Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology最新文献

{"title":"Maitake Mushroom (Grifola frondosa) Enhances Cognitive Function in Healthy Older Japanese: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Eri M Jogi, Masaharu C Kato, Yuki Masuda, Morichika Konishi, Naoko Kuwabara, Shinji Sato, Saori Nakagawa, Kenji Yamasaki, Ryutaro Aoki, Miho Ohno, Shuzo Ohata, Setsushi Kato, Michio Hashimoto","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.72.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.72.163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extended longevity has resulted in an increased number of patients with dementia. Therefore, new methods for treating and preventing dementia are highly desirable. Multiple health benefits have been reported for Grifola frondosa (maitake mushrooms). In this study, we investigated the safety and effects of continuous intake of maitake mushrooms on cognitive function in healthy older individuals. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial over 18 wk targeting 47 healthy Japanese individuals aged 60 y or older. The individuals were randomly divided into three groups: a Y10M group consumed bread containing 50 g of the maitake mushroom strain Y10M, a C5304 group consumed bread containing 50 g of the maitake mushroom strain C5304, and a placebo group consumed bread without maitake mushrooms. No participants discontinued the intervention due to adverse effects in any group. The Y10M group showed a significant improvement in cognitive assessment based on the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J) score compared to the placebo group after the intervention. However, no difference was observed in the MoCA-J scores between the C5304 and placebo groups. The activity of natural killer cells, a type of immune cell, was also significantly augmented in the Y10M group and positively correlated with MoCA-J scores. These results suggest that improved cognitive function is, at least in part, attributable to the activation of the immune system. This study suggests that consumption of maitake mushrooms may help inhibit the decline in cognitive function in healthy older individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"72 2","pages":"163-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Serum Level of Folate and Vitamin C with Length of Hospital Stay (LOS) in Hospitalized Patients: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Molian Tang, Yi Gu, Anqi Song, Yiquan Zhou, Xiaomin Zhang, Zhiqi Chen, Jie Zhang, Renying Xu","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.72.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.72.93","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The association between serum level of folate and length of hospital stay (LOS) remains unclear. Adult participants were retrospectively recruited from two teaching hospitals in Shanghai, China. Serum level of folate and vitamin C were measured within three days after hospital admission. LOS was defined as the interval between admission and discharge. Patients were classified into tertile groups based on serum level of folate to assess the association with LOS. We further re-analyzed the association between serum level of folate and LOS under different serum level of vitamin C (also divided into tertile groups). A total number of 9,645 patients were included. Each standard deviation (SD) increase in serum level of folate was associated with 0.41 d (95% CI: -0.73 d, -0.09 d) decrease in LOS in the crude model; however, it lost significance after full adjustment. Taken the interaction effect of vitamin C into consideration, serum level of folate was inversely associated with LOS in those whose serum level of vitamin C was higher than 41.6 μmol/L. Serum level of folate was inversely associated with LOS, but the association was limited to patient with high vitamin C level.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"72 2","pages":"93-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Overload-Induced Retinoid Metabolism Is Involved in Protein Synthesis in Skeletal Muscle of Female Mice.","authors":"Tomoya Kitakaze, Aino Nakatsuji, Naoki Harada, Ryoichi Yamaji","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.72.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.72.176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although exercise is the most effective strategy for increasing the skeletal muscle mass, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that β-carotene, a provitamin A compound, enhances muscle mass through a retinoic acid receptor γ (RARγ)-dependent pathway. However, the involvement of vitamin A in exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy remains unclear. In this study, we used a mouse model of functional overload to mimic resistance exercise and investigated the role of vitamin A in overload-induced muscle growth. Overload increased the expression of Rdh10, Dhrs9 and Aldh1a2, an enzyme required for active vitamin A synthesis in the skeletal muscle. In contrast, the expression of Aldh1a1, Dhrs3, and Rarb was decreased by the overload. Vitamin A deficiency significantly suppressed overload-induced muscle hypertrophy and protein synthesis. Moreover, local administration of an RAR antagonist to the skeletal muscle reduced overload-induced protein synthesis. These findings suggest that vitamin A contributes to skeletal muscle hypertrophy during muscle overload by promoting protein synthesis via RAR-mediated signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"72 2","pages":"176-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective β3 Adrenergic Receptor Agonist CL316,243 Increases the Blood Concentrations of Free Fatty Acids and GDF15.","authors":"Arata Mori, Yasuo Oguri, Sho Matsui, Satoshi Tsuzuki, Tsutomu Sasaki","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.72.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.72.154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>β3 adrenergic receptor (β3AR) agonists were originally developed to overcome obesity. Administration of selective β3AR agonist CL316,243 induces lipolysis and elevates the blood concentrations of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), which exerts appetite-suppressing effects in mice. Liver is the main source of GDF15 in the circulation; however, it does not express β3AR. In this study, we hypothesized that free fatty acids (FFAs) released into the circulation upon lipolysis by the β3AR agonist induce GDF15 secretion from the liver. To verify this hypothesis, we manipulated the adiposity of mice using two different models, diet-induced obesity and surgical removal of white adipose tissue models, and measured the blood FFA and GDF15 levels after CL316,243 administration. Sustained elevation of blood FFA levels correlated with elevated blood GDF15 levels in the diet-induced obesity model. Conversely, surgical removal of white adipose tissue reduced the blood concentrations of FFAs and GDF15 after CL316,243 administration. Notably, CL316,243 failed to induce Gdf15 expression in AML12 mouse hepatocytes. However, FFAs induced Gdf15 expression in AML12 cells, with stearic acid acting as the most potent FFA. These data suggest that FFAs released via β3AR agonist-induced lipolysis increase Gdf15 expression levels in the liver and elevate blood GDF15 concentrations in mice. The sustained elevation of blood GDF15 levels in obese model mice by the β3AR agonist possibly reduced appetite more effectively in the obesity state than in the lean state.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"72 2","pages":"154-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Errata.","authors":"","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.72.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.72.84","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"72 1","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Fat Fermented Milk Enhanced the Bioavailability of Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Humans: A Crossover Study.","authors":"Masashi Morifuji, Saori Takahashi, Chikaho Sano, Shunsuke Baba, Satomi Ichikawa","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.72.53","DOIUrl":"10.3177/jnsv.72.53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deficiencies of essential fat-soluble vitamins have been identified in several conditions. Previously we reported the co-ingestion of non-fat fermented milk and vegetables enhanced absorption of carotenoids. Both carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins have similar absorption mechanisms. Therefore, we hypothesized that the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins may be enhanced when co-ingested with non-fat fermented milk. Twenty healthy male participants were included in this two-group, two-phase crossover study. Participants co-ingested 50 g of a fat-soluble vitamin solution with either 75 g of water or 75 g of non-fat fermented milk before switching after a 2-wk washout. The fat-soluble vitamins were mixed in 50 g of water with 830 μg vitamin A (as retinol), 230 μg of vitamin D (as cholecalciferol), 100.8 mg of vitamin E, and 16.8 mg of vitamin K (as menaquinone-7). Blood samples were collected before and 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after test food consumption and the concentrations of fat-soluble vitamins in the triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein (TRL) and total plasma fractions were determined. The incremental area under the curve for retinyl palmitate, cholecalciferol, and menaquinone-7 concentrations in the total plasma fraction, and α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol concentrations in the TRL fraction of plasma were significantly higher for the group of the co-ingestion of fat-soluble vitamins and non-fat fermented milk, compared with the co-ingestion of fat-soluble vitamins and water. Our findings suggest a new nutritional means by which fat-soluble vitamin bioavailability can be enhanced via co-ingestion with non-fat fermented milk. This approach could improve nutritional deficiencies of global health concern.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"72 1","pages":"53-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Early Nutritional Intervention on Clinical Remission Rates and Quality of Life in Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.","authors":"Yi Gao, Suqin Xia, Xiaoxue Shen","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.72.30","DOIUrl":"10.3177/jnsv.72.30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder influenced by multiple factors including genetic susceptibility, immune dysregulation, environmental triggers, and nutritional status. Nutritional deficiencies are common in IBD patients and may contribute to disease progression and poor clinical outcomes. In this study, we examined how early nutritional intervention affected clinical remission rates, disease activity, and quality of life in newly diagnosed IBD patients. We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 153 newly diagnosed IBD patients, dividing them into two groups: 78 patients who received early nutritional intervention combined with conventional treatment (intervention group) and 75 patients who received conventional treatment alone (control group). Following treatment periods of 4, 8, 12, and 24 wk, we assessed clinical remission rates, disease activity indices (CDAI for Crohn's disease and Mayo scores for ulcerative colitis), quality of life scores (IBDQ), inflammatory markers, nutritional status, and disease-related complications. Early nutritional intervention led to enhanced clinical remission rates beginning at 8 wk and continuing through 24 wk. Disease activity indices showed progressive improvement in the intervention group, with both CDAI scores in Crohn's disease patients and Mayo scores in ulcerative colitis patients demonstrating notable reductions by the 24-wk assessment. Quality of life scores improved substantially in the intervention group, particularly evident at the 12 and 24-wk time points. Inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and fecal calprotectin, exhibited marked decreases in patients receiving nutritional intervention. Nutritional parameters demonstrated improvement in the intervention group, with both serum albumin and prealbumin levels showing restoration toward normal ranges. Additionally, patients in the intervention group experienced lower rates of rehospitalization, extraintestinal complications, and disease relapse during the 24-wk follow-up period. These findings indicate that early nutritional intervention significantly improves clinical outcomes in newly diagnosed IBD patients by enhancing remission rates, reducing disease activity and inflammatory burden, optimizing nutritional status, and decreasing complications. This intervention strategy may represent a valuable therapeutic approach for improving both short-term and long-term prognosis in IBD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"72 1","pages":"30-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a Low-Iodine Diet in Post-Thyroidectomy Thyroid Cancer Patients Receiving I-131 Therapy at the Vietnam National Cancer Hospital.","authors":"Bach Viet Hoang, Thuy Thi Tran, Anh Tran Mai LE, Tien Thi Hong Nguyen, Dung Thi Nguyen, Huong Thi LE","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.72.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.72.113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of a low-iodine diet intervention in post-thyroidectomy thyroid cancer patients undergoing radioactive iodine (I-131) therapy has been shown to the improve clinical outcomes of patients worldwide. However, studies evaluating the 24-h dietary intake of low-iodine diets for thyroid cancer patients in Vietnam remain limited. Therefore, we conducted a study to assess the effectiveness of the low-iodine diet and to compare the diet between patients who managed it on their own and those who received guidance from nutrition specialists, with the aim of developing a more effective dietary regimen and monitoring intervention. This was a controlled interventional study comparing two groups: the intervention group received a specialized low-iodine diet designed by a team of experts, while the control group followed the standard hospital low-iodine diet protocol. The effectiveness of the intervention was assessed by measuring urinary iodine concentration and 24-h dietary intake. The mean urinary iodine concentration in the intervention group was lower than in the control group (9.2±3.9 vs. 10.3±3.5 μg/dL), though the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Regarding 24-h dietary intake, the proportion of patients meeting energy and protein requirements was higher in the intervention group (p<0.05). Dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was also significantly higher in the intervention group (p<0.05). Nutritional intervention helped ensure adequate energy intake and improved the provision of specific nutrients for patients undergoing I-131 therapy after thyroid cancer surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"72 2","pages":"113-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Appetite, Hunger, and Desired Food Intake of the University Students Belonging to an Athletic Club before and after Practices in Summer and Winter.","authors":"Yusuke Takagi, Yosuke Ogiso, Tadashi Uno, Tetsuya Kita","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.72.182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.72.182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the indices of appetite and hunger before and after the practice among university students of the athletic club in summer and winter. The participants were 16 healthy university female students (age: 19.8±1.3 y) who were members of the university basketball team. The survey was conducted once in July and once in February (2 d total). Basketball practice was held after school on both days (around 5:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m.). The indices of appetite and hunger were measured immediately before and after practice, 15 and 30 min after practice. The indices of appetite and hunger increased significantly after 15 min of practice in winter, and a significant high positive correlation (r=0.88, p<0.05) was found between the appetite and hunger. On the other hand, the index of hunger in summer showed no significant difference between the immediately after practice and the thereafter. Although a significant positive correlation (r=0.50, p<0.05) was found between the appetite and the hunger, the correlation coefficient was significantly lower than that in winter. No significant differences were found between the seasons for both indices. It is thought that physiological responses to energy expenditure and increased heat dissipation increased appetite and hunger after winter practice among the students. After summer practice, the appetite for cold foods increased, however, there was no significant increase in hunger due to the effect of increased water intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"72 2","pages":"182-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alfa-Lipoic Acid and Lipoamide Can Promote Extracellular Coenzyme Q₁₀ Reduction in Presence of Hep G2 Cells; Involvement of Cell-Mediating α-Lipoic Acid- or Lipoamide-Coenzyme Q₁₀ Reduction Cycle.","authors":"Takayuki Takahashi, Tadashi Okamoto","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.72.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.72.120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>α-Lipoic acid (LA) and coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀) are frequently taken alone or in combination as dietary supplements with expectations of energy-stimulating effects and antioxidant actions. However, although the amino derivative of LA, α-lipoamide (LA-NH₂), has more powerful biological activities than LA, its clinical use is limited. In the body, most of LA and CoQ₁₀ are in their unstable reduced form, but the reduction mechanisms and interactions between these compounds in the body are not well-understood. Therefore, we investigated their cell-mediated-reductions and interactions between exogenous CoQ₁₀ and LA or LA-NH₂. The reduction of exogenously added CoQ₁₀ was promoted by the co-addition of LA or LA-NH₂ only in the presence of Hep G2 cells, and this promotion was stronger with LA-NH₂ than LA. As a mechanism, we found that exogenous LA and LA-NH₂ were first reduced to their corresponding reduced forms mainly by thioredoxin reductase 1 and lipoamide dehydrogenase, respectively, in cells, and then the reduced forms were rapidly excreted from the cells, where they reduced extracellular CoQ₁₀ to ubiquinol-10 (CoQ₁₀H₂) non-enzymatically. Moreover, it was suggested that exogenous CoQ₁₀ reduction by reduced LA-NH₂ may also occur not only outside but also inside the cells. These results suggest that the combination of LA or LA-NH₂ and CoQ₁₀ can effectively increase the extracellular CoQ₁₀H₂ level in the body. Therefore, it is expected that their combined use will further potentiate the preventive and/or protective effects against various diseases caused by oxidative stress compared with single use, and contribute more effectively to health promotion and anti-aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"72 2","pages":"120-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}