the control condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicate specific revisions to the design and further evaluation of barriers to successful moderation to increase the efficacy of the mobile application examined.</p><p><p>The current study provided initial evidence of the effectiveness of a mobile application aiming to moderate alcohol use. These findings can inform future studies aiming to provide mobile application interventions to individuals wanting immediate assistance to moderate their use without the help of a healthcare professional.</p>","PeriodicalId":17159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}