Journal of Plant Research最新文献

{"title":"Overexpression of the tomato SlLEA_2-26 gene enhances the tolerance to drought and salt stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana.","authors":"Zhehua Yan, Yu Lei, Xuan Zou, Sijie Wang, Yanxin Yang, Dongjing Yang, Lingzhi Li, Wenbin Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10265-026-01731-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10265-026-01731-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are pivotal in conferring cellular tolerance to abiotic stresses and sustaining plant growth and development. However, systematic functional characterization of the tomato SlLEA_2 gene family remains limited. To elucidate the role of tomato SlLEA_2-26 in abiotic stress responses, this study cloned its full-length cDNA. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that SlLEA_2-26 exhibits predominant expression in flowers and fruits, and is strongly induced by drought, salt, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺ stresses. Three homozygous Arabidopsis thaliana T₃ SlLEA_2-26-overexpression lines were generated and confirmed via genomic PCR. Under drought and salt stress, T₃ A. thaliana lines overexpressing SlLEA_2-26 exhibited significantly enhanced seed germination rates, root elongation, and fresh weights compared to wild type (WT) plants, indicating improved stress tolerance during early seedling development. Furthermore, transgenic plants accumulated higher levels of soluble sugar and proline, and displayed elevated antioxidant enzyme activity compared to the WT, whereas contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were markedly reduced relative to WT. qRT-PCR analysis confirmed the significant upregulation of SlLEA_2-26 in transgenic lines under drought and salt stress conditions, accompanied by elevated expression of AtP5CS1, AtCSD1, AtRD29A, AtRD26, and AtNCED3. Collectively, these results demonstrate that SlLEA_2-26 overexpression enhances drought and salt stress tolerance in A. thaliana by promoting the accumulation of osmoregulatory substances, augmenting antioxidant defense capacity, and activating stress-responsive gene expression. This study provides a theoretical foundation and valuable genetic resources for breeding stress-tolerant tomatoes and other crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":16813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coexistence mechanisms for herbaceous plants in arid ecosystems.","authors":"Eugenio Larios, Andrés Verver, Peter Chesson","doi":"10.1007/s10265-026-01708-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-026-01708-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How do herbaceous plant species coexist in the diverse communities of the arid ecosystems of the world? We review understanding for southwestern North America where these communities are threatened by invasive species and climate change. Relative abundances of these species fluctuate from year to year due to their different regeneration niches (germination and growth requirements), which are sensitive to environmental fluctuations. Such regeneration niche differences were an early hypothesis, with much support, for how these species coexist. Seed predation provides other coexistence mechanisms supported by empirical studies. Indeed, dramatic effects of seed predators on community dynamics have been observed through the controls they impose on invasive plant species. Various studies have included measurements of frequency-dependent predation whereby seed predators shift their preferences to the most abundant species as densities change, and predator partitioning, where the different prey species have different patterns of susceptibility to the various predator species. Due to insufficient studies of predator partitioning, we conducted proof-of-concept experiments on seed predation by ants in an herbaceous plant community in the Sonoran Desert. We show that various ant species discriminate differently between the various plant species, meaning that the plant species have different seed-predation niches, potentially contributing to their coexistence. More extensive studies are needed to assess the roles of seed predators in maintaining the diversity of these plant communities. Deficient also, are studies of density feedback that measure how much a specific mechanism promotes recovery of a species from low density, and allows that species to coexist with other members of the plant community. Failure to assess such density feedback empirically in coexistence studies is pervasive and weakens empirical claims for most mechanisms of species coexistence. Key advances can be made by developing and implementing methods to link density feedback to proposed mechanisms in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":16813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148055165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nectar robbing as a mechanism of biotic resistance against an invasive plant in the Galápagos Islands.","authors":"Luis Navarro, José María Gómez","doi":"10.1007/s10265-026-01722-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-026-01722-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological invasions are strongly shaped by biotic interactions in recipient communities, which can either facilitate or constrain the establishment and spread of alien species. Among these interactions, antagonistic relationships with native consumers may act as mechanisms of biotic resistance, yet their role in plant invasions remains insufficiently explored. In this study, we analyzed the effect of nectar robbing (measured both as the intensity and frequency of robbing) by native floral visitors on the fruit set of the introduced plant, Kalanchoe pinnata, in the Galápagos Islands. The results showed that two generalist native species, robbed K. pinnata nectar, and significantly decreased fruit production. In addition, nectar robbing was more frequent in flowers with longer corolla tubes and in plants with larger floral displays, suggesting that pervasive robbing may impose selective pressures opposing floral trait patterns typically associated with legitimate pollination. These findings document a previously undescribed antagonistic interaction between native animals and an introduced plant, highlighting nectar robbing as a mechanism of biotic resistance that can constrain the sexual component of reproduction and potentially influence the evolutionary trajectory of invasive plants on oceanic islands.</p>","PeriodicalId":16813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147930604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzymatic and quantitative properties of Rubisco in C₃ herbaceous plants with early-spring persistent leaves and some alpine plants.","authors":"Sakiko Sugawara, Kana Ito, Shin-Ichi Miyazawa, Amane Makino, Yuji Suzuki","doi":"10.1007/s10265-026-01701-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10265-026-01701-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants adapted to cool habitats have been suggested to possess Rubisco with a high carboxylation capacity and low CO2 affinity, thereby facilitating efficient photosynthesis at low temperatures. Rubisco with a low CO2 affinity is believed to be less abundant owing to its concomitant high carboxylation capacity. This study aimed to provide information on these subjects by examining plants with early-spring persistent leaves and alpine plants. In these plants, the turnover rates of Rubisco carboxylation under CO2-saturated conditions (kcatc) were low to moderate, similar to those of the control C3 crops. The predicted Rubisco CO2 affinity, that is, the ratio of Rubisco carboxylase activity under CO2-unsaturated conditions (vcu), measured using reaction mixtures saturated with N2 gas containing CO2 and O2 at present atmospheric levels to kcatc, tended to be moderate, as observed in the control C3 crops. Some of these plants contained Rubisco with a low kcatc and moderate CO2 affinity, although Rubisco with a low kcatc was reported to exhibit a high CO2 affinity. N allocation to Rubisco in these plants was comparable to or slightly lower than that in control C3 crops. No significant correlations were observed between N allocation to Rubisco and kcatc or predicted Rubisco CO2 affinity. These results suggest that, for plants with early-spring persistent leaves and alpine plants, Rubisco kinetics is not necessarily advantageous for photosynthesis at low temperatures, and that Rubisco abundance is not necessarily dependent on Rubisco kinetics. The physiological implications of these phenomena are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Research","volume":" ","pages":"511-518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of electrome parameters of wheat seedlings in laboratory and natural conditions under the action of an osmotic stressor.","authors":"Elizaveta Andreevna Kozlova, Leonid Andryushaev, Karina Abasheva, Lyubov Yudina, Ekaterina Sukhova, Vladimir Sukhov","doi":"10.1007/s10265-026-01706-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10265-026-01706-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies show low-amplitude and complex-shaped electrical signals in plants. These signals are important for plant life as they are induced by weak, natural stimuli and can trigger substantial physiological responses, but their manual analysis via traditional metrics is challenging. A novel integrated approach, electrome analysis, offers an alternative solution; however, its efficiency under varying conditions requires further investigations. This study aimed to compare the plant electrome parameters under osmotic stress (mannitol) in both natural and laboratory conditions. Using macroelectrodes, we measured the electrical activity of wheat plants and analyzed standard deviation, approximate entropy, and exponent β of power spectral density of surface potential. It was shown that plants in natural conditions had lower initial synchronization in the electrical activity and lower electrical responses than ones in laboratory-grown plants. The desynchronization is likely due to the low sensitivity to osmotic stressor of plants under environmental conditions. It shows that laboratory models may not fully represent the complex electrical signaling occurring in nature.</p>","PeriodicalId":16813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Research","volume":" ","pages":"531-543"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OsABCB4 disruption impairs auxin homeostasis, delaying heading and compromising agronomic traits in rice.","authors":"Zongyue Jiang, Jiayu Li, Jingxin Wei, Lei Huang, Yujia Li, Mengfan Liu, Zihan Zhao, Fangchi Wei, Jiaxuan Guan, Jinxing Jiang, Ling Zhou, Kangshun Huang, Fugang Huang, Meng Yang","doi":"10.1007/s10265-026-01702-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10265-026-01702-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Members of the ABCB transporter subfamily are essential for various aspects of plant growth and development; however, a large number of ABCB proteins are functionally uncharacterized. Here, we report the functional characterization of a rice ABCB member, OsABCB4. Tissue-specific expression analysis of 27 ABCB genes in rice identified a cluster with seed-specific expression, among which OsABCB4 was most highly expressed in developing panicles and seeds. CRISPR/Cas9-generated osabcb4 mutants exhibited a significant delay in heading date. Furthermore, the mutants displayed severe yield-related defects, including dwarfism, reduced panicle length, and a sharp decrease in seed-setting rate, primarily attributable to significantly impaired pollen fertility. Hormone quantification indicated a substantial reduction in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content in the panicles of mutant plants. Transcriptome analysis revealed global changes in gene expression, with differentially expressed genes significantly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction and starch/sucrose metabolism pathways. Consistent with these findings, the mutants showed abnormal accumulation of grain storage substances, characterized by significantly decreased starch content and increased protein content, consequently slowing down both seed germination and early seedling growth. Taken together, our results suggest that OsABCB4 may act as a key regulator that influences heading date, pollen fertility, and grain filling by modulating auxin homeostasis in rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Research","volume":" ","pages":"493-509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycorrhizal specialization for Tulasnellaceae fungi in Taeniophyllum marianense, a leafless epiphytic orchid native to Guam.","authors":"Michael Angelo Paragas Fernandez, Yuki Ogura-Tsujita, Mari Marutani","doi":"10.1007/s10265-026-01699-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10265-026-01699-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orchids are obligately dependent on orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) for nutrition, growth, and establishment. The degree of mycorrhizal specificity varies, from generalists associating with several fungi to specialists relying on a few species. Many leafless epiphytic orchids specifically associate with Ceratobasidiaceae fungi. However, the mycorrhizal associates and specificity of Taeniophyllum marianense, a leafless epiphytic orchid native to the remote island of Guam, remain unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated 189 seedling and mature individuals of T. marianense growing on 26 host tree species across 10 sites in Guam. OMF were identified using fungal-specific primers targeting Ceratobasidiaceae, Serendipitaceae, Tulasnellaceae, and general Basidiomycota. Sequences were grouped into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on 97% similarity. T. marianense in Guam associated with a diversity of OMF, including five Tulasnellaceae, six Ceratobasidiaceae, and four Serendipitaceae OTUs. Two Tulasnellaceae OTUs (TU1 and TU2) were the most dominant, comprising 64.6% of fungal sequences and occurring consistently across seedling and mature orchids from different host tree species and habitats, suggesting their role as primary mycorrhizal associates. In contrast, Ceratobasidiaceae and Serendipitaceae were less common and may play minor or opportunistic roles. The mycorrhizal capacity of TU1 and TU2 isolates was confirmed in vitro, where both strains significantly promoted seed germination and protocorm development. While other leafless epiphytic orchids typically associate with Ceratobasidiaceae, T. marianense in Guam specifically associates with Tulasnellaceae fungi closely related to globally distributed species. These findings suggest that mycorrhizal specialization may persist in island ecosystems through flexible associations with widespread, locally available fungal associates.</p>","PeriodicalId":16813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Research","volume":" ","pages":"409-424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147377781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic study of aquatic adventitious roots enhancing growth and physiological traits of Salix viminalis under waterlogging stress.","authors":"Menglong Yin, Haidong Li, Jing Li, Shaowei Zhang, Shanjun Yi, Zhi Zuo, Feifei Zhai, Yunxing Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10265-026-01704-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10265-026-01704-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Waterlogging is a major abiotic stress faced by riparian plants, posing severe threats to plant physiological metabolism and survival. Salix viminalis L., an important riparian species, exhibits strong tolerance to waterlogging. The formation of aquatic adventitious roots (AARs) is a key morphological response of S. viminalis under waterlogging conditions. However, the specific role of AARs in waterlogging tolerance in S. viminalis remains unclear. In this study, simulated waterlogging induced the formation of AARs, and AAR-removal treatments were used to systematically assess their effects on plant growth, photosynthesis, and physiological traits. The results revealed that AARs significantly increased plant height, aboveground biomass, and the root-to-shoot ratio. AARs also helped maintain stomatal opening, resulting in a higher net photosynthetic rate (Pn). In addition, AARs significantly enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), while significantly reducing the contents of superoxide anion radicals (O2.−) and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, thus effectively alleviating oxidative damage. Moreover, AARs significantly promoted the accumulation of osmotic regulatory substances, including proline (Pro), soluble sugars (SS), reducing sugars (RS), and soluble proteins (SP), thus enhancing the plant’s osmotic adjustment capacity. Furthermore, AARs played a critical role in maintaining the vitality of the primary root system. In summary, AARs enhance the waterlogging tolerance of S. viminalis by modulating both morphological and physiological traits. This study could provide a reference for the application of S. viminalis in riparian and wetland ecosystems, and offer theoretical guidance for the selection and breeding of waterlogging-tolerant woody plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":16813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Research","volume":" ","pages":"425-441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of developmental transitions in plants: the role of VIVAPAROUS ABI3-LIKE (VAL) repressors.","authors":"Katarzyna Nowak","doi":"10.1007/s10265-026-01717-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10265-026-01717-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During its lifetime, the plant undergoes transitions between critical developmental stages, such as seed-to-seedling and adult-to-flowering stages. The changes between stages are strictly controlled by genetic and epigenetic factors that act together during the transition. The developmental transition involves repressing active genes in the first stage and activating genes in the next stage. Thus, repression appears to be essential for terminating the previous developmental program, and among the repressors, the VAL genes play a central role. The VALs are B3-domain DNA-binding proteins that regulate LAFL genes during the seed-to-seedling transition, during which VALs downregulate LAFL expression, thereby terminating the embryogenic program in seedlings. Moreover, the VAL also affects the expression of MIR156C, FLC, or FT in the regulation of flowering. These proteins interact with numerous chromatin remodeling factors, such as PRC1, PRC2, and HDAC, which perform distinct histone modifications, ubiquitination, methylation, or deacetylation to negatively regulate the expression of target genes. This review examines the recent advances in studies on the VALs genetic network, which is involved in the developmental transition via diverse epigenetic mechanisms. Moreover, a future perspective on studies of these essential regulators was discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Research","volume":" ","pages":"331-347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryptocaulaceae: a new and deeply diverged branch within the fern tree of life.","authors":"Tao Fujiwara, Ponpipat Limpanasittichai, Katsuhiro Yoneoka, Shuichiro Tagane, Thyraphon Vongthavone, Takenori Yamamoto, Van-Son Dang, Phetlasy Souladeth, Voradol Chamchumroon, Atsushi Ebihara, Michael Sundue, Li-Yaung Kuo","doi":"10.1007/s10265-026-01698-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10265-026-01698-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in phylogenomics have greatly clarified fern evolutionary relationships, yet significant gaps remain. In this study, we performed phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses of Polypodiineae, one of the most species-rich suborders of Polypodiales, and found that Tectaria tenerifrons is a deeply diverged lineage. Our results support it as sister to Nephrolepidaceae in the plastome dataset, whereas the transcriptome dataset recovered it as sister to a clade comprising Nephrolepidaceae, Polypodiaceae, Davalliaceae, Oleandraceae, Tectariaceae s.l. No results support it as a member of the Tectariaceae, where it was previously classified. To reflect this deep divergence, we establish a new family, Cryptocaulaceae fam. nov., and a new monotypic genus, Cryptocaulon gen. nov, and propose the new combination Cryptocaulon tenerifrons comb. nov. Morphologically, Cryptocaulon can be distinguished from Tectaria by a combination of characters: long-creeping carnose rhizomes; subclathrate scales with multicellular hairs; anastomosing venation forming multiple rows of areoles without free included veinlets; basal veinlets of pinna lobes on the basiscopic side arising from the pinnule costule; cristate perispores with short, thick ridges; basic chromosome number, x = 41. We also designated a lectotype for C. tenerifrons.</p>","PeriodicalId":16813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Research","volume":" ","pages":"365-383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147717108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}