{"title":"Mercury and Materialism","authors":"Duncan E. Macrae","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198777342.003.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777342.003.0013","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines images of Mercury in relation to spaces of commerce in Pompeii in light of recent theorizations of material religion. Mercury was a familiar sight for Pompeian shoppers: he was frequently present in the shops, bars, restaurants, and markets of the Campanian city, especially on the façades next to the entrances of these properties. Against interpretations of these images as simply representational, the chapter argues that they played an important role in the mediation of Mercury as god of commerce in the quotidian lives of the inhabitants of the Campanian city.","PeriodicalId":166591,"journal":{"name":"Tracking Hermes, Pursuing Mercury","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116653923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Horace’s Mercury and Mercurial Horace","authors":"S. Harrison","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"In this piece I have surveyed the various guises under which the god Mercury is presented in the poetry of Horace. Mercury is an important figure in the Odes as inventor of the lyre, a key patron of lyric poetry and divine protector of the poet; though he can be paralleled with the young Caesar at one moment, he is not to be taken as symbolizing him at others, especially in Horace’s account of Philippi in Odes 2.7. References to his epic role as psychopompos serve to generate some particularly elevated moments, while allusions to his role as erotic enabler look to lowlier connections with Roman comedy and the elegiac world of amatory intrigue; this combination of high and low reference suits the middling literary level of the Odes in general. We have also seen how the Satires’ narrative of Horace’s origins and their presentation of Damasippus present a different kind of vir Mercurialis (a man of business) he might have been had he not become a lyric poet. By becoming the poet of the Odes, Horace moves upwards from the world of his birth and upbringing, associated with the lower money-making role of Mercury, to the realm of literature and lyric, associated with the god’s higher divine functions, a key step in his poetic and social career.","PeriodicalId":166591,"journal":{"name":"Tracking Hermes, Pursuing Mercury","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128780485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Did Mercury Build the Ship of Aeneas?","authors":"T. Biggs","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0014","url":null,"abstract":"For the Romans, Mercury held some particular narrative and socio-cultural implications during the First Punic War and was connected to a nexus of thought with specific resonance during a markedly naval conflict. An underappreciated testimonium of Naevius’ Bellum Punicum (c.220 BCE) suggests that he crafted a version of the god who built Aeneas’ ship and led the hero from Troy to Italy. This understanding of the god’s maritime role in the epic and its literary afterlives are traced out in later texts and objects in order best to reconstruct a largely lost characterization of the god in Roman culture. Focus is given to Naevius, Vergil, Silius Italicus, Marcellus of Side, and the visual narratives found on the Augustan Tabula Iliaca Capitolina.","PeriodicalId":166591,"journal":{"name":"Tracking Hermes, Pursuing Mercury","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132089979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hide and Go Seek","authors":"J. Clay","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198777342.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777342.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution explores Hermes’ role in both the Iliad and the Odyssey. In the former, his benevolent qualities as guide, mediator, and psychopomp are emphasized. Many of the same features return in the latter epic, but his special relationship with the Odyssey’s hero comes to the fore, especially through their common characteristics as trickster figures and as experts at disguise, seduction, and their rhetorical skills. An examination of the god’s role, especially in the Odyssey, shows that the his characteristics, modes of action, and perhaps above all his playfulness in the Homeric Hymn are already present in Homer.","PeriodicalId":166591,"journal":{"name":"Tracking Hermes, Pursuing Mercury","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131264010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hermes in Love","authors":"J. Farrell","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"As a lover, Hermes is generally regarded as comparable to other male divinities. His perceived connection to ithyphallic herms only strengthens this impression. In literature, however, the character of Hermes’ erotic activity is different from that of other gods. In general, as might be expected, he relies on stealth rather than force, and he is often content to play a secondary role by facilitating the amorous adventures of other figures. In fact, Hermes can be said in most cases to sublimate his own sexuality in favor of someone else’s, often in a way that bespeaks his own greater interest in homosocial bonding than in sexual conquest. These tendencies are clearly visible in archaic, classical, and Hellenistic representations of Hermes, and they develop in generally consistent and almost predictable ways through classical Roman treatments of Mercury down to quite late texts that become foundational for the medieval reception of classical antiquity.","PeriodicalId":166591,"journal":{"name":"Tracking Hermes, Pursuing Mercury","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116731895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rethinking Hermes","authors":"N. Reggiani","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0020","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter focuses on some features of Hermes’ character that can lead to rethink his position in a complex and problematic religious frame deeply grounded on the concept of Cosmic Destiny (Moira), connected to a world vision in which concepts such as Measure, Order, Justice played a primary role. It considers in particular Hermes’ involvement in prophetic utterances, his patronage on chance, chance-based acts like pebble throwing, and instances of distributional justice. This framework allows for a reconsideration of his role as “distributor” of timai in the (re)foundation of new cosmic balances.","PeriodicalId":166591,"journal":{"name":"Tracking Hermes, Pursuing Mercury","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124472029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hermes Iambicus","authors":"Andrea Capra, Cecilia Nobili","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198777342.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777342.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"The present chapter explores the iambic role of Hermes both within and outside iambic poetry, with a focus on the Homeric Hymn to Hermes, which can be construed as the mythical pre-history of the iambic genre, and on the fragments of Hipponax, whose predilection for Hermes calls for an explanation. In both cases, Iambic Hermes emerges as a metamorphic trickster, promoting poetic and linguistic innovation with an unprecedented emphasis on the signifier. This suggests a strong continuity between iambic poetry and its “pre-history.”","PeriodicalId":166591,"journal":{"name":"Tracking Hermes, Pursuing Mercury","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129027753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Like Mother, Like Son?","authors":"H. Shapiro","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198777342.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777342.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter explores the relationship between Hermes and his mother Maia in literary texts, primarily the Homeric Hymn to Hermes, and in Attic vase-painting of the sixth century BCE. It is suggested that some puzzling aspects of the vases, such as the prevalence of various animals, can be understood with reference to elements of the Hymn, and that at least one much-discussed vase can be reinterpreted in the light of this relationship. The unique depiction of Hermes and Maia on the François Vase of c.570 anticipates some of what is found later in both poetry and painting.","PeriodicalId":166591,"journal":{"name":"Tracking Hermes, Pursuing Mercury","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114634160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lascivus Puer","authors":"M. Myers","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores Ovid’s reception of hymnic traditions relating to Hermes in the Cupid–Apollo episode of Metamorphoses Book 1. Ovid’s depiction of Cupid alludes to Hermes in his quarrel with Apollo, as depicted in Alcaeus’ Hymn to Hermes and the Homeric Hymn to Hermes. Ovid’s allusions evoke the hymns’ thematic focus on theft, desire, competition, and divine prerogatives and attributes, themes that are also salient to the Metamorphoses more broadly. After exploring parallels between the Cupid–Apollo episode and the Hermes hymn tradition, I consider how Ovid, having presented a “Mercurial” Cupid, depicts an erotically motivated Mercury in subsequent episodes of Metamorphoses Books 1–2 and Fasti 5.663–92. Finally, the paper compares examples from ancient religion, art, and literature that link Eros/Cupid and Aphrodite/Venus with Hermes/Mercury, and considers ramifications of Ovid’s allusions to the Hermes hymn tradition in the Augustan context, particularly in relation to the princeps’ connections to the divine sphere.","PeriodicalId":166591,"journal":{"name":"Tracking Hermes, Pursuing Mercury","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125508831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hermes among Pan and the Nymphs on Fourth-Century Votive Reliefs","authors":"Carolyn M. Laferrière","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198777342.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of Hermes on many Attic fourth-century BCE votive reliefs dedicated to Pan and the Nymphs is a common but unexpected feature of the corpus. Although he is not mentioned in the dedications inscribed onto the reliefs, Hermes nevertheless occupies a prominent position within the images as leader of the Nymphs’ dance. The incongruity between the dedication and the sculpted scenes is accounted for by considering the votive reliefs’ ritual function within Athenian religion and the genealogical relationship established between Hermes and Pan by the Homeric Hymn to Pan. It is argued that the votive reliefs, as expressions of Athenian visual theology, emphasize Hermes and Pan as coordinated figures within the reliefs, suggesting that the two gods work together to integrate the cult of the Nymphs within Athenian religious life.","PeriodicalId":166591,"journal":{"name":"Tracking Hermes, Pursuing Mercury","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125406576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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