Naoto Fujii, Shin Omori, Yufuko Kataoka, Takeshi Nishiyasu, Naomi Omi
{"title":"Nitrate and Nitrite Concentrations in Fingertip Serum Following Beetroot Juice Ingestion Correlate with Those in Venous Plasma.","authors":"Naoto Fujii, Shin Omori, Yufuko Kataoka, Takeshi Nishiyasu, Naomi Omi","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dietary nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) supplementation can offer health benefit and improve exercise performance by increasing nitric oxide (NO) through NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-nitrite (NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>)-NO pathway. Individuals may benefit from dietary NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> supplementation by monitoring blood [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] and [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>], although a simple and practical method for assessing blood [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] and [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>] has not been established. We examined whether fingertip serum samples could substitute for venous plasma samples in assessing [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] and [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>]. Ten young adults consumed 140 mL of nitrate-rich beetroot juice. Fingertip serum and venous plasma samples were collected at baseline and every hour for up to 4 h after ingestion. [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] and [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>] were similar between samples at baseline, whereas they were higher in fingertip serum throughout the post-ingestion periods. Significant correlations existed between fingertip serum vs. venous plasma for both [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] and [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>] throughout post-drink periods, except [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] assessed at 2 and 4 h after ingestion of beetroot juice. We show that although fingertip serum [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] and [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>] overestimate those measured by venous plasma after dietary NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> intake (125-141% and 156-183% of venous values), [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] and [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>] in fingertip serum samples may be utilized for assessing blood [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] and [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>] levels, although [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] assessment may lack precision compared to [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>].</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 5","pages":"441-444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vegetable and Fruit Intake and LOX-Index in Japanese Municipal Workers.","authors":"Mirai Sakanari, Masanori Ohta, Mayumi Nagano, Yoko Umeki, Akiko Nanri","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.396","DOIUrl":"10.3177/jnsv.70.396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vegetable and fruit intake has been reported to be associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. To date, however, no study has examined the association between vegetable and fruit intake and LOX-index, which reflects the progression of atherosclerosis and is a predictive biomarker of stroke and coronary heart disease. Here, we examined the cross-sectional association between vegetable and fruit intake and LOX-index in Japanese municipal workers. Participants were 338 workers (166 men and 172 women aged 19-71 y) with no history of serious disease who participated in a health and nutrition survey. Vegetable and fruit intake was assessed using a validated brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. LOX-index was calculated by multiplying serum concentrations of the soluble form of lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 by those of LOX-1 ligands containing apolipoprotein B. Multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the geometric mean of LOX-index according to tertile of vegetable and/or fruit intake. Total vegetable and fruit intake was associated with a trend toward decreased LOX-index after adjustment for covariates (p for trend=0.067). In stratified analyses by sex, a significant inverse association between total vegetable and fruit intake and LOX-index was observed in women (p for trend=0.023), whereas such association was not observed in men (p for trend=0.70). None of the intakes of vegetables, fruit, green and yellow vegetables, or other vegetables was associated with LOX-index. Our results suggest that higher intake of total vegetables and fruit is associated with a lower LOX-index in Japanese women.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 5","pages":"396-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ameliorative Effect of Raspberry Ketone on Hypothalamic Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice.","authors":"Zhao Yao, Zhenhua Zhu, Xingyou Chen, Xiaoping Li","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of raspberry ketone on hypothalamic inflammation and its mechanism. Mouse microglia cells (BV2 cells) were cultured in vitro with palmitic acid (100 μM) to induce inflammation model and then incubated with raspberry ketone (5, 20, 50 μM) alone or raspberry ketone (50 μM) and the specific inhibitor of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), genipin (10 μM), to test the role of UCP2 in raspberry ketone regulatory of inflammation. Meanwhile, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet containing raspberry ketone (0.2%, wt/wt) for 16 wk or 7 d to observe the effects of raspberry ketone on the body weights and hypothalamic inflammation of mice. The expression levels of inflammatory factors, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), were detected using RT-qPCR, Elisa, and Western blotting, respectively. At the cellular level, raspberry ketone reduced the content of inflammatory factors in BV2 cells and in the cell culture medium. Genipin inhibited the anti-inflammatory effect of raspberry ketone on BV2 cells. At the animal level, after 16 wk of feeding, raspberry ketone-containing diets significantly reduced the body weight of mice, but had no significant effect on the mRNA expression level of hypothalamic inflammatory factors. On the other hand, 7 d of raspberry ketone gavage significantly reduced mRNA and protein expression of hypothalamic inflammatory factors. The results of this study suggest that raspberry ketone could regulate high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice, and the specific mechanism may be to inhibit hypothalamic inflammation in mice by regulating UCP2 gene expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 6","pages":"496-502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Mixed Solid Food and Water Intake on Blood Glucose Level and Energy Metabolism.","authors":"Takuro Tobina, Kaori Nakamine, Shouhei Takeuchi, Rie Tomiga-Takae, Katsuhisa Omagari, Tomoki Yamashita","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbohydrate-rich solid foods, such as bread, pasta, and steamed rice, are applied for test meals in studies examining digestion and absorption of food related to glucose metabolism and sports science. Such research must consider that drinking water is sometimes better as it avoids the risk of choking or aspiration. However, the water increases test meal volume and dilutes glucose concentration, which may influence the digestion and absorption of ingested foods, as well as energy metabolism. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether the peak time and concentration of glucose and energy metabolism will differ among the intake of steamed rice alone (Rice), simultaneous intake of steamed rice and water (Mixed), and water alone (Water). Following the intake of the test meals, there was an immediate increase in blood glucose in Mixed compared to Rice and Water. The glucose peak time of Rice (60 (56-68) min; median and quartile) was also delayed compared to Mixed (38 (29-45) min). The blood lactate peak time was also significantly different in Mixed and Rice. Although meal and time interaction was not found in energy expenditure, Mixed increases the respiratory quotient by 40 min compared to Water. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that simultaneous intake of steamed rice and water hasted digestion and absorption of glucose and activates glycolysis. Future studies investigating gastric emptying rate and glucose metabolism should ensure that the conditions of fluid intake and the test meal volumes are consistent and do not differ significantly.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 6","pages":"490-495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kyoko Fujihira, Masaki Takahashi, Ai Iizuka, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Naoyuki Hayashi
{"title":"Summer Nutritional Status and Appetite Are Associated with the Frequency of Hot Meal/Drink Intake among Japanese Older People.","authors":"Kyoko Fujihira, Masaki Takahashi, Ai Iizuka, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Naoyuki Hayashi","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the relationship between the frequency of consuming cold or hot meal/drink during summer and the nutritional status, appetite, and energy intake among Japanese older people. The cross-sectional study was conducted in August 2021, targeting 60 adults aged 65 y and older. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used for nutritional status evaluation, the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) for appetite scoring, and food frequency questionnaire to assess energy intake. Participants reported on the frequency of consuming cold or hot meal/drink during the summer. Those who reported consuming hot meals \"moderate\" (p=0.033) or \"frequent\" (p=0.005) during summer had a higher BMI than those who reported minimal consumption. Participants who reported \"frequent\" consumption of hot meals in summer had higher MNA scores than those who reported \"minimal\" consumption (p=0.014). Participants who reported a \"frequent\" consumption of hot meals had higher SNAQ scores compared to those who reported \"minimal\" (p<0.001) or \"moderate\" (p=0.001). Similarly, participants who reported a \"frequent\" consumption of hot drinks had higher SNAQ scores than those reporting \"minimal\" (p=0.021) or \"moderate\" (p=0.008). The nutritional status and appetite during summer in Japanese older people were associated with the frequency of consuming hot meals and drinks.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 3","pages":"288-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Oleuropein on Anti-Obesity and Uncoupling Protein 1 Level in Brown Adipose Tissue in Mild Treadmill Walking Rats with Diet-Induced Obesity.","authors":"Yuriko Oi-Kano, Tsuyoshi Goto, Haruya Takahashi, Yusaku Iwasaki, Teruo Kawada","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.193","DOIUrl":"10.3177/jnsv.70.193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oleuropein aglycone (OA), which is the absorbed form of oleuropein, is a major phenolic compound in extra virgin olive oil. We analyzed the anti-obesity effect of OA intake combined with mild treadmill walking (MTW, 4 m/min for 20 min/d, 5-6 d/wk, without electric shocks and slope) in rats under a high-fat diet (HF). Four-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=28) were equally divided into four groups: control (HF), 0.08% oleuropein-supplemented HF (HFO), HF with MTW (HF+W), and HFO with MTW (HFO+W) groups. After 28 d, the inguinal subcutaneous fat content and weight gain were significantly lower in the HFO+W group than in the control group. The HFO+W group also had significantly higher levels of urinary noradrenaline secretion, interscapular brown adipose tissue, uncoupling protein 1, brain transient receptor potential ankyrin subtype 1 (TRPA1), vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) than the control group. Especially, the HFO+W group showed a synergistic effect on noradrenaline secretion. Therefore, OA combined with MTW may accelerate the enhancement of UCP1 and BDNF levels in rats with HF-induced obesity by increasing noradrenaline secretion after TRPA1 and TRPV1 activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 3","pages":"193-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Muscle-Protective Effect of Carnosine against Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy in C2C12 Myotube.","authors":"Md Mizanur Rahman, Anayt Ulla, Hiroki Moriwaki, Yusuke Yasukawa, Takayuki Uchida, Takeshi Nikawa","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the protective effect of carnosine and its components (L-histidine and β-alanine [HA]) against dexamethasone (Dex)-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes. Myotubes were treated with Dex (10 μM) to induce muscle atrophy manifested by decreased myotube diameter, low myosin heavy chain content, and increased expression of muscle atrophy-associated ubiquitin ligases (Atrogin-1, MuRF-1, and Cbl-b). Carnosine (20 mM) treatment significantly improved the myotube diameter and MyHC protein expression level in Dex-treated C2C12 myotubes. It also downregulated the expression of Atrogin-1, MuRF-1, and Cbl-b and suppressed the expression of forkhead box O3 (FoxO3a) mediated by Dex. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species production was increased by Dex but was ameliorated by carnosine treatment. However, HA (20 mM), the component of carnosine, treatment was found ineffective in preventing Dex-induced protein damage. Therefore, based on above results it can be suggested that carnosine could be a potential therapeutic agent to prevent Dex-induced muscle atrophy compared to its components HA.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 3","pages":"219-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Japanese Diet on Post-Exercise Glycogen Recovery in Mice Skeletal Muscle and Liver.","authors":"Atsuko Koike, Takuya Karasawa, Shin Terada","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diet consumed by most Japanese people, which contains high amounts of carbohydrate and low levels of fat compared with the Western-style diet (WD), has been considered an effective diet for promoting glycogen recovery after exercise. However, there is no direct evidence to support this general belief, because no studies have examined the effect of whole, actually cooked Japanese-style diet (JD) on post-exercise glycogen replenishment. In this study, we comparatively examined the effects of a cooked typical JD and WD on glycogen accumulation in mouse skeletal muscle and liver after acute exercise. One-week menus (total 21 meals) of the JD and WD were reproduced based on national nutrition surveys in Japan and the U.S. All the meals were cooked, mixed and then fed to mice after acute 60-min running exercise. After the 4-h recovery period, mice given the JD had significantly higher muscle and liver glycogen concentrations than those fed the isoenergetic WD. Furthermore, even after the 24-h recovery period, the JD-fed mice also had significantly higher muscle glycogen concentration than the isoenergetic WD-fed group. Compared with the mice fed a WD, the JD-fed mice showed significantly higher plasma insulin level during the 4-h but not the 24-h recovery period. These results suggest that both short- and long-term feeding of the JD promote post-exercise muscle glycogen recovery compared to the WD, possibly through an insulin-dependent mechanism and non-insulin-dependent mechanism, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 6","pages":"470-480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chronic Oral Intake of Soy Peptide Alleviates Anhedonia in Normally Housed Male C57BL/6J Mice.","authors":"Miku Hamasaki, Chihiro Yano, Koki Zeze, Kengo Kuroki, Nana Nishikawa, Hiroaki Kozaki, Shigeki Furuya","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of long-term soy peptide consumption on mood-related behavior in adult male mice was studied under normal housing conditions. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a modified AIN-93M diet containing 7% soy peptide for 70 d. Sucrose preference and tail suspension tests were conducted to evaluate anhedonia and despair, respectively. Mice fed soy peptide consumed more sucrose than those in the control group fed AIN-93M in the sucrose preference test. However, no significant difference was observed in the total immobility time between the two groups in the tail suspension test. These findings suggest that chronic soy peptide intake may attenuate anhedonia, a hallmark symptom of major depressive disorder characterized by decreased sensitivity to reward and pleasure.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 5","pages":"430-433"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Individualized Nutritional Management Using Dishcook Improves Nutrition Status Markers in Patients with Intellectual Disability.","authors":"Yuki Niida, Hidenori Onishi, Hirohiko Ohama, Hiromasa Tsubouchi, Akemi Koujimoto, Yasutaka Mizukami, Tomoko Okamoto, Masamichi Ikawa, Masafumi Kubota, Mayu Takebe, Naoko Takaku, Kino Tsuji, Chizu Kawahara, Taisei Inoue, Daiki Hasegawa, Yoshihiro Nakamori, Takeshi Hirobe, Osamu Yamamura","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dishcook is a new cooking system that allows individual cooking using a dedicated induction heater. This study investigated whether Dishcook use affects the nutritional value of individuals with intellectual disabilities. This study was conducted on users receiving support from a continuous-employment office in Obama City, Fukui Prefecture, in 2022. Of these participants, 18 (seven women and 11 men) who requested the use of the Dishcook were included in the analysis. The study period was from January to August 2023. The mean age was 48.72±16.24 y. A significant increase in the overall phase angles of the limbs was observed. Triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, HbA1c, and serum zinc levels improved in patients who used the Dishcook. The phase angle obtained using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis also improved, indicating the usefulness of the Dishcook in treating metabolic diseases and the possibility of individualized nutritional management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 4","pages":"352-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142108374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}