Fish and Fisheries最新文献

{"title":"A Conceptual Framework and Methods for Studying the Connectivity of Fishes","authors":"Jordanna N. Bergman,&nbsp;Jessica A. Robichaud,&nbsp;Jasper McCutcheon,&nbsp;Michael T. Booth,&nbsp;Brendan Campbell,&nbsp;Grace A. Casselberry,&nbsp;Cienna R. Cooper,&nbsp;Bronwyn M. Gillanders,&nbsp;Lucas P. Griffin,&nbsp;Edward Hale,&nbsp;Luc LaRochelle,&nbsp;Karen J. Murchie,&nbsp;Mary Peacock,&nbsp;Reid G. Swanson,&nbsp;Simon D. Stewart,&nbsp;Ryan. J. Woodland,&nbsp;Daniel P. Zielinski,&nbsp;Steven J. Cooke,&nbsp;Morgan L. Piczak","doi":"10.1111/faf.70058","DOIUrl":"10.1111/faf.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Connectivity is a multifaceted concept that has important implications for the management and conservation of marine and freshwater fishes. We developed a conceptual framework that encompasses multiple, interrelated categories of connectedness, including landscape (e.g., structural, functional) connectivity and ecological (e.g., trophic, genetic, demographic) connectivity, that together shape the flow of organisms, energy and information across ecosystems. We also synthesised six key methods that can be used to study connectivity of fishes: (1) telemetry, including satellite, acoustic, radio and passive integrated transponders (PIT), (2) mark-recapture, (3) environmental tracers, including stable isotopes and otolith-microchemistry, (4) genetics, (5) community structure analysis and (6) emerging technologies and tools (e.g., remote sensing and artificial intelligence). For each method, we describe the categories of connectivity it can assess and provide real-world examples where they have been effectively used. We also identify limitations of each method. This article highlights the diverse and evolving toolbox of methods used to assess fish connectivity, underscoring the need for continued collaboration, innovation and integration of new approaches to refine our understanding and address remaining challenges in this critical area of aquatic ecology and fisheries management.</p>","PeriodicalId":169,"journal":{"name":"Fish and Fisheries","volume":"27 2","pages":"342-369"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/faf.70058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146042955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence for Marine Research, Fisheries and Environmental Management","authors":"Jose A. Fernandes-Salvador,&nbsp;Angel Borja,&nbsp;Asier Anabitarte,&nbsp;Igor Granado,&nbsp;Xabier Lekunberri,&nbsp;Yolanda Sagarminaga,&nbsp;Oriol Canals,&nbsp;Anders Lanzen,&nbsp;Mihailo Azhar,&nbsp;Jonne Kotta,&nbsp;Henn Ojaveer,&nbsp;Anna Spinosa,&nbsp;Ari-Pekka Jokinen,&nbsp;Lumi Haraguchi,&nbsp;Sanjina Upadhyay Stæhr,&nbsp;Aritz Pérez,&nbsp;Iñaki Inza,&nbsp;Sebastian Villasante,&nbsp;Gabriela A. Oanta,&nbsp;Catarina N. S. Silva,&nbsp;Rachel Tiller,&nbsp;Julian Lilkendey","doi":"10.1111/faf.70052","DOIUrl":"10.1111/faf.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Artificial Intelligence (AI) is advancing at an unprecedented pace, offering transformative opportunities for marine research, fisheries management, environmental governance and policy development. Particularly in the context of the interconnected data needs of ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation, these technologies can enhance data acquisition, processing and decision support, enabling more integrated approaches to ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation. Yet their adoption in these domains remains limited by the absence of coherent frameworks that ensure transparency, validation and ethical alignment with ecological and socio-economic sustainability goals. This work proposes a comprehensive framework built on three critical pillars for trustworthy AI: socio-economic and legal viability, data governance and technical and scientific robustness. On the one hand it aims to be a guideline for developer teams. On the other hand, it aims to be a guideline for final users (e.g., industry and managers) for designing the requirements and evaluating such systems. The first pillar underscores the need for AI systems that are cost-effective, scalable, environmentally sustainable and legally supported, balancing short-term costs with long-term social and ecological benefits. The second stresses adherence to fair, reliable and ethical access to digital resources, recognising that without strong governance data and algorithms risk becoming fragmented or misused. The third pillar addresses the necessity of rigorous validation across entire AI pipelines, including preprocessing, model evaluation and benchmarking against alternative ground truths, to ensure reliability in real-world applications. Together, these pillars provide a blueprint for developing ethical, reliable and policy-relevant AI systems that can strengthen trust, improve sustainability and guide decision-making across marine science, fisheries, environmental management and European legislation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":169,"journal":{"name":"Fish and Fisheries","volume":"27 2","pages":"248-263"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prospectus on Generative Artificial Intelligence in Marine Ecosystem Modelling","authors":"Scott Spillias","doi":"10.1111/faf.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1111/faf.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Marine ecosystem modelling faces increasing demands for rapid development and deployment to address urgent environmental challenges, yet technical complexity and time-intensive processes often constrain timely insights for management decisions. This prospectus synthesises current applications and outlines future research directions for integrating Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) into marine ecosystem modelling while maintaining scientific rigour. I present a structured framework for integrating GenAI across eight interconnected components of the modelling cycle: model scoping, data gathering, conceptual framework development, model development, model execution, validation and calibration, reporting and stakeholder engagement. Through analysis of current applications and emerging research, I demonstrate how GenAI can automate routine tasks, democratise access to sophisticated modelling approaches, and improve model quality. Achieving success will require overcoming persistent challenges, including data limitations, institutional barriers and ethical concerns. I propose a research agenda addressing three streams: capability assessment to systematically evaluate GenAI's potential in marine ecosystem modelling; avenues for ensuring scientific integrity and reliability; and socio-technical integration to address ethical and institutional challenges. While GenAI offers the potential to enhance modelling, a human-centered approach is essential, where GenAI augments, rather than replaces, human expertise in model validation, interpretation of results and ensuring sustainable management outcomes. To support readers new to this space, a primer in the supporting information outlines practical considerations for accessing GenAI tools, from cloud-based services to locally-run models and their implications for privacy, reproducibility and computational requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":169,"journal":{"name":"Fish and Fisheries","volume":"27 2","pages":"130-144"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/faf.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146006267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decarbonizing Fisheries Through Ensuring Healthy Stock Status","authors":"Ray Hilborn,&nbsp;Katja Enberg,&nbsp;Sara Hornborg,&nbsp;Katherine McElroy,&nbsp;Michael C. Melnychuk,&nbsp;Robert Parker,&nbsp;Kim Scherrer,&nbsp;Peter Tyedmers,&nbsp;Friederike Ziegler","doi":"10.1111/faf.70059","DOIUrl":"10.1111/faf.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Industrial capture fisheries depend on fossil fuels, which tend to dominate both greenhouse gas emissions and operational costs of this form of seafood production. Improving energy efficiency is, in addition to shifting to alternative fuels, a crucial path towards decarbonizing fisheries. Theory suggests that healthy stocks, i.e., with higher density, should require less fuel to harvest when fishing effort and catches are correlated. This is a situation generally observed in bottom trawl fisheries. Rebuilding stocks could thus represent an important pathway for decarbonization. By analysing available time series data on fuel use intensity (FUI), fleet size and fish price in 13 European and U.S. bottom trawl fisheries, we find empirical evidence that lower FUI is associated with higher stock abundance. Lower FUI is also observed for catches with lower fish prices and with reductions in fleet size. Results suggest that rebuilding fish stocks by setting and following sustainable harvest limits combined with balancing fishing capacity with resource availability can be one part of a decarbonization strategy. However, economic incentives such as fish price and subsidies are counterproductive. Combined, this suggests that energy use and carbon emissions be considered as key fisheries management objectives. The sparse data availability of fuel use in fisheries also points to the need for standardised collection programs to allow for further research for improved understanding as well as monitoring progress towards societal objectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":169,"journal":{"name":"Fish and Fisheries","volume":"27 2","pages":"370-380"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/faf.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146006266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Condition as a Shared Response to Environment in a Commercially Important Demersal Fish Assemblage","authors":"Philina A. English,&nbsp;Sean C. Anderson,&nbsp;Robyn E. Forrest","doi":"10.1111/faf.70053","DOIUrl":"10.1111/faf.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Measures of an organism's weight at a given length are often considered reliable indicators of energy reserves or ‘condition’, which can be related to fecundity and risk of mortality. Understanding the impact of environmental change on fish condition may therefore inform sustainable management of human activities in marine ecosystems. We investigated how changes in Canadian Pacific waters may be influencing the average condition of 35 commercially, culturally, and/or ecologically important demersal fish species. Because the condition of mature male and female, and immature individuals differs in its implications for population dynamics, ecological drivers, and measurement variability, we analysed these three maturity groups separately. We estimated density distributions, calculated Le Cren's relative body condition deviations, modelled spatiotemporal change in these deviations, and generated density-weighted annual indices of body condition. We used Bayesian Dynamic Factor Analysis to identify common trends across species and tested for correlations with environmental variables. For most species, warmer sea surface temperature and lagged North Pacific Gyre Oscillation appeared neutrally or positively correlated with condition. Only the immature condition was also strongly correlated with primary production, but this effect was equally likely to be negative (e.g., Pacific Spiny Dogfish, Lingcod, and Sablefish) as positive (e.g., Quillback Rockfish, Southern Rock Sole, and Spotted Ratfish). Our approach propagates uncertainty from condition estimation through to environmental correlations to provide both ecosystem-level and species-specific inference. Robust estimates of relationships between condition and environmental variables can inform ecosystem approaches to fisheries management, including short-term forecasts of weight-at-age or recruitment.</p>","PeriodicalId":169,"journal":{"name":"Fish and Fisheries","volume":"27 2","pages":"264-284"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/faf.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145986490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Governance Arrangements That Fit Social-Ecological Context Are Associated With Fishery Sustainability","authors":"Mateja Nenadović,&nbsp;Alfredo Giron,&nbsp;Timothy Frawley,&nbsp;Adrian Munguia-Vega,&nbsp;Kara E. Pellowe,&nbsp;Erica Ferrer,&nbsp;David Gill,&nbsp;Blanca González-Mon,&nbsp;Andrew F. Johnson,&nbsp;Emilie Lindkvist,&nbsp;Fiorenza Micheli,&nbsp;Amy H. Weaver,&nbsp;Octavio Aburto,&nbsp;Ana Laura Flores-Morales,&nbsp;Fiona Gladstone,&nbsp;Elizabeth Mansfield,&nbsp;Guido Marinone,&nbsp;Alejandro Parés-Sierra,&nbsp;Anastasia Quintana,&nbsp;Jessica Reilly Moman,&nbsp;Salvador Rodriguez Van Dyck,&nbsp;Maja Schlueter,&nbsp;Jorge Torre,&nbsp;Björn Vollan,&nbsp;Heather M. Leslie,&nbsp;Xavier Basurto","doi":"10.1111/faf.70060","DOIUrl":"10.1111/faf.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In many parts of the world, natural resources are primarily managed by governance arrangements at the local level. Those arrangements range from collective, such as cooperatives and associations, to individualistic, such as patrons and owner-operators. A key question is how such arrangements influence resource use and associated social and ecological outcomes. We hypothesize that sustainable resource use is not associated with a specific governance arrangement, but instead that every type of arrangement has a certain set of social and ecological conditions under which sustainable resource use is feasible. This hypothesis was empirically investigated using fisheries landings data from Mexico. We found that sustainable resource use can be achieved through multiple governance arrangements provided that they are matched to appropriate social-ecological contexts. Our findings help identify which governance arrangements are best suited to particular contexts and provide the initial building blocks for developing a theory of governance contextual fit in social-ecological fishing systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":169,"journal":{"name":"Fish and Fisheries","volume":"27 2","pages":"381-399"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/faf.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Bottom Trawl Impacts on the Status of Seabed Communities in European Seas","authors":"Jan Geert Hiddink,&nbsp;Sebastian Valanko,&nbsp;Luke Batts,&nbsp;Esther D. Beukhof,&nbsp;Mats Blomqvist,&nbsp;Stefan Bolam,&nbsp;Belén Calero,&nbsp;Michele Casini,&nbsp;Marina Delgado,&nbsp;Jochen Depestele,&nbsp;Joanna Desmidt,&nbsp;Gabriele Di Bona,&nbsp;Bianca Di Lorenzo,&nbsp;Grete E. Dinesen,&nbsp;Gianfranco D'Onghia,&nbsp;Josefine Egekvist,&nbsp;Emanuela Fanelli,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Farriols,&nbsp;Gianluca Franceschini,&nbsp;Juan Gil,&nbsp;José Manuel González-Irusta,&nbsp;Pascal Laffargue,&nbsp;Irida Maina,&nbsp;Porzia Maiorano,&nbsp;Renato Mamede,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Mangano,&nbsp;Alessandra Nguyen Xuan,&nbsp;Nadia Papadopoulou,&nbsp;Marina Penna,&nbsp;Andrea Pierucci,&nbsp;Marina Pulcini,&nbsp;Sasa Raicevich,&nbsp;Arnold Rakaj,&nbsp;Sofia Reizopoulou,&nbsp;Giada Riva,&nbsp;Tommaso Russo,&nbsp;Antonello Sala,&nbsp;Gianluca Sarà,&nbsp;Alice Sbrana,&nbsp;Giuseppe Scarcella,&nbsp;Marija Sciberras,&nbsp;Mattias Sköld,&nbsp;Chris J. Smith,&nbsp;Ignacio Sobrino,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Spedicato,&nbsp;Valentina Todorova,&nbsp;Irini Tsikopoulou,&nbsp;Karin J. van der Reijden,&nbsp;Sandrine Vaz,&nbsp;Cristina Vina-Herbon,&nbsp;Nedo Vrgoc,&nbsp;Katherine Wright,&nbsp;Wenyan Zhang,&nbsp;Walter Zupa,&nbsp;Gert van Hoey,&nbsp;Ole Ritzau Eigaard,&nbsp;Tobias van Kooten,&nbsp;P. Daniël van Denderen","doi":"10.1111/faf.70054","DOIUrl":"10.1111/faf.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bottom trawling affects seabed habitats, but its large-scale impacts remain poorly quantified. Assessment of trawling impacts is essential to support monitoring and achieving sustainability objectives under international conventions, sustainable development goals, and seafood certification programs. We present a Europe-wide quantitative assessment of bottom trawling impacts, accounting for regional seabed-community sensitivity drivers, across the Baltic, Atlantic, Mediterranean and Black Sea continental shelves. Using two risk-based indicators of seabed status—Relative Benthic Status determined as benthic community biomass relative to seabed fauna carrying capacity (RBS_tot) and RBS_sen (biomass of the 10% most sensitive fauna relative to carrying capacity)—we found substantial regional and habitat differences. The Black, Baltic and Aegean-Levantine Seas showed low trawling intensity and high seabed status across habitats. In contrast, the Western Mediterranean, Ionian and Central Mediterranean and Adriatic Seas were the most severely impacted. Trawling affected the sensitive species biomass fraction more strongly than the total community biomass. RBS_tot was in good condition (here chosen as RBS &gt; 75% for epifauna) for over 79% of habitat-ecoregion combinations. In contrast, RBS_sen met this threshold in only 46% of these. A strong correlation emerged between the mean trawling intensity and RBS_tot and RBS_sen, allowing the use of SAR to estimate ecosystem status. This relationship can support decisions on where, and by how much, SAR reductions are needed to achieve good environmental status in regions where no detailed assessment is available. Our approach provides a quantitative framework to balance fishery production with ecosystem sustainability, offering tools for environmental and fisheries management in Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":169,"journal":{"name":"Fish and Fisheries","volume":"27 2","pages":"285-299"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/faf.70054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Phage Therapy for Aquaculture Applications: Efficacy, Health Ramifications and Research Challenges","authors":"Louise James,&nbsp;Tamsyn M. Uren Webster,&nbsp;Gethin Thomas,&nbsp;Mathias Middelboe,&nbsp;Sofia Consuegra","doi":"10.1111/faf.70055","DOIUrl":"10.1111/faf.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The emergence of antimicrobial resistance has encouraged a reappraisal of bacteriophage therapy for the mitigation of bacterial diseases in different environmental settings, including aquaculture. Here, we review aquaculture applications of phage therapy by considering its efficacy and potential for broader host-associated effects, including host immunity, microbiome composition and behaviour. The advantages of phage therapy for aquaculture include the natural abundance and diversity of phages in water, and their self-propagation, host specificity, low environmental impact and diverse administration routes. Although the efficacy of phage therapy in controlling the prevalence of bacterial pathogens across various aquaculture species is well demonstrated, the diversity of phage administration methods, experimental conditions, target strains and host physiologies have prevented a clear consensus being reached regarding the suitability of phage therapy for aquaculture. The application of phage therapy as an antimicrobial strategy induces gentler immune modulation compared to antibiotics and disinfectants, which often induce dysbiosis in host microbiomes by eliminating beneficial or commensal bacteria. However, there are divergent results regarding the influence of phage administration upon host microbiome composition and dynamics, with potentially important health implications that require further research. How phage immunogenicity may influence the host immune response is also unclear. Additional concerns include phage-neutralising antibody production, phage-resistant bacteria and horizontal gene transfer of antimicrobial resistance. Together, these represent areas warranting further research in aquaculture, along with the development of suitable fish models that demonstrate the broad applicability of phage therapy across multiple species.</p>","PeriodicalId":169,"journal":{"name":"Fish and Fisheries","volume":"27 2","pages":"300-312"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/faf.70055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crossing the River by Feeling the Stones: Institutional Lessons From China's Total Allowable Catch Pilots","authors":"Shu Su,&nbsp;Shiyu Zhang,&nbsp;Yi Tang,&nbsp;Yanxuedan Zhang,&nbsp;Chao Ma,&nbsp;Michael De Alessi,&nbsp;Yong Chen","doi":"10.1111/faf.70038","DOIUrl":"10.1111/faf.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study critically examines China's experimentation with Total Allowable Catches (TACs) as a central element of its evolving fisheries management system. Based on policy review, cross-case analysis of 32 pilot programs, expert surveys, and stakeholder interviews, we trace how political commitment, institutional trials, and stakeholder engagement have shaped TAC implementation since 2017. The pilots showed that TACs can be made workable in a data-limited, effort-based regime. This was achieved by decentralising program design, using Special Fishing Permits to define fishery units, embedding quotas within the seasonal moratorium, testing allocation methods, and introducing basic monitoring systems. These arrangements facilitated compliance and institutional learning, although measurable ecological outcomes remain uncertain due to persistent data limitations. Our findings suggest that pilots can serve as transitional vehicles toward science-based and rights-based management, but only if their lessons are institutionalised through law, policy, and practice. We highlight that without clear graduation pathways—anchored in three mutually reinforcing pillars of science-based decision-making, integrated monitoring and compliance systems, and rights- and incentive-based governance—China risks locking in administratively convenient but ecologically limited practices. For other developing countries, China's experience shows that pilot strategies can reduce early risks and build capacity when linked to institutional consolidation and long-term governance reform.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":169,"journal":{"name":"Fish and Fisheries","volume":"27 2","pages":"145-159"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Biological Responses Consistent With Ocean Warming Across Levels of Organisation in the Bay of Biscay?","authors":"Elorri Arevalo,&nbsp;Leire Ibaibarriaga,&nbsp;Naroa Aldanondo,&nbsp;Maria Santos Mocoroa,&nbsp;Fernando G. Taboada,&nbsp;Unai Cotano,&nbsp;Paula Alvarez,&nbsp;Eneko Bachiller,&nbsp;Lucia Zarauz,&nbsp;Maria Korta,&nbsp;Ernesto Villarino,&nbsp;Guillem Chust","doi":"10.1111/faf.70057","DOIUrl":"10.1111/faf.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global change has altered the climate and biogeochemistry of oceans, which has cascading consequences across all levels of biological organisation. Under warmer conditions, most fish species develop faster during early life stages but reach smaller adult sizes. At the population level, fish respond to warming by altering the phenology of key events and/or shifting spatial distribution. The interwoven action of these responses cascades up to entire ecological communities. Here, we analysed changes in fish communities over the last three decades in the Bay of Biscay (BoB). We examined changes in multiple indicators across levels of organisation, from individual species physiology to community composition, to test whether trends were consistent with those expected from ocean warming. At the individual and population levels, we assessed changes in species body size, reproductive investment, spawning phenology and spatial distribution on four pelagic fish. Mean adult body size significantly decreased for anchovy, sardine and Atlantic mackerel, but increased for horse mackerel. Anchovy increased reproductive investment and advanced spawning. Atlantic mackerel and horse mackerel spawned earlier and polewards. We also analysed bottom trawl data to highlight changes in life-history and ecological traits across three fish communities from the BoB with 249, 252 and 235 species. Small, fast-growing and warm-affinity species that feed at a slightly low trophic level were favoured. Our analyses revealed that 24 of the 41 developed indicators (59%) significantly aligned with the expected impact of warming on marine fish. Observed trends reveal a clear signature of broad-scale processes impacting marine communities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":169,"journal":{"name":"Fish and Fisheries","volume":"27 2","pages":"313-341"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}