Journal of Small Animal Practice最新文献

{"title":"Detection frequency, sonoanatomy and reference values of the duodenal papillae and connected anatomical structures in cats","authors":"R. Leppin","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13813","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13813","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the detection frequency, sonoanatomy and reference values of the duodenal papillae and connected anatomical structures in cats, with reference to gross anatomical and histopathological nomenclature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A prospective, case-controlled study of sonographic examinations of the duodenal papillae in 50 client-owned cats using an ultrasound device (Logiq E9, GE Healthcare) with a 15 MHz linear transducer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The major duodenal papilla was found in 100% of cases, the minor duodenal papilla in 10%. The common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct could be traced to the duodenum in all of the cats. After an extramural part, in which the two ducts extend in a parallel fashion, they entered the duodenal wall. The subsequent intramural part was divided into three sections: the portio infundibularis, the portio submucosa and the major duodenal papilla. The 27 clinically healthy cats had a mean portio infundibularis length, width, and height in mm of 3.7, 2.5 and 2.2, respectively. These dimensions were 3.5, 2.1, 2.9 for the portio submucosa and 0.5, 2.1, 2.9 for the major duodenal papilla. Calculi in the major duodenal papilla were found in 12% of the cats. The course of the accessory pancreatic duct from the pancreas through the MIDP into the duodenum was documented.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ultrasonographic examination of the duodenal papillae is easy to perform and it can be considered part of the routine examination for feline patients presenting with relevant clinical signs, in some cases to help establish a diagnosis and plan treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 3","pages":"187-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical presentation, diagnostic findings and short-term outcome in French bulldogs with presumptive spinal only meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin: 15 cases (2016-2023)","authors":"R. Boudou,&nbsp;T. Troupel,&nbsp;A. S. Bedu,&nbsp;A. Dussaux,&nbsp;G. Dutil,&nbsp;H. Frankar,&nbsp;L. Giraud,&nbsp;S. Papageorgiou,&nbsp;N. van Caenegem,&nbsp;A. Jeandel","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13812","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13812","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe clinical presentation, diagnostic findings and outcome of presumptive spinal only meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin in French bulldogs, and to compare clinical presentation between intervertebral disc herniation and spinal only meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin in this breed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Medical records of French bulldogs diagnosed with presumptive spinal only meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin in seven referral centres were reviewed. Clinical presentation was compared to a group of French bulldogs with intervertebral disc herniation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifteen French bulldogs were included. Median age at presentation was 31 months. Most dogs were presented with a chronic onset (54%), and the median duration of clinical signs before diagnosis was 21 days. The most common presentation was ambulatory paresis and proprioceptive ataxia (80%). Spinal pain was uncommon (20%). There was no preferential location between the cervical and thoracolumbar segments. In all but one case, magnetic resonance imaging revealed broad focal or multifocal, poorly defined, intramedullary lesions that typically appeared hyperintense on T2W images and isointense on T1W images with parenchymal and/or meningeal contrast enhancement in 12 dogs (80%). Median total nucleated cell count in cerebrospinal fluid was 15 cells/mm³ with predominance of mononuclear cells in all cases. Follow-up (available for 12 dogs, ranging from 1 month to 1 year) indicated initial positive response to various immunosuppressive treatments in all but one case, with subsequent suspected relapse in three cases. Dogs with spinal only meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin had longer clinical sign duration compared to intervertebral disc herniation cases (60 dogs) (21 days compared to 3 days, respectively) and less frequent spinal pain during examination (20% compared to 75%, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spinal only meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin is an uncommon cause of myelopathy in French bulldogs that should be particularly considered in young adults with non-acute and non-painful presentation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 2","pages":"121-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyostotic vertebral osteomyelitis and myositis in a dog with Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens bacteraemia","authors":"T. Liatis,&nbsp;A. Skarbek,&nbsp;C. Jones,&nbsp;S. Wyatt","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13814","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13814","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A 12-year-old male neutered Dachshund presented following a 3-week history of lethargy, hyporexia, pyrexia and spinal pain, which acutely progressed to non-ambulatory paraparesis. Amoxicillin-clavulanate 20 mg/kg intravenously was administered once 1 day prior. The dog was diagnosed with sterile panniculitis 4-years prior and has since been maintained on oral prednisolone (currently 0.8 mg/kg once on alternate days). Physical examination revealed pyrexia and generalised poor muscling. Neuroanatomical localisation was consistent with a T3-L3 myelopathy. Haematology revealed inflammatory leukogram, and anaemia (28.5%, reference intervals [RI]: 37% to 55%), whilst serum biochemistry revealed increased C-reactive protein (167.6 mg/L, RI &lt;10 mg/L). CT revealed polyostotic osteolytic lesions affecting multiple vertebrae (Fig 1), the right eleventh rib, iliac wings and left scapula. Additionally, there were thickened heterogeneously hyperattenuating and moderately enhancing paraspinal soft tissues and a cranial mediastinal lymphadenomegaly. Differential diagnoses included vertebral osteomyelitis (bacterial/fungal) or neoplasia (multiple myeloma/multifocal osteosarcoma). Urinalysis was unremarkable including negative Bence-Jones proteins. CT-guided cytology of T5 and L3 vertebrae and paraspinal muscles suggested neutrophilic inflammation, whilst hepatic and splenic cytology were unremarkable. Bone marrow cytology and biopsy from the right ilium revealed myeloid hyperplasia without evidence of microorganisms or neoplastic cells. Bacterial and fungal cultures from urine and bone marrow were negative. Blood culture was positive to <i>Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens</i> and a diagnosis of suspected bacterial vertebral osteomyelitis and myositis was made. Concurrent meningomyelitis cannot be excluded as cerebrospinal fluid analysis was not performed. Treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanate for 12 weeks and multimodal analgesia was initiated, and prednisolone was discontinued. At 8-weeks, the dog was comfortable but remained non-ambulatory, and subsequently had a relapse of clinical signs (pyrexia, anorexia and marked spinal hyperaesthesia) 4 weeks after discontinuation of antibiotics. <i>A. succiniciproducens</i> is a rare anaerobic bacterium considered part of the normal gastrointestinal microbiota in dogs and it has been implicated in sporadic cases of bacteraemia, usually in immunocompromised human patients. In this case, chronic immunosuppression was proposed as a cause for opportunistic bacterial infection with a commensal species. Urine and bone marrow cultures may be negative due to prior use of antibiotics or their low sensitivity in regions with mild lesions and low microbial burden (e.g., iliac bone).</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 3","pages":"215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jsap.13814","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of bile acids and bilirubin in serum and abdominal fluid in dogs with abdominal effusion","authors":"M. Pascual Moreno,&nbsp;P. Monti,&nbsp;M. Seth,&nbsp;F. Valls Sanchez","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13805","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13805","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determine the utility of abdominal fluid bile acids concentration to diagnose biliary tract rupture and the utility of abdominal fluid-to-serum bilirubin ratio as diagnostic tools in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a prospective pilot study. Canine serum and abdominal fluid samples were collected and submitted for the determination of bilirubin and bile acids concentrations between 2020 and 2022. Samples were measured at the time of admission from dogs with acute onset of clinical signs and peritoneal fluid. A Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> test and ROC curves were used to compare serum and abdominal fluid bilirubin and bile acids concentration and fluid-to-serum bilirubin and bile acids ratio between patients with biliary tract rupture and non-biliary tract rupture.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety-four cases were included, of which seven were diagnosed with biliary tract rupture. Median abdominal fluid bile acids concentration was significantly higher in dogs with biliary tract rupture than non-biliary tract rupture (P-value &lt;0.001). Abdominal fluid bile acids concentration had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 99% for the diagnosis of biliary tract rupture. Fluid-to-serum bilirubin ratio was also analysed and no statistically significant difference was seen between groups (P-value 0.925).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although the number of dogs with biliary tract rupture in this study population was small, abdominal fluid bile acids concentration may have a better accuracy than fluid-to-serum bilirubin ratio for the diagnosis of biliary tract rupture. The utility of fluid-to-serum bilirubin ratio for the diagnosis of biliary tract rupture, appears limited. Further studies with a larger number of biliary tract rupture cases are required to support these conclusions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 3","pages":"171-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of veterinary classification schemes, serum ascites albumin gradient, and Boyer's criteria in discriminating transudates from exudates in ascitic dogs","authors":"F. Busato,&nbsp;G. Gianesini,&nbsp;M. Drigo,&nbsp;A. Zoia","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13804","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13804","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the parameters utilised by and the diagnostic performance of two traditional veterinary classification schemes (named A and B) based on ascites total protein and total nucleated cell count, the Boyer's criteria based on ascites lactic dehydrogenase activity, its serum ratio and the serum total protein, a simplified Boyer's criteria based on ascites lactic dehydrogenase activity and serum total protein only, and finally the serum-ascites albumin gradient in discriminate the pathophysiological origin of the ascites formation in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional study including 291 client-owned dogs with ascites. Ascites aetiology was used to classify the pathophysiology of its formation. Parameters measured and calculated included ascites total protein, ascites total nucleated cell count, ascites lactic dehydrogenase activity and its serum ratio, serum total protein, and the serum-ascites albumin gradient.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 33 transudates due to decreased colloid osmotic pressure, 69 transudates due to increased hydrostatic pressure gradient, and 189 exudates. Simplified Boyer's criteria misclassified 16 of 291 ascites (94.5% accuracy; 95% confidence interval: 91.2 to 96.8) and Boyer's criteria misclassified 21 of 291 ascites (92.8% accuracy; 95% confidence interval: 89.2 to 95.5). The traditional veterinary classification scheme B misclassified 71 of 291 ascites (75.6% accuracy; 95% confidence interval: 70.3 to 80.4) and scheme A 130 of 291 (55.3% accuracy; 95% confidence interval: 49.4 to 61.1). Finally, the serum-ascites albumin gradient misclassified 100 of 291 ascites (65.6% accuracy; 95% confidence interval: 59.9 to 71.1).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Boyers' criteria and a simplified Boyer's criteria were highly accurate in discriminating exudates from transudates, while the other classification schemes had significantly less diagnostic value in doing so.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 3","pages":"158-170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimally invasive technique to facilitate ultrasound-guided removal of migrating foreign bodies: eight cases (2022)","authors":"C. Brincin,&nbsp;O. J. Anderson,&nbsp;E. J. Field,&nbsp;C. Howes,&nbsp;E. Reeve,&nbsp;D. Sutton","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13808","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13808","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Migrating foreign bodies is common in cats and dogs and can be challenging to retrieve. The aim of this study is to describe a minimally invasive ultrasound-guided technique for the removal of migrating foreign bodies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cases were retrospectively recruited from a single referral hospital. Soft tissue swelling with suspected abscessation was identified on CT and the presence of migrating foreign material was confirmed on ultrasound. Foreign body retrieval was performed under ultrasound guidance: a large bore cannula (14G) was placed in direct contact with the foreign body. A pair of 16G flexible grasping forceps was passed through the sheath of the cannula and the foreign material was grasped and removed. Follow-up was obtained via patient records or telephone conversation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seven dogs and one cat were included in this series. This technique was successful in removing foreign material from the neck (<i>n</i> = 4) and retro-bulbar area (<i>n</i> = 3). One retro-bulbar foreign body could not be safely removed due to its proximity to the globe. Median procedure duration was 20 minutes (range 5 to 35 minutes). Follow-up was available for seven cases at a median of 6 months (range 0.5 to 6 months). There was no recurrence of clinical signs in six out of seven cases. The swelling recurred at a different location in one case and no further foreign material was identified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This technique enabled retrieval of migrating foreign material from the retro-bulbar and cervical regions. This was an efficient and minimally invasive technique that spared the need for surgical exploration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 2","pages":"131-138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical management of a cervical oesophageal duplication cyst with tracheal communication in a dog","authors":"S. Costello,&nbsp;L. Woolford,&nbsp;R. M. Basa","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13807","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13807","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Foregut duplication cysts can arise anywhere in the gastrointestinal system, leading to non-specific clinical signs in small animals. There are few reports of foregut duplication cysts in the literature that have been managed surgically. This report describes a case of multilevel foregut duplication cysts in a dog, including a cervical oesophageal duplication cyst with tracheal communication. Surgical treatment by resection resulted in the resolution of clinical signs. No clinical evidence of recurrence was noted at 12 months post-operatively. Surgical resection may be a feasible option for the management of foregut duplication cysts that cause clinical signs in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 3","pages":"203-208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jsap.13807","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperfibrinolysis in a dog with strongyloidiasis","authors":"C. E. Mace,&nbsp;E. N. Barker","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13803","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13803","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A female entire dog with a history of travel from Eastern Europe, coprophagia, and absent prophylactic treatment against parasites, developed excessive haemorrhage during elective ovariohysterectomy, resulting in abandonment of the procedure. Physical examination and abdominal ultrasound were unremarkable. Routine blood analysis was unremarkable and there was no support for angiostrongylosis or the presence of common travel-associated infectious agents. Viscoelastic testing demonstrated hyperfibrinolysis and Baermann's faecal analysis documented <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> infection. They were treated with ivermectin, with a resolution of hyperfibrinolysis. This is the first description of transient hyperfibrinolysis associated with strongyloidiasis in the dog, although hyperfibrinolysis has been described in association with other helminth infections in the dog and in other host species. Strongyloidiasis should be considered as an uncommon cause of acquired clinical hyperfibrinolysis, particularly in dogs where common differentials have been excluded.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 2","pages":"139-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of uropathogens in dogs and cats with signs of urinary tract infection","authors":"J. López-Córdova,&nbsp;P. Machuca,&nbsp;T. Araya-Contreras,&nbsp;C. Briceño-Montero,&nbsp;S. Pérez-Tobar,&nbsp;P. Faúndez Comte,&nbsp;M. Castillo-Ruiz,&nbsp;M. Bittner","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13800","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13800","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine the prevalence of uropathogens in dogs and cats with signs of urinary tract infection and to characterise their antimicrobial susceptibility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Urine samples from canine and feline patients with clinical signs of urinary tract infection were collected between September 2015 and December 2019 in Santiago, Chile. Bacterial identification and bacterial susceptibility profile was performed through biochemical and antimicrobial susceptibility tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four hundred sixty-six samples from dogs (37.7%) and 152 from cats (26.1%) showed bacterial growth. Positive samples were mainly from females (dogs: 52.8%; cats: 48.0%), with the highest infection rates in senior dogs (57.7%) and adult cats (45.4%). A single organism caused the infection in 78.2% of the cases, whereas the remaining 21.8% corresponded to a mixed infection. The most prevalent isolated pathogen in dogs and cats was <i>Escherichia coli</i> (42.6% and 49.7%, respectively). <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (15.6% and 14.6%), <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. (8.6% and 15.2%) and <i>Proteus</i> spp. (9.7% and 6.4%) were also commonly isolated. A total of 52.4% of <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, 44.3% to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 40.0% to cephradine and 25.3% to ciprofloxacin. Regarding the other three uropathogens commonly isolated in this study, all of them showed a percentage of resistance to the antimicrobials analysed. In addition, 24.6% of multidrug resistance was detected in the <i>E. coli</i> isolates. Penicillin, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones showed the lowest susceptibility levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The observed high rates of resistance to commonly prescribed antimicrobials raise concerns for public health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 3","pages":"177-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal dysbiosis following antibacterial monotherapy in canine otitis externa","authors":"J. Juhola,&nbsp;E. Brennan,&nbsp;E. A. Ferguson,&nbsp;A. Loeffler,&nbsp;A. Hendricks,&nbsp;S. M. Frosini,&nbsp;Y. M. Chang,&nbsp;R. Bond","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13801","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13801","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate evidence of <i>Malassezia</i> overgrowth following successful topical antibacterial monotherapy of refractory canine bacterial otitis using semi-quantitative cultures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-nine dogs with bacterial otitis were treated topically with either fluoro-quinolone [0.5% enrofloxacin (18 dogs, 19 treatment events, 25 ears) or 0.1% marbofloxacin (1 ear), with 0.1% dexamethasone] (“FQ”) SID, or 143 mg/mL piperacillin/18 mg/mL tazobactam (“PT”) BID (11 dogs, 14 treatment events, 19 ears) for 8 to 36 days (mean 20 days). At visits 1 (V1) and 2 (V2), ear swab tips were washed in PBS + Triton X-100 and serial dilutions spread-plated onto blood, MacConkey (37°C, 48 hours) and modified Dixon's agar (32°C, 14 days) to generate semiquantitative counts. Microbes were identified by phenotype and MALDI-TOF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prior to treatment, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> was isolated alone or in combination with other bacteria in 14 FQ-treated ears and 18 PT-treated ears; the next most frequent bacteria were <i>Streptococcus canis</i> (8 FQ, 2 PT) and <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> (8 FQ, 1 PT). The proportions of dogs' ears (excluding cross-over treatments and contra-lateral affected ears) from which bacteria were isolated were significantly reduced by treatment with both FQ (V1, 13/15; V2, 5/15) and PT (V1, 14/14; V2, 2/14). The proportions of dogs' ears from which yeasts (<i>Malassezia pachydermatis</i>, <i>Candida</i> spp.) were isolated were significantly increased by treatment in dogs treated with PT (V1, 1/14; V2, 14/14) but not FQ (V1, 3/15; V2, 6/15).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Otitis cases that receive potent antibacterial monotherapy must be monitored for yeast overgrowth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 3","pages":"149-157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jsap.13801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}