Journal of science and medicine in sport最新文献

{"title":"A longitudinal investigation of Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) composite scores and associated factors among rugby union players.","authors":"Aaron J Zynda, Helen Purtill, John Mulvihill, Laura Power, Hannah Bitzer, Ian C Kenny, Tom Comyns, Nicol van Dyk, Mairead Liston, Caithriona Yeomans, Rod McLoughlin, Michael W Collins, Anthony P Kontos","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.09.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2026.09.022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine changes in Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) composite scores in elite rugby players over at least three years of Rugby Union participation. A secondary objective was to identify any factors associated with significant changes in ImPACT cognitive performance.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective repeated measures study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baseline ImPACT scores from Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) players were collected between 2007 and 2022. Participants were included if they were ≥18 years old and completed baseline ImPACTs at three separate time points over at least three years. Linear mixed models examined changes in ImPACT composite scores over time while adjusting for relevant covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 384 male and 10 female rugby players were included. Overall, ImPACT memory, processing speed, and reaction time composite scores remained constant or improved over time. Among male players, length of follow-up (years) was associated with higher verbal memory (β = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.57-0.82), visual memory (β = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.54-0.85) and visual motor scores (β = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.26-0.38) but slower reaction times (β = 0.0021, 95% CI: 0.001-0.003). Controlling for length of follow-up, initial baseline and age at initial baseline, the number of previous concussions was associated with higher verbal (β = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.14-1.07) and visual memory scores (β = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.22-1.35) and the number of completed post-injury ImPACT assessments was associated with higher verbal memory (β = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.19-0.64) and visual motor (β = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.13-0.36) scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elite male rugby players did not exhibit declines in ImPACT cognitive composite scores over at least three years of playing competitive rugby. More years of follow-up, post-injury ImPACT assessments, and previous concussions were associated with improvements in ImPACT cognitive scores over time. However, these improvements may not be clinically meaningful, as the effects were small and may reflect practice effects or test-to-test variability. These findings should be considered when interpreting acute and long-term changes in cognitive performance assessed via ImPACT among rugby players. Overall, these findings can inform player education about concerns associated with participating in rugby.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity and active recreation practices of LGBTQIA+ individuals in regional and rural Australia: A cross-sectional analysis of 17,398 residents","authors":"Chathurani De Silva,&nbsp;Emiliano Mazzoli,&nbsp;Nicola D. Ridgers,&nbsp;Lisa M. Barnett","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.04.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.04.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To explore physical activity and active recreation participation among LGBTQIA+ adults in regional and rural Australia using census data.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Cross-sectional study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Residents of six local government areas responded to the Active Living Census 2019 survey. Responses from individuals aged ≥<!--> <!-->18 years who identified as LGBTQIA+ and completed at least one physical activity item were analysed. Multilevel logistic regression assessed LGBTQIA+ residents’ likelihood of meeting vigorous-intensity and muscle-strengthening thresholds compared with non-LGBTQIA+ residents, while linear regression compared weekly vigorous-intensity activity minutes between groups. Chi-square tests compared active recreation types and barrier frequency by LGBTQIA+ status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 17,398 respondents, 591 identified as LGBTQIA+ (3.4%). LGBTQIA+ residents had 27% lower odds of meeting the vigorous-intensity physical activity and muscle-strengthening threshold (adjusted odds ratio = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [0.54, 0.98], p = 0.04) and engaged in 40 less minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week compared to non-LGBTQIA+ residents (β = −<!--> <!-->40.45, 95% confidence interval [−<!--> <!-->76.28, −<!--> <!-->4.62], p = 0.03). A greater percentage of LGBTQIA+ residents participated in bushwalking/ hiking, compared to non-LGBTQIA+ residents (LGBTQIA+ = 20.0%; non-LGBTQIA+ = 14.5%). Modifiable physical activity barriers, including personal factors such as feelings of embarrassment (44.5% vs 33.7%), were significantly higher among LGBTQIA+ residents.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>LGBTQIA+ residents living in a regional area of Australia were less likely to be physically active and faced greater participation barriers. Addressing these barriers may inform the design of interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"29 11","pages":"Pages 1249-1256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147930688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing Prep to be PRO - Bridging the gap between design and delivery","authors":"Heiestad Hege,&nbsp;Myklebust Grethe,&nbsp;Bahr Roald,&nbsp;Holm Moseid Christine","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.04.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.04.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Prep to be PRO is a comprehensive, module-based educational program for young athletes attending sport high schools, focusing on injury and illness prevention, long-term development, and health literacy, delivered by the school's coaching and teaching staff. Guided by the TRIPP and RE-AIM frameworks, this study aimed to evaluate the final development phase. We explored early coach and athlete experiences and examined the implementation process using Durlak and DuPre's eight dimensions of implementation quality to identify factors that may facilitate or hinder future integration of the program into routine practice.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Mixed-methods case study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected from school administrator and coach workshop evaluations, athlete feedback following an instructional session, and observational field notes generated through researcher participation. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were combined, with qualitative data first analyzed thematically and then interpreted through RE-AIM and Durlak and DuPre's framework to identify relevant factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, evaluations were collected from 174 school administrators and coaches and 986 athletes. Key factors that facilitated program uptake included the perceived relevance of the content, robust training support, engaged leadership, and structured mechanisms for feedback and fidelity monitoring. The primary challenges were limited time and resources, variability in coach readiness, tensions between program standardization and local adaptation, and competing institutional priorities. Together, these factors shaped initial adoption and highlighted the need for purposeful infrastructural support to sustain the program over time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Effective scaling depends on strengthening the implementation infrastructure, especially by boosting coach support, clarifying roles, and striking the right balance between fidelity and flexibility yet preserving the program's core elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"29 11","pages":"Pages 1196-1204"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147948724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of stress urinary incontinence and associated factors in elite female football players: Better understanding for better prevention","authors":"Emmanuel Orhant,&nbsp;Christopher Carling,&nbsp;Carole Maitre,&nbsp;Anne-Sophie Muller,&nbsp;Alice Van Niekerk,&nbsp;François-Xavier Ferey,&nbsp;Tom Chassard,&nbsp;Marine Dupuit,&nbsp;Adrien Revault","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Stress urinary incontinence affects many female athletes. Its effect in elite women's football has received little attention. This study aims to determine the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in elite women's football, investigate its triggers, analyze compensatory strategies, and identify practical solutions to reduce its impact on health and performance.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Observational, cross-sectional survey.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used anonymized, retrospective data from 368 football players who completed an online questionnaire assessing the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence through both direct and indirect questions, triggering factors and the level of dialog on this topic. Sub-analyses explored differences across practice levels (National: Divisions 1 and 2, Division 3 and Under19 and Regional: Other).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Direct questions revealed that 19% of players reported suffering from stress urinary incontinence, while indirect indicators suggested a prevalence of 55%, with no significant difference between groups. Jumping/ landing was the main trigger (41%), followed by running (27%) and abdominal exercises (18%). 20% of players were asked about their stress urinary incontinence by physicians and 8% by coaches or physiotherapists, with no differences across practice levels. However, dialog with gynecologists (p &lt; 0.001) and physiotherapists (p = 0.03) was significantly higher among top-level Division 1 and 2 players compared to Division 3 and Under19 and Other.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Stress urinary incontinence is common in women's football. This study emphasizes understanding the triggering factors for stress urinary incontinence prevention, treatment, and open discussion to avoid negative effects on athletes' health and performance. Coaches and healthcare professionals also play a key role in prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"29 11","pages":"Pages 1305-1312"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148157012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese coaches' perceptions of non-physical factors in training adaptation: A multicausal, cross-cultural perspective","authors":"Kechi Anyadike-Danes,&nbsp;Meijun Qu,&nbsp;Lars Donath","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Chinese coaches were surveyed to examine their opinion on non-physical factors role in training adaptation and performance, results were compared with prior Western data and the influence of cultural reasoning styles on causal prioritisation considered.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Cross-sectional survey.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A survey was administered to Chinese coaches (n = 106) across a range of sports (e.g. Olympic Weightlifting and racket sports) and competitive levels (club to international). Included were items rating the importance of various non-physical factors alongside physical training components and open-ended questions probing perceived mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most coaches (e.g., ≥<!--> <!-->80%) rated non-physical factors as essential modifiers of training adaptation and performance across all timescales. Quantitative ratings showed a broad range of factors were considered important, with less clustering than observed in a prior Western sample. Qualitative themes indicated that coaches view non-physical factors as modulators that act to amplify or dampen the effects of training, thus shaping ‘how much’ an athlete improves. These findings align with a multicausal perspective and suggest a holistic orientation in causal reasoning.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These coaches perceived training adaptation as inherently multifactorial, with non-physical factors functioning as critical modifiers rather than peripheral influences. The broad range of importance ratings suggests cultural context may shape causal prioritisation. Sport science should move beyond linear, physical-centric models and incorporate culturally informed, configurational frameworks that account for the diverse conditions underpinning adaptation. Future cross-cultural and mixed-methods research is needed to test whether cognitive style differences underlie variation in coaching beliefs and to refine training models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"29 11","pages":"Pages 1277-1285"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in sport and active recreation participation during the transition from mid to late adulthood: A longitudinal cohort analysis of sociodemographic patterns","authors":"Manuela Besomi,&nbsp;Natalie J. Collins,&nbsp;Michelle D. Smith,&nbsp;Nicola W. Burton,&nbsp;Wendy J. Brown,&nbsp;Gregore I. Mielke","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.04.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To examine five-year trends in participation in sports and active recreation during the transition from midlife to early older age, and to assess how these trends varied by sex, age group, and education level.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Longitudinal cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were drawn from the How Areas in Brisbane Influence healTh and AcTivity study, a population-based cohort of mid aged and older adults living in Brisbane, Australia. Participants completed mail surveys in 2007, 2009, and 2011, reporting frequency of participation in each of 12 types of sports and active recreation. Weekly participation (≥<!--> <!-->once per week) was summarised by gender. Generalised estimating equations with three-way interactions (year × age × sex and year × age × education) were used to examine participation trends.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analytical sample included 10,997 participants. Weekly participation in four or more activities declined from 8.8% to 3.8% between 2009 and 2011, whilst less than-weekly participation increased from 41.4% to 66.9%. The most common activities at age 40–44 years were home-based exercises, weights, and running, all of which declined in participation over time. Women participated more frequently in yoga/tai chi and exercise classes, whereas men more often engaged in running, cycling, and golf. Significant interaction effects for tennis, running, and weights indicated differing trends by age, sex and education level.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings highlight demographic differences in participation patterns and may inform strategies to support sustained engagement in recreational physical activity across mid-to-later adulthood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"29 11","pages":"Pages 1257-1265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147959371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity intensity and embodied learning in preschool children: A response","authors":"Carlos Martin-Martinez,&nbsp;Augusto García-Zapico,&nbsp;Pedro L. Valenzuela,&nbsp;Asier Mañas,&nbsp;Oscar Martinez-de-Quel","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"29 11","pages":"Pages 1275-1276"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148712709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new risk factor for non-contact lower-limb injuries?","authors":"Tim Meyer","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.09.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"29 11","pages":"Page 1195"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149095618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “What lies behind injury prevention behaviour in youth handball and football? A cross-sectional nationwide study of behavioural constructs in 865 coaches and players” [J Sci Med Sport volume 29, issue 4 (2026). Pages 385–392, DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2025.10.009]","authors":"Emilie S. Sjølie,&nbsp;Carly D. McKay,&nbsp;Siv Gjesdal,&nbsp;Hege Grindem,&nbsp;Grethe Myklebust,&nbsp;Christian T. Bjørndal,&nbsp;Merete Møller","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"29 11","pages":"Pages 1313-1314"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence applications in sport-related concussion: an updated scoping review","authors":"Marco Vecchiato,&nbsp;Filippo Dal Ponte,&nbsp;Emanuele Zanardo,&nbsp;Stefano Palermi,&nbsp;Marco Bazo,&nbsp;Daniel Neunhaeuserer,&nbsp;Andrea Ermolao,&nbsp;Silvia Bressan,&nbsp;Veronica Baioccato","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Sport-related concussion is a complex mild traumatic brain injury for which diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis remain largely dependent on subjective clinical assessment. Artificial intelligence has emerged as a potential tool to enhance objectivity by integrating large, multimodal datasets across the concussion care pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Scoping review.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature search was conducted across six databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central) from inception to December 2025. Eligible studies were classified into four domains: Detection &amp; Diagnosis, Monitoring &amp; Surveillance, Prognosis &amp; Recovery, and Prevention &amp; Risk Modeling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. Detection &amp; Diagnosis was the most represented domain, primarily leveraging electroencephalography, speech, motor, and multimodal clinical data. Monitoring &amp; Surveillance studies focused on wearable sensors, mouthguards, and video-based impact detection to quantify exposure and reduce false-positive events. Prognosis &amp; Recovery models examined recovery trajectories, persistent symptoms, and reinjury risk, while Prevention &amp; Risk Modeling studies predominantly relied on biomechanical and finite element-derived data to estimate injury risk. Despite promising performance, studies were highly heterogeneous and frequently limited by small or imbalanced samples, inconsistent outcome definitions, limited external validation, and poor model interpretability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Artificial intelligence shows growing potential to support sport-related concussion management across multiple clinical domains. However, current evidence supports its use primarily as a decision-support tool. Future research should prioritize large, multicenter studies, transparent labeling strategies, explainable artificial intelligence frameworks, and rigorous external validation to enable safe implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"29 11","pages":"Pages 1213-1223"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}