Journal of Small Animal Practice最新文献_第2页

Pharmacokinetics of GS-441524 following intravenous remdesivir in six cats and results of therapeutic drug monitoring during treatment of feline infectious peritonitis: 22 cases (2021-2024).

IF 1.7 2区农林科学

Journal of Small Animal Practice Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13849

S J Coggins, M Govendir, J M Norris, R Malik, E J Hall, M F Thompson, B Kimble

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of GS-441524 following intravenous remdesivir in six cats and results of therapeutic drug monitoring during treatment of feline infectious peritonitis: 22 cases (2021-2024).","authors":"S J Coggins, M Govendir, J M Norris, R Malik, E J Hall, M F Thompson, B Kimble","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13849","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to: (1) characterise the pharmacokinetics of GS-441524 following intravenous (iv) administration of 15 mg/kg remdesivir (RDV) in client-owned cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP); (2) document plasma protein binding of GS-441524 in cats; (3) determine whether trough GS-441524 plasma concentrations predict 'simple remission' or survival to 18 months; (4) measure GS-441524 concentration in effusions relative to plasma; and (5) qualitatively assess excretion of GS-441524 in urine.Materials and methods: Six cats with FIP were administered 15 mg/kg iv RDV. Serial plasma GS-441524 concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Twenty-two cats with FIP had trough plasma concentrations monitored over a 12-week treatment period. Simultaneous effusion and plasma GS-441524 concentrations were compared, and urine was assessed for GS-441524 excretion.Results: The mean peak plasma concentration of GS-441524 (Cmax) after a single 15 mg/kg iv dose of RDV was 2632 ng/mL (SD 862); time to reach Cmax (Tmax) was 1 hour (SD 0); and elimination half-life (t1/2) was 5.14 hours (SD 0.81). GS-441524 was present in effusions (n = 3 cats) and eliminated in urine following treatment (n = 6 cats). Assessment of the predictive relationship between median GSTC and achieving 'simple remission' failed to demonstrate a significant correlation.Clinical significance: This study supports the use of RDV and GS-441524 for FIP treatment and suggests that population pharmacokinetic modelling is required to better explore the utility of therapeutic drug monitoring of GS-441524.","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tomographic, cadaveric and clinical study of safe corridors for insertion of implants in the thoracolumbar spine of dogs and cats using a lateral approach.

IF 1.7 2区农林科学

Journal of Small Animal Practice Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13850

R Lamère, S Scotti, M Saccone, L Meomartino, L Auletta, C Ragetly

{"title":"Tomographic, cadaveric and clinical study of safe corridors for insertion of implants in the thoracolumbar spine of dogs and cats using a lateral approach.","authors":"R Lamère, S Scotti, M Saccone, L Meomartino, L Auletta, C Ragetly","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13850","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to: describe a lateral vertebral corridor (T6-L7) for the implantation of screws and polymethylmethacrylate to treat thoracolumbar vertebral injuries; assess the feasibility and safety of this approach using computed tomography; assess the learning curve of this technique in canine cadavers; and assess the outcomes in injured dogs and cats in a retrospective clinical study.Materials and methods: Tomographic study: Lateral vertebral corridors were defined using computed tomography images of normal canine spines in the transverse plane. Cadaveric study: Corridors were drilled by a novice neurosurgeon on the cadavers, and deviation from an angle of 90° was evaluated on computed tomography in chronological order to assess the learning curve.Clinical study: The medical records (from 2008 to 2022) of dogs and cats treated for thoracolumbar vertebral injury using the lateral approach were reviewed.Results: Computed tomography revealed that the lateral corridors were safe and effective. A progressive reduction in the deviation between the measured and ideal insertion angles was observed in the cadaveric part of the study. Overall, 17/30 animals (56.7%) regained the ability to walk without assistance postoperatively and 3/11 animals (27.3%) that had lost deep pain sensation. There were 3/30 (10%) minor complications and 8/30 (26.7%) major complications, including perioperative death and euthanasia.Clinical significance: Lateral vertebral corridors with an orientation angle of 90° may be safely used in caudal thoracic and lumbar vertebrae (T6-L7) in a freehand technique to treat vertebral fractures and/or luxations in dogs and cats.","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple pathological bone fractures in a dog with adrenal-dependent Cushing's syndrome.

IF 1.7 2区农林科学

Journal of Small Animal Practice Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13848

C Melián, L Pérez-López, M Encinoso, F Suárez-Cabrera, O Quesada-Canales, J R Jaber

{"title":"Multiple pathological bone fractures in a dog with adrenal-dependent Cushing's syndrome.","authors":"C Melián, L Pérez-López, M Encinoso, F Suárez-Cabrera, O Quesada-Canales, J R Jaber","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13848","url":null,"abstract":"Pathological bone fractures may occur secondarily to Cushing's syndrome in people. Although low bone mineral density due to cortisol excess has been described in dogs, there is no evidence that dogs with Cushing's disease can develop osteoporosis or secondary bone fractures. Here, we report a case of a dog with Cushing's disease and multiple pathological bone fractures. A 14-year-old female spayed mixed-breed dog was attended due to progressive lethargy, weakness, difficulty moving, trembling and clinical signs of Cushing's syndrome (polyuria, polydipsia, alopecia and abdominal distension). After confirmation of the diagnosis of Cushing's disease and 2 days after starting trilostane treatment (0.27 mg/kg every 12 hours), the dog presented to our hospital with reluctance to rise. In the computed tomography scan, decreased bone density in cervical and thoracic vertebrae, ribs scapular bones and multiple rib fractures were detected. Despite 8 days of hospitalisation, reluctance to rise and walk persisted. Given the unfavourable progression of the diseases, the owner opted for euthanasia. Post mortem evaluation confirmed a cortical carcinoma of the left adrenal gland and thin, irregular spicules and trabeculae of compact bone and reduced thickness of the cortex of the ribs.","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of acepromazine vs. medetomidine on surgical time and complication rate during canine laparoscopic ovariectomy.

IF 1.7 2区农林科学

Journal of Small Animal Practice Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13835

R Rennick, J K McClaran, D M Neilson, S Sanchis-Mora, T Sparks

{"title":"Influence of acepromazine vs. medetomidine on surgical time and complication rate during canine laparoscopic ovariectomy.","authors":"R Rennick, J K McClaran, D M Neilson, S Sanchis-Mora, T Sparks","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13835","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the effect of acepromazine on surgical duration and complication rate when compared to medetomidine.Study design: A randomised, prospective clinical study.Animal or sample population: Thirty-two female entire dog.Methods: Thirty-two female entire dogs undergoing elective laparoscopic ovariectomy (lap-ove). Dogs were randomly assigned to pre-medication Group M (medetomidine, n = 20), or Group A (acepromazine, n = 12). Anaesthesia protocol was standardised and monitored by one anaesthetist. The surgeons were blinded for the group allocation. Time was recorded at predetermined intra-operative points. Surgical difficulty was subjectively assessed intra-operatively, as well as objectively scored following review of the surgical recordings. Procedural complications were recorded.Results: The mean ± SD surgical time from skin incision to removal of both ovaries was 11.8 ± 1.8 minutes and did not differ significantly between the two groups (M: 11.7 ± 1.6, A: 11.9 ± 2.3). Across the entire study population surgical difficulty was assessed as 'easy' in 14 dogs (44%), 'medium' difficulty in 14 dogs (44%) and 'marked' difficulty in four dogs (12%), while complication rate was 12.5% in both groups. There were no significant differences in difficulty or complication rate between groups.Conclusion: Choice of pre-medication did not significantly affect any of the outcomes measured.Clinical significance: Acepromazine may be used for sedation as part of a balanced premedication protocol as an alternative to medetomidine in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy without significantly increasing the procedure time, surgical difficulty or complication rate.","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computed tomographic appearance of gastropexy sites in dogs.

IF 1.7 2区农林科学

Journal of Small Animal Practice Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13842

J Einwaller, F Llabres-Diaz, C Jones, A Caine

{"title":"Computed tomographic appearance of gastropexy sites in dogs.","authors":"J Einwaller, F Llabres-Diaz, C Jones, A Caine","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13842","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To describe the computed tomography appearance of gastropexy sites and report their anatomical and suspected functional abnormalities.Materials and methods: Medical records of dogs with prior gastropexy undergoing abdominal computed tomography between December 2010 and June 2021 were reviewed from two veterinary hospitals. Dogs were categorised into two groups based on gastric anatomic distortion: anatomic (10) or non-anatomic (12).Results: A total of 22 dogs were included, with time since gastropexy ranging from 16 to 1552 days (median: 311 days). Computed tomography findings showed a median attenuation of 38.5 HU (range: 6 to 57) of the gastropexy site, as well as focal slight thickening of the gastric wall and adjacent muscle in all dogs. Neovascularisation at the gastropexy site was found in approximately 65% of the animals, while marked gastric dilatation was noted in 32%, and a gravel sign was observed in 73%. The anatomic group had broader pedicles and a greater distance from the xiphisternum and midline compared to the non-anatomic group. Median gastric angles were significantly smaller in the gastropexy groups (Anatomic: 85.5°; Non-anatomic: 52°) compared to a control group (132°).Clinical significance: The current study identified specific computed tomography imaging features of gastropexy sites contributing to a better understanding of the range of appearance and degree of detected anatomic distortion following gastropexy. It also identified signs of suspected gastric functional abnormalities in all gastropexy patients regardless of the degree of anatomic distortion.","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Right duplex kidney associated with ectopic ureter in an incontinent cat.

IF 1.7 2区农林科学

Journal of Small Animal Practice Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13845

K Baud, R Dittmann, D Rohner, T Francey, P Barge-Carmona

引用次数: 0

Correction to "WSAVA guidelines for the control of reproduction in dogs and cats".

IF 1.7 2区农林科学

Journal of Small Animal Practice Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13839

引用次数: 0

Coagulation status of immune-mediated polyarthritis in dogs.

IF 1.7 2区农林科学

Journal of Small Animal Practice Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13838

L A F Packham, V Black

{"title":"Coagulation status of immune-mediated polyarthritis in dogs.","authors":"L A F Packham, V Black","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13838","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To describe the coagulation status of dogs with immune-mediated polyarthritis.Materials and methods: Hospital records at a single referral centre were retrospectively reviewed for dogs diagnosed with immune-mediated polyarthritis. Cases were classified as hypercoagulable, normocoagulable, hypocoagulable, or hypercoagulable and hypocoagulable according to the results of viscoelastic testing performed at the time of diagnosis. Other data including signalment, body weight, age at diagnosis, haematological and biochemical laboratory findings, number of joints sampled and synovial fluid analysis, and short-term outcome were recorded. Breed predisposition was defined through comparison to the hospital population and odds ratio calculation.Results: Thirty-eight dogs were included with a median age of diagnosis of 4 years (range 9 months to 10 years). One dog (2.6%) was classified as hypercoagulable, 32 (84.2%) were classified as normocoagulable, four (10.5%) were classified as hypocoagulable and one dog (2.6%) had changes associated with both hypercoagulability and hypocoagulability.Clinical significance: In contrast to other systemic inflammatory disorders, immune-mediated polyarthritis was not commonly associated with either hypo- or hypercoagulability in this cohort of dogs.","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical value of amylase and its prognostic accuracy in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).

IF 1.7 2区农林科学

Journal of Small Animal Practice Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13843

A R Souza, S M Ozawa, M J Sadar, M D Gleeson, R James, S Chen, N Di Girolamo

{"title":"Clinical value of amylase and its prognostic accuracy in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).","authors":"A R Souza, S M Ozawa, M J Sadar, M D Gleeson, R James, S Chen, N Di Girolamo","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13843","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To retrospectively evaluate plasma amylase concentrations in client-owned guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) and determine a possible association with mortality.Materials and methods: Medical records of guinea pigs that had a biochemistry panel from four institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Guinea pigs were excluded from the study if plasma amylase concentrations were not measured or there was no follow-up 30 days after the initial biochemistry panel.Results: Two hundred seventy-eight guinea pigs were included. Odds of mortality were not linearly associated with increasing amylase concentrations, but higher mortality was seen with markedly elevated plasma amylase (1910 to 3985 U/L; 65.2% death). After multivariable adjustment, guinea pigs with markedly elevated plasma amylase concentrations were seven times more likely to die within 30 days compared to those with a concentration within the reference interval (1339 to 1573 U/L) (aOR: 7.98; adj. 95% CI: 3.29 to 19.35). In addition, BUN concentration higher than 62 mg/dL had a 29.97 times greater odds of 30-day mortality than those with a BUN concentration lower than 62 mg/dL (aOR: 29.97, adj. 95% CI: 3.78 to 237.65). The AUC of the ROC curve of amylase concentrations to predict 30-day mortality was 72.7% (95% CI: 65% to 79.9%).Clinical significance: While the exact pathophysiology of changes in plasma amylase concentrations in guinea pigs is unknown, this enzyme has clinical significance, considering that markedly elevated plasma amylase concentrations were associated with a higher risk of mortality. The actual prognostic capacity of the enzyme alone is limited and should be evaluated as part of a full clinical picture.","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High concordance of blood glucose measurement in dogs between a beta prototype glucometer device and a reference laboratory standard in a clinical setting.

IF 1.7 2区农林科学

Journal of Small Animal Practice Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13847

K Palladino, S Velineni, S Meyer, A Rhodes, S D Stewart

{"title":"High concordance of blood glucose measurement in dogs between a beta prototype glucometer device and a reference laboratory standard in a clinical setting.","authors":"K Palladino, S Velineni, S Meyer, A Rhodes, S D Stewart","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13847","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objective of this study was to confirm the accuracy of a new portable beta prototype glucometer device for monitoring blood glucose levels in dogs.Materials and methods: One hundred and three client-owned dogs with dysglycemia or normoglycemia were enrolled. A 3 mL whole blood sample was collected from a peripheral vein from each dog and divided into four aliquots. Blood glucose was measured from three of the aliquots on the beta prototype glucometer in triplicate. The remaining aliquot was used to measure packed cell volume, total solids, and blood glucose via a reference laboratory chemistry analyzer. Accuracy was assessed in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization guidelines.Results: The analytical performance of the beta prototype met the International Organization for Standardization accuracy requirements, with 95.1% of measurements falling within the International Organization for Standardization accuracy threshold as well as 100% of measurements being within zones A and B of the consensus error grid. Within the full range of glucose concentrations (20 to 750 mg/dL) the mean difference between the AT3 and reference lab analyzer was 2.53 mg/dL (95% limit of agreement: -45.27 to 50.34).Clinical significance: The beta prototype glucometer device had a strong correlation with the reference laboratory standard and can be used confidently in clinical patients for the accurate monitoring of blood glucose levels in dogs.","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0