Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Water soluble 1,2,3-triazole based metal-free, zinc(II) and indium(III) phthalocyanines: Synthesis, characterization, photochemical and photophysical properties","authors":"Tayeb Ouis ,&nbsp;Khaoula Khezami ,&nbsp;Mahmut Durmuş ,&nbsp;Salima Saidi-Besbes","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of novel water-soluble metal-free, zinc(II) and indium(III) (triethylene glycol methyl ether)-1<em>H</em>-1,2,3-triazole substituted phthalocyanines (Pcs) were synthesized and characterized using a range of spectroscopic techniques. The photophysical and photochemical properties, including singlet oxygen generation and photodegradation quantum yields, were determined in order to assess the effect of the substituent and central metal ions on the spectroscopic and photophysicochemical properties of the Pcs. The production of singlet oxygen was found to be dependent on the structure of the phthalocyanine (Pc), the metal ion incorporated within the phthalocyanine cavity, and the solvent. The indium(III) phthalocyanine exhibited the highest singlet oxygen generation capability, with a singlet oxygen quantum yield (Φ_Δ) of 0.87, 0.23 and 0.74 in DMSO, water and water-Triton X-100 mixture, respectively. All the Pcs demonstrated high stability against decomposition under light irradiation, with a photodegradation quantum yield (Φ_d) in the range of 10⁻⁵. The indium(III) phthalocyanine presents a promising potential as a Type II photosensitizer candidate for photodynamic therapy in cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116575"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvent/pH-directed synthesis of Mn coordination polymers for enhanced photoelectrocatalytic water splitting","authors":"Meng-Qi Tuo,&nbsp;Jia-Xin Fan,&nbsp;De-Cong Qiao,&nbsp;Di Ma,&nbsp;Wan-Lin Zhao,&nbsp;Zi-Yue Hu,&nbsp;Bo Liu,&nbsp;Jiu-Fu Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As global energy demands escalate, hydrogen energy has emerged as a pivotal clean energy source. However, developing high-performance, low-cost catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains a critical challenge. Herein, the controlled assembly of ligand 4-CPCA with manganese chloride through pH modulation and solvent regulation yields three distinct coordination architectures: a zero-dimensional Mn(II) monomer {Mn(H₂O)₂[H(4-CPCA)]₂}·2H₂O (<strong>SNUT-18</strong>), a one-dimensional chain (1D) [Mn(H₂O)₃(4-CPCA)]ₙ (<strong>SNUT-33</strong>), and a two-dimensional bilayer (2D) [Mn(H₂O)₂(4-CPCA)·H₂O]ₙ (<strong>SNUT-34</strong>). (4-CPCA = 1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridazine-3-carboxylic acid.; DMA = dimethylacetamide). Structural characterization confirmed the crystal structure, while solid-state UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS) and Mott-Schottky (M-S) analysis identified their n-type semiconductor behavior. Electrocatalytic evaluation revealed that <strong>SNUT-18</strong>, <strong>SNUT-33</strong>, and <strong>SNUT-34</strong> exhibited significantly reduced overpotentials, lower Tafel slopes, and decreased electrochemical impedance Under simulated solar irradiation (300 W Xe lamp). This work highlights the critical role of structural dimensionality in optimizing photoelectrocatalytic OER activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116586"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of photochromic spiropyran-based coatings for smart color-tunable textiles","authors":"Shaorong Yang,&nbsp;Jiangbo Hui,&nbsp;Tong Xue,&nbsp;Chaoxia Wang,&nbsp;Yunjie Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photochromic materials have gained broad attention in a wide variety of fields due to their dynamic color transition properties. However, the high sensitivity and fast response of these materials still require further exploration. To address this challenge, a new photochromic spiropyran compound (SP-Br) was developed and successfully synthesized by incorporating a long alkyl chain into the spiropyran structure, achieving an optimal hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB). The resulting SP-Br was applied to cotton fabric substrates through a simple screen-printing process, yielding a photochromic cotton fabric (SP-CF) with a functional coating capable of reversible color transitions. It is reported that SP-Br undergoes a reversible ring-opening/ring-closing isomerization when exposed to UV radiation at 365 nm. And with the color of the SP-CF reaching its maximum intensity within 30 s of UV exposure. After 10 color transition cycles, a slight reduction in the absorbance of the photochromic coated cotton fabric was observed; while its fatigue resistance remained virtually unaffected. Moreover, the screen-printed photochromic cotton fabric fabricated through this method exhibits several notable advantages, including rapid response time, excellent reversibility, significant color-changing ability, superior tunability in coloration, and reusability. These characteristics render the material especially promising for applications in fields like anti-counterfeiting printing, UV protection, information encryption, pattern switching, and other related domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116583"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The regulation of π-linker aromaticity of thiophene derivatives on cyclization and ESPT reaction","authors":"Xinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Yingrui Yin ,&nbsp;Xiaoyang Liu ,&nbsp;Zuzhi Chen ,&nbsp;Mingli Wang ,&nbsp;Yunfan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, researchers studied how the aromaticity of π-linker affects cyclization reactions and found that varying aromaticity can regulate these reactions. Inspired by this, the different aromatic π-linker with proton donor-acceptor blocks will be investigated to explore the influence of aromaticity on cyclization and proton transfer reactions. In this work, the quantum chemical calculation combined with density functional theory (DFT) and the multi-configurational self-consistent field (MCSCF) methods are employed to unveil the photophysical and photochemical processes. The established potential energy curves (PECs) and the calculated minimum energy pathways (MEPs) indicate that the excited state proton transfer (ESPT) and photocyclization processes vary with different π-linker. The complete-active-space self-consistent-field (CASSCF) calculations reveal that a nonradiative channel will be opened via the conical intersection (CI) between the ground and the first excited states during photocyclization. The time evolved excited state nonadiabatic dynamics are simulated to demonstrate the ultrafast photocyclization reactions impede the ESPT. Finally, the aromaticity of various π-linker is evaluated using nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS) aromaticity indices. The study concludes that excited-state antiaromaticity relief facilitates the cyclization reaction and ESPT process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116584"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring photodiode characteristics of a D-π-D type organic semiconductor incorporating a fluorenyl π-bridge and triphenylamine donors","authors":"Musa Erdoğan ,&nbsp;Ali Rıza Deniz ,&nbsp;Zakir Çaldıran","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the design, synthesis, and spectroscopic characterization of a fluorene-based electron-rich D-π-D type organic semiconductor material 4,4′-((9<em>H</em>-fluoren-9-ylidene)methylene)bis(<em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-diphenylaniline), namely TPA2, were achieved by selecting triphenylamine (TPA) as the donor group. The Au/TPA2/p-Si/Al photodiode fabricated using TPA2 organic material as interface material. The electrical and optical properties of photodiode were investigated. The SEM and AFM images of the TPA2/p-Si thin film were analyzed. Also, UV–Vis absorption spectra measurement of the thin film was analyzed. The current–voltage (I-V) measurements of the diode were performed for different light intensity values. Electrical paremeters [ideality factor (n) and barrier height (Φ_b), rectification rates (RR), saturation current (I₀)] and photodiode parameters [photocurrent (I_ph), photosensitivity (S), photoresponse (R), detectivity (D*)] of the diode were calculated using the I-V measurements of the diode. With increasing light intensity between 0 mW/cm² and 100 mW/cm² light intensity, the n values varies between 1.41 and 2.14, the Φ_b values varies between 0.81 and 0.66, the R_s values varies between 171 Ω and 1487 Ω and the RR values varies between 196.2 and 42.4. The calculated fundamental electrical and photodiode parameters showed that TPA2 material improved the electrical and optical parameters. The analyzed experimental results show that the Au/TPA2/p-Si/Al diode exhibits a good photodiode behavior under various light intensities and this diode can be used in optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116532"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excitation-dependent room temperature phosphorescence carbon dots with ultralong lifetime for information encryption and delay illumination","authors":"Wenjing Chen ,&nbsp;Xi Yang ,&nbsp;Shujuan Liu ,&nbsp;Yi Zhu ,&nbsp;Haoyan Zhen ,&nbsp;Jizu Yang ,&nbsp;Shuguang Li ,&nbsp;Jianxin Xie ,&nbsp;Jing Yang ,&nbsp;Zhengjun Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long-lifetime room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) carbon dots (CDs) have received extensive attention due to their potential applications in fields such as information encryption, sensing, and biological imaging. However, the rapid synthesis of RTP carbon dots with excitation wavelength dependence remains a challenge. Herein, Zn-CDs@B₂O₃ with excitation wavelength dependence were prepared by calcining a mixture of biuret, boric acid and zinc sulfate at 250 ℃ for 30 min. CDs are embedded into the rigid matrix (B₂O₃) through covalent bonds (B-C), which suppresses the non-radiative transitions and molecular vibrations of the CDs. The incorporation of N, O, B, and Zn atoms enhances intersystem crossing (ISC) and increases the spin–orbit coupling (SOC), the phosphorescence lifetime of Zn-CDs@B₂O₃ reaches up to 1.23 s. The Zn-CDs@B₂O₃ composite is notable for its vivid blue RTP under 254 nm excitation, visible for about 13 s, and it shifts to a bright green RTP excitated at 365 nm, lasting 8 s to the naked eye. The experimental results indicate that the excitation wavelength dependence of Zn-CDs@B₂O₃ may be attributed to the presence of multiple luminescent centers. Based on the aforementioned characteristics, the Zn-CDs@B₂O₃ were successfully used in the advanced information encryption and light emitting diodes (LEDs), the Zn-CDs@B₂O₃ show considerable promise for applications in information encryption and delay illumination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116577"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamma irradiation effects on the characteristics of Sm3+ doped aluminate phosphors for dosimetry applications","authors":"Tejas ,&nbsp;R. Sharanya ,&nbsp;Kalpataru Panda ,&nbsp;Naregundi Karunakara ,&nbsp;M.I. Sayyed ,&nbsp;Aljawhara H. Almuqrin ,&nbsp;Dinesh Negi ,&nbsp;Sudha D. Kamath","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the synthesis, optical, and Thermoluminescent properties of orangish-red emitting SrAl₂O₄ phosphors doped with Sm³⁺ ions, prepared via the solid-state reaction technique. The resulting phosphors exhibit a monoclinic crystal structure, belonging to the P2/m space group, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis reveals significant surface agglomeration, while Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy validates the composition of the phosphors. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicates the presence of various functional groups in the sample. Reflectance spectra reveal a decrease in bandgap on doping. CIE coordinates further demonstrate that the phosphors are appropriate candidates for reddish light-emitting diode (LED) applications since they exhibit emission peaks at 562 nm, 599 nm, and 645 nm under UV excitation, which are associated with green and red emissions. The optimal concentration of Sm³⁺ is 0.9 mol%, beyond which the concentration quenching of luminescence takes place. The SrAl₂O₄: 0.9 mol% Sm³⁺ phosphor displays a linear response to radiation doses ranging from 5 Gy to 25 Gy, with an optimal dose of 10 Gy. The phosphor also exhibits high sensitivity, capable of detecting low doses of radiation. Thermoluminescence (TL) analysis reveals three trap centers with different energies, indicating the potential of these phosphors for use as TL dosimeters. The findings suggest that Sm³⁺-doped SrAl₂O₄ phosphors are promising for both LED and radiation dosimetry applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116578"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dft-guided investigation on the photothermal DMC synthesis mechanism from CO2 and CH3OH over tetragonal ZrO2(101) with oxygen vacancies","authors":"Xiaoyang Wang ,&nbsp;Le Liu ,&nbsp;Xiushuai Guan ,&nbsp;Xiaochao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaokun Wang ,&nbsp;Xiya Zhao ,&nbsp;Juan Jia ,&nbsp;Changming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of global carbon neutrality, “green chemistry” has spurred the conversion of CO₂ into high-value-added dimethyl carbonates (DMC). Nevertheless, the theoretical exploration for the reaction pathway on ZrO₂ catalyst surface is still in the early stages, and several fundamental mechanisms remain unclear to hinder further development of DMC reaction. This study employs theoretical calculations to scrutinize the photothermal catalytic mechanism on tetragonal ZrO₂(101) and Vo-ZrO₂(101) surfaces from the perspective of CH₃OH dissociation. Under illumination conditions, CH₃OH is oxidized via photogenerated holes on the ZrO₂ surface, generating *CH₂OH radicals. These radicals subsequently couple with *CO₂ to form the reaction intermediate *CH₃OCOO, revealing a new photothermal catalytic reaction mechanism. The oxygen vacancies reduce the bandgap of ZrO₂, enhancing its visible light responsiveness to promote CO₂ activation, and more importantly lower the energy barrier of the rate-determining step (215.5 kJ/mol vs. 188.9 kJ/mol), thereby facilitating the DMC synthesis. Furthermore, as guided by theoretical prediction, our experimental results demonstrate that ZrO₂ catalyst with abundant oxygen vacancies can achieve the higher DMC yield of 3.87 mmol·g⁻¹. Under photothermal conditions, the DMC yield can be further elevated to 4.26 mmol·g⁻¹. This work provides new theoretical insights into the DMC synthesis mechanism from CO₂ and CH₃OH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116582"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small-sized Au nanocage@Carbon quantum dots nanoprobe with high-efficiency imaging labeling and photothermal therapy","authors":"Naiqiang Yin ,&nbsp;Chundong Liu ,&nbsp;Yingying Wang ,&nbsp;Zhaolei Ba ,&nbsp;Jingwen Yang ,&nbsp;Wenjun Liu ,&nbsp;Jicui Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoliang Xu ,&nbsp;Lixin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoscale noble metals have attracted considerable research interest owing to their distinctive localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties, which enable diverse applications in photoelectric sensing, nanomedicine, and biological imaging. Among various hollow metallic nanostructures, gold nanocages (AuNCs) have emerged as particularly promising photothermal agents. However, conventional AuNCs face critical limitations: larger structures exhibit compromised biocompatibility, while smaller counterparts demonstrate restricted tunability of absorption wavelengths into the near-infrared (NIR) window-a crucial requirement for biomedical applications. To address these challenges, we developed a facile liquid-phase synthesis strategy employing a galvanic replacement reaction, utilizing Ag nanocube@CQDs-doped silica templates with HAuCl₄ as the oxidizing agent to fabricate small-sized AuNCs@CQDs nanostructures. The silica matrix serves dual functions: (1) enhancing structural integrity to prevent fragmentation, and (2) improving biocompatibility while maintaining NIR absorption capabilities essential for deep-tissue applications. Remarkably, the AuNCs@CQDs-doped silica nanoprobe demonstrates significantly enhanced fluorescence intensity through LSPR-mediated effects. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations corroborate the experimental observations, revealing optimized electromagnetic field distributions that account for the observed photoelectric performance. The nanostructures achieve an exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency of 38.6%. In vitro evaluations confirm the dual functionality of these nanoprobes, demonstrating both targeted cellular labeling and efficient photothermal ablation. These findings establish AuNCs@CQDs-doped silica as a versatile platform for next-generation biosensing and theranostic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116580"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction Z-scheme heterostructure by WO3 nanocubes embedded g-C3N4 nanosheets with n-π* electronic transition for enhanced visible light driven photocatalysis","authors":"Mingzhu Yuan ,&nbsp;Lei Jiang ,&nbsp;Sitian Mao ,&nbsp;Wenhong Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiangang Lin ,&nbsp;Yupeng Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficient exploitation of visible light while optimizing the charge migration of the photocatalysts is a critical strategy to achieve a significant enhancement of solar energy conversion efficiency. Herein, a g-C₃N₄/WO₃ (P/W-x%) Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst was successfully engineered by incorporating unique WO₃ nanocubes into g-C₃N₄ nanosheets with n-π* electronic transition (PCN). Under visible light irradiation, the optimized P/W-2 % presents excellent photocatalytic H₂ production of 3.82 mmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹, which is 13.2 and 3.9 times higher than that of BCN and PCN, respectively. The excellent photocatalytic H₂ production is attributed to the n-π* electronic transition of the lone electron of the N atoms in g-C₃N₄, which enhances the visible light trapping ability. More importantly, In-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ISI-XPS) measurement confirms the transport of photo-generated electrons from WO₃ nanocubes to PCN nanosheets. Consequently, a Z-scheme P/W-2 % heterojunction is proposed based on the flow direction of photogenerated electrons in combination with the energy band structure. It not only promotes the rapid separation and migration of photogenerated carriers, but also enhances the reduction capability. This study provides a valuable design idea to enhance the performance of photocatalytic H₂ production via light absorption and charge dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"469 ","pages":"Article 116581"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}