Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research最新文献

{"title":"Biting on Customized Mouthguards Improves Vertical Jump and Slider Quality of Baseball Pitchers.","authors":"Nai-Chia Teng, Yu-Hsin Hu, Ting-Iou Wu, Yi-Jie Shiu, Chi-Wen Yen, Wei-Jen Chan, Chih-Hui Chiu","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Teng, N-C, Hu, Y-H, Wu, T-I, Shiu, Y-J, Yen, C-W, Chan, W-J, and Chiu, C-H. Biting on customized mouthguards improves vertical jump and slider quality of baseball pitchers. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-The concurrent activation potentiation induced by biting on customized mouthguards may improve strength performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the use of customized mouthguards is effective in improving the athletic performance of baseball pitchers and further improving the sharpness of fastball and breaking balls. Ten professional (age: 20.50 ± 1.08 years; height: 177.6 ± 4.7 cm; body mass: 77.7 ± 9.6 kg) baseball pitchers were recruited and randomly divided into customized mouthguards trial (MG) and control trial (N-MG) without wearing customized mouthguards. Subjects were tested for bite force, grip strength, counter movement jump, and pitching tests after wearing mouthguards (MG trial) and without mouthguards (N-MG trial). The bite force was significantly higher in the MG trial than in the N-MG trial (MG: 1,512.5 ± 531.7 N; N-MG: 1,159.1 ± 407.0 N; p = 0.014; Cohen's d = 0.75). The spin rate of sliders was significantly higher in the MG trial than in the N-MG trial (MG: 2086.3 ± 243.2 rpm; N-MG:1939.0 ± 312.9 rpm; p = 0.014; Cohen's d = 0.52). The jump height of counter movement jump was significantly higher in the MG trial than in the N-MG trial (MG: 48.8 ± 4.2 cm; N-MG: 47.3 ± 4.0 cm; p = 0.024; Cohen's d = 0.37) with a small effect size. There were no significant differences in grip strength and other pitching parameters. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that customized mouthguards significantly enhanced the bite force of the subjects and augmented the spin rate and the sharpness of the slider.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of a Body Temperature Wearable Device With Gastrointestinal Thermometry During a Warm-Weather Road Race.","authors":"Cecilia E Kaufman, Michael R Szymanski, Gabrielle J Brewer, Rebecca L Stearns, Douglas J Casa, Robert A Huggins","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Kaufman, CE, Szymanski, MR, Brewer, GJ, Stearns, RL, Casa, DJ, and Huggins, RA. Comparison of a body temperature wearable device with gastrointestinal thermometry during a warm-weather road race. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-To compare estimated measures of a wearable body temperature device with gastrointestinal temperature during and at the finish of a road race. Fourteen recreational runners ([n = 9 men, n = 5 women] [mean ± SD] age: 48 ± 14 years, V̇O2peak: 47.66 ± 8.21 ml·kg-1·min-1) were recruited. The wearable body temperature device and gastrointestinal temperature were measured and compared throughout the duration of the race and at race finish (p < 0.05). During race: Poor agreement and a high, positive relationship (Lin's Concordance Correlation Coefficient [CCC] = 0.70, 95% Limits of Agreement [LOA] ± 0.94° C, r = 0.78) were noted between the wearable body temperature device and gastrointestinal temperature. No interaction was exhibited between time and device (p = 0.087). At race finish: Poor agreement and a low, positive relationship (CCC = 0.30, 95% LOA±1.20° C, r = 0.43) were noted between the wearable body temperature device and gastrointestinal temperature. During continuous exercise in a warm weather race, the wearable body temperature device was within the acceptable limits (±0.27° C) compared with gastrointestinal temperature. The wearable body temperature device reported the widest LOA in the race finish analyses. Typical error of estimate suggests that the mean bias values may be attributed to error. Further validation is crucial in higher internal body temperatures (>39.5° C) in varying populations, environments, and intensities both pre- and postexercise Currently, this device is not acceptable for medical use or clinical diagnosis of exertional heat stroke. Medical personnel (e.g., athletic trainers, team physicians) and additional personnel (e.g., coaches, military officers, safety managers) can benefit from valid, continuous, real-time internal body temperature monitoring in the heat.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Time Course of Postmatch Physical Impairments in Professional Soccer: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Alec M Drayton, Maziar J Hamad, Konstantinos Spyrou","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Drayton, AM, Hamad, MJ, and Spyrou, K. The time course of postmatch physical impairments in professional soccer: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-Professional soccer often requires players to compete every 72 hours (h), which can lead to notable fatigue and exercise-induced muscle damage. Knowledge of postmatch impairments of physical performance can support efforts to maintain optimal performance and minimize injury risk, alongside factors such as nutrition, training structure, and sleep. This review aimed to assess the effect of single soccer matches on measures of physical performance in professional players, investigating their response at different time points: immediately, 24, 48, and 72 hours postmatch. A literature search was conducted in November 2024 on the following databases: Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus. A total of 13 studies were eligible and included in this review. Results show that even after 72 hours, professional players still experienced significant physical impairments. Although sprint, change of direction, and technical ability had all recovered by 72 hours, studies still observed significant impairments in vertical jump ability and hamstring strength, highlighting the complexity of postmatch fatigue. Nevertheless, variations in postmatch physical impairments were observed across studies, suggesting that many factors such as baseline physical fitness levels play a determining role in the duration of these impairments. Future research is needed in elite soccer populations to better understand the extent to which specific physical fitness measures (strength, aerobic fitness, power, etc.) influence postmatch physical impairments. Nevertheless, practitioners should be aware of the varied individual recovery profiles observed in professional players, to optimize player readiness and reduce injury risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Similar Neuromuscular and Morphological Adaptations Following Short-Term Blood Flow Restriction and Traditional Resistance Training in Young Men.","authors":"Kase J Pennartz, Calvin D Smith, Sierra Washington, Renee Gebert, Andrew Wolfe, Joshua L Keller, Micheal J Luera","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005231","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Composition Changes in NCAA Division I Female Soccer Players Throughout Collegiate Playing Career.","authors":"Mary C Pickler, Andrew R Gallucci, Katherine M Lee, Leroy K Bolden, Eric R Rash, Grant M Tinsley","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Pickler, MC, Gallucci, AR, Lee, KM, Bolden, LK, Rash, ER, and Tinsley, GM. Body composition changes in NCAA Division I female soccer players throughout collegiate playing career. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-Body composition changes commonly occur in athletes because of fluctuations in nutrition, training regimens, and overall health. Although some studies have examined body composition changes across seasons or positions in collegiate athletes, few have analyzed these changes during the course of an entire collegiate playing career. This study addresses this knowledge gap through the analysis of body composition changes in NCAA Division I female soccer players during the course of their collegiate career. Three to 4 total body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans were performed on athletes each year from 2010 to 2022, and analyses of body composition changes were conducted using linear mixed-effects models in all athletes with >2 individual scans (ALL analysis; n = 115-116) and in those with ≥3 years of scans (3Y analysis; n = 33-34). Statistical significance was accepted at p ≤ 0.05. In both analyses, athletes experienced significant increases in body mass, lean soft tissue, fat-free mass, fat-free mass index, and spine bone mineral density. In the ALL analysis only, decreases in body fat percentage and increases in total bone mineral density were observed. In addition, goalkeepers had higher body mass and fat mass than those in other positions in the ALL analysis, but the 3Y analysis yielded no statistically significant differences between player positions. In conclusion, active participation in NCAA Division I women's soccer resulted in increased total lean soft tissue, fat-free mass, and bone mineral density of the spine, with participation ≥3 years additionally reducing body fat percentage and increasing total bone mineral density.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing Comprehensive Normative Values of Objective Sleep Quantity and Quality in Collegiate Athletes.","authors":"Emaly Vatne, Matthew Vatne, Daniel Cencer, William J Kraemer, Catherine Saenz, Jason Stone, Justin Merrigan, Kyle Pulvermacher, Bradley Robinson, Michael Dial, Paul Jones, Alexandria Montalbano, Tyler Carpenter, Joshua Hagen","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Vatne, E, Vatne, M, Cencer, D, Kraemer, WJ, Saenz, C, Stone, J, Merrigan, J, Pulvermacher, K, Robinson, B, Dial, M, Jones, P, Montalbano, A, Carpenter, T, and Hagen, J. Establishing comprehensive normative values of objective sleep quantity and quality in collegiate athletes. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-Collegiate athletes frequently experience insufficient sleep, adversely affecting physical performance and recovery. Historically, sleep studies primarily relied on subjective data and small sample sizes with most subjects being male athletes, which limits generalizability. Modern wearables enable more robust, objective analysis. Our objective was to leverage wearables to establish normative values for sleep quantity and quality in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I athletes and investigate sex and sport-specific differences. Retrospective analysis was conducted on 37,672 sleep records from 397 NCAA Division I male and female athletes across 22 sports. Subjects wore a validated wearable device, Oura Ring, nightly for objective sleep tracking. Key metrics included total sleep time (TST), time in bed, sleep efficiency (SE), sleep onset latency (SOL), resting heart rate, and heart rate variability (HRV). Descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests (p < 0.05) were used to analyze differences by sex and sport. Average TST across athletes was 6.97 ± 1.27 hours. Female athletes achieved significantly higher TST (p < 0.001, effect size (ES) = 0.23), SE (p < 0.001, ES = 0.29), and HRV (p < 0.001, ES = 0.09) than male athletes, while exhibiting shorter SOL (p < 0.001, ES = -0.09). Eight teams averaged <7 hours of TST per night. Findings underscore the need for tailored sleep interventions in collegiate athletes, particularly in male athletes. Strategies include education, monitoring, and scheduling adjustments to enhance recovery and performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Velocity Variables: Determining Predictive Metrics during the Back Squat and Bench Press to Failure at Different Relative Loads.","authors":"Daniel J Lawson, Alex A Olmos, Samuel J Mosiman, Stephanie A Sontag, Jacob R Goodin, J Jay Dawes","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Lawson, DJ, Olmos, AA, Mosiman, SJ, Sontag, SA, Goodin, JR, and Dawes, JJ. Velocity Variables: Determining Predictive Metrics during the Back Squat and Bench Press to Failure at Different Relative Loads. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-This study aimed to determine a best velocity variable and prediction model for estimating repetitions to failure (RTF) across 3 relative loads (%1RM) comparing the average concentric velocity (ACV) of a single repetition set (ACVSingle), ACV from the first repetition (ACVFirst), ACV across all repetitions (ACVMean), and the fastest repetition velocity (FRV) achieved during the back squat and bench press exercises. Twenty-six (n = 26; males = 18, females = 8) resistance-trained individuals performed 3 sets to failure at 90, 80, and 70% of their 1RM on both exercises for 2 testing sessions. Repeated measures mixed effects models were constructed for univariate, adjusted (corrected for sex), and interaction (velocity*sex) models from Visit 2 data. Model selection criteria were determined by the smallest residual mean error (RME) and standard deviation (SD), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) serving as fit indicators. Best fit models were cross-validated by applying fixed-effects coefficients from Visit 2 to Visit 3 velocity variables, estimating RTF and calculating error as the predicted versus observed variable delta. The ACVSingle adjusted model demonstrated the best fit for the squat (RME = 0.0056, SD = 3.7731, AIC = 360.88, BIC = 363.24). The FRV interaction model demonstrated the best fit for the bench press (RME = 0.0303, SD = 2.4011, AIC = 300.71, and BIC = 303.07). Although no single predictor exhibited superiority across all intensities, ACVSingle and FRV provide lower prediction error variability under specific conditions, with the best predictor determined by both intensity and exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Acute Effects of Hill Sprinting on Acceleration Kinematics of Subelite GAA Players.","authors":"Lisa Bolger, Robert Mooney, Alan Griffin","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Bolger, L, Mooney, R, and Griffin, A. The acute effects of hill sprinting on acceleration kinematics of sub-elite GAA players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-Resisted sprint training (RST) is an effective method to improve early acceleration (EA) among team sport athletes (TSA). Uphill sprinting (UH), as a mode of RST for improving EA, has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of UH on EA kinematics and compare with EA on a flat surface. Twenty-two subelite Gaelic football and hurling players (age: 20.2 ± 1.16 years; height: 181.1 ± 6.20 cm; body mass: 76.6 ± 8.51 kg) performed 10 m sprints on 3 inclines: 0°, 5°, and 8°. Sprint times were recorded using VALD SmartSpeed timing gates, and kinematics (step length [SL], step frequency [SF], step velocity [SV], ground contact time [GCT], and flight times [FT]) were recorded using the OptoJump Next system. Differences in kinematics across the inclines were investigated using a repeated-measures analysis of variance, with Bonferroni post hoc comparisons used to identify where differences existed. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. The results indicated significant decreases in SV, SL, SF, and FT, and increases in GCT and sprint times during UH relative to the 0° incline (p < 0.05; large ES for all). The magnitude of change in all kinematics increased with slope, with significant alterations to SL, SV, and sprint times observed (p < 0.05; large ES for all). Kinematics observed during UH seem optimal to facilitate greater force production during ground contacts, consequently increasing SL and improving unresisted EA. The findings suggest that UH has the potential as a form of RST to improve EA among TSA, such as GAA players.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Kinetic Link: Investigating Shoulder Strength as a Determinant of Throwing Velocity in Handball Players.","authors":"Gustavo García-Buendía, Darío Martínez-García, Ignacio J Chirosa Ríos, Luis J Chirosa Ríos, Ángela Rodríguez-Perea","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>García-Buendía, G, Martínez-García, D, Chirosa Ríos, IJ, Chirosa Ríos, LJ, and Rodríguez-Perea, Á. The kinetic link: Investigating shoulder strength as a determinant of throwing velocity in handball players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-This study explores the relationship between shoulder strength and throwing velocity in 34 amateur handball players (26 males, 8 females), with an average age of 22.47 years, using a cross-sectional study design. Measurements of shoulder strength included flexion, extension, horizontal abduction, horizontal adduction, and both internal and external rotation. The analysis also measured throwing velocity before a standard training session. Our results show a significant correlation between horizontal abduction strength and throwing velocity (r: 0.752; p < 0.001). A composite shoulder strength score, derived from average z-scores across all strength tests, demonstrated a large to very large correlation with throwing velocity (r: 0.661-0.701). Multiple regression analysis identified several key predictors of peak throwing velocity: height, peak concentric extension, mean concentric horizontal abduction, and eccentric external rotation, which together explained 68% of the variance in throwing velocity. These findings underscore the importance of these specific shoulder movements and their contribution to effective throwing performance in handball. The study highlights that a targeted approach to strength training, emphasizing these critical movements, could significantly enhance throwing velocity in amateur handball players.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Supplementation on Special Endurance and Response Time of Elite Wrestlers.","authors":"Dariusz Gierczuk, Ewa Jówko, Włodzimierz Zawadzki, Igor Cieśliński, Jerzy Sadowski","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Gierczuk, D, Jówko, E, Zawadzki, W, Cieśliński, I, and Sadowski, J. Effects of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) supplementation on special endurance and response time of elite wrestlers. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ashwagandha supplementation on special endurance and response time of highly qualified wrestlers participating in a structured sports training process (preparatory period). In the randomized, double-blind manner, national team wrestlers received either placebo or ashwagandha extract (600 mg·d-1) for 8 weeks. Twice during the 8-week study period: Pre-intervention (term I) and post-intervention (term II), special endurance (using the dummy suplex throw test), and response time to a stimulus (decision test using the Vienna Test System) were assessed. In term II, as compared with term I, an increase in special endurance (total number of throws) occurred in both groups (main effect of time: p = 0.000001, post hoc p < 0.001). In addition, both groups experienced favorable changes in the number of correct reactions (main time effect: p = 0.002; post hoc p < 0.05) and the time of choice reaction (main time effect: p = 0.0001, post hoc p < 0.01). By contrast, no main effect of group or time × group interaction was found in the parameters studied (p > 0.05). In conclusion, in highly qualified wrestlers performing a training program during the preparatory period, 8-week supplementation with ashwagandha at a dose of 600 mg per day does not appear to offer additional benefits in terms of an increase in special endurance and an improvement in response time to stimuli beyond those observed as a result of training. Further research is needed using either longer periods of ashwagandha supplementation or in the search for other dietary supplements to support the training process of wrestlers.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}