Xiao-Min Tang , Wen-Xin Chu , Qiao-Yu Chen , Bao-Li An , Ji-Ming Zhang , Xiao-Hong Wang , Jiaqiang Xu
{"title":"Synthesis of Bi2Se3 quantum dots as a highly selective luminescence probe of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene","authors":"Xiao-Min Tang , Wen-Xin Chu , Qiao-Yu Chen , Bao-Li An , Ji-Ming Zhang , Xiao-Hong Wang , Jiaqiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) is a highly allergenic compound, it is widely used for the quantitative detection of glutathione-s-transferase. This chemical in environment can cause serious effects on human health. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultra violet detector has been used to detect CNDB, and the limit of the detection (LOD) is 200 ng/ml. It is significant to find a simple and quick method to detect CDNB. It is still a challenge to detect CDNB from nitroaromatic compounds with alike structure of CDNB using luminescent probe method. In this work, yellow-green Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> quantum dots (QDs) were firstly synthesized by solvothermal method, and its absolute luminescence quantum yield reached 13.8 ± 0.2 %. Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> QDs are environmentally friendly luminescent materials. The luminescence of the Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> QDs solution was selectively quenched by CDNB molecules, CDNB could be selectively detected using Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> QDs as luminescent probe. The linear range was 0.040 ∼ 0.50 μM, and the detection limit was 0.03 μM. Some nitroaromatic compounds including 4-fluoro-1,2-dinitrobenzene (4-F-1,2-DNB), 1,3-dinitrobenzene (1,3-DNB), 2,6-dinitroaniline (2,6-DNA), p-chloronitrobenzene (p-CNB), 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene (1-M−4−NB), 1-iodo-4-nitrobenzene (1-I-4-NB) and 1-(4-nitro-phenyl)-ethanone (4-NPE) did not interfere with the detection of CDNB. The detection of CDNB was interfered slightly only by 2,4-dinitroaniline (2,4-DNA) due to inner filter effect. The reason for the highly selective detection of CDNB using Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> QDs was investigated detailed. The result provides a new sight for finding highly selective luminescent probe for organic chemicals based on the intermediate state formed between the surfaces of luminescent Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> QDs and organic molecules through the characteristic second bond. Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> QDs provide a new candidate for highly selective luminescent probe of CDNB with low limit of detection of 6.08 ng/ml.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 116518"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benabdelkrim Mohamed Hamza , Amel Gacem , Krishna Kumar Yadav , Ahmad J. Obaidullah , Rehana Shahin , Shaifali Mishra , Kanchan Sharma , Rajesh K. Yadav , Mosab Kaseem
{"title":"Design of multi-walled carbon nanotube-acid fuchsin for high-performance solar-light photocatalysis in NADH regeneration and organic transformation","authors":"Benabdelkrim Mohamed Hamza , Amel Gacem , Krishna Kumar Yadav , Ahmad J. Obaidullah , Rehana Shahin , Shaifali Mishra , Kanchan Sharma , Rajesh K. Yadav , Mosab Kaseem","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A unique strategy for creating extremely effective solar-light photocatalysts for simultaneous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) regeneration and organic conversions under sun irradiation is the fabrication of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-acid fuchsin composites. MWCNTs are carefully combined with acid fuchsin, a sensitising dye that can increase semiconductor materials’ light absorption range into the visible spectrum to improve their photocatalytic activity. The present work entails the easy synthesis of MWCNT-acid fuchsin composites and their thorough characterisation using FTIR, UV–vis spectroscopy, and EIS techniques. To clarify the composites’ potential as effective photocatalysts under solar light, a detailed investigation is conducted into their optical, and catalytic capabilities. The composites’ potential to use solar energy for NADH regeneration and several organic reactions is highlighted by photocatalytic tests, which also show how applicable they are to biocatalysis and sustainable chemistry. This study highlights how carbon nanotubes and organic dyes work together to enhance solar-driven photocatalysis for use in renewable energy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced hydrogen production by Rh-Cu supported on TiO2 by the photocatalytic process","authors":"Sonia Espinoza-Reza , Roberto Camposeco-Solis , Luz Arcelia García-Serrano , Isidro Mejía-Centeno","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen production by the photocatalytic process on three distinct photocatalysts containing Rh, Cu, and Rh-Cu supported on TiO<sub>2</sub> synthesized by the sol–gel method is reported. The addition of Rh, Cu, and Rh-Cu onto TiO<sub>2</sub> was performed by the deposition–precipitation with urea method. Methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and glycerol were used as sacrificial agents in a mixture with water. Hydrogen production over the photocatalysts pretreated under reduced and oxidized conditions was analyzed. The impact of the thermal treatment and the photocatalyst mass is also reported. Photocatalysts were characterized by S<sub>BET</sub>, UV–vis, XRD, HAADF-STEM-EDS, H<sub>2</sub>-TPR, and XPS spectroscopy.</div><div>It was found that the 1Rh-1Cu/TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalyst produced the largest amount of hydrogen (1,212 µmol/h) with respect to the 1Rh/TiO<sub>2</sub> (363 µmol/h) and 1Cu/TiO<sub>2</sub> (340 µmol/h) photocatalysts. Methanol was the best sacrificial agent for producing hydrogen, followed by ethanol, isopropanol, and glycerol. The photocatalysts pretreated under reducing conditions boosted hydrogen production in comparison with the one pretreated under oxidizing conditions. The presence of Rh<sup>0</sup> and Cu<sup>0</sup> species enhanced the hydrogen evolution with respect to the oxidized species (Rh<sup>3+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup>). The formation of reduced Ti<sup>3+</sup> species seemed to have no effect on hydrogen production under UV light irradiation. A red shift of the band gap energy was observed in the presence of reduced species. Under UV irradiation, the oxygen vacancies worked as recombination centers for the photo-induced electrons and holes, which hindered hydrogen production. By means of visible light, oxygen vacancies could act as electron donors, facilitating the charge transport and separation, which improved the catalytic activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116513"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterization of homogeneous energy transfer kinetics by time-correlated single photon counting","authors":"Yongjia Wang, Di Tian, Zece Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy transfer between identical molecules is difficult to measure since the donors and acceptors in this homogeneous energy transfer emit fluorescence with the same or similar wavelength. Herein, a time-correlated single photon counting system was developed to measure the fluorescence kinetics with a temporal resolution of sub-nanoseconds for analyzing the rate of homogeneous energy transfers. By studying the fluorescence kinetic curves of Rhodamine 6G in different solvents and films, it was found that the average energy transfer rate decreases with increasing concentration, indicating that multiple energy transfers at higher concentrations lead to an extended duration of the excited state. Compared with transient absorption spectroscopy, this method can effortlessly measure samples with a wide concentration range at a lower cost. Furthermore, it can be extended to investigate other excited-state dynamics such as intersystem crossing and triplet-state energy transfer, providing a novel analytical tool for advanced photophysical research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 116514"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bonding Ru(II)-based probe with blue-emitting carbon dots for the optical sensing of aqueous dissolved oxygen: Synthesis and performance","authors":"Shigang Li, Xiaoyun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concentration of dissolved oxygen is an important analyte in the fields of biological research and medical analysis. In this work, the blue-emitting carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized through a hydrothermal method and used as a supporting host and reference. Three Ru(II) compounds with terpyridine-derived ligands were covalently bonded with the CDs and served as the sensing probes. The resulting composite samples (Ru<sub>n</sub>@CDs, n = 1, 2, 3) were analyzed and characterized by morphological analysis, XRD, IR, and elemental analysis. The optimal sample (Ru3@CDs) showed an oxygen sensing feature, with the emission band from the Ru(II) probe efficiently quenched by dissolved oxygen and the one from the CDs insensitive to dissolved oxygen. A linear calibration curve was fitted as I<sub>0</sub>/I = 0.839 + 0.443*[O<sub>2</sub>], with an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.998, response time of 24 s, and LOD (limit of detection) of 0.34 mg/L. Ru3@CDs showed selectivity toward common interferents, except for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Its singlet oxygen generation ability was confirmed by the EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) method. The novelty of this work was the combination of the red emission from the Ru(II) probe and the blue emission from the CDs, which resulted in the emission color change from red ([O<sub>2</sub>] = 0.52 mg/L) to blue ([O<sub>2</sub>] = 40.01 mg/L).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 116505"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kimia Keshavarz , Najmeh Nowrouzi , Mohammad Reza Mohammadizadeh , Jan Janczak
{"title":"Thioethers synthesized via visible-light-mediated sulfonylation of enaminones with sulfur powder","authors":"Kimia Keshavarz , Najmeh Nowrouzi , Mohammad Reza Mohammadizadeh , Jan Janczak","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel approach for the synthesis of thioethers has been developed, utilizing elemental sulfur (S<sub>8</sub>) as the sulfur source under visible-light irradiation. The reaction proceeds efficiently under ambient conditions, with THPP/Cu<sub>2</sub>O serving as the photocatalyst and visible light as the energy source in the presence of air. This method offers an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and practical strategy, delivering the desired products in good to excellent yields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 116503"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yujie Lian , Yimin Hou , Qiujuan Ma , Guojiang Mao , Shuqi Hou , Yijie Ma , Ning Cui , Ruxue Xia
{"title":"Golgi-located near-infrared fluorescent probe for recognizing cysteine","authors":"Yujie Lian , Yimin Hou , Qiujuan Ma , Guojiang Mao , Shuqi Hou , Yijie Ma , Ning Cui , Ruxue Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Relevant studies have demonstrated that abnormal concentrations of cysteine (Cys) will directly affect normal biological processes within cells, leading to various diseases. As one of the important intracellular organelles, the Golgi apparatus (GA) serves as the primary site for protein synthesis. Cysteine is involved in protein formation and metabolism and other activities in cells, so its concentration is directly related to the proper function of the GA. Therefore, the development of a highly selective and sensitive method to detect the concentration of cysteine in the Golgi apparatus has important biomedical significance for diagnosing diseases. In this study, a naphthalimide-dicyanoisophorone conjugate was utilized as the fluorescent unit, benzenesulfonamide as the Golgi-localizing group, and acrylate as the recognition moiety to construct a Golgi-targeted near-infrared probe for Cys detection. When Cys was absent, the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect was suppressed, resulting in minimal fluorescence emission from the probe. However, upon the addition of Cys, the ICT process was restored, inducing an enhancement in the NIR fluorescence emitted by the probe. Within the level scope from 0.2 μM to 10 μM, the fluorescence intensity of the probe demonstrated a linear correlation with the level of Cys. Furthermore, the limit of detection was determined as 0.024 μM. The fluorescent probe for Cys demonstrated excellent selectivity, superior sensitivity, rapid response time, and a broad pH working scope. Besides, this probe exhibited minimal cytotoxicity and was successfully applied for the detection of Cys in the GA of live cells. Furthermore, the probe was also effective in detecting cysteine in zebrafish and mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 116512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solar/metal activation of persulfate in homogeneous processes for simultaneous degradation of antibiotic and dye pollutants","authors":"Mehrdad Moradi, Javad Saien","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotics are widely used in human, veterinary and aquaculture for disease control. Edible dyes, on the other hand, are often used in the manufacture of drugs. Both of these can pollute the environment when concentrated in water. In this study, solar-activation of persulfate (PS) in aqueous media was employed for the simultaneous degradation of penicillin-G (PG) drug and rhodamine-B (RhB) dye. Experiments were conducted in a thin-layer flow photo-reactor, irradiated with a standard solar light simulator. Under mild optimum conditions of pH 6.9, PS concentration of 225 mg/L and a reaction time of 70 min, 79.1 % and 90.1 % degradations were achieved for PG and RhB pollutants, respectively. Adding only 0.42 mg/L of <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mtext>Fe</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> and 0.47 mg/L of <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mtext>Cu</mtext></mrow><mrow><mtext>2 +</mtext><mspace></mspace></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> ions, improved degradation and COD reduction to respectively, 99.7 % and 85.6 %. Alternative relevant homogenous processes were examined and the interference of different coexisting water matrices was studied. Further, contribution of reactive oxygen species was determined and the relevant eleven intermediates were identified based on LC-MS analysis followed by evaluating the product toxicity level with the antibiogram test. This study highlights using the Solar/PS/<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mtext>Fe</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>/<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mtext>Cu</mtext></mrow><mrow><mtext>2 +</mtext><mspace></mspace></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> homogeneous process for the treatment of pharmaceutical and dye wastewaters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 116500"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shanza Mukhtiar , Sana Rauf , Mohamed M. Ibrahim , Hameed Ullah , Farooq Khurum Shehzad , Muhammad Nadeem , Hafiz Muhammad Asif , Shahid Hussain , Uzma Saleem
{"title":"Harnessing encapsulated polyoxometalate in MOFs for sonophotocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction: Unveiling the pathway to eco-friendly chromium remediation","authors":"Shanza Mukhtiar , Sana Rauf , Mohamed M. Ibrahim , Hameed Ullah , Farooq Khurum Shehzad , Muhammad Nadeem , Hafiz Muhammad Asif , Shahid Hussain , Uzma Saleem","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study aluminium-based porphyrin metal–organic framework encapsulated with Keggin polyoxometalate namely (POM @ T4CP–MOF) has been synthesized by hydrothermal process. The POM @ T4CP–MOF is thoroughly characterized to evaluate structural interaction, textural properties and morphology by fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet–visible, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron and energy dispersive spectroscopy, thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric analysis, fluorescence, X-rays photoelectron emission spectroscopy and zeta potential. The presence of porphyrin with strong coordination of Al–O units and insertion of Keggin POM in the pores of MOF allowed the POM @ T4CP–MOF to demonstrate a wide range of visible light harvesting capacity, immediate photogenerated charge response and good chemical stability. In an aqueous solution composed of Cr(VI), POM @ T4CP–MOF demonstrated unique sonophotocatalytic and photocatalytic activities. The rate of reaction in sonophotocatalysis and photocatalysis for the POM @ T4CP–MOFs is found to be 0.48 mg/L min and 0.15 mg/L min respectively, which is 3.2 times higher than photocatalysis. Sonophotocatalytic technology in conjunction with porphyrin-based MOFs could prove to be a successful tactic in enhancing MOFs-based photocatalytic systems to be utilized in the reduction process of harmful chemicals like Cr(VI).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 116506"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dominik Schimon , Sylvia Patakyová , Petr Stavárek , Petr Dzik , Tomáš Homola , František Zažímal , Petr Klusoň
{"title":"Visible-light-sensitive coatings of graphitic carbon nitride with inherent porosity induced by camphor","authors":"Dominik Schimon , Sylvia Patakyová , Petr Stavárek , Petr Dzik , Tomáš Homola , František Zažímal , Petr Klusoň","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphitic carbon nitride is referred to as a light-sensitive material with a prominent position in photocatalysis. It was shown repeatedly that the interpretation of kinetic data in the photocatalytic ox/redox reactions is not an easy task. The well-developed microporous structure, unlike that of standard heterogeneous catalysis, is not always the necessary feature. A very fine porous structure brings a significant part of the active surface. However, it is not usually available for photons. When hit the surface, they form reactive species that then diffuse deeper into the catalytic particle. However, the process becomes more driven by mass transport and the reaction rate measurement no longer takes place in the kinetic regime. This limitation can be avoided by using light-sensitive materials that offer a sufficiently developed surface, but only to the extent that it is directly accessible to the incident photons. Here, such a type of thin-film catalyst is described, and porogenic camphor is used to create a suitable surface morphology and porosity. The roles of camphor content and additional plasma treatment were experimentally verified. All coatings were described with a battery of techniques with a focus on their structural and morphological properties. The coatings were then employed in a tetracycline oxidation in a slit-type micro-photoreactor. Their performance was compared with chemically identical structures, however, obtained without the porogenic body, and/or the additional plasma treatment. The chosen transformation of tetracycline represents both a suitable model reaction and a process of general relevance in the decontamination of wastewater containing pharmaceuticals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 116507"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}