Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research最新文献

{"title":"Comparing Anthropometric and Performance Test Results Across Playing Levels and Evaluating Their Correlation With Game Performance in Women's Collegiate Basketball.","authors":"Alp Aslan Uysal, Michael Henry Stone, Kevin Carroll, Tristan Faust","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Uysal, AA, Stone, MH, Carroll, K, and Faust, T. Comparing anthropometric and performance test results across playing levels and evaluating their correlation with game performance in women's collegiate basketball. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-This research was an investigation of the relationship between body composition, athletic performance test results, and basketball game performance in women's NCAA Division 1 guards. The study also compared anthropometric and athletic performance test results between women's NCAA Division 1 and women's NAIA guards. Forty female subjects were selected retrospectively, including 21 NCAA Division 1 and 19 NAIA basketball guards. Countermovement jump (CMJ) and isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) force-time metrics were analyzed as athletic performance test results. Body mass index, body mass, body fat ratio, fat-free mass (FFM), and height were analyzed as anthropometric parameters. Basketball game performance metrics included minutes per game, points per game, rebounds per game, and playing efficiency (EFF). Pearson correlation analyses and independent samples t tests were used for statistical analysis. No statistically significant relationship was found between any of the athletic performance test results and game performance (p > 0.05). Statistically significant correlations were found between FFM and EFF (p = 0.030, r = 0.475), and FFM with rebounds per minute (p = 0.042, r = 0.447). NCAA Division 1 guards had significantly higher FFM (p = 0.006) and lower body fat ratio (p = 0.003), significantly higher CMJ height (p = 0.003), peak power (p = 0.015), mean propulsive force (p = 0.006), braking rate of force development (p = 0.026), and modified reactive strength index (p < 0.001) than NAIA guards. No statistically significant differences were found in IMTP performance between groups (p > 0.05). Basketball strength and conditioning coaches should consider focusing on improving force production at high movement velocities, while also maintaining a high muscle mass-to-body fat ratio in female collegiate guards.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Nightly Electronic Device Restriction and Morning Bright Light on Sleep, Mood, and Performance Among Elite Athletes.","authors":"Masako Hoshikawa","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Hoshikawa, M. Effects of nightly electronic device restriction and morning bright light on sleep, mood, and performance among elite athletes. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-This study aimed to evaluate whether restriction of electronic device use before bedtime and morning bright-light exposure influences sleep, sleepiness, mood, and performance parameters among elite athletes. Twenty-five elite athletes (24 international level and 1 national level) were divided into 2 groups: with (INT; n = 12) and without (CON; n = 13) intervention. The INT turned off their electronic devices 30 minutes before bedtime and were exposed to morning bright light (approximately 10,000 lux) for 20 minutes after waking. Their nocturnal sleep parameters, Karolinska sleepiness scale, subjective sleep quality, fatigue, and heart rate immediately after waking were monitored every morning for 2 weeks. The Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) score, Profile of Mood States (POMS) vigor and fatigue scores, reaction time, isometric grip strength, squat jump (SJ) height, rebound jump (RJ) height, RJ index, and heart rate during aerobic exercise were evaluated before and after the 2-week period. The RJ index was calculated as RJ height (m)/ground contact time (sec). For the INT, POMS vigor score (p < 0.001), reaction time (p = 0.016), RJ height (p = 0.001), and RJ index (p < 0.001) improved without any change in sleep parameters. The improvements in ESS score and SJ height seemed to be greater in the INT group, but the interactions did not reach a significant level (p < 0.10). No statistically significant interaction was observed in the exercise heart rate and isometric grip strength. Two weeks of 30 minutes nighttime electronic device restriction and 20 minutes morning bright-light exposure improved mood and some performance parameters among elite athletes. However, the intervention did not change athletes' sleep parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Hydration Status on Sleep and Recovery After Heavy Resistance Exercise.","authors":"Yasuki Sekiguchi, Nigel C Jiwan, Casey R Appell, Ruben M Moya, Alan T Ky, Marcos S Keefe, Ryan A Dunn, Hui-Ying Luk","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Sekiguchi, Y, Jiwan, NC, Appell, CR, Moya, RM, Ky, AT, Keefe, MS, Dunn, RA, and Luk, H-Y. Impact of hydration status on sleep and recovery after heavy resistance exercise. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of hydration status on sleep and recovery measurements before and after heavy resistance exercise (RE). Eight resistance-trained men (age, 21 ± 2 years; body mass, 82.0 ± 12.6 kg; height, 177.3 ± 6.9 cm) performed bilateral leg press and knee extensions (5 sets of 10 repetitions at 80% of 1 repetition maximum, 2 minutes rest). Participants completed 1 trial in a euhydrated state (EUH; urine specific gravity [USG] < 1.020) and the other trial in a dehydrated state (DEH: USG ≥ 1.020), which was separated by 2 weeks. For the DEH trial, participants were restricted from consuming fluids for 24 hours before RE and were only permitted to drink 1.5 L of water after RE for the remainder of the day. For the EUH trial, participants were instructed to consume fluid for 24 hours before and 24 hours after RE to maintain euhydration. Sleep and recovery measurements were collected from a wearable sleep device that participants wore the night before (PRE) and after RE (POST). Repeated measures ANOVAs and linear mixed effect models were used to identify differences between EUH and DEH. Plasma osmolality, urine osmolality, USG, urine color, and body mass loss (p < 0.05) were significantly higher in DEH than in EUH. However, there were no differences between EUH and DEH in sleep duration, efficiency, disturbance, deprivation, slow wave sleep, rapid eye movement sleep, light sleep, awaking time, resting heart rate, and heart rate variability. In conclusion, acute dehydration might not affect sleep and recovery measurements the night before and after heavy resistance exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optic Flow Speed During Running in a Virtual Reality Affects Perceived Time but Not Perceived Fatigue in Male Endurance Athletes.","authors":"Matthias Weippert, Florian Husmann, Martin Schlegel, Sven Bruhn, Frank Feldhege, Anett Mau-Moeller, Martin Behrens","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Weippert, M, Husmann, F, Schlegel, M, Bruhn, S, Feldhege, F, Mau-Moeller, A, and Behrens, M. Optic flow speed during running in a virtual reality affects perceived time but not perceived fatigue in male endurance athletes. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-Visual feedback is directly linked to physical effort and performance in human locomotion. In this study, the effect of optic flow (OF) speed of a virtual environment during treadmill running on perceived fatigue, its potential determinants, time to exhaustion (TTE), and time perception were investigated. After familiarization, 10 endurance athletes (peak oxygen uptake: 64.6 ± 4.6 ml·min-1·kg-1) performed 2 running sessions at a speed of 90% peak oxygen uptake until exhaustion (randomized, single-blinded crossover design): treadmill-matched OF (OFMATCH, 100%) and accelerated OF (OFACC, 170%). Pre-post changes in perceived fatigue were assessed and the dynamics of potential determinants (e.g., physical strain, effort, affective valence, arousal) were quantified at regular intervals during exercise. No effects of OF were found for TTE and the psychophysiologic responses. After both running trials, duration was estimated to be shorter than chronological TTE (p ≤ 0.004, d ≥ 1.081, confidence interval [CI]: 0.272-2.351) and the ratio between perceived and chronological time was higher in the OFACC condition (OFMATCH: 0.68 ± 0.19 vs. OFACC: 0.75 ± 0.20, p = 0.015, d = -0.954, CI: -1.472 to -0.046). In conclusion, OF did not affect TTE and perceived fatigue during a short running bout until exhaustion in a virtual environment. Because elapsed time was judged significantly shorter in both conditions (i.e., \"time flew\"), it remains to be elucidated whether the manipulation of time perception may have an impact on running performance with a longer duration. The rate of change in affective valence predicted running performance in a linear stepwise regression analysis, suggesting that interventions with a positive effect on affective valence should be tested as potential performance enhancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Caffeine Supplementation on Neuromuscular Performance in Powerlifting Athletes: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Quadruple-Blinded, Cross-Over Study.","authors":"Alysson Enes, Pâmela Hubner, Gustavo Oneda, Mauro F Bernardo, Ana Carolina G Macedo, Guilherme Nass Salles, Luis H B Ferreira, Elisangela F Rezende, Adam E Mohan, Alec Piñero, Danilo F Leonel, Ramon Cruz, Brad J Schoenfeld, Tácito P Souza-Junior","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Enes, A, Hubner, P, Oneda, G, Bernardo, MF, Macedo, ACG, Salles, GN, Ferreira, LHB, Rezende, EF, Mohan, AE, Piñero, A, Leonel, DF, Cruz, R, Schoenfeld, BJ, and Souza-Junior, TP. Effects of caffeine supplementation on neuromuscular performance in powerlifting athletes: a randomized, placebo-controlled, quadruple-blinded, cross-over study. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-This study investigated the effects of caffeine supplementation (CAF) on neuromuscular performance and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) in powerlifting athletes. In a cross-over design, 16 male athletes (1 repetition maximum [1RM] barbell back squat: 181.0 ± 44.7 kg; 1RM deadlift: 215.0 ± 38.8 kg) were randomly assigned to CAF or placebo (PLA), 1 week apart. Athletes consumed either 8 mg·kg-1 body mass of CAF or PLA and after 60 minutes performed 3 repetitions of back squat and deadlift exercises at 40, 60, 80, and 90% of their 1RM. Mean velocity, mean power, and velocity loss were continuously measured within the sets. Rating of perceived exertion was assessed after each set of both exercises. CAF supplementation resulted in significantly higher mean velocity at 40, 60, 80, and 90% of 1RM for both exercises compared with PLA (p < 0.05). Mean power was significantly greater with CAF intake during the back squat at 60% (p = 0.046), 80% (p < 0.001), and 90% (p < 0.001) of 1RM. Velocity loss was reduced with CAF at 80 and 90% of 1RM in both exercises (p < 0.05). For RPE, there was a main effect of condition where CAF intake led to lower scores for back squat (p = 0.003) and deadlift (p = 0.042). Our findings suggest that caffeine supplementation could serve as an ergogenic aid in powerlifting athletes' training routines by enhancing neuromuscular performance and reducing RPE, particularly during high-load exercises (80 and 90% of 1RM).</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of a Short-Term Detraining Period on Neuromuscular Performance in Elite U18 Male Basketball Players.","authors":"Raúl Nieto-Acevedo, Carlos García-Sánchez, Blanca Romero-Moraleda, Daniel Varela, Dimitrije Cabarkapa","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Nieto-Acevedo, R, García-Sánchez, C, Romero-Moraleda, B, Varela, D, and Cabarkapa, D. The effect of a short-term detraining period on neuromuscular performance in elite U18 male basketball players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 14 days of detraining (complete cessation in training) on neuromuscular performance in 10 elite basketball male players younger than 18 years. A descriptive longitudinal design was used, the athletes were evaluated using force plates on 3 separate occasions (i.e., 14 days prior, 24 hours after, and 14 days after). Neuromuscular performance was evaluated using isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), countermovement vertical jump (CMJ), and 20-meter sprint tests. Test-retest reliability was established in 2 preliminary sessions. Prepost detraining differences were analyzed using paired t tests. No significant differences pre- and postdetraining were observed in IMTP (p > 0.05; effect size [ES] = 0.0-0.13), and 20-meter sprint (p = 0.07, ES = 0.69). However, CMJ performance exhibited significant increases in reactive strength index-modified, peak and mean propulsive force, peak and mean braking force, and braking net impulse (p < 0.001-0.017; ES = 0.50-0.73), alongside reductions in propulsive phase duration and time to take off (p < 0.001; ES = 0.49 and 0.019; ES = 0.88, respectively). Despite 14 days of detraining, IMTP and sprint performance remained stable, while some braking and propulsive metrics of CMJ demonstrated significant positive adaptations. Overall, these findings suggest that short-term detraining does not impair maximal force production or sprint ability and induces alterations in jump mechanics, particularly within braking and propulsive phases of CMJ. Coaches should consider the observed neuromuscular changes-particularly the reduction in take-off time despite stable jump height-when planning training resumption strategies. Emphasizing the restoration of explosive strength and reactivation of movement patterns early in the return-to-training phase may help mitigate potential performance fluctuations after short-term detraining.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-Course of Performance Recovery During Repeated Sets of Bench Press Exercise: A Modeling Approach.","authors":"Michail G Panagiotopoulos, Athanasios Tsoukos, Charilaos Tsolakis, Gerasimos Terzis, Gregory C Bogdanis","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Panagiotopoulos, MG, Tsoukos, A, Tsolakis, C, Terzis, G, and Bogdanis, GC. Time-course of performance recovery during repeated sets of bench press exercise: a modeling approach. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-We examined the influence of selected performance and physiologic parameters on the time-course of mean barbell velocity recovery during repeated sets of bench press exercise. Thirteen resistance-trained men (25.0 ± 6.3 years) participated in this study. Preliminary measurements included bench press strength (1 repetition maximum [1RM]; 95.0 ± 17.4 kg), maximum theoretical velocity (Vo: 2.03 ± 0.16 m·s-1), and optimal load determination (56.3 ± 1.4% of 1RM), through a load-velocity test on a Smith machine. Also, the rate of barbell velocity decline was calculated during a bench press test to exhaustion performed as fast as possible against the optimal load (maximum number of repetitions [MNR]slope: -0.026 ± 0.006 m·s-1·rep-1). Maximum aerobic power (104.6 ± 18.1 W), blood lactate threshold, and heart rate recovery were determined using an incremental arm cranking test to exhaustion. Each of the 5 main sessions included four 10 seconds bench press sets performed as fast as possible against the optimal load, with rest intervals between sets ranging from 30 seconds to 5 minutes in a random and counterbalanced order. We calculated the percentage of mean barbell velocity recovery between the first 2 sets for each rest interval (30 seconds-5 minutes). The restoration of mean barbell velocity was modeled using a power curve to assess the individual recovery rate. This analysis showed that the time needed to regain 95% of performance from the first to the second set was mainly influenced by MNRslope and Vo (R2 = 0.68, p < 0.01). When a neural network approach was used, the accuracy of prediction improved significantly (R2 = 0.90-0.99). In summary, MNRslope and Vo may be used for estimating an individual's recovery ability and for determining optimal rest intervals in explosive bench press training.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of Average Power, Total Work, and Exercise Energy Expenditure Quantified by Cycling Mechanics.","authors":"Tanja Oosthuyse, Nazeera Bownes, Lauren A Wiemers, Andrew N Bosch","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Oosthuyse, T, Bownes, N, Wiemers, LA, and Bosch, AN. Validity of average power, total work, and exercise energy expenditure quantified by cycling mechanics. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-Average power, work, and exercise energy expenditure (EEE) are useful metrics in cycling for gauging training load and targeting energy intake. These metrics are easily obtained from bicycle-mounted power meters but not all cyclists train with power meters. We used the laws of mechanics to estimate average power, total work, and EEE compared with power-meter measurements during n = 100 training sessions (n = 32 on road bicycles; n = 68 on mountain bikes [MTBs]) in competitive cyclists, with p < 0.05 as significant. Physics-derived average power and power-meter measures had a good agreement (Watts, mean difference ± SD -1.04 ± 10.38; SEM 1.038; coefficient of variability 4.2%; intraclass correlation coefficient 0.93), producing estimates of total work (-2 ± 24 kcal) and EEE (-10 ± 120 kcal) with negligible mean differences. Although average power was similar (MTB: 2.21 ± 0.31 W·kg-1; road: 2.24 ± 0.34 W·kg-1), total force produced (FTotal) was greater in MTB than in road training (25.8 ± 4.6 N; 20.7 ± 3.0 N). The components of FTotal differed, where forces to overcome gradient (12.9 ± 5.2 N; 8.5 ± 3.1 N) and rolling resistance (8.2 ± 1.6 N; 3.9 ± 1.1 N) were greater in MTB, and frictional air drag (4.7 ± 1.9 N; 8.4 ± 2.3 N) was greater in road training. Using the methodology applied, the laws of cycling mechanics produce fair measures of average power, total work, and EEE for cyclists without bicycle-mounted power meters. In addition, deriving the respective force components could support training prescription and equipment adjustments to optimize performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Relationship Between Muscle Thickness, Muscular Strength, and Functional Fitness After Resistance Training in Older Women.","authors":"Natã Stavinski, Timothy G Cavazzotto, Marcelo A S Carneiro, Gabriel Kunevaliki, Jarlisson Francsuel, Bruna Costa, Witalo Kassiano, Ian Tricoli, Pâmela Castro-E-Souza, Aline Prado, Letícia T Cyrino, Ricardo J Rodrigues, Danilo R P Silva, Claudia R Cavaglieri, Analiza M Silva, Luís B Sardinha, Edilson S Cyrino","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Stavinski, N, Cavazzotto, TG, Carneiro, MAS, Kunevaliki, G, Francsuel, J, Costa, B, Kassiano, W, Tricoli, I, Castro-E-Souza, P, Prado, A, Cyrino, LT, Rodrigues, RJ, Silva, DRP, Cavaglieri, CR, Silva, AM, Sardinha, LB, and Cyrino, ES. Synergistic relationship between muscle thickness, muscular strength, and functional fitness after resistance training in older women. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-This study examined the synergistic relationship between changes in muscle thickness (MT) and muscular strength and functional fitness after a resistance training (RT) program in older women. Sixty physically independent women (68.8 ± 5.9 years) participated in a 24-week RT program. The MT, muscular strength, and functional fitness were analyzed at baseline and after 12 and 24 weeks. The whole-body RT program was conducted in 3 weekly sessions (8 exercises, 3 sets of 8-15 repetitions). The repeated measures correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between MT and muscular strength (rrm = 0.51 to 0.78; p < 0.05) and functional fitness tests (rrm = 0.27 to 0.45; p < 0.05). Further analysis using repeated measures regression revealed significant associations between MT and muscular strength (R2 = 0.16 to 0.54; p < 0.05) and functional fitness tests (R2 = 0.10 to 0.32; p < 0.05). Furthermore, repeated measures mediation showed that 7.4 and 19.8% of the relationship between RT engagement and 1 repetition maximum (1RM) leg extension and 1RM preacher curl, respectively, was attributed to increases in MT. However, MT did not mediate the relationship between RT and 1RM chest press, handgrip strength, 4-m gait speed, timed-up-and-go, 5-repetition sit-to-stand (5STS), 30-second sit-to-stand, and 6-minute walk. Changes in MT induced by RT may account for a significant portion of the changes in muscular strength, but not in functional fitness.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative Single Joint Isometric Hamstring Strength Scores From Professional Soccer Players During Preseason.","authors":"Nicholas Joel Ripley, Jack T Fahey, Paul Comfort, John J McMahon, Paul A Jones, Christopher Bramah","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Ripley, NJ, Fahey, JT, Comfort, P, McMahon, JJ, Jones, PA, and Bramah, C. Normative single joint isometric hamstring strength scores from professional soccer players during pre-season. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-Monitoring changes in isometric force production from the hamstrings has become increasingly common in team sports. With an increase in force plate availability in soccer, isometric hamstring assessments have become popular, yet normative benchmarks do not currently exist. The purpose of this study was to provide normative force production benchmarks for professional soccer players obtained during isometric hamstring assessments. One hundred forty-two senior professional men's soccer players (age, 24.56 ± 5.09 years; height, 183.63 ± 5.84 cm; mass, 82.12 ± 8.35 kg) performed 2 isometric assessments with 30° and 90° of hip flexion and similar knee joint angles. Mean and standard deviation were determined across 3 trials, differences between soccer positions (goalkeeper, defender, midfielder, and strikers) and differences between limbs were determined through one-way ANOVA. p value was set at <0.05, and effect size was calculated using Cohens d. Benchmarks were developed using T-scores. Trivial-moderate positional differences (d = 0.09-0.95) were observed for absolute peak force, whereas only trivial positional differences (d = 0.00-0.01) were observed for relative peak force (i.e., peak force/body mass). Trivial between limb differences (d = 0.12-0.13) were observed for assessment performed at 90°; however, small differences were observed in the 30° test (d = 0.27-0.29). Benchmark values are provided for relative peak force due to no meaningful difference between positions. Practitioners could use the normative benchmarks provided to determine training needs and establish specific goals. The isometric hamstring assessment positioned at 30° of knee and hip flexion may be more sensitive to determine interlimb differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}