Journal of science and medicine in sport最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of eccentric calf muscle exercise therapy in patients with chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Tamara Janssen, Sietske van Berkel, Mireille Edens, Laura Weerwag, Robert-Jan de Vos","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Achilles tendinopathy is a common injury that reduces quality of life and function. Eccentric calf muscle exercise therapy (EET) is the most frequently used exercise type in clinical trials. This study aimed to compare the short-term effectiveness of EET to sham exercise therapy (upper extremity strength training, UET) in patients with chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults with clinically diagnosed Achilles tendinopathy were assigned to either EET or UET. The intervention consisted of daily calf-muscle or upper limb strengthening exercises for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A, 0-100) score over 12 weeks. Treatment effects were analyzed using linear mixed models, based on intention-to-treat.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-eight participants (34 EET, 34 UET) were included (mean age: 52 ± 10 years; 40% female). Ten participants (15%) were lost to follow-up. After 12 weeks, the mean VISA-A score improved by 10 points (95% confidence interval [CI], 2-22) in the EET group and by 6 points (95% CI, 2-15) in the UET group. The adjusted between-group difference was not significant (4 points; 95% CI, -7-15).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy, no significant difference in symptom improvement was observed between unsupervised home-based EET and UET after 12 weeks. These findings suggest limited short-term effectiveness of EET as an unsupervised home-based exercise program.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal performance development in youth track and field: A population-level study.","authors":"Atle G Guttormsen","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To construct longitudinal developmental trajectories for competitive youth athletes, document sex-specific development, and evaluate cross-sectional performance benchmarks.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective longitudinal cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Season-best performances from the Norwegian Athletics Federation database (135,403 observations, 31,028 athletes aged 10-25, seasons 2011-2025) were analysed in 60 m, 800 m, high jump, and long jump for both sexes. Longitudinal panel trajectories (athletes with ≥3 seasons) and within-athlete mixed-effects models were compared with cross-sectional top-100 benchmarks. Age-to-age change in the top-100 was decomposed into within-athlete and between-athlete components, and birth-quarter distributions were analysed for relative age effects using odds ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A mixed-effects model showed within-athlete performance improving through the teens and continuing well beyond the age 17-18 plateau of cross-sectional benchmarks, decelerating and levelling off in the early twenties; the descriptive panel rose higher at the oldest ages, consistent with selective persistence. Boys and girls performed almost identically at ages 10-12, then diverged sharply from age 13 to 14 (consistent with puberty), stabilising by age 18. Cross-sectional benchmarks substantially understated development: in the high jump, model-based improvement reached 63% by age 25 (descriptive panel, 81%) against a benchmark that peaked at 61% then declined, with panel-benchmark gaps up to 48 percentage points. Athletes born early in the selection year had up to 2.6 times the odds of top-100 membership at ages 10-13, fading by the twenties.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cross-sectional top-N curves understate individual development and should not be used to infer it; longitudinal trajectories more closely approximate how individuals develop and provide a more suitable reference for coaching and talent identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic supplementation improves the emotional state of combat athletes during the pre-competition weight loss phase.","authors":"Wanting Shen, Zhenqin Cheng, Shijiao Yang, Meiyi Lai, Jing Wang, Qun Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effects of probiotic supplementation on mood state, mood-related biochemical indicators, and gut microbiota in combat athletes undergoing pre-competition rapid weight loss.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A randomized, placebo-controlled intervention study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two combat athletes undergoing pre-competition rapid weight loss were randomized to a probiotic group (PRO) or a placebo group (PLA). One participant in the PRO group withdrew during the intervention; thus, 32 athletes completed the study and were included in the final analysis (PRO, n = 16; PLA, n = 6). The PRO group received a proprietary multi-strain probiotic powder for 4 weeks, while the PLA group received a matched placebo. Mood state, circulating biochemical indicators, and gut microbiota composition were assessed before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The percentage of body weight reduction was comparable between groups. Before false discovery rate correction, the clearest mood-related signal was observed for the fatigue subscale of the Profile of Mood States, with fatigue increasing in the PLA group but decreasing in the PRO group. At the biochemical level, circulating gamma-aminobutyric acid showed a greater increase in the PRO group than in the PLA group. Probiotic supplementation was also associated with the modest taxonomic shifts in the gut microbiota, including numerical increases in Firmicutes, Blautia, and Faecalibacterium and a decrease in Streptococcus, whereas alpha- and beta-diversity did not differ significantly between groups. In targeted exploratory correlation analyses, Firmicutes was positively correlated with circulating gamma-aminobutyric acid at the phylum level after false discovery rate correction. However, after false discovery rate correction, none of the questionnaire or biochemical interaction effects remained statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In combat athletes undergoing pre-competition rapid weight loss, probiotic supplementation was associated with favorable directional changes in fatigue, circulating gamma-aminobutyric acid, and selected gut microbiota features. These exploratory findings are broadly compatible with the gut-brain-axis framework but require confirmation in larger studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148603843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sports nutrition knowledge, beliefs, and dietary practices among African football players: a pan-African cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yousri Elghoul, Ben Mwesigwa, Maurice Douryang, Ralph Frimpong, Carol B Mahachi, Sidney-Rich Acquaye, Nonhlanhla S Mkumbuzi","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study assessed sports nutrition knowledge, nutrition-related beliefs, and dietary practices among African football players across all six Confederation of African Football zones and examined how age, sex, education, and competitive level relate to sports nutrition knowledge.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Pan-African, descriptive cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1310 players (758 men/boys; 552 women/girls) completed a validated questionnaire adapted from previous literature and the Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire. Non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U; Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn-Holm correction), Chi-square tests, and Spearman correlations were used to examine group differences and associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, sports nutrition knowledge was low. Fewer than half of players correctly identified macronutrient content in common foods (carbohydrates 45-53%; protein 23-41%; fat 50-57%). Knowledge of optimal nutrient timing (34-39%) and hydration strategies (<33%) was similarly limited. Belief misconceptions were widespread: 75% endorsed routine supplement use, and nearly half believed iron tablets should be taken for fatigue and pallor. Only 8.5% reported high confidence in their sports nutrition knowledge, most of which originated from internet sources (34%). Although 68% consumed three meals daily, only 26-32% reported daily fruit or vegetable intake, while ∼40% consumed daily fast food, sweetened beverages, and supplements. Sports nutrition knowledge differed significantly by age, education, and competition level (p < 0.001, respectively), with senior players and those with higher education scoring higher. Women/girls had higher sports nutrition knowledge than men/boys (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the need for context-specific, evidence-based nutrition education strategies to support healthy and performance-enhancing dietary behaviours among developing and elite football players across Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148603885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory analysis of plasma pTau181 and frontal EEG in young male rugby players with cumulative sport-related concussions.","authors":"SoYoung Ahn, Kihoon Yuk, Hyunjun Bae, Sanghag Ko, Ji-Won Seo, Nur Afiqah Binti Zulkifli, Shu Jiang, Parivash Jamrasi, Seok Chung, Hyo Youl Moon, Wook Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sport-related concussion (SRC) is a common injury in rugby and has been implicated in long-term neurodegenerative risks. However, early indicators of neurophysiological and molecular changes in active athletes remain poorly defined. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between cumulative SRC exposure and biomarkers of early neurodegeneration in rugby athletes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty elite collegiate and semi-professional male rugby players (21.13 ± 2.71 years) underwent ultrasensitive plasma-based biomarkers (amyloid-β40, amyloid-β42, total tau, and phosphorylated-tau-181 [pTau181]), frontal Electroencephalography (EEG) during rest and cognitive tasks (Stroop and King-Devick tests), and Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 6th edition (SCAT6). SRC history was verified using team medical records and SCAT6. Pearson's and Partial correlation (covariates: age, career duration, playing position, and time since last SRC) analyses were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SRC history was significantly associated with pTau181 level (r = 0.398, p = 0.044), while other biomarkers showed no significant relationship. EEG analyses revealed that SRC count correlated with increased delta and gamma power during eyes-closed, and decreased frontal gamma power during eyes-open rest and the Stroop task. Additionally, pTau181 levels correlated with altered frontal EEG patterns during Stroop task. Cognitive performance was largely preserved, with only Stroop accuracy showing significant decline with SRC history.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Young male rugby players with greater SRC exposure exhibited a trend toward elevated plasma pTau181 level and exploratory indications of altered frontal EEG activity. Further studies with larger samples and longitudinal designs are warranted to confirm the potential utility of peripheral and electrophysiological biomarkers for early risk monitoring in contact-sport athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance training frequency and hyperuricemia in South Korea, 2016-2023: a nationally representative cross-sectional study.","authors":"Jin-Hyun Park, Seokjin Kong, Eun Seok Kang, Seohui Jang, Jeongin Lee, Minjeong Kang, Taeho Kwak, Yihyun Kim, Jihun Song, Jaewon Khil, Hye Jun Kim, Seogsong Jeong, Hwamin Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Hyperuricemia affects approximately one in seven adults in the Western Pacific region and is linked to multiple cardiometabolic diseases. Despite established benefits of resistance training for metabolic health, its relationship with hyperuricemia remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between resistance training frequency and hyperuricemia in Korean adults.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2023).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 36,931 Korean adults aged ≥19 years. Participants were categorized by weekly resistance training frequency: 0-1, 2-3, and ≥4 days per week. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid >7.0 mg/dL in men and >6.0 mg/dL in women. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall hyperuricemia prevalence was 12.7% (95% CI 12.2-13.1) and 15.7% (95% CI 14.3-17.0) for resistance training ≥4 days per week. Training ≥4 days per week was associated with higher odds of hyperuricemia (OR: 1.15; 95% CI 1.01-1.31), particularly among individuals meeting physical activity guidelines of the World Health Organization (OR: 1.32; 95% CI 1.07-1.63).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While minimum resistance training recommendations are well-established, these cross-sectional findings suggest that very high training frequency may be associated with increased hyperuricemia odds, a relationship that warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"A good bang for your buck\": Practitioner perspectives of prescribing and monitoring High-Intensity Multimodal Training.","authors":"Tijana Sharp, Lee Wallace, Charlize D Marques, Samuel Higham, Aaron J Coutts, Katie Slattery","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>High-Intensity Multimodal Training (HIMT) combines high-intensity aerobic, resistance and/or bodyweight training throughout a single session. It is widely used in community settings and may promote time-efficient participation in physical activity and exercise enjoyment. Despite this, there remains large heterogeneity in the literature, limiting the understanding of the best practice methods for practitioners to prescribe and monitor HIMT. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the professional experiences of HIMT practitioners to gain insight into current real-world practice.</p><p><strong>Design & methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 HIMT practitioners. Thematic analysis principles underpinned the application of both deductive and inductive codes to the data to generate key themes using a five-phase framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HIMT practitioners described variety in prescription and monitoring practices. Practitioners also perceived challenges in maintaining client engagement whilst adhering to scientific principles, alongside managing logistical constraints inherent to group-based training environments. Subjective intensity monitoring tools (e.g., rating of perceived exertion) were favoured due to their feasibility and practicality. HIMT was perceived as a time-efficient, engaging training mode. However, concerns were raised that HIMT may limit the magnitude of specific physical adaptations (e.g., strength, skill development).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HIMT practitioners adopt context-driven approaches to exercise prescription and monitoring that prioritise practicality, feasibility and client engagement. Perspectives suggest that clearer prescriptive recommendations are required to support practitioners in aligning HIMT session design with intended training outcomes. These findings highlight the need for ecologically valid research that reflects the realities of HIMT delivery and supports the translation of research to practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148679113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive-motor training - a narrative cornerstone review and systematic classification approach.","authors":"Lea Weike, Max Toepper, Claudia Voelcker-Rehage, Vonetta M Dotson, Claus Reinsberger","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive-motor training consists of exercises combining cognitive and motor tasks (either applied sequentially or simultaneously) to stimulate both neurocognitive and motor domains. While evidence for the benefits of cognitive-motor training is well established in older adults (e.g., concerning falls as a clinical outcome), its clinical and scientific use nowadays extends toward the treatment of neurological diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis), the assessment and treatment of sport-related concussion, and performance enhancement in athletes. The application of cognitive-motor training for this novel spectrum is, however, everything but homogeneous, both with respect to terminology and content. For example, depending on the disease or setting, the cognitive-motor training may involve different combinations of cognitive domains (e.g., memory, attention, cognitive speed, executive functions) and motor demands (e.g., endurance, strength, speed, coordination, flexibility). In this narrative cornerstone review, essential aspects of cognitive-motor training (terminology, indications, contents, and examples) are summarized. Neurocognitive domains and motor demands are systematically connected to provide a framework for comprehensive or tailored cognitive-motor training.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148712730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injury as a barrier to sport and physical activity participation in physically inactive women.","authors":"Kiera Staley, Andrea M Bruder, Alex Donaldson, Paul O'Halloran, Matthew Nicholson, Andrea B Mosler","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the demographic characteristics of physically inactive women self-reporting injury as a barrier to organised sport/physical activity and explore associations between these variables.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey was administered to women aged ≥18 years following participation in social sport programmes in Victoria, Australia. Data included: demographic, physical activity participation, and injury-related variables. Participants were classified as injury-affected if they reported injury, before or during the programme, as a participation barrier. Responses from physically inactive participants (<150 min physical activity/week) with complete injury-classification data formed the analytic sample. Descriptive statistics summarised participant characteristics, and logistic regressions estimated associations between demographic variables and injury status (ORs, 95% CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1618 survey respondents, 1339 (82.7%) met inclusion criteria, of whom 20.8% (n = 279) were injury-affected. A subset (n = 77) of the injury-affected women completed additional injury-specific questions revealing the common injury sites: knee (39.0%), lower back (29.9%), and ankle (24.7%). Univariate analyses revealed associations between geographical location, parental status, education, income, regular physical activity confidence, and injury-affected status. However, only lower income and low confidence remained independently associated in the multivariate model (OR = 1.84-3.28, p < 0.05), with higher odds of being injury-affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>One in five physically inactive women who engaged in social sport reported injury as a barrier to participation. Socioeconomic disadvantage and lower physical activity confidence were key associations with injury-affected status. Tailored injury-prevention and management strategies that address structural inequities and build participant confidence to support safe, sustained sport/physical activity engagement are needed for physically inactive women.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Running ahead of the evidence? Rethinking the exercise-cognition consensus after five decades of research.","authors":"Daniel Sanabria, Luis F Ciria, Darías Holgado, František Bartoš, Antonio Luque-Casado, Miguel Fernández-Del-Olmo, Pandelis Perakakis, Rafael Román-Caballero","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2026.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148471038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}