American Journal of Economics and Business Administration最新文献

{"title":"Strategic Management in Times of Crisis","authors":"M. Groh","doi":"10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.49.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.49.57","url":null,"abstract":"This aim of this article is to identify unusual strategic-management matters in times of crisis. The research scope is strategic management processes, the characteristics of the processes and methods of strategic crisis management. The study reports research on the contemporary state of strategic crisis-management problems and provides an analysis of some theoretical and methodological principles. The analysis includes a classification of the main problems which must be solved for efficient, strategic, crisis management. The article indicates strategic and tactical management methods used by corporations and raises questions about the functional distribution of strategic management within relevant authorities; it makes practical recommendations for the functional realization of strategic management goals at all stages of a crisis; it identifies the responsible supervisory entities and the main results of strategic management. The range of problems of the subsystems of strategic management in a crisis period is researched; a basic set of strategic competences of the management authorities is found; and the functional distribution of strategic management in crisis conditions is shown. The suggested mechanism for strategic management in crisis situations is the instrument for the prevention and liquidation of crisis phenomena; it increases the efficiency of the adoption and realization of strategic plans to counter crises. Using planned scenarios and mechanisms to run corporations during a crisis may provide the opportunity to maintain strict governance of the actions of corporate top management and to identify the main tasks for neutralizing crisis events as they develop during the crisis situation. Quick and effective implementation of the set tasks during a crisis will help a corporation to increase the efficiency of its anti-crisis measures.","PeriodicalId":169514,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129358165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MEASURING CUSTOMER’S SATISFACTION ON BUS TRANSPORTATION","authors":"R. Islam, M. S. Chowdhury, Mohammad Sumann Sarker, S. Ahmed","doi":"10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.34.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.34.41","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to examine the factors measuring customers’ satisfaction, especially the impact of service quality on customers’ satisfaction in public transportation industry in the university town of Sintok located in Kedah province of Malaysia. In order to assess the relationships between service quality and customer satisfaction survey http://www.scientificjournals.org/journals2007/articles/1003.htmdata were collected from 300 Bus commuters. All hypotheses were tested using Pearson correlations, controlling for the background variables of gender, marital status, ethnicity and education. The results indicate that hypotheses 1 through 5 were supported. Using multiple regressions as a basis for causal paths, a model was developed that examined the influence of all five dimensions of service quality on customers’ satisfaction. The model explained 26.9% of the variance which indicates that 26.9% of the changes in the dependent variable are explained by the independent variables. Altogether, independent variables explained 26.9% of the variations.","PeriodicalId":169514,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124988682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS ON THE GROWTH OF ITALIAN SOCIAL COOPERATIVES","authors":"F. Agliata, C. Ferrone, Danilo Tuccillo","doi":"10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.19.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.19.33","url":null,"abstract":"The Third Sector in Italy records a slow but consta nt growth due to the increase of the number of enti ties but not of their dimension. The difficulties in fin ancial management, generated by a low attraction of debt and equity financial resources and a low level of m anagerial skills characterized the non profit organizations. Focused on the social cooperatives, the article describe the effects on the financial s tructure of innovative financial instruments as the particip ative loan. In the last years in Italy there has be en an increasing attention towards the ethical finance. T he consideration of the social co-ops as a part of the Third Sector allows them to have a privileged interlocuti on with the institutions of the ethical finance. Bu t the development of this institutions, although it is or iginated from the will to support the social respon sible development, at the moment seems not to support a substantial resolution of the financial needs relate d to the management of the social cooperatives. The arti cle shows an analysis on a particular financial intermediary, the Cooperazione Finanza Impresa (CFI). This institution is a private equity investor wh ich since twenty years is dedicated to worker cooperati ves and social cooperatives. The interest for this institution, besides the entities financed, is base d on a particular form of participative loan develo ped. The investigation start from the observation of a singu lar social cooperatives with the elaboration of a s et of indicators based on the financial ratio analysis. T he evaluation regard the financial structure previo us to the financing operation and its subsequent modification . Due to the first conclusions, the investigation enlarged the analysis to a sample of 10 social cooperatives in order to confirm the first results. The observat ion of modified financial structure up a period of five ye ars shows significative positive change that suppor t both the economic and the financial equilibrium, with a significant reduction of the average cost of the de bt in all the cooperatives financing by participative loans.","PeriodicalId":169514,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125646049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AN EXAMINATION OF THE GROWING LEVEL OF INCOME INEQUALITY","authors":"Allen L. Webster","doi":"10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.11.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.11.18","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the dispute surrounding the per ceived gap in incomes of different socio-economic classes. The trend in income inequality based on th e Gini coefficient in America in contrast to that o f other nations in the Organization for Economic Cooperatio n and Development is displayed. Global and national forces seen as causes for the increased separation of income levels are discussed. Continued economic disparity can threaten public welfare and create so cial unrest that will ultimately prove detrimental to the social and economic fabric that bind a nation. This issue will continue to remain at the forefront of our public policy and will play a significant role in t he future course of our economic policy.","PeriodicalId":169514,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"219 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131527531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Primer on the One-Parameter Rasch Model.","authors":"R. McCamey","doi":"10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.159.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.159.163","url":null,"abstract":"The Rasch measurement model improves on traditional test construction by creating tests in which the person’s ability is independent of the sample of items used and the norm group used to calibrate the test. This article is an introductory review of the Rasch Model and describes properties of the Item Characteristic Curve (ICC) and discusses the utility of having person ability and item difficulty on a common scale.","PeriodicalId":169514,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"129 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130031644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INNOVATION MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESS AND A CROSS-SECTORAL EMPIRICAL STUDY","authors":"Alt inodot, nda gbreve, Erkut, Polathan Küsbeci","doi":"10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"In rapidly changing and developing world, the impor tance given for the concept of innovation appeared as an inevitable factor for the firms to obtain sustai nable competitive advantage started to increase and has become an issue of a particular concern in agenda o f company executives. The concept of innovation appears as a factor that should be discussed as a w hole and on which many ideas have been put forward and interpretations have been made. The basic purpose o f this study was to discuss the innovation as management emphasizing the importance of innovation in term of businesses. In the study, it is tried t o specify whether the companies analyzed in the sample scale determined in Istanbul province had interes ts related to actualizing innovation and management ap plications or not. By the help of the hypothesis established in accordance with the purpose of the r esearch, reliability and validity were tested using correlation and regression analysis with SPSS 17 so ftware. Consequently, it was revealed that it is compulsory for entities to adapt and practice innov ative and management approaches in order for them to achieve successful results at this process when inn ovation has become such necessary and important. In particular, innovation directly affects the firm’s financial and growth performance in various ways.","PeriodicalId":169514,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121033906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General Theory of Systems and Tendencies of Administration","authors":"Zlatko Brnjas","doi":"10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.143.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.143.147","url":null,"abstract":"In order to better understand the operation of administrative organization but also world that surrounds us we need to study the general theory of systems. Therefore, I will devote the first part of the paper to the general theory of systems. In that part of the paper I will tell what general theory of administration is and who had first introduced here into science. All systems in order to better achieve their goals in the case of competition must act according to the game theory to accomplish their goal. The second part of paper refers to the definition of the administrative system. We need Administrative systems to better understand the mode of administrative organization and administration in general and its tendencies. In order to better understand the tendencies in the paper I have given some formulas that are created by other scientists from various fields of science and some of them I've created.","PeriodicalId":169514,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114431054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Organizational Justice on Teachersâ Work Related Outcomes in Egypt with an Integer Programming Model","authors":"Essam Khalil, Iman Mohamed Sharaf","doi":"10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.148.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.148.158","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the impact of perceived organizational justice on Egyptian teachers’ work related outcomes. It investigates the direct impact of organizational justice on teachers’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment and its indirect impact on their turnover intention through these factors. It also examines the difference in teachers' perception of organizational justice and work related outcomes in public schools from that of private schools. Using a self-administrated questionnaire, 308 Egyptian teachers from 31 schools operating in the Tenth of Ramadan city were surveyed. Amos 18 and SPSS 20 were utilized to perform the statistical analyses. An integer programming model is presented to test the direct and indirect impacts of these variables on turnover intention. The study revealed that distributive justice is more related to teachers’ job satisfaction than procedural justice, while interactional justice is more related to teachers’ organizational commitment than procedural justice. Organizational justice was found to have an indirect impact on turnover intention through organizational commitment. The results show that there is a significant difference in teachers’ perception of organizational justice and organizational commitment in public schools from that of private schools. On the other hand there is no significant difference between their perception of job satisfaction and turnover intention. This study demonstrates empirically the importance of organizational justice in developing positive work related outcomes in a developing country. It enables school managers to develop appropriate strategies and policies to achieve better outcomes especially in hard working conditions.","PeriodicalId":169514,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130186338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Price Volatility of Grains: Relationship with Crude Oil Price Using CCC-Multivariate GARCH Model","authors":"A. Todsadee, H. Kameyama, S. Itô","doi":"10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.138.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.138.142","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural commodities prices have increased and become significantly more volatile during the past few years periods. The high agricultural commodity prices in recent years have raised the question of whether or not volatility is increasing and leading to more frequent extreme price swings. It is very important to quantify price variability of agricultural products. This paper measures the volatility of food commodity prices using multivariate GARCH. Lagged conditional variance and lagged square distribute have an important on the conditional variance. Moreover, the coefficient of the lagged squared effect was positive and statistically significant for feed crop market. We conclude that strong GARCH effects were apparent for agricultural market.","PeriodicalId":169514,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133637229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Municipal Employeeâs Performance Efficiency and Effectiveness Indicators on the Basis of Functional and Process Approaches","authors":"E. Danilina, D. Gorelov","doi":"10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.133.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEBASP.2014.133.137","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most difficult problems in evaluation of performance effectiveness of municipal employees is developing a list of relevant criteria and indicators. The purpose of this article is to develop schematic scientifically grounded criteria to evaluate the effectiveness of the professional performance of municipal employees. The article considers the model for the development of a system of performance efficiency and effectiveness of municipal employees, which is a combination of functional and process approaches in pace rating of municipal employees. Analysis of performance efficiency and effectiveness evaluation practice of municipal employees shows that there is no consistent approach in formation of the evaluation system. Nevertheless, we should note the common pattern, which is as follows: The techniques that involve the use of aggregate quantitative, qualitative and temporal indicators of managerial work are more frequently used in various evaluation practices. After analyzing the technologies and approaches, proposed by various authors with regard to formation of the performance efficiency and effectiveness system of municipal employees, the author of current article highlights the main features serving the basis for performance indicators; these are the number of completed scheduled and unscheduled works, the quality of accomplished assignments and compliance with deadlines. Performance indicators of the municipal employees include management efficiency indicators that characterize the ratio of management results and used resources, as well as effectiveness indicators, showing the success in achieving the goals. Presented functional-process model, which includes quantitative, qualitative and temporal indicators, can be applied at various stages of the municipal service carrier, whereas the results obtained can be taken into account when making personnel decisions in the municipal authorities.","PeriodicalId":169514,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124683082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}