Journal of Small Animal Practice最新文献

{"title":"Electronic cigarette or e-liquid (vape liquid) exposure in dogs: 321 cases (2011-2024).","authors":"N Bates, H Towner, J N Edwards","doi":"10.1111/jsap.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the clinical signs, treatments performed, poison severity and outcome in dogs exposed to electronic cigarettes or e-liquids.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cases of dogs with exposure to electronic cigarettes or e-liquid and known outcome in the Veterinary Poisons Information Service (VPIS) database were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 321 dogs, 170 (53%) remained asymptomatic. Oral/buccal exposure was the most common route of exposure (98.8%). One dog had the liquid applied in the ear, two had ocular exposure and two had both ocular and oral exposure. The most common signs were emesis (23.1% overall), hypersalivation (13.1%) and tachycardia (9.0%). The strength of the liquid was unknown in 22.7% of cases; where known, the most common strength was 18 mg/mL (19.3%). The median dose of nicotine reported in cases of oral exposure was 2.6 mg/kg (n = 93), but was not related to severity of clinical signs; 94.4% remained well or developed only mild signs. Of the 321 dogs, 27.7% received no treatment or observation only; 45.2% received gut decontamination, most commonly activated charcoal only (23.7%) or oral lavage only (13.1%). The median recovery time was 3 hours. Of 151 dogs that developed signs, 149 recovered. One dog was euthanased due to financial constraints and, in the only fatal case, a dog collapsed and died at 3.5 hours.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Most dogs had none or only mild signs after exposure to electronic cigarette liquid. Severe poisoning is uncommon, and the severity of poisoning is unrelated to the reported dose.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to concern regarding the nomenclature of the TTTT technique.","authors":"R C D S Faustino","doi":"10.1111/jsap.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.70006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concern regarding the unjustified renaming of an established surgical technique in a recently published article.","authors":"M Petazzoni","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13912","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editor's note.","authors":"M Risselada","doi":"10.1111/jsap.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.70003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of anterior uveitis in dogs diagnosed with pyometra.","authors":"M Fortuny-Clanchet, D Costa, M Cairó","doi":"10.1111/jsap.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anterior uveitis in dogs hospitalised with a diagnosis of pyometra.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Dogs with a clinical diagnosis of pyometra admitted for surgery at the Hospital Veterinari Canis between November 2021 and February 2023 were prospectively included. A control group of hospitalised dogs without pyometra was also included. A daily ophthalmic examination was performed during hospitalisation. Diagnosis of anterior uveitis was made based on the presence of aqueous flare, low intraocular pressure with other associated ocular signs such as episcleral injection and miosis, as well as other inflammatory changes in the anterior chamber. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between pyometra and anterior uveitis development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty female dogs (99 eyes) with pyometra were included. Seventeen dogs with pyometra developed anterior uveitis (34%). The control group included 25 dogs (50 eyes) without pyometra, with one dog developing anterior uveitis (4%). Bilateral uveitis was diagnosed in 13 of the 17 dogs (76.5%), while 4 of the 17 (23.5%) developed unilateral uveitis. Signs of anterior ocular inflammation were mild in 13 of the 17 dogs (76.5%), presenting a low grade of aqueous flare or low intraocular pressure associated with different grades of episcleral injection and miosis. The presence of severe signs of ocular inflammation was detected in 4 of the 17 dogs (23.5%).</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Thirty-four percent of dogs with pyometra developed anterior uveitis. An ophthalmic examination during the hospitalisation is recommended to avoid vision-threatening complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytological and microbiological analysis of a Prototheca wickerhamii infection in a cat with cutaneous lesions successfully treated with intralesional amphotericin B.","authors":"A N Etchecopaz, L Del Vecchio, C Álvarez, M Mesplet, M L Cuestas","doi":"10.1111/jsap.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protothecosis is an emerging opportunistic infection caused by Prototheca microalgae, which are found in the environment and in the intestines of animals. Human and animal cases are increasing worldwide, presenting as either localised or severe disease. We report the first case of feline protothecosis in Argentina, successfully treated with intralesional amphotericin B for cutaneous lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory and fibrinolytic states in cats with and without cardiogenic atrial/arterial thromboembolism stratified by the presence and type of congestive heart failure.","authors":"F Busato, M Drigo, A Zoia","doi":"10.1111/jsap.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess whether cats with cardiogenic pleural effusion have less systemic inflammation or an enhanced systemic fibrinolysis, preventing cardiogenic atrial/arterial thromboembolism compared to cats with cardiac disease without pleural effusion.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study evaluating cats presented with cardiac disease: without congestive heart failure (n = 246), with cardiogenic pulmonary oedema (49) and with cardiogenic pleural effusion (94). At presentation, plasma fibrinogen and serum amyloid A were measured, and the fibrinogen:serum amyloid A (a marker of systemic fibrinolysis) was calculated. The frequency of cardiogenic atrial/arterial thromboembolism among groups was compared using the chi-squared test, whereas the other biomarkers were analysed using non-parametric tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of cardiogenic atrial/arterial thromboembolism was significantly higher in cats with pulmonary oedema (18/49, 36.7%) compared with cats without congestive heart failure (23/246, 9.3%) and with cardiogenic pleural effusion (9/94, 9.6%). The median serum amyloid A concentration in cats with cardiogenic pleural effusion (3.35 mg/L) was significantly higher than that in cats without congestive heart failure (0.65 mg/L), whereas no significant differences were found between cats with pulmonary oedema (1.4 mg/L) and those with pleural effusion or without congestive heart failure. After excluding 50 cats with cardiogenic atrial/arterial thromboembolism, there were 223 cats without congestive heart failure, 31 with pulmonary oedema, and 85 with pleural effusion. In the 85 cats without cardiogenic atrial/arterial thromboembolism and with cardiogenic pleural effusion, the median fibrinogen:serum amyloid A ratio (58) was significantly lower than the fibrinogen:serum amyloid A ratio (316) observed in the remaining 254 cats without cardiogenic atrial/arterial thromboembolism from the other two groups combined.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Enhanced systemic fibrinolysis may play a role in the lower cardiogenic atrial/arterial thromboembolism risk of cats with cardiogenic pleural effusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144784591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and clinical management of nail clipping in dogs under UK primary veterinary care.","authors":"L A Ahmed, M Somarriba, D C Brodbelt, D B Church, D G O'Neill","doi":"10.1111/jsap.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to report the frequency, risk factors and clinical management of nail clipping in dogs under primary veterinary care across the United Kingdom during 2019 within the VetCompass Programme.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>From a population of 2,250,741 dogs under veterinary care, 2440 nail clipping cases (3380 events) were randomly selected. Data on demographics, clinical rationale and nail details were extracted from clinical notes. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted to estimate the 1-year (2019) proportion of nail clipping and to identify associations with demographic risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 1-year proportion of nail clipping was 5.64% (95% CI 5.43 to 5.86). Breeds with the highest odds for nail clipping compared to non-designer crossbreds included Chihuahua (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.88 to 2.60), beagle (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.54 to 2.83) and Greyhound (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.97). Dogs aged (1 to 2) years had the highest odds (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.35 to 1.92). Nail clipping was the primary reason for veterinary visits in 59.4% of events, with overgrown or ingrown nails (12.66%) and broken claws or dewclaws (8.84%) being the most common clinical justifications.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The findings highlight the importance of veterinary-led nail care guidance to canine welfare, with breed-specific considerations. Further research is needed to better understand how the underlying biological and behavioural factors are affecting the variables identified here and contribute to nail clipping probability. Nail clipping should be prioritised in veterinary education and care strategies to address its clinical and welfare implications effectively due to its high frequency.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical technique, complications and follow-up of laparoscopic treatment of prostatic cysts in dogs: 12 cases (2017-2022).","authors":"F Massari, S Monti, M Jiménez Peláez","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13860","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the surgical technique, associated complications and 12-month outcomes in dogs that underwent laparoscopic treatment of prostatic cysts.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The medical records of dogs with prostatic cysts that were managed laparoscopically between 2017 and 2022 at two referral institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Intra- and post-operative complications were evaluated, and patients were required to have a minimum follow-up of 12 months for inclusion in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve client-owned dogs met the inclusion criteria. A three- or four-port technique was used depending on the surgeon's preference. Following deroofing of the prostatic cyst, urethral integrity was assessed intraoperatively. The cystic cavity was inspected for leakage while injecting saline into the distal urethra, confirming the absence of communication between the urethra and the prostatic cyst. The omentum was anchored to the prostatic body using either simple interrupted sutures or haemostatic clips, with the latter method considered subjectively more challenging by the authors. No major intra- or post-operative complications were reported. Minor intraoperative complications occurred in three of 12 patients, consisting of self-limiting haemorrhage. Minor post-operative complications included one case of transient urinary tenesmus, which resolved within 24 hours, and mild haematuria in one dog, which lasted for 3 days. No recurrence of the prostatic cysts was observed over the 12-month follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Laparoscopic excision with omentalisation is a feasible, effective and safe therapeutic approach for prostatic cysts in dogs confirmed to lack a communication between the prostatic cyst and the urethra.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":"547-555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous urinary bladder rupture in a dog with lymphoplasmacytic cystitis.","authors":"C Donà, M Manfredi, L Auletta, M Zambelli, E Brambilla, J Bassi, M Longo","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13858","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 10-year-old male mixed-breed dog presented with vomiting and anuria. The dog was living indoors, and no trauma was reported by the owner. Ultrasonography and a retrograde urethrogram revealed the presence of a urinary bladder leakage. A celiotomy was performed to repair a urinary bladder tear, along with a biopsy of the urinary bladder wall. Histopathological features consisted of lymphoplasmacytic cystitis with haemorrhages and multifocal fibrotic areas within the muscular layers. Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder without evidence of trauma is a well-known, though rare, condition in human medicine. The chronic inflammation detected in the present case, along with fibrosis, caused the weakening of the urinary bladder wall, leading to perforation. This is the first documented veterinary case of spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder secondary to chronic inflammation and highlights the importance of including this condition in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with uroperitoneum without underlying trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":"587-591"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}