Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Factorial design optimization of a novel NBD-Cl derivatized spectrofluorimetric method for sensitive determination of vilazodone in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma","authors":"Farooq M. Almutairi ,&nbsp;Reem M. Alnemari ,&nbsp;Maram H. Abduljabbar ,&nbsp;Yusuf S. Althobaiti ,&nbsp;Rami M. Alzhrani ,&nbsp;Eid Semer Alatwi ,&nbsp;Ahmed Serag ,&nbsp;Atiah H. Almalki","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A sensitive, selective, and systematic spectrofluorimetric method has been developed and validated for the determination of the antidepressant drug vilazodone (VLZ) in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma. The method is based on the nucleophilic substitution reaction between VLZ and 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl) under optimized alkaline conditions (pH 8.8) to form a highly fluorescent derivative measured at λ_em 548 nm after excitation at λ_ex 470 nm. The reaction mechanism was confirmed through comprehensive LC-MS/MS analysis, identifying the specific site of derivatization and key fragmentation patterns. A 2^6-2 fractional factorial design was employed to systematically optimize six critical variables affecting the derivatization reaction. Statistical analysis revealed that buffer pH, NBD-Cl volume, temperature, and buffer volume significantly influenced the fluorescence response, with notable interaction effects between pH and both NBD-Cl and HCl volumes. The mathematical model demonstrated excellent fit (R² = 0.994) and predictive capability, enabling precise determination of optimal reaction conditions: buffer pH 8.8, NBD-Cl concentration 0.1 %, reaction temperature 60 °C, and reaction time 12 min. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines, demonstrating excellent linearity (10–500 ng/mL), precision (RSD &lt; 1.35 %), and accuracy (recovery 99.36–100.27 %). The limits of detection and quantification were 3.22 ng/mL and 9.75 ng/mL, respectively, with a correlation coefficient (r²) of 0.9997. Selectivity studies confirmed negligible interference from common pharmaceutical excipients, plasma components, and inorganic ions. The optimized method was successfully applied to the determination of VLZ in pharmaceutical tablets (99.45 % recovery) and spiked human plasma (98.55 % recovery) with excellent stability under various storage and handling conditions. This derivatization-based spectrofluorimetric approach overcomes the photoinduced electron-transfer quenching effect inherent to VLZ’s molecular structure and offers a simpler, more accessible alternative to chromatographic techniques for routine quality control and potential pharmacokinetic studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational synthesis of Eu3+ and Yb3+ single −doped and co-doped Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 phosphors for dynamic anti-counterfeiting and fingerprint recognition applications","authors":"Jingyi Yang ,&nbsp;Shifa Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Peilin Mo ,&nbsp;Xianlun Yu ,&nbsp;Lei Hu ,&nbsp;Huajing Gao ,&nbsp;Chaoli Chen ,&nbsp;Leiming Fang ,&nbsp;V. Jagadeesha Angadi ,&nbsp;M. Atif ,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Eu³⁺ and Yb³⁺ ions single −doped and co-doped Ba_0.5Sr_0.5TiO₃ (BST5) phosphors were prepared by a polyacrylamide gel method. The effects of rare earth ion concentration and ion type on the phase structure, microstructure, optical, color properties and photoluminescence properties of the BST5 phosphor were investigated by various characterization methods. Since the concentration of doped ions is less than 1 %, and Eu³⁺ and Yb³⁺ ions occupy the Ba/Sr site of the BST5 phosphor, the phase structure of the BST5 phosphor is not changed. Microstructure characterization confirmed that the co-doping of Eu³⁺ and Yb³⁺ with BST5 phosphor made the rhomboid particles more uniform in size. In addition to the band absorption of the BST5 phosphor, all phosphors also have two absorption peaks at 371 and 445 nm caused by Eu³⁺ ion ground state ⁷F₀ to excited states ⁵L₆ and ⁵D₂, respectively. Simultaneously, the co-doping changes the lattice constant and crystal structure stability of BST5, resulting in a slight shift in the absorption peak. When the excitation wavelength is 395 nm, BST5:Eu and BST5: 0.25 %Eu:Yb phosphor have the strongest emission peaks at 595 and 598 nm, respectively. The photoluminescence mechanism confirmed that the existence of superexchange between Eu³⁺-O-Ti⁴⁺ and energy transfer between Eu³⁺ and Yb³⁺ enhanced the photoluminescence performance of the BST5:0.25 % Eu:Yb phosphor. The practical application shows that the BST5: Eu/Yb phosphor has a potential application prospect in the field of photoluminescence, dynamic anti-counterfeiting and fingerprint recognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116519"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First fluorometric sensor for dronedarone detection based on aggregation-induced quenching of red-emissive carbon dots: Application to pharmacokinetics","authors":"Mohamed N. Goda ,&nbsp;Laila S. Alqarni ,&nbsp;Hossieny Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Mohamed M. El-Wekil ,&nbsp;Al-Montaser Bellah H. Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dronedarone (DND) is a widely used antiarrhythmic drug, and accurate determination of its concentration is crucial for therapeutic monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies. In this work, we report the first fluorometric method for the detection of dronedarone, based on the quenching effect of DND on the red emission of carbon dots (RCDs). The detection mechanism relies on electrostatic interactions between the positively charged DND molecules and negatively charged RCDs in an acidic medium, which induces aggregation of the RCDs and results in significant fluorescence quenching. This quenching enables highly sensitive quantification of DND, achieving a detection limit of 2.31  ng/mL and a wide linear range of 5–200  ng/mL with excellent linearity (R² = 0.9985). The mechanism of detection and thorough characterization of the RCDs were comprehensively investigated. The proposed method also demonstrated outstanding selectivity when applied to both spiked and real rat plasma samples, supporting its potential use in pharmacokinetic evaluations of dronedarone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 116535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-stimuli-responsive luminescence in a pyrimidine-functionalized tetraphenylethylene derivative: AIE, trivalent ions (Cr3+/Al3+/Fe3+) sensing, and applications","authors":"Yongcheng Wang ,&nbsp;Zengjihong Zhao ,&nbsp;Yanqun Mu ,&nbsp;Lili Chen ,&nbsp;Yuan Ji ,&nbsp;Renjie Wang ,&nbsp;Shouzhi Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a multi-stimulus responsive AIE fluorophore, <strong>BTPE-PA</strong>, incorporating dual tetraphenylethylene units. This probe demonstrates distinct optical responses to acidic environments and trivalent metal ions (Cr³⁺, Al³⁺, and Fe³⁺), which are characterized by instantaneous chromogenic and fluorogenic switching. Acidic stimulation induces a rapid color transition from blue to yellow, accompanied by fluorescence activation and an exceptionally large Stokes shift of 245 nm.<!--> <!-->The high-contrast color and emission changes, combined with operational simplicity, render <strong>BTPE-PA</strong> highly effective for anti-counterfeiting applications through acidity modulation. Concomitantly, <strong>BTPE-PA</strong> exhibits selective recognition of Cr³⁺, Al³⁺, and Fe³⁺ via dual-modal signaling: a bathochromic absorption shift (colorless → yellow) and fluorescence transition from blue to orange. The 1:1 binding stoichiometry with these trivalent ions, confirmed by Job’s plot analysis, enables sensitive detection with a limit approximately 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹ order. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrated <strong>BTPE-PA</strong>’s utility in test paper strips for rapid naked-eye detection of acid and Cr³⁺/Al³⁺/Fe³⁺. Therefore, the exceptional multi-stimulus responsive performance of <strong>BTPE-PA</strong> holds significant potential for developing multi-signal fluorescence probes targeting acid and trivalent metal ions detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116538"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen-bonding locked phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole-anthracene emitter enables high-luminance blue OLEDs with low efficiency roll-off","authors":"Ying Ji ,&nbsp;Kaijun Xu ,&nbsp;Jingru Zhou ,&nbsp;Bingyue Wang ,&nbsp;Chenglin Ma ,&nbsp;Jiadong Zhou ,&nbsp;Shanfeng Xue ,&nbsp;Xu Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we report the rational design and synthesis of a novel deep-blue emitter, 2-(6-(10-(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracen-9-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-1-phenyl-1<em>H</em>-phenanthro[9,10-<em>d</em>]imidazole (mPANNA), leveraging the synergistic integration of phenanthro[9,10-<em>d</em>]imidazole and anthracene as luminescent units, pyridine as a π-bridge, and naphthalene as a peripheral group. Theoretical calculations revealed that mPANNA exhibits a locally excited-dominated character in its frontier molecular orbitals, which is crucial for achieving high radiative transition efficiency. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated a non-planar molecular configuration, where intramolecular hydrogen bonds effectively restrict molecular rotation, enhancing structural rigidity despite the increased distortion from the naphthalene group. Photophysical characterization showed high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of 73 % in tetrahydrofuran and 50 % in pure film, highlighting its potential for efficient emission. Electroluminescence performance studies revealed that non-doped device based on mPANNA achieved a remarkable luminance of 41,300 cd m⁻², while doped device exhibited a maximum external quantum efficiency of 4.70 % with low efficiency roll-off. Notably, the doped device displayed pure blue emission with an electroluminescence peak at 455 nm and CIE coordinates of (0.172, 0.183), strictly meeting the requirements for high-performance blue OLEDs. This work demonstrates a promising strategy for designing efficient pure blue emitters through molecular engineering and hydrogen-bonding stabilization, paving the way for advanced OLEDs applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 116539"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetric anthracene derivatives as electron transport materials for high performance OLEDs","authors":"Mustafa Kurban ,&nbsp;Zahra Shariatinia","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An asymmetric anthracene material, 2-phenyl-1-(4-(10-(6-phenylpyridin-3-yl) anthracen-9-yl)phenyl)-1H-benzo[d] imidazole (BPA), was functionalized by naturally occurring xanthine derivatives as benign biomaterials for application as exceptional electron transport layers (ETLs) in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). In these structures, five xanthine derivatives were attached onto the phenyl rings existing on the right and left sides of the BPA core so that ten functionalized compounds were obtained and their structural, physico-chemical, optoelectronic, and electron mobility characteristics were examined through density functional theory (DFT) studies. For all ETLs, the LUMO energies were higher compared to the conduction band of PhtBuPAD used as conventional fluorescent dopant in the emitter mixture layer, leading to easy electron injection from ETLs toward the emitter layer. All functionalized BPA materials revealed high electron mobility values in the range of 0.027 to 0.411 cm²V⁻¹s⁻¹, which were bigger than that of pure BPA (0.026 cm²V⁻¹s⁻¹). These results confirmed that the functionalized BPA samples could be suitable ETL materials for efficient OLEDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 116533"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of bis-organosilane as fluorogenic “turn off” and chromogenic naked eye sensor for Ni(II) and as a potent antioxidant","authors":"Gurjaspreet Singh,&nbsp;Anu Radha,&nbsp;Komal,&nbsp;Pallavi Markan,&nbsp;Vinit Yadav,&nbsp;Jyoti,&nbsp;Parul,&nbsp;K.N. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This manuscript illustrates the synthesis of bis-organosilane triazole (4) using click chemistry. The newly synthesized compound was characterized by mass spectrometry and NMR (1H, 13C) spectroscopy. The effectiveness and precision of 4 were verified using UV–visible and fluorescence tests, showing it works very well with Ni(II) without being affected by other metal ions. Both spectroscopic studies show the limit of detection (LOD) values of 268 nM and 41.41 μM, respectively. 4 shows naked-eye sensing, reversibility, and contestability for Ni (II) and effectively imitates the INHIBIT molecular logic gate. Additionally, 4′s catalytic and antioxidant qualities were assessed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116540"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illuminating RPMI-1640: Fluorescence dynamics and optical insights for biological applications","authors":"Ali Rahmatpanahi ,&nbsp;Ali Bavali ,&nbsp;Mona Farhadi ,&nbsp;Shadab Bagheri-Khoulenjani ,&nbsp;Shaghayegh Kaviani-Samani","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>RPMI-1640 is a commonly utilized cell culture medium that serves a variety of purposes in both biological research and clinical investigations. Given that Phenol Red constitutes a significant part of RPMI-1640, it is crucial to evaluate the medium’s optical characteristics in fluorescence-based assays to facilitate precise data interpretation in biological studies. This research examines the fluorescence properties of RPMI-1640 within the visible spectral range through the application of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy and differential spectral analysis (DSA). The absorption spectrum indicates a broad distribution across the visible region, which can be attributed to constituents such as Vitamin B12, Phenol Red, and Riboflavin; however, notable fluorescence emission was observed when excited by wavelengths ranging from 400 to 450 nm. The stability of fluorescence, as measured with a 405 nm laser, exhibited minimal signal degradation over a 30-minute period. Additionally, the angular-dependent fluorescence characteristics and the asymmetries observed in the difference spectra provided evidence for the spatially non-homogeneous inner filter effect (2nd-IFE), wherein the reabsorption of emitted fluorescence modifies both the intensity and spectral profile. DSA further elucidated the 2nd-IFE, identifying isosbestic-like points where fluorescence remains largely unaffected by inner filter effects, thus rendering them appropriate for optical assessments of cellular properties within the culture medium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced photoactivity performance of CeO2 and CuO modified TiO2 nanotube arrays","authors":"Daysi Elusaí Millán-Ocampo ,&nbsp;Amanda Rodríguez-Álvarez ,&nbsp;Carlos A. Pineda-Arellano ,&nbsp;Susana Silva-Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TiO₂ nanotube arrays (TiO₂-NT) were synthesized by electrochemical anodization and modified with 1, 3 and 5 mM Ce(III) or Cu(II) by chemical deposition. The catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, AFM analysis, and electrochemical techniques. The presence of Ce and Cu species was confirmed by slight shifts in the main TiO₂ diffraction peaks, suggesting the incorporation of Ce and Cu into the TiO₂ lattice, since some characteristic peaks of these oxides overlap with those of the predominant anatase phase. The catalyst samples displayed a well-defined morphology, with a nanotube length of 8.5–10.1 μm and an average NT-TiO₂ internal diameter of 54–112 nm. Higher anodic oxidation photocurrent densities were obtained compared to the unmodified TiO₂ sample, such as 340 μA/cm² for CeO₂-TiO₂-NT, 315 μA/cm² for CuO-TiO₂-NT and 60 μA/cm² for TiO₂-NT under UV at the highest metal oxide concentration. Furthermore, 5 mM-CeO₂-TiO₂-NT showed good stability during reuse, without appreciable deactivation of its photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic performance of the catalyst samples was studied by the degradation of acetaminophen (AC) at neutral pH. The degradation of AC under UV and sunlight increased with increasing metal oxide concentration in the TiO₂ nanostructure. Complete AC degradation was achieved with ≤ 50 µmol L⁻¹ AC at ≤ 75 min.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116529"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Side chain engineering for modulating hydrophilicity of benzobisthiazole-based linear conjugated polymer to improve the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution","authors":"Yongchao Hao ,&nbsp;Jun Zhao ,&nbsp;Hongfang Li ,&nbsp;Min Li ,&nbsp;Guiquan Guo ,&nbsp;Jiangyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Fengyan Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution through water splitting using conjugated polymer catalysts presents a promising prospect for sustainable energy production, however, challenges in charge carrier dynamics and interfacial reactivity limit practical implementation of conjugated polymers. This study systematically investigates the role of hydrophilic side-chain engineering in optimizing photocatalytic performance by designing structurally homologous benzobisthiazole-based linear conjugated polymers, B-PBT (butyl side chains) and O-PBT (oligoethylene glycol side chains), with matched light absorption spectra and morphologies. Structural characterization confirmed identical conjugated backbones and semi-crystalline features, while morphological analysis revealed analogous flake-like architectures for both polymers. Despite comparable light absorption ranges, O-PBT exhibited a 7-fold higher hydrogen evolution rate than B-PBT under visible light, attributed to hydrophilic modulation. Contact angle measurements (34.0° for O-PBT v.s. 59.5° for B-PBT) and photoelectrochemical analyses demonstrated enhanced interfacial water affinity, suppressed charge recombination and reduced charge-transfer resistance in O-PBT. This work decouples hydrophilicity effects from light-absorptive and morphological factors, establishing side-chain engineering as a critical strategy for optimizing interfacial reactivity and charge dynamics in organic photocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116530"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}