Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry最新文献

{"title":"UV-LED‑iron persulfate activation in a homogeneous process for treatment of polymerization mother liquid of polyvinyl chloride units","authors":"Javad Saien,&nbsp;Masoud Shiri Azar","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To undertake a better management in the treatment and reusing petrochemical/polymer wastewaters, it is essential to employ effective and environmental friendly methods. This study focuses on the performance of a homogeneous process in the treatment of polymerization mother liquid (PML) of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) units. Recalcitrant pollutants in the PML were degraded via persulfate (PS) activation in a falling film photo-reactor equipped with four arrays of six UV-LEDs (395 nm, 1 W each). Heating the media and adding ferrous sulfate give rise the COD removal. Under the established optimal conditions of pH 4.4, temperature of 50 °C, PS concentration of 1200 mg/L (6.2 mM) and ferrous sulfate concentration of 60 mg/L; 82.9 % COD removal was achieved after 80 min. Major reductions in BOD₅ and TOC were also achieved while TSS and turbidity became nil. A pseudo-first order overall mineralization rate was appropriate. Based on scavenger quenching results, it was revealed that sulfate radical anion and hydroxyl radical had 83.8 % and 16.2 % contribution in the degradation of pollutants, respectively. Evaluations also indicated electrical energy consumption of 41.9 kWh and operating cost of $5.25 per each cubic meter of the treated PML. Consistently, the profound UV-LED/PS/heat/<span><math><msup><mi>Fe</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>process exhibits desired capabilities in the scenarios of PML treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 116706"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming solar energy: dopant- driven supramolecular synthesis of high-performance hydrogels for NADH regeneration and CO2 reduction","authors":"Avantika Singh ,&nbsp;Rajesh K. Yadav ,&nbsp;Rehana Shahin ,&nbsp;Shaifali Mishra ,&nbsp;Kanchan Sharma ,&nbsp;Chandani Singh ,&nbsp;Navneet K. Gupta ,&nbsp;Jin-Ook Baeg","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A sustainable supply must meet our increasing energy demands while lowering the carbon intensity. The most interesting promise is to achieve the aim of an artificial photosynthesis system with integrated photocatalyst-biocatalyst, which produces solar fuels that have excellent selectivity via Carbon dioxide. Conductive polymer hydrogels are conceived to be the most effective choices due to their large number of active sites, efficient charge separation rate, and faster rate of charge transfer and are regarded as potential candidates for solar-energy photo-generated approach providing a suitable method to produce a series of valuable solar chemicals. Herein, a general of supramolecular self-assembly of controlled in situ synthesis of 1-D nanostructured conductive polymer hydrogel (Polypyrrole (PPy) is used as a structural framework employing a dopant Evans blue dye (EB)/tetrasodium (6E,6′E)-6,6-[(3,3′-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4′-diyl) di(1E) hydrazin-2-yl-1-ylidene] bis(4-amino-5-oxo-5,6-dihydronaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). The dopant EB molecule cross-linked with PPy chains into a 3-D network that combined to form conductive polymer hydrogel. The PPy@EB hydrogel can be produced in enormous quantities with homogenous morphology of self-assembles crosslinked nanofibers. The results not only establish a benchmark for the formation of PPy@EB hydrogel as a photocatalyst in solar-mediated photocatalytic reactions but also used it for effective conversion of 61.73% NADH regeneration and converting CO₂ into formic acid under solar energy irradiation. Furthermore, this adaptable procedure employs an affordable photocatalyst, mild reaction conditions, and high functional group resistance without using stoichiometric metallic reducing agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"472 ","pages":"Article 116708"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning fluorescence efficiency and white light emission in acridone derivatives with solvent polarity and aggregation-induced emission","authors":"Ricardo C. Pereira,&nbsp;Marta Pineiro,&nbsp;J. Sérgio Seixas de Melo","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three acridone-ethynylbenzoate derivatives with bromine (<strong>BrAcBz</strong>), diphenylamine (<strong>DPAAcBz</strong>) and indoline (<strong>IndAcBz</strong>) donor groups were synthesised, and their electronic spectral and photophysical properties were investigated in different solvents and solvent mixtures. Fluorescence emission showed a dependence on the polarity of the medium, with locally excited (LE) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) emission bands/states found to be dependent on the donor and acceptor ability. In the case of <strong>BrAcBz</strong>, the spectral and photophysical properties are attributed to a LE state, with the absence of a CT state and dominance of radiationless decay processes, as indicated by the constant fluorescence lifetime of approximately 1 ns. In contrast, <strong>DPAAcBz</strong> and <strong>IndAcBz</strong> exhibit higher fluorescence efficiencies, mirrored by their quantum yields and lifetimes – ranging from 7 to 22 ns for <strong>DPAAcBz</strong> and 9 to 15 ns for <strong>IndAcBz</strong> – where both compounds show competition between radiative and radiationless decay processes. TDDFT quantum chemical calculations indicate that donor substitution enhances HOMO delocalisation throughout the molecule, extending from the donor group to the ethynylbenzoate moiety. In <strong>BrAcBz</strong>, the emission mainly arises from a LE state, consistent with the small spatial separation between the HOMO and LUMO and the solvent-independent emission behaviour observed. In mixtures of THF:water, a classical AIE effect is observed for <strong>BrAcBz</strong> whereas for <strong>DPAAcBz</strong> and <strong>IndAcBz</strong> a non-classical effect is found with high fluorescence quantum yield values in THF and in high-water-content mixtures and low in between. Bi-exponential fluorescence decays were observed for the aggregates, whereas single-exponential decays were obtained in good solvents. The presence of aggregates was further confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Mixtures of <strong>BrAcBz</strong> and <strong>IndAcBz</strong> in varying proportions were fine-tuned to achieve pure white light emission (WLE).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"472 ","pages":"Article 116707"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ti-MOF derived three elements modularly modified TiO2 heterojunction with dual functions in photocatalytic berberine hydrochloride degradation and cyclohexane oxidation: Performance and mechanism","authors":"Guang Xu ,&nbsp;Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Yao Ning ,&nbsp;Dongxuan Guo ,&nbsp;Yunpeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Qingfang Deng ,&nbsp;Shangkun Ma ,&nbsp;Xin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In-situ constructing heterojunction catalyst with high charge migration efficiency can improve the photocatalytic performance. In this work, the three elements modularly modified TiO₂ heterojunction with porous structure was designed and prepared through solvothermal and pyrolysis methods, which showed dual functions in the environmental remediation and KA oil (cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone) production. And the photocatalyst demonstrated good cycling stability and a certain potential in treating practical pharmaceutical wastewater. This improvement in the photocatalytic performance was attributed to the successful construction of an intense combination between the nitrogen and sulfur doped P25 (N,S-P25) with MIL-125(Ti) derived carbon modified porous TiO₂ matrix (C-TiO₂), which promoted the photogenerated carriers' transfer through the anatase-rutile interface and light absorption. Through a series of studies, a possible photocatalytic mechanism based on trapping test and EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) technique was proposed. Developing novel non-metal elements modularly modified TiO₂ heterojunction presents a promising tactics for solar-driven photocatalysis in resolving environmental pollutants and producing fine chemicals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 116705"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degradation of waste leachate during photoelectrocatalytic synergistic processes: spectroscopic techniques and mechanistic analysis","authors":"Guangqin Ren ,&nbsp;Ruoyi Li ,&nbsp;Rui Li ,&nbsp;Jian Zhang ,&nbsp;Haina Bai ,&nbsp;Xinyan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a photoelectrocatalytic treatment technology based on stabilized supported photoelectrodes (NiF/FCN/BMO) constructed from <em>Z</em>-scheme Fe-g-C₃N₄/Bi₂MoO₆ (Fe₃CN/BMO-3) photocatalysts and nickel foam (NiF) is proposed for the treatment of difficult-to-degrade waste leachate. Efficient degradation of waste leachate was achieved through the synergistic action of photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. The photoelectrocatalytic process significantly promoted the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and accelerated the migration rate of photogenerated carriers in the presence of an applied electric field. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (3D EEMs) was used to analyze the changes in fluorescence intensity of the difficult-to-degrade substances during the degradation process, confirming that humic acid-like substances were effectively removed. Meanwhile, the results of UV–vis spectroscopy showed that the content of UV-absorbing groups, such as conjugated unsaturated bonds and aromatic structures, was significantly reduced in the waste leachate. Further, two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) was utilized to deeply explore the dynamic changes of substances during the degradation process. The economic performance evaluation showed that the final cost of this photoelectrocatalytic technology for the degradation of waste leachate was 0.40 USD/m³, which has significant economic benefits. This study aims to develop a biological pretreatment process that converts recalcitrant organic matter into biodegradable small molecules, providing a new approach for the graded treatment of highly stable organic wastewater</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 116691"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, photophysical characterization, and DSSC application of 3,6-carbazole-based incorporating fused dipyrrolo-phenazine substitution as novel auxiliary donors","authors":"Hiba Ali Hasan ,&nbsp;Nour Abd Alrazzak ,&nbsp;Nawar Jamal Abdulrada ,&nbsp;Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed ,&nbsp;Tahani Mashyakhi ,&nbsp;HassabAlla M.A. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;G. Abdulkareem-Alsultan ,&nbsp;Emilia Abdulmalek ,&nbsp;Maadh Fawzi Nassar","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three dyes, <strong>DPP-CAR</strong>, <strong>DPPT-CAR</strong>, and <strong>DPPF-CAR</strong> were designed and synthesized based on a 3,6-C₂V-shaped carbazole (<strong>CAR</strong>) donor system incorporating fused dipyrrolo-phenazine (DPP) units as auxiliary donors and cyano acrylic acid (CAA) as the acceptor unit. The tailoring <strong>DPP-CAR</strong> dye follows a (D)₂-D-π-A framework, whereas (D-π)₂-D-π-A was utilized for <strong>DPPT-CAR</strong> and <strong>DPPF-CAR,</strong> with thiophene and furan units as π-bridges, respectively. Through comprehensive spectroscopic studies such as ^{1H, 13C}<del>.</del>NMR, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis, the molecular structures were confirmed. The impact of <strong>DPP, DPPT,</strong> and <strong>DPPF</strong> moieties on optical properties, energy levels, and structural characteristics of the 3,6-substituted carbazole was rigorously evaluated by applying density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) methodologies. Their photophysical properties revealed a good Ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis) absorption enhancement range of 480–508 nm compared to the reference (401 nm), which can be attributed to the strong intermolecular charge transfer (ICT) between the proposed donor and acceptor. Finally, the DSSC devices were manufactured utilizing <strong>DPP-CAR</strong>, <strong>DPPT-CAR</strong>, and <strong>DPPF-CAR</strong>-based sensitizers, TiO₂-based photoanodes, and electrolyte respectively, to achieve considerable power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 5.59, 7.57, and 6.14 % respectively. Additionally, the charge regeneration and recombination resistances (<span><math><msub><mi>R</mi><mi>rec</mi></msub></math></span>) along with electron lifetime (<span><math><msub><mi>τ</mi><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>ff</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) were measured by utilizing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). As a result of the dye anti-aggregation caused by the <strong>DPPT</strong> fragment, <strong>DPPT-CAR</strong> demonstrated higher <span><math><msub><mi>τ</mi><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>ff</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> (27.74 ms) and <span><math><msub><mi>R</mi><mi>rec</mi></msub></math></span> (56.54 Ω) compared to the rest of the dyes. As such, this study establishes that the proposed 3,6-<strong>DPP, DPPT</strong>, <strong>DPPF</strong> substitutions significantly improves the performance and efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 116683"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IR radiated Upconversion in Ho & Yb doped MgO-Y2O3 for security ink application: Temperature sensing and laser-induced thermal effects","authors":"Priyanka Bishnoi ,&nbsp;Vaishali Rathi ,&nbsp;Madan M. Upadhyay ,&nbsp;Aditya Sharma ,&nbsp;Kaushal Kumar ,&nbsp;Ranjeet Brajpuriya ,&nbsp;Ankush Vij","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the novel composition of Ho (0.1–1 mol%) and Yb (0.5–20 mol%) co-doped MgO-Y₂O₃ nanocomposites for upconversion (UC) and downconversion (DC) luminescence applications. The nanocomposites were synthesized using a cost-efficient combustion method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed stable MgO and Y₂O₃ phases, with peak shifts and unit cell parameter variations correlating with increased dopant (Ho, Yb) concentrations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed particle agglomeration along with clear lattice fringes, while selected area electron diffraction (SAED) confirmed well-defined ring patterns characteristic of MgO and Y₂O₃ crystals. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy revealed strong green, red, and near-infrared (NIR) emissions under both 448 nm (downconversion; DC) and 980 nm (upconversion; DC) excitations. Power-dependent PL studies indicated three-photon absorption for green and two-photon absorption for red/NIR emissions. Notably, the intensity of the green emission saturates rapidly at 5 mol% Yb³⁺, while red emission saturation occurs at 15 mol%, indicating efficient energy transfer between Ho³⁺ and Yb³⁺ ions. Power-dependent PL studies unveiled a three-photon absorption mechanism for green emissions and two-photon absorption for red and NIR emissions. Temperature-dependent UC was examined over a range of 298 K to 683 K, demonstrating promising optical temperature sensing capabilities, with maximum sensitivity recorded at 51.3 × 10⁻⁴ K⁻¹ at 298 K. Moreover, the nanocomposites exhibited excellent stability under prolonged laser exposure, underscoring their potential for practical applications. Power-dependent tunable colorimetric parameters further highlighted their suitability for warm and cool LED technologies. Finally, the successful demonstration of these nanophosphors as security inks for anticounterfeiting applications opens new possibilities for advanced security solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 116673"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring milliseconds-to-seconds scale visible light induced dynamics in azobenzene crystals using time-resolved X-ray diffraction","authors":"Keegan McGehee ,&nbsp;Koichiro Saito ,&nbsp;Ryo Fukaya ,&nbsp;Rie Haruki ,&nbsp;Shunsuke Nozawa ,&nbsp;Minghao Gao ,&nbsp;Yuji C. Sasaki ,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Mio ,&nbsp;Yasuo Norikane","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Here, crystal polymorphs (α-phase or β-phase) of <em>trans</em> tetra-<em>ortho</em>-bromoazobenzene (4BrAzo) were investigated as a model system to explore photoinduced dynamics on the milliseconds-to-seconds timescale in halogenated azobenzene crystals. These dynamics were studied by diffracted X-ray blinking (DXB) analysis of time-resolved X-ray diffraction measurements using synchrotron radiation. Comparing DXB results across experimental conditions of direct heating and exposure to focused LED (465 nm) light gave insight on the response of each polymorph to these types of stimulation. To accompany these results, temperature-dependent single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) measurements were also performed at the lab scale, revealing the disorder found in the β-phase 4BrAzo crystals. DXB results showed that at the time scale immediately involved with photomechanical response (s) unique slow lattice dynamics can be observed for each polymorph when sampled at 50 ms intervals. The photomechanically responsive β-phase crystals showed greater shift in their DXB results from LED irradiation and direct heating than the α-phase crystals. Additionally, it was found that LED exposure promotes more edge case lattice motions compared to direct heating. This may play a key role in the light induced β → α phase transition driving the previously reported photomechanical behaviors. These insights improve understanding of complex photoresponsive crystal systems for future crystal engineering efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 116694"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and luminescence of Mn4+-doped SrLa2Ga2O7 far-red phosphor with potential for plant growth applications","authors":"Wei Zhao ,&nbsp;Qing-Li Luo ,&nbsp;Yu-Guo Yang ,&nbsp;Bing Liu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Na Shen ,&nbsp;Hua-Jian Yu ,&nbsp;Cheng-Cheng Qiu ,&nbsp;Yuan-Yuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xian-Shun Lv ,&nbsp;Xu-Ping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the successful synthesis and comprehensive characterization of a novel far-red-emitting phosphor, Mn⁴⁺-doped SrLa₂Ga₂O₇ (SLGO), via a high-temperature solid-state reaction at 1420 °C. The phosphor crystallizes in a tetragonal system with space group I4/mmm (139), featuring octahedral [GaO₆] sites that facilitate efficient Mn⁴⁺ substitution, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Under 365 nm excitation, the optimized SLGO:0.6 %Mn⁴⁺ phosphor exhibits intense far-red emission centered at 705 nm, attributed to the spin-forbidden ²E_g → ⁴A_2g transition of Mn⁴⁺ ions. Photoreceptors in plants primarily exist in two interconvertible forms: the physiologically inactive Pr and the biologically active Pfr. The Pfr phytochrome has been extensively studied for its critical regulatory functions in photomorphogenesis, particularly in mediating stem elongation and floral transition. This emission demonstrates obvious spectral overlap with the absorption band of Pfr phytochrome, crucial for plant photomorphogenesis, while showing minimal overlap with Pr phytochrome. The phosphor's luminescence properties are governed by a strong crystal field environment (Dq/B = 3.2), with concentration quenching occurring at Mn⁴⁺ levels &gt;0.6 % due to energy migration between nearest-neighbor activators. In the thermal stability test, the activation energy was 0.264 eV. Lifetime measurements indicate bi-exponential decay behavior, suggesting multiple energy transfer pathways among Mn⁴⁺ ions. These findings highlight the potential of SLGO:Mn⁴⁺ as a high-performance far-red phosphor for phosphor-converted light emitting diodes (pc-LEDs) in plant growth lighting systems, offering tunable spectral properties and robust thermal stability to meet the demands of modern agricultural applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 116693"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective H2O2 removal over tin oxide Sn3O4 induced by visible light irradiation","authors":"Toyokazu Tanabe ,&nbsp;Katsutoshi Nakamori ,&nbsp;Yasuo Matsubara ,&nbsp;Futoshi Matsumoto","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure of the skin to direct intense sunlight leads to the production of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) within human cells, posing a considerable risk to skin health by inducing oxidative stress and causing DNA damage. Developing a rapid, efficient, and cost-effective approach for H₂O₂ removal in sunscreen formulations is crucial for mitigating oxidative stress-induced skin damage resulting from prolonged exposure to intense sunlight. Photocatalytic degradation of H₂O₂ under sunlight represents a promising strategy for enhancing sunscreen formulations. However, research on the development and optimization of suitable photocatalytic materials for this application remains scarce. Herein, we demonstrate efficient photocatalytic H₂O₂ removal under visible light using a simple tin oxide, Sn₃O₄. The photocatalytic H₂O₂ decomposition activity of Sn₃O₄ significantly surpasses that of the representative photocatalyst TiO₂ and remains stable under repeated testing in artificial sweat solutions, confirming its potential for sunscreen applications. ESR measurements reveal that reductive H₂O₂ decomposition predominantly occurs via conduction band electrons in Sn₃O₄, with the side edges of the sheet-like Sn₃O₄ structure identified as active H₂O₂ decomposition sites through Pt photo-deposition experiments. The superior H₂O₂ removal performance of Sn₃O₄ can be attributed to the synergistic effect of its optimized band-edge position for visible-light-driven H₂O₂ decomposition and the unique structural properties of its sheet-like morphology. As a simple tin oxide, Sn₃O₄ presents a rare combination of visible-light absorption and high photocatalytic activity, offering new avenues for environmentally friendly material development and applications such as sunscreen formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 116677"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}