{"title":"Tandem, Catalyst-Free C-C Synthesis of Nitriles from Aldehydes and Methyl Cyanoacetate with Sodium Hypophosphite","authors":"Vasily Korochantsev, Artemy Fatkulin, Evgeniya Podyacheva, Alexander Boldyrev, Oleg Afanasyev, Denis Chusov","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.202401108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.202401108","url":null,"abstract":"Saturated carbon chain elongation is a common refrain in numerous synthetic pathways. While the formation of C-C single bonds is of primary importance in organic synthesis, simultaneous introduction of functional groups such as nitrile or ester can reasonably increase its practical utility to prepare multifunctional products. Knoevenagel reaction is one of the powerful tools to create carbon backbones of organic molecules; however, it requires subsequent reduction and/or decarboxylation to achieve a product with a saturated carbon chain. Herein we report a convenient one-step protocol for the reductive condensation between methyl cyanoacetate and aldehydes in the presence of stable, ecologically benign, cheap and available in bulk amounts sodium hypophosphite as a reductant. A description of both the reaction capabilities and limitations is given in this paper.","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Manuel B. Marques, Joana R. M. Ferreira, Bruna F. L. Guerreiro, Fábio M. F. Santos, Samuel Guieu
{"title":"Exploring the reactivity of (hetero)aryl amides in the Chan-Evans-Lam reaction with arylalkenyl boron reagents","authors":"M. Manuel B. Marques, Joana R. M. Ferreira, Bruna F. L. Guerreiro, Fábio M. F. Santos, Samuel Guieu","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.202400805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.202400805","url":null,"abstract":"The unique reactivity and stability of enamides make them attractive reagents in organic synthesis. Herein, we investigated the reactivity of acetanilides and pyridyl acetamides in the formation of a C–N bond through a Chan-Evans-Lam reaction using arylalkenyl boron-based reagents yielding a wide scope of N-aryl enamides with an E configuration. The products obtained have been applied in the synthesis of N-heterocycles, an important scaffold in several biologically active compounds, via sequential Heck reaction to prove the practical utility of the prepared N-aryl enamides.","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Halogenation of Tyrosine N-Oxime Methyl Ester","authors":"Morgan Payne, Luke Fossatti, Stephen Chamberland","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.202401153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.202401153","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient syntheses of mono-, di-, and heterodihalogenated derivatives of tyrosine N-oxime methyl ester are reported. Monohalogenation with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) or N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) was optimized by addition of acid to suppress dihalogenation, affording bromo, chloro, and iodo derivatives in 71%, 50-53%, and 78-80% yields, respectively. Homodihalogenation utilized a two-step, one-flask process via a spirocyclic intermediate, yielding dibromo, dichloro, and diiodo analogues, respectively (75-76%, 54-56%, 79-80%). This strategy was extended to synthesize heterodihalogenated bromochloro, bromoiodo, and chloroiodo derivatives from monohalogenated analogues (50-77%). Key to this approach was the formation of an oxidized spirocyclic intermediate using excess N-halosuccinimide, followed by Na₂S₂O₄ reduction. This method ensures complete conversion and simplifies purification. Nine halogenated building blocks were prepared. These methods provide practical access to versatile precursors for natural product synthesis and derivatization, offering potential for diverse synthetic applications including regioselective palladium-catalyzed couplings.","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"227 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pamela Mendioroz, Andrés I. Casoni, María A. Volpe, Darío C. Gerbino
{"title":"Xanthone Synthesis through Catalysis: Exploring the Green Limits of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Methods","authors":"Pamela Mendioroz, Andrés I. Casoni, María A. Volpe, Darío C. Gerbino","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.202401027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.202401027","url":null,"abstract":"The transition from traditional stoichiometric methods to catalytic processes has significantly advanced the synthesis of xanthones, privileged structures with diverse biological activities. This review critically examines various homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic methodologies, emphasising their efficiency, and adherence to green chemistry principles. Through comparative analysis of key metrics such as Reaction Mass Efficiency (RME), Process Mass Intensity (PMI), E‐factor, and Turnover Number (TON), we highlight the superior performance of heterogeneous catalysts, which demonstrate high reusability, selectivity, and minimal waste generation. The choice of solvent, a crucial factor in the environmental footprint of these processes, is also assessed, focusing on greener alternatives. The robust nature and economic viability of heterogeneous catalysts make them ideal for large‐scale applications, offering suitable solutions for more environmentally‐friendly xanthone production. Furthermore, the reduction in byproducts and the importance of catalyst purity in pharmaceutical applications are discussed, underscoring the relevance of these advancements in meeting the rigorous standards of the industry. This review provides valuable insights into the ongoing evolution of catalytic strategies in xanthone synthesis, driving future developments in medicinal chemistry and green chemistry.","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"123 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Américo J. S. Alves, João A. D. Silvestre, Teresa M. V. D. Pinho e Melo
{"title":"Front Cover: Continuous Flow Spirocyclization Reactions: Towards Efficient Synthesis of Chiral Spiropenicillanates (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 42/2024)","authors":"Américo J. S. Alves, João A. D. Silvestre, Teresa M. V. D. Pinho e Melo","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.202484201","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejoc.202484201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>The Front Cover</b> illustrates the development of continuous flow spirocyclization of 6-alkylidenepenicillanates leading to chiral spiro-β-lactams through phosphine-catalyzed [3+2] annulation of allenoates and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with diphenyldiazomethane. The continuous-flow synthesis of spirocyclopropanepenicillanates through thermal ring contraction of <i>spiro</i>-1-pyrazolinepenicillanates was also included in the study. The reported methodology is a more sustainable approach for the scale-up production of compounds with significant biological properties in high yields. More information can be found in the Research Article by T. M. V. D. Pinho e Melo and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202400689).\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"27 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejoc.202484201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikos Siakavaras, Michael G. Kallitsakis, Evangelos G. Bakalbassis, Michael M. Sigalas, Ioannis N. Lykakis
{"title":"Front Cover: Methanol-Mediated One-Pot Transformation of Benzonitriles to Five and Six-Membered Heterocycles: Synthesis and Mechanistic Approach (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 41/2024)","authors":"Nikos Siakavaras, Michael G. Kallitsakis, Evangelos G. Bakalbassis, Michael M. Sigalas, Ioannis N. Lykakis","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.202484101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejoc.202484101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>The Front Cover</b> shows methanolic media as a vehicle for a green, one-pot and metal-free synthetic approach to 5- and 6-membered N-heterocycle clusters, starting with benzonitriles and different available diamines and amino alcohols. The dual role of methanol as solvent and as mediated agent is supported by mechanistic and theoretical studies. More information can be found in the Research Article by I. N. Lykakis and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202400601).\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"27 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejoc.202484101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142599129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elena Badetti , Vega Lloveras , Melvin Raulin , Francesca A. Scaramuzzo , Jaume Veciana , José Vidal‐Gancedo , Giulia Licini , Cristiano Zonta
{"title":"Synthesis and EPR Studies of Zinc and Copper Tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amines (TPMA) Metal Complexes Containing TEMPO Functionalities","authors":"Elena Badetti , Vega Lloveras , Melvin Raulin , Francesca A. Scaramuzzo , Jaume Veciana , José Vidal‐Gancedo , Giulia Licini , Cristiano Zonta","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.202400384","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejoc.202400384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new family of stable radical‐containing polytopic ligands based on tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amines TPMA architecture and their corresponding metal complexes have been synthesized. These molecular systems offered the possibility to investigate how various spin carriers, such as the metal ion and the organic radical, influence their EPR properties mainly through the empirical ratio of peak heights <em>d<sub>1</sub>/d</em>. Moreover, it has been possible to analyze how different conformations of TEMPO radical units in the molecular skeleton affect the metallic system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"27 42","pages":"Article e202400384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rosalino Balo, Andrés Fernández, David Reza, Pablo López, George W. J. Fleet, Ramón J. Estévez, Juan C. Estévez
{"title":"Stable Ditriflates of D-Glucose in the Synthesis of Iminosugars and Polyhydroxylated Pipecolic Acids","authors":"Rosalino Balo, Andrés Fernández, David Reza, Pablo López, George W. J. Fleet, Ramón J. Estévez, Juan C. Estévez","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.202400395","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejoc.202400395","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A synthesis of the five membered iminosugar DAB and a divergent synthesis of the six membered iminosugar 1-dehydromannojirimycin (DMJ) and the corresponding sugar imino acid are reported. They involve double nucleophilic displacements of a D-xylose ditriflate by benzyl carbazate and a D-glucose ditriflate by allyl amine, respectively. They are followed by a similar protocol consisting of hydrolysis and oxidation or reduction of the resulting bicyclic glycosides. This allowed DMJ to be obtained from the cheap sugar D-glucose.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"27 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejoc.202400395","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142486434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yingying Zheng, Jie Li, Xiaotian Wu, Shanshan Ma, Xueyan Lv, Lei Feng, Qiang Han, Chen Ma
{"title":"I2-Promoted Povarov Multicomponent Reaction for the Synthesis of 2,2′-Biquinolines and N-Heteroaromatic Benzothiazoles","authors":"Yingying Zheng, Jie Li, Xiaotian Wu, Shanshan Ma, Xueyan Lv, Lei Feng, Qiang Han, Chen Ma","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.202400714","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejoc.202400714","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An efficient I<sub>2</sub>-promoted Povarov multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of 2,2′-biquinolines or <i>N</i>-heteroaromatic benzothiazole using 2-methylquinoline or 2-methylbenzo[<i>d</i>]thiazole, arylamines, and <i>α</i>-ketoesters was developed. The methyl group of methyl aza-arenes incorporated in the Povarov reaction via an iodination/Kornblum oxidation sequence. This method was achieved through a one-pot two-step process without the need for transition metals, demonstrating excellent scalability in synthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"27 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142369577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Américo J. S. Alves, João A. D. Silvestre, Teresa M. V. D. Pinho e Melo
{"title":"Continuous Flow Spirocyclization Reactions: Towards Efficient Synthesis of Chiral Spiropenicillanates","authors":"Américo J. S. Alves, João A. D. Silvestre, Teresa M. V. D. Pinho e Melo","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.202400689","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejoc.202400689","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Herein, we describe the development of a continuous flow approach to chiral spiropenicillanates with remarkable bioactive properties from 6-alkylidenepenicillanates through phosphine-catalyzed [3+2] annulation of allenoates or 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with diphenyldiazomethane. Model reactions were carried out using simple alkenes, such as methyl vinyl ketone and <i>N</i>-substituted maleimides, leading to the corresponding products in excellent yields (up to 96 %). The [3+2] annulation reaction was subsequently extended to the reactivity of 6-alkylidenepenicillanates, a more complex 2π-component with an exocyclic carbon-carbon double bond, allowing the synthesis of spirocyclic compounds. The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions between 6-alkylidenepenicillanates and diphenyldiazomethane under continuous flow conditions gave the corresponding spiro-1-pyrazolinepenicillanates in high yields (up to 81 %). Thermal ring contraction, via N<sub>2</sub> extrusion, of spiro-1-pyrazolinepenicillanates under continuous flow conditions led to spirocyclopropanepenicillanates in quantitative yields. The continuous flow proved to be an efficient methodology for the synthesis of spiropenicillanates and represents a more sustainable approach for the larger-scale synthesis of spiropenicillanates with relevant biological activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"27 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142317745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}