Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research最新文献

{"title":"Strength in Decline? Strength Performance's Secular Trends of Italian Middle School Children.","authors":"Alessandro Gatti, Matteo Giuriato, Agnese Pirazzi, Matteo Vandoni, Vittoria Carnevale Pellino, Nicola Lovecchio","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005080","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Gatti, A, Giuriato, M, Pirazzi, A, Vandoni, M, Pellino, VC, and Lovecchio, N. Strength in decline? Strength performance's secular trends of Italian middle school children. J Strength Cond Res 39(6): e742-e748, 2025-It is well known that there is a concerning decline in overall physical fitness (PF) levels among youth. Despite these, studies on trends in muscle strength (MS) yield conflicting results. Moreover, continuous temporal data focusing on children and adolescents are lacking, with limited consideration of factors such as body mass and maturity timing in MS trend analyses. This study addressed these gaps by examining the secular trends in MS performance among Italian school children while considering the influence of body mass index (BMI) z-score and peak height velocity (PHV). A repeated cross-sectional study spanning 21 years (1988-2009) was conducted, involving 3,761 Italian children aged 11-13 years. Physical fitness assessments were conducted annually and secular trends were analyzed using weighted least squares regression, adjusting for BMI z-score and PHV. Sit-up performance showed a steady trend (trend [95% confidence interval]: -0.72 [-0.73 to -0.71]; -4.76% [-4.79 to -4.73]; -0.16 effect size [ES] [-0.17 to -0.15]), while push-up performance showed a small-to-moderate decline (-1.01 [-1.03 to -0.99]; -5.77% [-5.81 to -5.73]; -0.26 ES [-0.27 to -0.25]). Girls exhibited consistent declines, however, trends differed among boys depending on the test used. This study contributes valuable insights into secular trends in MS among Italian school children, underscoring the need for gender-sensitive approaches to promoting physical activity and the importance of standardized assessments to accurately monitor fitness trends. Addressing these disparities is critical for the creation of interventions aimed at reducing the economic burden associated with low PF levels and improving overall public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"e742-e748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Active-Duty Air Force Personnel With Recent Lower-Body Musculoskeletal Injury Profiles Have Reduced Jump Performances?","authors":"Justin J Merrigan, Nicole Ray, Kristyn Barrett, Maegan O'Connor, Roger Smith, James R Walters, Josh Hagen, Jason Eckerle, Robert Briggs","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005091","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Merrigan, JJ, Ray, N, Barrett, K, O'Connor, M, Smith, R, Walters, JR, Hagen, J, Eckerle, J, and Briggs, R. Do active-duty air force personnel with recent lower-body musculoskeletal injury profiles have reduced jump performances? J Strength Cond Res 39(6): 695-704, 2025-This study aimed to evaluate jump performance in active-duty Air Force service members with recent limited duty profiles because of lower-body musculoskeletal injury or pain (LDP). Eighty-five participants reported LDP, whereas 719 participants reported no lower extremity pain or musculoskeletal injury (No-LDP) within the previous 6 months. Jump assessments consisted of 3 maximal effort arm-swing countermovement jumps (ASCMJs), no arm-swing countermovement jumps (CMJs), bilateral repeated hop test (BHT), CMJs with a weighted vest (LCMJ), and drop jumps (DJ), in that order, on dual force plates. Perceived levels of pain and impaired function were greater in LDP than No-LDP ( p < 0.05). During ASCMJ, LDP (131.07 ± 46.27 N × cm -1 ) had greater peak landing forces than No-LDP (118.49 ± 43.01 N × cm -1 ; p = 0.042, ES = -0.089). For LCMJ, jump height (LDP = 24.34 ± 6.33; No-LDP = 26.55 ± 7.91 cm; p = 0.040; ES = -0.087) and modified reactive strength index (LDP = 24.51 ± 8.59; No-LDP = 27.46 ± 9.85 cm × second -1 ; p = 0.026; ES = -0.100) were lower, whereas peak landing forces (LDP = 174.98 ± 56.01; No-LDP = 158.5 ± 55.5 N × cm -1 ; p = 0.017; ES = 0.101) were greater in LDP than No-LDP. During DJ, No-LDP had higher jump heights (LDP = 25.09 ± 7.09 cm; No-LDP = 27.83 ± 8.73 cm; p = 0.034; ES = -0.091), less passive stiffness (LDP = 11,822.5 ± 4,865.2 N × m; No-LDP = 10,773.2 ± 6,546.0 N × m; p = 0.034; ES = 0.096), and less peak drop landing forces (LDP = 3,572.3 ± 991.4.4 N; No-LDP = 3,282.0 ± 1,011.1 N; p = 0.024; ES = 0.105). Individuals with a recent LDP presented ineffective landing abilities and lower jump heights during more difficult jumping tasks. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment is encouraged to help inform return to duty timelines and ensure adequate recovery and preparedness for full duty.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"695-704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bigger but Are They Better? Investigating Growth, Maturation, and Physical Performance Metrics in Underage Gaelic Games Development Squads.","authors":"Claudia Kearney, Edward K Coughlan, Aidan O'Connell, Seán Lacey, Con Burns","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005069","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Kearney, C, Coughlan, EK, O'Connell, A, Lacey, S, and Burns, C. Bigger but are they better? Investigating growth, maturation, and physical performance metrics in underage Gaelic games development squads. J Strength Cond Res 39(6): e806-e814, 2025-The purpose of this study was to examine (a) maturation status distribution across intercounty underage Gaelic games development squads and (b) differences in physical performance metrics relative to maturation status. The study is the first to assess physical performance metrics in intercounty development squad Gaelic Games players, with reference to maturation status. The Khamis & Roche method was used to establish maturation status in 254 male U15 and U16 Gaelic Games development squad players. Tests for lower body power (countermovement jump [CMJ] height), linear speed (10, 20 m), upper body strength (maximum chin-up test), and aerobic endurance (GAA modified Bronco) were conducted. One-way multivariate analysis of variance and analysis of variance were conducted, with an alpha level of p < 0.05 set to determine statistical significance. In both U15 and U16 groups, early developers (EDs) comprised 64.9 and 64.0%, respectively, while on-time (OT) developers comprised 31.5% (U15) and 33.7% (U16), and late developers (LDs) comprised 3.6% (U15) and 2.3% (U16). For U15, ED exhibited significantly faster 10 m speed than LD ( p = 0.045) and faster 20 m speed than both OT ( p = 0.007) and LD ( p = 0.006). After post hoc tests for U16, CMJ scores showed no significant differences ( p > 0.05), while U16 ED and OT displayed faster 20 m speed than LD ( p = 0.023, p = 0.024, respectively). Coach education around growth and maturation and strategies such as biobanding should be used in talent development settings. Practitioners should interpret speed times relative to maturation status as opposed to chronological age.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"e806-e814"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Divergent Validity of Novel Tools to Assess Occupationally Relevant Performance in Infantry Soldiers.","authors":"Brian E Heilbronn, Kenji Doma, Wade H Sinclair, Jace Drain, Jonathan Connor, Anthony S Leicht","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005076","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Heilbronn, BE, Doma, K, Sinclair, WH, Drain, J, Connor, J, and Leicht, AS. Reliability and divergent validity of novel tools to assess occupationally relevant performance in infantry soldiers. J Strength Cond Res 39(6): e815-e823, 2025-The primary aim of this study was to determine the reliability and divergent validity of several weighted physical assessments for the Army, including the counter movement jump (CMJ), plyometric push-ups (PPU), an incremental fire and movement assessment (IMFA), and a repeated sprint ability (RSA) test. Male infantry soldiers ( n = 30) completed the CMJ, PPU, IFMA, and RSA during both unweighted and weighted conditions with a 48-hour interval between sessions, and then repeated the tests during a weighted condition after a 7-day wash-out period. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) assessed between-session reliability. Divergent validity between weighted and unweighted conditions was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient ( r ), with correlation effect size (ES) calculated between the r -values using a Fisher Z-transformation. Good test-retest reliability and divergent validity were demonstrated for most CMJ (ICC 0.50-0.99, CV% 1.18-7.73, ES 0.50-0.69), PPU (ICC 0.61-0.99, CV% 1.03-12.33, ES 0.31-0.68), RSA (ICC 0.50-0.94, CV% 1.34-8.41, ES 0.37-0.75), and IFMA (ICC 0.65-0.94, CV% 2.80-10.99, ES 0.32-0.39) measures. It was concluded that the weighted CMJ, PPU, IMFA, and RSA were reliable tests for Army-specific fitness to determine combat task readiness. Good divergent validity between weighted and unweighted conditions for most test measures supported practitioner's use of weighted assessments for Army-specific capability, while unweighted assessments were recommended for fitness optimization and monitoring training for Army personnel.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"e815-e823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"My Coach Says: The Effects of Accelerated Eccentric and Landing Cues to Elicit Change in Countermovement Jump Propulsive and Landing Performance.","authors":"Matthew J Handford, Thomas E Bright, Peter Mundy, Jason Lake, Nicola Theis, Jonathan D Hughes","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005070","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Handford, MJ, Bright, TE, Mundy, P, Lake, J, Theis, N, and Hughes, JD. My coach says: the effects of accelerated eccentric and landing cues to elicit change in countermovement jump propulsive and landing performance. J Strength Cond Res 39(6): e730-e741, 2025-The aim of the study was to determine if an accelerated eccentric (AE) cue during a countermovement jump (CMJ) produces distinct kinetic outputs. Eighteen strength-trained men (mean ± SD : age = 25.9 ± 4.5 years; body mass = 87.1 ± 12.2 kg; stature = 181.7 ± 6.2 cm) completed a jump cue (\"jump as high and fast as possible\") (NORM) or AE (\"fast downward, max braking, and jump as high and fast as possible\") with 2 types of landing cues: deceleration eccentric (DC) (\"decelerate as fast as possible once landed\") and dissipating eccentric (DP) (\"stop in your own time\"). The Hawkin Dynamics Cloud system was used for jump analysis, including additional landing metrics. Subjects performed 4 repetitions of AEDC landling, AEDP landling, NORMDC landling, and NORMDP landling in a randomized order on 2 separate occasions. When compared with the NORM conditions, the AE conditions had significantly greater peak and mean braking velocity (effect size [ES] = -0.77 to -0.89 and -0.60 to -0.83, respectively), mean braking power (ES = -0.56 to -0.59), mean braking force (ES = 0.40-0.46), braking impulse (ES = 0.35-0.41), force at minimal displacement (ES = 0.26-0.32), and peak propulsion force (ES = 0.24-0.26), with a reduced braking phase time (ES = 0.59-1.14). Only landing impulse showed acceptable reliability for landing metrics, with no significant differences between groups. Findings highlight AE's enhance braking (eccentric) metrics and overall CMJ performance. Future research should explore AE in strength-based exercises and further investigate CMJ landing phase metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"e730-e741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle Soreness and Neuromuscular Fatigue After Three Different Resistance Exercise Protocols: Comparison Between Men and Women.","authors":"Michela Margoni, Gianluca Bochicchio, Luca Ferrari, Silvia Pogliaghi","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005103","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Margoni, M, Bochicchio, G, Ferrari, L, and Pogliaghi, S. Muscle soreness and neuromuscular fatigue after three different resistance exercise protocols: Comparison between men and women. J Strength Cond Res 39(6): 625-633, 2025-This study evaluated the sex-related differences in the magnitude and time course of muscle soreness and neuromuscular fatigue after 3 different resistance training (RT) protocols, in both the upper and lower body. Sixteen recreational resistance-trained women ( n = 7) and men ( n = 9) performed 3 RT protocols, in randomized order as either power (POW, 4 × 5 at 50% 1 repetition maximum [1RM]), strength (STR, 4 × 2 at 90% 1RM), and hypertrophy (4 × 10 at 70% 1RM), involving 2 main exercises (back squat and bench press) at aim-specific training load, and 4 complementary exercises. Visual analog scale and load cell (1,000 Hz, AEP transducer, Italy) were used to assess muscle soreness and changes in maximal peak force, respectively, of upper and lower body pre-, post-, 24 h, 48, and 72 h after each protocol. Three-way RM ANOVA was run to compare muscle soreness and neuromuscular fatigue of the upper and lower body between sexes, within protocols and time. Men and women showed similar changes in muscle soreness and neuromuscular fatigue across all protocols and body parts ( p > 0.05). Moreover, both sexes exhibited higher neuromuscular fatigue in the lower body than the upper body, across all protocols ( p < 0.05). These results suggest that men and women show similar kinetics in muscle soreness and neuromuscular fatigue after 3 different RT protocols, with a greater impact experienced in the lower body. Therefore, designing RT programs on sex-specific performance kinetics may not be essential, although increasing upper body exercises volume and frequency can benefit both sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"625-633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Music Listening Alters Kinetics and Kinematics of Running: A Cross-Over Study Comparing Gender, Running Speeds, and Surfaces.","authors":"Gianluca Martinez, Lucia Ventura, Rachele Rossanigo, Marco Morrone, Martina Meloni, Anna Boi, Andrea Melis, Laura Maria De Luca, Francesco Bussu, Arcangelo Uccula, David G Behm, Andrea Cereatti, Franca Deriu, Andrea Manca","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005094","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Martinez, G, Ventura, L, Rossanigo, R, Morrone, M, Meloni, M, Boi, A, Melis, A, De Luca, LM, Bussu, F, Uccula, A, Behm, DG, Cereatti, A, Deriu, F, and Manca, A. Music listening alters kinetics and kinematics of running: A cross-over study comparing gender, running speeds, and surfaces. J Strength Cond Res 39(6): 649-659, 2025-Music listening while exercising leads to physiologic, psychological, and biomechanical effects. The distracting role of music on runner's attention is also documented, with potentially detrimental effects. This study tested the hypotheses that (a) music would lead to biomechanical changes; (b) effects would differ between sexes, running surfaces, and speeds; and (c) biomechanical changes would be larger in subjects displaying higher distractibility at the attention tests. Fifty young casual runners (25W/25M) volunteered to perform 400-meter runs at 8 and 10 km·h -1 on treadmill and athletics track while exposed or not to in-ear, 85-decibel tempo music. Running biomechanics was assessed by wearable inertial units. Main effects of music and interactions with sex, surface, and speed were tested by repeated-measures analysis of variance. Second, runners' distractibility was tested by Sustained Attention to Response Task and Stroop attention tests, administered while exposed or not to the same tempo music. Significance was set for p < 0.05. Music led to significant changes in most biomechanical parameters only when running on the treadmill. Although sex and speed were not significant factors, music effects proved slightly but significantly larger in women than in men, and at 8 km·h -1 running speed compared with 10 km·h -1 running speed. Regarding distractibility tests, men made significantly more errors in the Stroop test when exposed to music, but this finding was uncorrelated with music effects on biomechanics. Music listening altered running biomechanics only on the treadmill. Such alterations may reduce running efficiency, warranting consideration from sports professionals, athletes, and joggers exercising on the treadmill because they may lead to enhanced risk for musculoskeletal injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"649-659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioelectrical Impedance Spectroscopy Measuring the Magnitude of Body Water Compartment Changes Pregame and Postgame in Collegiate Ice Hockey Players.","authors":"Alec J Heesch, Jace R Otremba, Richard M Morgan, Brock M Montgomery, Mark A Poolman, Gary D Schindler, John S Fitzgerald","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005101","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Heesch, AJ, Otremba, JR, Morgan, RM, Montgomery, BM, Poolman, MA, Schindler, GD, and Fitzgerald, JS. Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy measuring the magnitude of body water compartment changes pregame and postgame in collegiate ice hockey players. J Strength Cond Res 39(6): e769-e773, 2025-Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) is an accurate and feasible measure of hydration and compartment water, although its ability to detect meaningful changes in field settings is unknown. This study evaluated the typical changes in whole-body and segmental body compartment water before and after games in 25 male National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I ice hockey players using a SOZO BIS device. Measurements were taken the mornings of and the mornings after the first game of a two-game series across 9 home games. Absolute changes at the individual level were averaged for each game and across games to estimate typical changes in body water. Medium total body water loss (mean change [95% CI]: -0.63 L [-0.80 to -0.37]; percent change: 1.2%), large extracellular water loss (mean change [95% CI]: -0.56 L [-0.73 to -0.39]; percent change: 2.5%), and small leg intracellular water loss (mean change [95% CI]: -0.12 L [-0.23 to -0.01]; percent change: 1.1%) were still present in the morning after the game. These findings indicate that BIS is sensitive to small changes in whole-body and leg segment body water compartments at the group level in an ecologically valid sports setting, and the body water compartment losses observed in this study emphasize the importance of effective postgame rehydration strategies. Hypohydration is linked to meaningful end points in sport (e.g., exercise performance, heat illness, recovery), and the ability to noninvasively monitor whole-body and segmental compartment water with BIS may improve sport staff's ability to implement effective hydration and nutrition strategies for athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"e769-e773"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships Between the Army Combat Fitness Test Scoring Structure and Laboratory Measurements of Physical Fitness in Reserve Officer Training Corps Cadets.","authors":"Ward C Dobbs, Thomas G Almonroeder, Makenna Carpenter, Rachel E Schmitt, Anna K Jacobson, Joel A Luedke, Brandon M Roberts, Andrew R Jagim","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Dobbs, WC, Almonroeder, TG, Carpenter, M, Schmitt, RE, Jacobson, AK, Luedke, JA, Roberts, BM, and Jagim, AR. Relationships between the Army Combat Fitness Test scoring structure and laboratory measurements of physical fitness in reserve officer training corps cadets. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-The Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) assesses aerobic and anaerobic fitness capabilities in the U.S. Army. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between raw and composite ACFT scores and laboratory-based measurements of fitness. Nineteen Reserve Officers' Training Corp cadets performed a battery of laboratory-based fitness testing. Tests included a movement screening (Fusionetics), countermovement jumps, and maximal isometric mid-thigh pulls on portable force plates to determine power and strength. A Wingate test involving maximal cycling for 30 seconds was used to determine peak and mean power. On a separate day, cadets completed body composition and a graded exercise test on a motorized treadmill to determine peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2peak). Pearson correlations and partial corrections with 2000 bootstraps were used to compare ACFT scores (raw, composite, gender-neutral composite, and z-scores) with laboratory results. Significant associations were identified as 95% confidence intervals, not including zero. The results indicated that V̇o2peak (r = 0.61, [0.08-0.84]), body fat percentage (r = -0.4, [-0.72 to -0.06]), and relative peak power (r = 0.38, [0.02-0.68]) were associated with the total ACFT composite score when partialled by sex. All laboratory tests, except the movement screening, showed meaningful associations with total ACFT z-scores and gender-neutral ACFT scores (r > 0.54). However, most relationships were eliminated when partialled out by sex, which may be due to a low sample size of women. This suggests the current scoring structure utilized for men is representative of aerobic and anaerobic fitness parameters and may be able to discriminate performance levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Traditional Strength vs. Combined Strength and Plyometric Training on Sprint, Jump, and Maximum Strength Performance in Elite Youth Soccer Players-A 6-month Controlled Trial.","authors":"Björn Kadlubowski, Michael Keiner, Klaus Wirth, Robert Csapo","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}