Journal of Small Animal Practice最新文献

{"title":"Prognostic factors and long-term outcome in dogs diagnosed with primary and secondary immune thrombocytopenia in Ireland.","authors":"E López-Bailén, A Duclos, D Mullany, K Le Boedec, B Cuq","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of this study were to describe the outcome and prognostic factors in dogs diagnosed with primary and secondary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Medical records of dogs diagnosed with primary and secondary ITP in a referral hospital in Ireland were retrospectively evaluated. Short- and long-term survivals were analysed using Cox proportional-hazards regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Medical records from 49 dogs were included. Primary and secondary ITP were diagnosed in 81.25% and 18.75% of dogs, respectively. The survival rate was 69% at 2 weeks (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54 to 0.80), 63% at 3 months (95% CI: 0.48 to 0.75) and 51% at 2 years (95% CI: 0.37 to 0.65). The overall median survival time was 985 days (primary ITP only: 1084 days; secondary ITP only: 225 days). Dogs surviving 30 days post-diagnosis had a median long-term survival time of 10 years. A lower haematocrit was negatively associated with survival [hazard ratio (HR) 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92 to 0.99]. Neutrophilia (HR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.96) was associated with a 66% decreased risk of death. Band neutrophilia was associated with shorter hospitalisation (regression coefficient -3.56, 95% CI: -5.70 to -1.42). Presence of petechiae and ecchymoses (regression coefficient 2.41, 95% CI: 0.41 to 4.42), and the use of a second-line immunosuppressive agent (SLI) (regression coefficient 2.11, 95% CI: 0.11 to 4.12) were significantly associated with longer hospitalisation but not with survival.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>A lower haematocrit was the only variable associated with a worse prognosis in dogs diagnosed with ITP. Dogs with confirmed secondary ITP had an overall shorter median survival time. Dogs surviving over 30 days had an excellent prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative methylene blue staining is effective as a single mapping technique in the identification of sentinel lymph nodes in dogs with low-grade mast cell tumours.","authors":"S Zanardi, D Guerra, S Sabattini, A Foglia, S Del Magno, V Cola, L Pisoni, L Ciammaichella, E Faroni, C Agnoli, A Renzi, L Marconato","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this prospective study was to assess the association between methylene blue staining pattern and the presence of histologic nodal metastasis in dogs with low-grade mast cell tumour in low-resource settings for the efficient diagnosis of lymphatic spread.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dogs with a single, cytologically low-grade mast cell tumour and no documented distant metastases were prospectively included and underwent surgery. Along with primary mast cell tumour removal, intraoperative sentinel lymph node mapping with peritumoral mast cell tumour injection and regional lymph node excision, regardless of whether blue dye was visible in the lymph node, were performed. Association between the lymph nodes with dye uptake (stained) and their metastatic status was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five dogs were enrolled, and at least one stained lymph node was identified in 22 (88%) of them. A total of 49 lymphocentres were surgically inspected, and a total of 53 lymph nodes were removed. Twenty-nine (54.7%) lymph nodes were stained, and 24 (45.3%) were unstained. Among the 29 stained lymph nodes, there were seven (24.1%) HN0, seven (24.1%) HN1, seven (24.1%) HN2 and eight (27.7%) HN3. Among the 24 unstained lymph nodes, 17 (70.8%) were HN0 and seven (29.2%) were HN1. No complications related to methylene blue injection were recorded.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Peritumoral methylene blue injection is a cost-effective alternative technique for detecting sentinel lymph node for dogs with mast cell tumours, particularly in economically constrained settings. All metastatic lymph nodes (HN2/HN3) were stained, and all unstained lymph nodes were non-metastatic (HN0/HN1).</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary uterine large granular lymphocyte lymphoma in an ovariectomised cat.","authors":"Y Cuzzupè, B Banco, N Boffa, A Arcangeli, R Franchi, D Volpi, R Finotello","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary uterine lymphoma is an extremely rare disease. An 11-year-old spayed female domestic short-haired cat presented with a 3-month history of mucopurulent vaginal discharge, lethargy, acute vomiting and constipation. Physical examination revealed vulvar swelling, purulent discharge and a mass in the mid-caudal abdomen. A CT scan identified a large uterine mass, displacing the colon dorsally and the urethra ventrally. A hysterectomy was performed. Histology and immunohistochemistry confirmed a T-cell uterine transmural medium to large cell lymphoma. One-month post-surgery, an abdominal ultrasound showed thickening of the jejunal loops, enlarged lymph nodes and nodular peritoneal lesions at the surgical site. Cytology raised suspicion of large granular lymphocyte lymphoma, confirmed by anti-Granzyme B immunohistochemistry on the uterine tissue specimen. The final diagnosis was primary uterine large granular lymphocyte lymphoma, marking the first reported case in small animal oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiographic diagnosis of a catheter rupture in a ventriculoperitoneal shunt following head trauma in a dog","authors":"L. Martin Garcia,&nbsp;R. Gutierrez-Quintana,&nbsp;V. Gonzalo Nadal,&nbsp;A. Cloquell Miro","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13802","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13802","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Four-year-old male neutered Border Collie presented with a 3-month history of proprioceptive ataxia, low head carriage, delayed postural reactions on thoracic limbs and neck pain. The patient was diagnosed with congenital obstructive hydrocephalus with secondary syringohydromyelia and underwent a successful ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) surgery. A year after surgery, the dog presented with the same neurological signs 2 weeks after suffering head trauma. On manual palpation, the VPS valve was firmly filled and non-compressible suggesting the presence of an occlusion distally to the valve. Right lateral and dorsoventral radiographic images of the neck, thorax and abdomen were obtained to assess the integrity of the shunt catheters and valve. Dorsoventral images showed a rupture of the distal catheter proximally to the valve, which was easily missed in the lateral views (Fig 1A, B). Computed tomography confirmed the radiological findings (Fig 1C), and no other abnormalities were noted. The patient underwent revision surgery (Fig 1D), and the affected part of the shunt catheter and the valve were replaced. The patient recovered successfully and 1 month after surgery, neurological examination demonstrated mild proprioceptive ataxia, with the rest of the signs resolved. As previously described in the veterinary literature, complications following VPS placement include ventricular catheter migration, infection, kinking of the catheter, disconnection between the catheters and the valve, under or excessive drainage and abdominal skin necrosis. To the author's knowledge, this is the first case of VPS rupture following head trauma, which should be considered in patients with a history of head trauma after shunt placement who present with relapse of neurological signs. This case emphasises the importance of performing orthogonal radiographic views of the shunting route, and the potential use of the manual evaluation (by pumping) of the valve reservoir for testing VPS sufficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 3","pages":"214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jsap.13802","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute and chronic systemic inflammation associated with canine nodular splenic lesions composed of heterogeneous cell components: four cases (2020-2024).","authors":"K Mourou, Y Abou Monsef, S Belluco, M Penent, M Delverdier, M Hugonnard, F Granat, R Lavoue, M Mantelli","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the clinical presentation and clinicopathological findings of dogs with nodular splenic lesions composed of heterogeneous cell components associated with systemic inflammation and to provide information on the outcome after surgical resection.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Medical records were searched for dogs with histologically and immunohistochemically characterised nodular splenic lesions with mixed stromal, histiocytic and lymphoid cells and the presence of systemic inflammatory markers at the time of diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four dogs were included, of which three had an undifferentiated splenic stromal sarcoma and one had a splenic leiomyosarcoma. Fever and abdominal pain were reported in three and four cases, respectively. All dogs showed hyperglobulinaemia and marked changes in the serum protein electrophoresis profile. C-reactive protein and fibrinogen concentrations were both increased in three cases. These abnormalities completely resolved after splenectomy. Moreover, two dogs had concomitant glomerular disease and one dog had liver amyloidosis. Three dogs were still alive and asymptomatic 1, 6 and 9 months after surgery. One dog died 16 months after the initial presentation due to complications related to progressive renal failure.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Based on this report, nodular splenic lesions with heterogeneous cell components may directly be associated with a pro-inflammatory state and should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis of fever and hyperglobulinaemia in dogs. Furthermore, early recognition and treatment of these lesions could reduce the risk of systemic complications potentially associated with amyloid deposit and organ failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic resonance manifestation of diffuse osteopenia in a cat with presumed nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism, hypocobalaminaemia and thiamine deficiency.","authors":"A Skarbek, C-G Danciu, J Fenn, J Klever","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13815","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compartmental location of middle ear inflammatory polyps in cats: 9 cases (2021-2023)","authors":"C. Bohin,&nbsp;M. Garcia,&nbsp;C. Bertinot,&nbsp;M. Graille,&nbsp;A. Bernardé","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13811","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13811","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To report the compartmental location of feline aural inflammatory polyps within the tympanic bulla.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nine client-owned cats with clinical signs and middle ear filling consistent with feline aural inflammatory polyps were prospectively pre-selected and underwent unilateral or bilateral ventral bulla osteotomy. Preoperative and surgical findings, complications and outcomes were recorded. Tissues obtained from the ventromedial compartment and from the dorsolateral compartment of the tympanic bulla were submitted separately for histological examination. Definitively selected cats were those having feline aural inflammatory polyps in at least one compartment of their operated tympanic bulla.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten ventral bulla osteotomies were performed on nine cats. Feline aural inflammatory polyps were histologically diagnosed in both compartments of all tympanic bullas. There were no intraoperative complications. Apart from Horner's syndrome on the ipsilateral eye following surgeries, post-operative complications were rare. This is the first study that documents the presence of feline aural inflammatory polyps in both compartments of the tympanic bulla in all cats with aural involvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Should a complete excision of feline aural inflammatory polyps be desired, complete debridement of both compartments of the tympanic bulla is required. Traction-avulsion techniques using approaches of tympanic bulla with no visit of the ventromedial compartment may not completely resolve the condition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":"66 3","pages":"197-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective analysis of the incidence and clinicopathological findings associated with ammonium urate urolithiasis in dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts: 363 cases (2010-2023).","authors":"M Walton-Clark, V Travail, T Sparks, A Eiras-Diaz, A Davenport, A Holmes, A Kent, C Prior, C Stilwell Breakspear, C Dye, C Good, C Motta, F Valls Sanchez, F Pilati, G McLauchlan, G Ruiz, I Brás, J Scott, K Clarke, K Peak, L Goonan, M Ots, M Rossell Garcia, N Lau, N Mansbridge, P Garcia Dominguez, S Conway, S Keyte, T Chapman, T Conley, V Black, V Coates, A DiBella","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the incidence and clinical findings associated with the presence of ammonium urate urolithiasis in dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective review of dogs diagnosed with extrahepatic portosystemic shunts or intrahepatic portosystemic shunts in 15 referral hospitals between 2010 and 2023. Data including signalment, clinical signs, physical examination findings and clinicopathologic test results at the time of the diagnosis were collected, and the presence of ammonium urate urolithiasis was recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 363 dogs were included. The overall incidence of ammonium urate urolithiasis was 19.3%. Dogs with extrahepatic portosystemic shunts were more likely to have urolithiasis compared to those with intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (32.2% vs. 8.0%). Dogs with urolithiasis were older (median 40 vs. 8 months) and more likely to be neutered males (51.4% vs. 9.8%). Ammonia was significantly lower in dogs with urolithiasis. Dogs with urolithiasis were more likely to have haematuria on dipstick analysis and sediment examination.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Dogs with extrahepatic portosystemic shunts were more likely to have urolithiasis when compared to dogs with intrahepatic portosystemic shunts. Dogs with higher ammonia levels were less likely to have ammonium urate urolithiasis, and older dogs, neutered males, or those with evidence of haematuria had an increased incidence of urolithiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of vapocoolant spray compared to eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream to enhance tolerance during intravenous catheterisation: a randomised controlled trial.","authors":"R Trinder, J Pak, K Humm, L Cole","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine if tolerance of intravenous catheterisation differs following the application of vapocoolant spray compared to lidocaine/prilocaine cream in dogs and cats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A randomised controlled trial of client-owned dogs and cats requiring intravenous catheterisation was performed. They were randomly allocated to either have lidocaine/prilocaine cream applied to their skin 1 hour prior to intravenous catheterisation or a swab saturated with vapocoolant spray applied immediately prior to intravenous catheterisation. The procedure was video-recorded and a single blinded observer reviewed the recordings and assigned reaction scores (0 to 3) at 4 time points (initial restraint, limb handling, swab application and skin puncture).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between October 2020 and March 2022, a total of 101 animals (83 dogs and 18 cats) were enrolled, with 56 patients randomised to receive vapocoolant spray and 45 to receive lidocaine/prilocaine cream. There was no significant difference in the age, sex status, number of cross and pure breeds, and mentation detected between the groups. There was no significant difference in reaction scores between the treatments when comparing all patients at any time point except for a significantly increased swab application reaction score in patients receiving vapocoolant spray. Vapocoolant spray was significantly less effective in reducing adverse reaction to skin puncture than lidocaine/prilocaine cream in the small number of cats evaluated.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>When considering all patients together, no single method of anaesthesia appeared superior for improving tolerance of intravenous catheter placement. However, vapocoolant spray may be less effective than lidocaine/prilocaine cream in reducing adverse response to skin puncture during catheterisation in cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conference report from the abstracts of the canine section at The 9th International Conference on Canine and Equine Locomotion, Utrecht 2023.","authors":"C B Gómez Álvarez, M Teunissen","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This conference report summarises the abstracts on canine locomotion research presented in The 9th International Conference on Canine and Equine Locomotion, discusses the most relevant literature in relation to the topics presented in the meeting and highlights the importance of canine locomotion in veterinary medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}