Journal of Stored Products Research最新文献

{"title":"Effects of chitosan/cinnamaldehyde-based coatings on the quality preservation of peanut seed from fungal contamination","authors":"Shengjun Wu ,&nbsp;Ying Zhu ,&nbsp;Chengxuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Peanut seeds are highly susceptible to fungal contamination and insect infestation during ambient storage, leading to quality degradation, reduced germination, and hazardous aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) accumulation.</strong> This study evaluated the preservation efficacy of chitosan/cinnamaldehyde (CS/CA) composite coatings on peanut seeds during 12 months of storage. <strong>The synergistic action of CS (antimicrobial film-forming polymer) and CA (antifungal/antioxidant essential oil component) provided dual protection against biotic and oxidative damage.</strong> Compared to the untreated control, seeds coated with CS/0.5 % CA exhibited significantly reduced fungal proliferation (final count 2.0 log CFU/g versus 5.9 log CFU/g in control), diminished insect damage (1.9 % versus 4.6 %), and maintained enhanced germination capacity (82 % versus 61 %) over a 12-month storage period. Chitosan/cinnamaldehyde (CS/CA) composite coatings preserved peanut seeds for 12 months in this investigation. Antibiotic film-forming polymer CS and antifungal/antioxidant essential oil CA reduced biotic and oxidative damage. The controls had more fungal and insect damage than the CS/CA-treated seeds. CA formulations at 0.5 % and 1.0 % reduced <em>Aspergillus flavus</em> growth and AFB1 accumulation, resulting in final values of 7.0 and 6.0 μg/kg, much below the global regulatory limit of 20 μg/kg. CA also improved seed vigor measures, such as germination power and normal seedling rate The 1.0 % CA group had similar antifungal efficacy but reduced germination. The results indicate that the 0.5 % CS/CA coating is especially efficacious in extending seed viability, assuring safety, and preserving germination performance under ambient storage circumstances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 102924"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soybean storage and Preservation: A comprehensive review of post-harvest challenges, technologies, and global perspectives","authors":"T. Manjari ,&nbsp;JV. Jayasurya ,&nbsp;V.J. Maodiswari ,&nbsp;B. Prasanna ,&nbsp;B. Kavya ,&nbsp;S. Ambika ,&nbsp;Y. Manojkumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soybean (<em>Glycine max</em>) is widely regarded as one of the most important oilseeds crops worldwide, valued for its critical source of protein, oil, and feed. However, its high lipid content and sensitivity to environmental factors make soybean particularly vulnerable to post-harvest losses during storage and preservation. This review synthesizes current knowledge on soybean storage systems, encompassing pre-harvest and harvest practices, drying methods, and both traditional (bag, bin) and modern (silo, hermetic, modified atmosphere, refrigeration) storage approaches. It critically evaluates chemical, biological, and physical seed preservation methods, alongside eco-friendly alternatives such as bio-priming and seed pelleting. Special attention is given to key quality determinants including seed moisture, viability, respiration, packaging, and genotype-dependent responses. Comparative insights from major soybean economies Brazil, United States, Argentina, China, and India highlight how storage infrastructure, policy, and environmental conditions influence preservation outcomes. The review further explores limitations in current storage strategies, such as lipid oxidation, microbial infestation, and inadequate farmer-level facilities, and identifies emerging opportunities in nanotechnology, smart packaging, and climate-resilient preservation systems. Future research must integrate sustainable storage technologies with real-time quality monitoring to minimize post-harvest losses, extend shelf life, and ensure soybean's contribution to global food and nutritional security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 102910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigations on sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.) based silver and zinc nanoparticles against Sitophilus oryzae L. in wheat","authors":"Kavita C. Desai ,&nbsp;D.N. Kambrekar ,&nbsp;V. Naveen ,&nbsp;P.U. Krishnaraj ,&nbsp;Suma Biradar ,&nbsp;Rohini Sugandi ,&nbsp;S.S. Chandrashekhar ,&nbsp;Shivakumara K. T ,&nbsp;Varshamrutha D. Jepi","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study reports the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) using <em>Acorus calamus</em> rhizome extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent, and their evaluation against the rice weevil, <em>Sitophilus oryzae</em>. The NPs were characterized through UV–visible spectrophotometry, particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, which confirmed their nanoscale dimensions, crystalline nature, and the presence of functional biomolecules involved in stabilization. Bioassays revealed strong insecticidal activity in a concentration-dependent manner. AgNPs at 2500 μg/mL induced 21.67 % adult mortality at 1 day after treatment (DAT) and achieved complete (100 %) mortality by 10 DAT, whereas ZnNPs at 2500 μg/mL caused 91.67 % mortality at 10 DAT and reached 100 % by 15 DAT. In comparison, ZnNPs at 500 μg/mL and <em>A. calamus</em> extract alone caused only 48.33 % and 36.67 % mortality, respectively, at 15 DAT, while untreated controls showed &lt;10 % mortality. In addition to acute toxicity, AgNPs at 2500 μg/mL completely suppressed adult emergence and prevented seed damage and weight loss for up to 90 days under storage conditions. ZnNPs at 2500 μg/mL also provided significant protection, though slightly less effective. Importantly, seed germination remained unaffected across NPs treatments, indicating their safety for grain viability. Overall, green-synthesized AgNPs and ZnNPs demonstrate considerable potential as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic insecticides for sustainable management of <em>S. oryzae</em> in stored grains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 102945"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encapsulation of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil in a tea saponin-stabilized nanoemulsion for enhanced insecticidal control of Cryptolestes ferrugineus","authors":"Liya Zeng ,&nbsp;Weihan Ding ,&nbsp;Wenxiang Duan ,&nbsp;Zhe Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To overcome the inherent limitations of <em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> essential oil (ZBEO), such as high volatility and poor water solubility, a potentially green nanoemulsion was developed using tea saponin (TS) as a natural co-stabilizer with Tween 80 for the enhanced insecticidal control of <em>Cryptolestes ferrugineus</em>. The optimized formulation (ZBEO: Tween 80:TS = 2:1:1, w/w) exhibited a small droplet size (165.49 ± 2.98 nm), low polydispersity index (0.29 ± 0.02), and high negative zeta potential (−34.79 ± 3.02 mV). This stability originated from a synergistic mechanism between Tween 80 and TS: Tween 80 provided steric hindrance, while TS contributed electrostatic repulsion at the oil-water interface. Bioassays demonstrated that nanoencapsulation significantly enhanced the insecticidal efficacy of ZBEO, reducing the LD₅₀ for contact toxicity and the LC₅₀ for fumigation toxicity by 25 % and 41 %, respectively. Notably, after 90 days of storage, the nanoemulsion retained substantial bioactivity, with only a minifmal increase in LC₅₀ values, and remained significantly more effective than freshly prepared, unformulated ZBEO. The enhanced performance could be attributed to improved cuticular penetration and controlled release enabled by the TS-based stabilization system. This work confirms TS as an efficient natural co-stabilizer and presents the ZBEO nanoemulsion as a promising, high-efficacy candidate based on natural components for stored-grain pest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 102934"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) with potential probiotic properties from Sa-Um, an ethnic fermented pork product of Mizoram in North East India","authors":"M. Gowtham ,&nbsp;Kuldeep Kalita ,&nbsp;Parimal Roychoudhury ,&nbsp;Devajani Deka","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2026.102972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2026.102972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional fermented foods are important reservoirs of beneficial microorganisms, particularly Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), which contribute to food preservation and human health. <em>Sa-Um</em> is an indigenous fermented pork product traditionally consumed in the state of Mizoram, Northeast India, yet its beneficial microbiota remains poorly explored. The present study aimed to isolate, characterize, and evaluate the probiotic potential of LAB from <em>Sa-Um</em> through bacteriological, molecular, and functional approaches. A total of 300 freshly prepared <em>Sa-Um</em> samples were collected by simple random sampling from different locations in and around Aizwal, the highest populated district of the state. The LAB was isolated on MRS agar and bacteriologically characterized based on colony morphology, Gram staining, and catalase test. From 37 presumptive LAB thus isolated, three strains were molecularly characterized by <em>16S-rRNA</em> gene sequencing and phylogenetic tree analysis, namely <em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> SA-UM02, <em>Levilactobacillus brevis</em> SA-UM03, and <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em> SA-UM01. The probiotic attributes of these strains were assessed <em>in vitro</em> under simulated gastric conditions. All three strains exhibited considerable tolerance to acid conditions (pH2 and pH3) and bile salts (0.3 % and 0.5 %), with <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em> SA-UM01 showing the highest survivability under both stresses. Cell-free supernatants of the isolates demonstrated moderate to strong antibacterial activity against <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, and comparatively lower activity against <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed that all the three strains were sensitive to the most of the common use tested antibiotics, except kanamycin. Overall, the findings highlight the Pediococcus acidilactici SA-UM01(Accession number: PP230919) as a promising probiotic candidate. This study scientifically validates <em>Sa-Um</em> as a valuable source of functional LAB and underscores the importance of documenting pork based traditional fermented foods of Northeast India for the functional food development with probiotic and antibacterial potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 102972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in chitosan-mediated seed enhancement: Germination, stress tolerance, and storage stability","authors":"Huanxin Zhang,&nbsp;Cheng Li,&nbsp;Ping Liu,&nbsp;Ping Wu,&nbsp;Minqi Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2026.102992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2026.102992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable seed technology requires chitin-derived biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic cationic polymer chitosan. Recent research on chitosan and its advanced derivatives (i.e., chemically modified forms such as carboxymethyl chitosan) targets germination stimulation, multidimensional stress tolerance, and storage stability. Deacetylation, concentration, and chitosan molecular weight alter seed surface contact, bioactivity, and physiology. The review meticulously details how chitosan-based priming, coating, and nano-delivery improve seed performance. Systemic resistance is induced via phytohormone regulation, seed microenvironment adjustment, and superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and phenylpropanoid pathway overexpression. Composite formulations inhibit seed-borne and storage diseases, improving germination and stand establishment. Chitosan helps mitigate salt, drought, severe temperatures, and heavy metal toxicity. Advances in nanotechnology represent a significant paradigm shift. Composites of charcoal, plant oils, zinc, silver, and chitosan nanoparticles perform better. Nano-chitosan enhances seed coat adherence, bio-stimulant delivery, active chemical release, and synergy. We examine their long-term storage resistance to oxidative degradation and microbial growth to improve germination, stress tolerance, seed viability, and vigor. Crop-specific approaches, nano-chitosan's environmental fate and non-target effects, commercial scale, and integrated pest and nutrient management are examples. Chitosan helps climate-resilient agriculture, post-harvest losses, and seed security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 102992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147394302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated paddy drying in a smart DCS bin: Drying behaviour, energy efficiency, and economic feasibility","authors":"Charul Lalwani ,&nbsp;U.C. Lohani ,&nbsp;N.C. Shahi ,&nbsp;Ravi Saxena","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2026.102995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2026.102995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the development and evaluation of a smart drying–cum–storage (DCS) bin with a capacity of 36 kg of paddy for on-farm drying applications. The system integrates thin-layer cross-flow drying with real-time sensing using temperature–humidity sensors, a load cell, and Raspberry Pi–based automated control. Paddy moisture was reduced to a safe storage level under controlled drying conditions, with drying occurring entirely in the falling-rate period, confirming diffusion-dominated moisture transfer. The moisture-triggered automatic cut-off function effectively regulated adsorption–desorption cycles and maintained near-uniform thermal conditions across the grain layers. Energy and exergy analyses indicated efficient utilization of supplied energy with minimal losses, while the economic assessment demonstrated the feasibility of the system for small-scale farm use. Overall, the smart DCS bin offers a compact, energy-efficient, and economically viable solution for integrated paddy drying and short-term storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 102995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative morphological and molecular identification of Pteromalidae parasitoids associated with Rhyzopertha dominica in stored wheat from Tunisia","authors":"Sara Ncibi ,&nbsp;Islem Yangui ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ammar","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2026.102991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2026.102991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate identification of parasitoids associated with stored-grain insect pests is essential for understanding their ecological role and for the development of sustainable pest management strategies. In this study, an integrative taxonomic approach combining morphological examination and mitochondrial DNA barcoding was applied to parasitoids emerging from <em>Rhyzopertha dominica</em> infestations in stored wheat in Tunisia. Morphological analyses based on diagnostic characters confirmed the presence of <em>Theocolax elegans</em> (Cerocephalinae) and <em>Anisopteromalus calandrae</em> (Pteromalinae). Molecular identification using a 658 bp fragment of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene confirmed morphological determinations, revealing high sequence similarity (&gt;99%) with reference sequences in GenBank. Phylogenetic analyses using the Maximum Likelihood method showed that Tunisian specimens clustered within strongly supported monophyletic clades with conspecific sequences from other geographic regions, indicating low intraspecific genetic divergence. The concordance between morphological and molecular data confirms the taxonomic identity and evolutionary placement of both parasitoid species. These results highlight the value of integrative taxonomy for improving parasitoid identification and support the potential integration of <em>Theocolax elegans</em> and <em>Anisopteromalus calandrae</em> into sustainable integrated pest management programs for stored-grain protection in North Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 102991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic assessment of shelled maize and cowpea storage practices among smallholder farmers: Evidence from Zimbabwe","authors":"Patrick Ngwenyama ,&nbsp;Shephard Siziba ,&nbsp;Tanya E. Stathers ,&nbsp;Loveness K. Nyanga ,&nbsp;Brighton M. Mvumi","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hermetic storage bags (HSBs) are being introduced to smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan African countries to help mitigate postharvest grain losses. For widespread adoption of storage technologies to occur, they need to be acceptable, effective and economical. This study examined the economic impact of using different grain storage practices among smallholder farmers in selected districts of Zimbabwe. A partial budget analysis was employed to estimate the economic costs and benefits of storage practices and to compute the Marginal Rate of Return (MRR) between alternative storage practices. The results indicated that for maize and cowpeas, the MRR of changing from storing untreated grain in polypropylene bags to using HSBs was 544 % and 3059 %, respectively; assuming a 3-season lifespan of HSBs. If HSBs only last a single season's use, they are not economically viable for maize, but when used for two seasons, they yield a marginally acceptable return (MRR = 115 %). For cowpeas, even if the lifespan is limited to one or two seasons, use of HSBs remain economically viable, yielding MRRs of 252 % and 955 %, respectively. This highlights the need for proper handling, hygiene and maintenance of HSBs to ensure durability and maximise economic benefits. For maize, synthetic chemical grain protectant pesticide had a higher cost and lower net benefit than HSBs, so was considered a dominated treatment, indicating HSB use would be preferable. Economically, HSBs offer the best return on investment, helping smallholder farmers reduce losses and pesticide use, in addition to enhancing food, income, and nutrition security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 102901"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145691730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural changes, water migration, and oil release in Camellia oleifera seeds during microwave vacuum drying","authors":"Jianan Gao ,&nbsp;Guangfei Zhu ,&nbsp;Guangyue Ren ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Yongli Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianfang Shi ,&nbsp;Wenchao Liu ,&nbsp;Linlin Li ,&nbsp;Xu Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microwave vacuum drying, due to the high efficiency of dielectric heating and vacuum's temperature-friendly conditions, has gained increasing attention. This study examined the moisture migration behavior of <em>Camellia oleifera</em> seeds during microwave vacuum drying and its effects on oil release and product quality. Results showed pronounced moisture variation, with the drying rate rising initially and then declining. The effective moisture diffusion coefficient was 1.358 × 10⁻⁸ m²/s, and the Page model accurately described the drying kinetics. Oil content first increased, peaking at 15 min with a 43.06 % rise over the initial value, before declining with prolonged drying. Bound and immobile water decreased steadily. Structural deformation of the seed shell and kernel intensified with drying time and moisture loss, leading to a denser pore distribution per unit area, along with visible oil exudation on the seed surface. X-ray micro-CT analysis confirmed outward moisture migration from the interior, beginning with small core pores that enlarged and merged over time. Total and open porosity increased continuously, while closed porosity rose to 5.67 ± 0.27 % at 10 min before declining. Correlation analysis emphasized the dominant role of moisture variation in pore formation. Overall, these findings provide new insights into the drying behavior of <em>Camellia oleifera</em> seeds under microwave vacuum conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 102921"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145691849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}