Journal of science and medicine in sport最新文献

{"title":"Higher contact tackles from upright tacklers increases the risk of head injury removals in elite women's Rugby Union: A case-control study.","authors":"Ross Tucker, Adam Smith, Ben Hester, Éanna Falvey","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2025.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe tackle characteristics associated with increased risk of Head Injury Assessment (HIA) removals in elite women's Rugby Union.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Case-control study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>145 instances of player removal for head injury assessments with video footage were identified in elite women's rugby. 114 cases occurred during tackles, which were analyzed to describe the influence of foul play, tackle type, tackle height, head contact location, and body position on injury risk. The relative proportion of tackles resulting in head injury removals was compared to the proportion of each tackle characteristic in a control cohort of 1763 tackles that did not result in head injuries to assess risk of each characteristic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proximity of the tackler's head with the ball carrier's head and shoulder occurred in 72.1 % of HIA1-inducing tackles, compared to 25.0 % of non-HIA1 tackles. Head and shoulder contact was 9.79 (95 % CI 5.95-16.90) times more likely to cause HIA removals than head-to-torso contact and proximity. Upright tackles and active shoulder tackles had increased HIA1 risk for both players. Illegal tackles were 21.42 (95 % CI 11.49-39.93) more likely to cause HIA1s than legal tackles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Risk factors for head injury removals from tackles are similar in women as has been described in men, with higher contact, upright tacklers, dominant tackles and foul play increasing head injury risk. Strategies to lower tackle height and reduce the prevalence of head-to-head and shoulder contact should be explored to reduce head injury incidence in the elite women's game.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144159780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast injuries in women's sports: a scoping review of a female-specific sports injury.","authors":"Ruby Dang, Joshua P M Mattock, Deirdre E McGhee","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Breast injuries are female-specific injuries that occur across a range of women's sports. Literature investigating this important women's breast health issue is scarce. This review aimed to collate and summarise published research on breast injuries in women's sports, highlighting the limitations and gaps in the literature.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Scoping review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies were included if they investigated breast injuries sustained by female athletes or the use of breast protective equipment in sports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight of the 152 studies identified met the inclusion criteria. Six were retrospective cross-sectional survey studies, and two were case studies. Breast injury prevalence ranged from 26 % to 58 % and was higher in contact/combat sports than in non-contact sports. Most injuries were deemed mild-moderate in severity because most athletes continued to play, albeit with a perceived negative effect on performance. In rare cases, injuries were severe with long-term consequences and required surgical intervention. Breast injury mechanism was sport-specific, and management and prevention strategies were extremely limited, with a very low percentage of injuries reported (~10 %) and a lack of breast injury surveillance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The paucity of research and lack of awareness and understanding of breast injuries highlights the urgent need for education within women's sports and further research to develop evidence-based management and prevention strategies. Recommendations for future research include assessment of sport-specific mechanisms and incidence, the use of standardized clinical assessment of breast injury severity, long-term consequences, and inclusion of sub-groups of female athletes, such as females with breast implants, developing breasts, and lactating breasts.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Where's your head at? Perceptions and utilisation of concussion prevention and rehabilitation strategies in women's and men's rugby union.","authors":"G Skudder, P O'Halloran, S McLeod, G Bullock, C A Emery, S W West","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Rugby union (rugby) is a popular collision sport with high concussion rates. As such, concussion prevention and rehabilitation strategies are critical to player welfare in the sport. This study aims to identify and analyse the concussion prevention and rehabilitation strategies currently implemented across different rugby contexts.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional study targeting medical professionals and coaches globally through an online survey distributed via email and social media.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A validated, piloted survey was developed in collaboration with subject-matter experts and delivered using REDCap, with participants (aged 18+) from medical and coaching backgrounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 172 respondents (77 medical professionals, 89 coaches, 6 \"other\") responded. Training strategies and policy changes were perceived as the most important primary prevention strategies, whilst all secondary (education, recognise and remove) and tertiary (return to play processes and rehabilitation) strategies were deemed highly important. Despite this, utilisation varied widely. Perceived importance and utilisation of rehabilitation strategies also varied. The main barriers to implementation were a lack of understanding (47%) and time constraints (45%). There were no significant differences in odds of return-to-play use by level of play or sex; however, there was a significantly lower odds of medical return-to-play sign-off with lower levels of play (odds ratio: 0.77, 95% confidence intervals: 0.61-0.98).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study underscores the variation in perceived importance and utilisation of prevention and rehabilitation strategies in rugby. It emphasises the necessity for education to help remove barriers with the aim of optimising programme implementation and utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disclosure of possible concussions in National Rugby League Women's Premiership players.","authors":"Shreya McLeod, Stephen W West, Kathryn Dane, Daniel Tadmor, Ben Jones, Jinho Lee, Grant L Iverson, Andrew J Gardner","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated the disclosure and reasons for non-disclosure of possible concussions and their symptoms in National Rugby League Women's (NRLW) Premiership players in Australia.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross sectional survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During the 2022 NRLW season, NRLW players were invited to participate in a voluntary, anonymous, online survey exploring (i) player demographics, (ii) rugby playing history, (iii) concussion disclosure, and (iv) instances of, and reasons for, non-disclosure of possible concussions to medical staff during the past two seasons. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify reasons for non-disclosure of possible concussions in NRLW players.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 132 eligible participants, 86 players responded to the survey and 63 % (n = 54/86) reported that they always disclosed a possible concussion during the past two seasons. A substantial number of NRLW players surveyed (n = 32/86, 37 %) did not disclose a possible concussion to their team or medical staff on one or more occasions. Sixty-three players (73 %) always reported symptoms during a medical assessment. Twenty-three players (27 %) did not disclose their symptoms during a medical assessment, primarily during or after a game or training session (n = 12/23, 52 %). Of the players who did not disclose their possible concussion symptoms, the two main reasons for non-disclosure were 'not wanting to be ruled out of the game or training session' (n = 8/23,35 %) and not being 'sure if the symptoms were related to concussion' (n = 8/23, 35 %). Most surveyed players (n = 74/86, 86 %) reported attending mandatory concussion education sessions at their respective clubs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found high rates of non-disclosure amongst NRLW players, which is inconsistent with previous research suggesting that women are more aware of their symptoms than men and more likely to disclose their concussions. Not wanting to be ruled out of the game or training session and being unsure if the symptoms were related to concussion were the two most common reasons for nondisclosure. Concussion education initiatives could promote a supportive culture fostering disclosure amongst all stakeholders to ensure optimal player welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction in a competitive swimmer associated with the use of a snorkel.","authors":"Makiko Ohtani, Masamitsu Kono, Shunji Tamagawa, Mai Miyamoto, Ken Kouda, Muneki Hotomi","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Snorkels are sometimes used by competitive swimmers in inspiratory muscle training and to correct body imbalance. Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) manifests as inspiratory dyspnea during exercise. Patients with EILO are recommended against inspiratory muscle training with high inspiratory resistance. Our patient, a teenage girl, had surgery for supraglottic EILO. A year later, she developed EILO that was apparently associated with using her competitive swimming snorkel. She only had breathing difficulty while using the snorkel. Continuous laryngoscopy showed glottic EILO during exercise tests with the snorkel in place. For swimmers at risk of EILO, using a snorkel requires careful reconsideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underrepresentation of Indigenous persons in a Sport and Exercise Medicine setting.","authors":"Lincoln Wharetohunga, Mataroria Lyndon, Mark L Fulcher","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to audit the demographic characteristics of all new patient presentations at Axis Sports Medicine Specialists practices in Auckland over a one-year period from the 1st of January 2022 to 31st December 2022. This cohort was then compared to the 2018 Auckland Census data using descriptive statistics and stratified by ethnicity and socioeconomic status. There were a total of 15,390 new patient appointments, with our results being consistent with other medical specialities with an under-representation of Indigenous peoples and those of a lower socioeconomic status within our patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shoulder and knee surgery double odds of osteoarthritis in retired professional rugby players.","authors":"Johan Le Roux, Dina C Janse van Rensburg, Simon Kemp, Mike Lambert, Clint Readhead, Keith Stokes, Wayne Viljoen, Gino Kerkhoffs, Vincent Gouttebarge","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.03.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2025.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study i) described the prevalence of clinically diagnosed shoulder and knee osteoarthritis among retired male professional rugby players, ii) determined the association of severe injury and related surgery with shoulder and knee osteoarthritis, and iii) described players' level of shoulder and knee function and compared it to matched controls.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Observational study with a cross-sectional design using questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retired professional rugby players and matched controls from a non-elite sporting background were recruited. Single questions and validated questionnaires determined clinical shoulder and knee osteoarthritis as well as shoulder and knee function. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine potential associations, whilst comparisons with matched controls for shoulder and knee function were explored using the Mann-Whitney test for independent samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen percent of the retired male professional rugby players (n = 146; mean age = 39.6 years) had clinical shoulder osteoarthritis and 23 % had clinical knee osteoarthritis. Every shoulder surgery doubled retired rugby players' odds of having clinical shoulder osteoarthritis (odds ratio = 2.1; 95 % confidence interval = 1.1-3.9) and every knee surgery doubled retired rugby players' odds of having clinical knee osteoarthritis (odds ratio = 2.0; 95 % confidence interval = 1.2-3.3).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinical shoulder and knee osteoarthritis is a common medical condition among retired professional rugby players. Long-term consequences should be considered when managing shoulder and knee injuries during professional rugby players' careers.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High risk of new knee injuries, lower activity level and reduced knee function: A controlled follow-up of male football (soccer) players 6-9 years after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.","authors":"Anne Fältström, Joanna Kvist, Martin Hägglund","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.03.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2025.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To study the risk of new knee injuries and patient-reported outcomes in male football players at any playing level 6-9 years after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) versus knee-healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Football players (n = 384) who underwent an ACLR between 1 and 3 years previously and knee-healthy controls (n = 110) were surveyed regarding football playing status, activity level (Tegner Activity Scale), knee function (0-10 scale), satisfaction with current activity level (1-10), satisfaction with knee function (1-7), and new knee injuries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-three players with ACLR and 63 knee-healthy controls were included and followed for mean 5.4 years (6-9 years after primary ACLR for players with ACLR). Thirty-four players with ACLR (37 %) had sustained a new ACL injury (re-rupture or contralateral rupture) versus 5 (8 %) controls. Players with ACLR had almost 5-fold higher risk of new ACL injury than controls (risk ratio, 4.61; 95 % confidence interval, 1.91-11.13; p < 0.001). Compared with controls, players with ACLR played football to a lower extent (27 % vs 65 %, p < 0.001) had a lower activity level (Tegner: median [interquartile range], 4 [6] vs 9 [5], p < 0.001), knee function (median, 8 [3] vs 9 [2], p < 0.001), and satisfaction with activity level (median, 7 [3] vs 8 [3], p = 0.014) and knee function (median, 2 [2] vs 1 [1], p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>One-third of male football players with ACLR sustained a new ACL injury within 6-9 years, with an almost 5-fold higher risk than controls. Players with ACLR had lower activity level and knee function and were less satisfied with knee function and activity level.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise on sleep quality in women — A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Yunheng Qiao ,&nbsp;Chen Wang ,&nbsp;Qin Chen ,&nbsp;Peizhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.11.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.11.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Insomnia affects at least one-third of the global population and is more common in women. Exercise has been reported to improve sleep quality and subsequent use of hypnotics. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the effect of exercise on sleep quality in adult women.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>This meta-analysis systematically assessed the effects of exercise on women's sleep quality using a random-effects model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched seven databases for randomised controlled trials examining the effect of exercise on sleep quality in women. Inclusion criteria were women aged 18 or older with insomnia symptoms, exercise used as an intervention, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index or Insomnia Severity Index as outcome measures. We excluded studies using other treatments, those involving cancer patients or pregnant women, and those with unclear, unanalysable data. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis, with outcomes expressed as the weighted mean difference and 95 % confidence interval. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Handbook criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The meta-analysis included 16 studies. The results indicated that exercise significantly reduced the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score. Exercise implemented for &lt;<!--> <!-->12 weeks was more effective in improving sleep quality and daytime dysfunction, whilst interventions ≥<!--> <!-->12 weeks reduced the use of sleep medication.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Exercise training can significantly improve sleep quality in adult women, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Therefore, exercise can be crucial in promoting health, especially as a non-pharmacological treatment. When more studies will be available in the future, it will be possible to further explore the impact of age, type of exercise, and time of exercise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 4","pages":"Pages 274-281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuromuscular fatigue in English Premier League academy football players: Within- and cross-season responses","authors":"Matt Springham ,&nbsp;Nav Singh ,&nbsp;Perry Stewart ,&nbsp;Ian Jones ,&nbsp;Charlie Sherwood ,&nbsp;Dominic May ,&nbsp;Jamie Salter ,&nbsp;Anthony J. Strudwick ,&nbsp;Joseph W. Shaw","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To examine the within- and cross-season neuromuscular fatigue responses in English Premier League U-18 academy football players.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Twenty-five players from the same team completed weekly countermovement jump and isometric adductor and posterior chain strength tests for a full competitive season.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Global positioning system measures of training and match total, high-metabolic load and sprint distance were recorded daily and converted into exponentially weighted moving average seven- and twenty-eight-day values.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TD₂₈ (<em>p</em> &lt; .001), HML₂₈ (<em>p</em> &lt; .001), and SD₂₈ (<em>p</em> = .002) shared negative relationships with countermovement jump height, but there was no main cross-season effect (<em>p</em> = .137). TD₂₈ (<em>p</em> = .016) and HML₂₈ (<em>p</em> = .012) positively related to isometric posterior chain strength but there was no effect of SD₂₈ (<em>p</em> = .653), SD₇ (<em>p</em> = .549), TD₇ (<em>p</em> = .080) or HML₇ (<em>p</em> = .104). Cross season, isometric posterior chain strength followed a curvilinear response whereby performance increased across the beginning of the season and decreased towards the end of the season (<em>p</em> = .003). There was no effect of training load or time on isometric adductor strength performance (<em>p</em> &gt; .094).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Neuromuscular status, signalled by countermovement jump height changes fluctuates across the season in response to sustained changes in training and match load, but there is no evidence of a main cross-season linear effect. Total training and match volume exert moderating effects on the internal training load dose, and in-turn, important moderating effects on neuromuscular fatigue, particularly when composed of high volumes of high-intensity and sprint distances. The posterior chain might be particularly susceptible to fatigue towards the end of the season.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 4","pages":"Pages 324-330"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}