Journal of Poultry Science最新文献

{"title":"Repression Effects of Hydrolysates from Hen-Egg Proteins on Amyloid Fibril Formation.","authors":"Yukiko Muroi,&nbsp;Izumi Aburaya,&nbsp;Takuro Shima,&nbsp;Mitsuharu Matsumoto,&nbsp;Ryo Sasahara,&nbsp;Takahisa Suzuki,&nbsp;Keiichi Watanabe,&nbsp;Koji Wada,&nbsp;Yasushi Sugimoto","doi":"10.2141/jpsa.0220038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0220038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyloid fibrils, which are formed from aggregates of aberrant proteins, can cause various forms of amyloidosis (including Alzheimer's disease). Such disorders often occur in elderly populations and are suspected to be lifestyle related. Thus, it has been speculated that some foodstuffs could be beneficial for preventing amyloidosis. In this study, we determine whether fibril formation by the hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) could be inhibited by conducting a thioflavin T assay followed by fluorescence and electron microscopy observations. The results demonstrated that four peptide specimens prepared by the hydrolysis of crude proteins from the egg white, egg yolk, chalazae, and eggshell membrane of hen eggs effectively inhibited HEWL fibril formation. Among the four specimens, peptides from chalazae exhibited the highest preventive ability. The superiority of chalaza peptides was also observed when fibril formation was assayed using a full-length human lysozyme and human amyloid <i>β</i> peptide 1-42, which is the key factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease. Our study of the fibrillization of the human lysozyme also showed that metal ions (Zn²⁺, Ca²⁺, Co²⁺, Mn²⁺ and Al³⁺) promoted fibrillization, and their effects were abolished by the peptide specimens (especially by chalaza peptides). Thus, we conclude that chicken-egg proteins could be a convenient source of therapeutic materials for amyloidosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"59 4","pages":"384-391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d5/72/59_384.PMC9596292.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40688158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune Response in Chickens Vaccinated with Freeze-Thawed or Warmed Water-in-Oil Vaccine.","authors":"Takeshi Kawasaki,&nbsp;Tomohito Iwasaki,&nbsp;Takafumi Watanabe,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Hasegawa,&nbsp;Marina Hosotani,&nbsp;Michi Yamada","doi":"10.2141/jpsa.0220029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0220029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated whether freezing or warming water-in-oil (W/O) vaccines affected the immune responses of chickens. One of the conditions affecting the efficacy of commercially available animal vaccines is the storage temperature range. Previous studies have shown that the properties of some inactivated vaccines change owing to freezing, leading to reduced immune responsiveness after inoculation. In this study, we first determined the freezing temperatures of a commercial W/O vaccine using freezers maintained at -10, -13, -15, and -20°C. The results showed that the W/O vaccine froze from -10 to -12°C. Next, we evaluated the effect on antibody level transitions (sample-to-positive ratio) in 46-day-old broiler chickens vaccinated with the W/O vaccine that was maintained at -20°C, 5°C, and -10°C, in that order. In addition, the effect on antibody value transitions was evaluated in 45-day-old broiler chickens vaccinated with the W/O vaccines that were frozen and thawed between -20°C and 5°C repeatedly or warmed to 45°C. In these experiments, no remarkable effect of the freeze-thawing or warming treatments on antibody value transitions was observed. These results suggested that the efficacy of the W/O vaccine was not significantly affected when placed in a frozen environment or left in a room temperature environment of 42°C or lower for approximately 5 d. These data indicate the possibility of expanding the temperature range for handling W/O vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":16883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"59 4","pages":"378-383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/47/de/59_378.PMC9596295.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40688155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete Mitochondrial Genome Analysis Clarifies the Enigmatic Origin of Haplogroup D in Japanese Native Chickens.","authors":"Takahiro Yonezawa, Masahide Nishibori, Yoshio Yamamoto, Takeshi Sasaki, Kohei Kudo, Hiroshi Ogawa, Hideki Endo, Fumihito Akishinonomiya","doi":"10.2141/jpsa.0220027","DOIUrl":"10.2141/jpsa.0220027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Japanese native chickens (JNCs) comprise approximately 50 breeds, making Japan a diversity hotspot for native chicken breeds. JNCs were established through the repeated introduction of chickens from foreign countries. Jidori, which is the generic name of JNC breeds whose ancestral morphology resembles that of their wild progenitor (red junglefowls), is generally thought to have propagated from north East Asia (Korea and north China) to ancient Japan. However, mitochondrial haplogroup D, which is abundant in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) as well as the Pacific but relatively rare in other regions, can be observed in some Jidori breeds (e.g., Tosa-Jidori, Tokuji-Jidori) with high frequency, leading to speculation that chickens from ISEA or the Pacific also contributed genetically to JNCs. To test this hypothesis, we sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of Jidori breeds and conducted phylogeographic analysis. Our results indicate that the JNC Haplogroup D belongs to Sub-haplogroup D2, which is currently only observed in Xinjiang, northwest China, and not to Sub-haplogroup D1, which is widely distributed in the ISEA-Pacific region. The other mitochondrial haplogroups of Jidori examined in this study also showed affinity to those of chickens native to north East Asia. Therefore, our findings support the north East Asian origin hypothesis for Jidori.</p>","PeriodicalId":16883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"59 4","pages":"316-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/95/3f/59_316.PMC9596293.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40688159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Hypothalamic Transforming Growth Factor-<i>β</i> (TGF-<i>β</i>)/Smad Signaling in Feeding Regulation in Chickens.","authors":"Takaoki Saneyasu,&nbsp;Miku Ueda,&nbsp;Kanami Nagata,&nbsp;Jiawei Chai,&nbsp;Kazuhisa Honda,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kamisoyama","doi":"10.2141/jpsa.0220040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0220040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies in mammalian obesity models have suggested that central transforming growth factor-<i>β</i> (TGF-<i>β</i>) controls the gene expression of appetite-regulating neuropeptides and peripheral energy metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the possible involvement of central TGF-<i>β</i>/Smad signaling in feeding regulation in chickens. Central administration of TGF-<i>β</i>1 resulted in phosphorylation of Smad2 in the hypothalamus of chicks and suppressed feed intake without changing the gene expression of hypothalamic appetite-regulating neuropeptides (neuropeptide Y, agouti-related protein, proopiomelanocortin, and corticotropin-releasing factor). However, neither fasting nor refeeding induced the phosphorylation of hypothalamic Smad2. These findings suggest that the activation of hypothalamic TGF-<i>β</i>/Smad signaling suppresses feed intake in chicks but it might not occur in response to feeding status.</p>","PeriodicalId":16883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"59 4","pages":"357-363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/55/27/59_357.PMC9596288.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40469044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Growth-Related Genes on Body Measurement Traits in Wenshang Barred Chickens.","authors":"Cheng Yang,&nbsp;Jun Teng,&nbsp;Chao Ning,&nbsp;Wenwen Wang,&nbsp;Shuai Liu,&nbsp;Qin Zhang,&nbsp;Dan Wang,&nbsp;Hui Tang","doi":"10.2141/jpsa.0210138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0210138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Body measurement traits (BMTs), which are classical quantitative traits of vital responses to body growth, have been studied in pigs, cattle, and sheep for several decades. In chickens, BMTs mainly cover body slope length, keel length, chest width, chest depth, tibia length, and tibia diameter; however, their genetic markers are yet to be considered. In this study, the Wenshang Barred chicken, a meat-egg-type native breed in China, was used to investigate the association between BMTs and the expression of growth-related genes, including <i>GH, IGF1, IGF2, GHRL, IGF1R, IGFBP2, GHF-1</i>, and <i>TSHB</i>. The results revealed that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3138025 in <i>GH</i> was significantly associated with keel length (<i>P</i>=0.0455 <0.05), rs313810945 in <i>IGF2</i> was significantly correlated with chest width (<i>P</i>=0.0454 <0.05) and chest depth (<i>P</i>=0.0259 <0.05), and rs317298536 in <i>TSHB</i> significantly affected chest depth (<i>P</i>=0.0399 <0.05). The SNPs were associated with traits reflecting body size and were potentially involved in bone growth, which was consistent with studies in humans, rodents, and other vertebrate species. In addition, a borderline significant association was found between rs317298536 and body weight (<i>P</i>=0.0604). These polymorphic sites may be treated as candidate genetic markers in breeding programs involving Wenshang Barred chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":16883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"59 4","pages":"323-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0d/62/59_323.PMC9596297.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40469048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>-Fermented Products Ameliorate the Growth Performance, Alleviate Intestinal Inflammatory Gene Expression, and Modulate Cecal Microbiota Community in Broilers during the Starter Phase under Dextran Sulfate Sodium Challenge.","authors":"Jiun-Yu Chen,&nbsp;Yu-Hsiang Yu","doi":"10.2141/jpsa.0210139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0210139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of <i>B. subtilis</i>-fermented products (BSFP) on growth performance, intestinal inflammatory gene expression, and cecal microbiota community in broilers challenged with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in a 14-day experiment. A total of 32, 1-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308), were randomly divided into four groups of eight birds per group and reared individually (<i>n</i>=8). The treatments consisted of a control diet without supplementation and DSS challenge, control diet plus 1.5% DSS, control diet plus 1 g/kg BSFP in combination with 1.5% DSS, and control diet plus 3 g/kg of BSFP in combination with 1.5% DSS. The results showed that BSFP supplementation (1 and 3 g/kg) partially improved body weight and average daily gain in broilers under DSS challenge. Relative to DSS treatment alone, BSFP supplementation dose-dependently increased the body weight of broilers at 7 days of age, with the average daily gain being at 1 to 7 days of age. BSFP supplementation (1 and 3 g/kg) alleviated intestinal inflammatory gene expression in broilers under DSS challenge. The richness and evenness of bacterial species in cecal digesta increased in a dose-dependent manner in the groups treated with BSFP (1 and 3 g/kg) in combination with DSS challenge, compared with the control group. Unweighted principal coordinate analysis indicated distinct clusters separating the group treated with 3 g/kg of BSFP in combination with DSS challenge from the other three groups. The abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria (genus <i>Ruminococcaceae_unclassified</i>) increased and that of mucindegrading bacteria (genus <i>Ruminococcus torques group</i>) decreased in the cecal digesta of broilers fed 3 g/kg of BSFP, compared with the control group. In conclusion, BSFP supplementation dose-dependently improved growth performance, reduced gut inflammation, and regulated the cecal microbiota of broilers exposed to DSS challenge during the starter phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":16883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"59 3","pages":"260-271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9a/a3/jpsa-59-260.PMC9346603.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40413596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty Acid Taste Receptor GPR120 Activation by Arachidonic Acid, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, and Docosahexaenoic Acid in Chickens.","authors":"Fuminori Kawabata,&nbsp;Yuta Yoshida,&nbsp;Seiga Kuba,&nbsp;Yuko Kawabata,&nbsp;Shotaro Nishimura,&nbsp;Shoji Tabata","doi":"10.2141/jpsa.0210099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0210099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been reported that the supplementation of chicken diet with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) affects the qualities of eggs and meat. Previous studies have shown that a functional fatty acid taste receptor, G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), is broadly expressed in chicken oral and gastrointestinal tissues, and chickens have a gustatory perception of oleic acid, which is a chicken GPR120 agonist. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of chicken GPR120 in response to PUFAs in chicken diets. Ca²⁺ imaging analyses revealed that chicken GPR120 was activated by AA, EPA, and DHA in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that chickens can detect PUFAs <i>via</i> GPR120 in the oral and gastrointestinal tissues, implying that chickens have a gustatory perception of PUFAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"59 3","pages":"282-285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/db/fd/jpsa-59-282.PMC9346598.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40619189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementation of Selenium Nanoparticles-Loaded Chitosan Improves Production Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Gut Microflora in Broiler Chickens.","authors":"Imad Khan,&nbsp;Hafsa Zaneb,&nbsp;Saima Masood,&nbsp;Saima Ashraf,&nbsp;Hafiz F Rehman,&nbsp;Sajid K Tahir,&nbsp;Habib U Rehman,&nbsp;Adnan Khan,&nbsp;Raheela Taj,&nbsp;Sadeeq U Rahman,&nbsp;Muqader Shah","doi":"10.2141/jpsa.0210026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0210026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), combined or loaded with chitosan (COS), in broiler chickens reared under standard management protocols. The parameters under investigation were production performance, organ development, components of the intestinal barrier, and ileal microbial count. Two hundred and forty day-old chicks were raised in five groups, with each group containing eight replicates (<i>n</i>=6/replicate). The control group received a basal diet whereas the other four groups received basal diets supplemented with SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg), COS (200 mg/kg), SeNPs+COS (0.5 mg/kg SeNPs + 200 mg/kg COS), and SeNPs-loaded COS (SeNPs-L-COS) (200 mg/kg) respectively. On day 35, two birds/replicate were sampled to collect the viscera under investigation. The results revealed that dietary inclusion of SeNPs-L-COS increased (<i>p</i><0.05) the body weight gain and improved (<i>p</i><0.05) feed conversion ratio. Similarly, SeNPs-L-COS supplementation increased (<i>p</i><0.05) the small intestinal villus surface area as well as the count of acidic goblet cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes when compared with the control group. Whereas the total goblet cell count was higher (<i>p</i><0.05) in the small intestines of both the SeNPs+COS and SeNPs-L-COS groups. Microbial analysis of ileal contents also revealed an increase (<i>p</i><0.05) in <i>Lactobacilli</i> species count with a concurrent decrease (<i>p</i><0.05) in <i>Escherichia coli</i> count in the SeNPs-L-COS group when compared with the COS and control groups. Based on the results of the current trial, we can conclude that supplementation with SeNPs-L-COS is a superior combination for promoting the gut health and performance of broilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":16883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"59 3","pages":"272-281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/88/75/jpsa-59-272.PMC9346596.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40413590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application of Copper Waterline on Laying Performance and Gut Health of Aged Laying Hens.","authors":"Ning Ma,&nbsp;Min Liu,&nbsp;Mengze Song,&nbsp;Sheng Li,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Lin,&nbsp;Hongchao Jiao,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Wang,&nbsp;Jingpeng Zhao,&nbsp;Shuhong Sun,&nbsp;Hai Lin","doi":"10.2141/jpsa.0210124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0210124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of the application of copper waterline on the performance and gut health of aged laying hens was evaluated in this study. Forty-eight 70-week-old laying hens were divided into two groups (three replicates of eight hens each): control and copper (Cu) groups provided with normal polyvinyl chloride (PVC) waterline or Cu waterline. The laying performance was measured during the four-week period of the experiment. The intestinal antioxidant status and the microbiota diversity of the cecal content were determined. Moreover, a bacteriostasis test on <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella enteritidis</i> was conducted after inoculation in waterline and hens, respectively. The water Cu²⁺ content was increased by Cu waterline compared to the control (<i>P</i><0.05). Cu waterline had no detectable effect on most production performances, however, it increased the egg weight (<i>P</i><0.05). Cu waterline increased the Cu level in the eggshell. Cu level in excreta increased with time, especially in the final two weeks, however, there was no significant change in fecal Cu excretion. The lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde content in ileum decreased (<i>P</i><0.01), while the activities of CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) of ileum and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity of jejunum and ileum increased after Cu treatment. The relative abundance and richness of cecal microbiota increased after Cu treatment (<i>P</i><0.05). Cu waterline changed the microbial composition, including the increased proportion of <i>Methanocorpusculum, Paludibacter</i>, and decreased proportion of <i>Fucobacterium, Anaerobiospirillum, and Campylobacter</i>. The colonization of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. enteritidis</i> in Cu waterline was suppressed by Cu treatment, indicating that Cu waterline had potential antibacterial properties. The result suggests that Cu waterline could inhibit the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms such as <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> and facilitate the enrichment of cecal microbiota diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"59 3","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7c/0a/jpsa-59-223.PMC9346600.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40413591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Soy Saponin Improves Antioxidant and Immune Function of Layer Hens.","authors":"Peng Li,&nbsp;Yongfa Liu,&nbsp;Mingkun Gao,&nbsp;Jiahuan Fu,&nbsp;Yuming Guo","doi":"10.2141/jpsa.0210073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0210073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary soy saponin (SS) on the antioxidant and immune functions of laying hens. Two hundred seventy 22-week-old Hy-line gray layers were randomly allocated into three treatment groups: a control group (Control) fed a basal diet with low soybean meal and groups supplemented with 50 and 500 mg/kg SS (50 SS and 500 SS). After ten weeks, eight chickens from each treatment group were anesthetized and sacrificed to collect tissue samples. In the 50 and 500 SS groups, results showed that the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum and spleen were elevated, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum decreased. The mRNA levels of genes such as NF-E2-related factor 2 (<i>Nrf-2</i>) in the ileum and <i>Nrf-2</i> and <i>SOD</i> in the spleen were also upregulated. In addition, the skin irritation index of phytohemagglutinin (PHA), the number of serum white blood cells, and lymphocytes were elevated in the two groups. At the same time, the number of monocytes in the blood increased in the 50 SS group, and it was significantly higher in the 500 SS group. In addition, the mRNA levels of lysozyme (<i>LYZ</i>) and <i>IFN-γ</i> in the spleen were upregulated, similar to the mRNA levels of zinc finger protein A20 (<i>A20</i>) in the ileum. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of <i>NF-κB</i> and <i>IL-6</i> in the ileum were downregulated. In conclusion, with supplementation of 50 and 500 mg/kg SS in low soybean meal diets, the antioxidant, and immune functions of laying hens were improved. More importantly, the target for SS to exert biological effects on laying hens may be in the intestine and spleen tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":16883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"59 3","pages":"197-205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/26/50/jpsa-59-197.PMC9346601.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40413594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}