Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Dietary pentadecanoic acid supplementation at weaning in essential fatty acid-deficient rats shed light on the new family of odd-chain n-8 PUFAs","authors":"Vincent Ciesielski ,&nbsp;Thomas Guerbette ,&nbsp;Léa Fret ,&nbsp;Mélodie Succar ,&nbsp;Youenn Launay ,&nbsp;Patrice Dahirel ,&nbsp;Philippe Legrand ,&nbsp;Manuel Vlach ,&nbsp;Sophie Blat ,&nbsp;Vincent Rioux","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) is a saturated odd-chain fatty acid (OCFA), mainly found in dairy products. Its physiological and nutritional effects are still unknown, yet some recent evidences suggest it might be beneficial to human health. Moreover, pentadecanoic acid has recently been suspected of having essential roles in humans, although the mechanisms are not described. We therefore questioned the potential essentiality of this fatty acid (FA). We investigated <em>in vivo</em> the effect of a C15:0 supplementation on essential fatty acid (EFA) deficient Wistar rats. Female rats were fed an EFA-deficient diet 2 weeks before mating, during pregnancy and lactation. Weaned pups were fed the EFA-deficient diet or were switched to a diet supplemented with C15:0 or linoleic acid (LA) for 11 weeks. A control group was fed with EFA during the whole study. Since linoleic acid deficiency is known to induce growth delay, weights were measured throughout the experiment and FA content in collected tissues were analyzed to evaluate biochemical markers of the deficiency. As expected, EFA-deficient rats showed growth retardation, compared to control rats. Supplementation of C15:0 at weaning increased early growth rate compared to deficient animals, as also did the supplementation of C18:2 n-6. Furthermore, the supplementation of C15:0 in the diet of EFA-deficient animals induced the previously undescribed synthesis of odd-chain PUFAs of the n-8 family (C19:3, C21:3 and C21:4 n-8). These results suggest dietary C15:0 might counteract EFA induced growth retardation, possibly through the synthesis of odd-chain n-8 PUFAs, yet mechanisms are to be deciphered for further validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 109814"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated metabolome and microbiome strategy reveals the therapeutic effect of nervonic acid on Alzheimer's disease rats","authors":"Ziyi Chen ,&nbsp;Shu Liu ,&nbsp;Fengrui Song ,&nbsp;Zong Hou ,&nbsp;Hui Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuting Fan ,&nbsp;Rongjin Wang ,&nbsp;Zhongying Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease. Nervonic acid is a component of breast milk and is also found in fish oil and specific vegetable oils. Studies have shown that nervonic acid is essential for the development of the human nervous system. In this study, Morris water maze (MWM) test and pathological analysis showed that nervonic acid could improve cognitive deficits and brain nerve damage in AD rats. Then, through sequencing, we found that nervonic acid increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as <em>Lactobacillus</em> and <em>Bacteroides</em>, and decreased the abundance of <em>Pseudomonadaceae_Pseudomonas</em>. Not only that, nervonic acid also regulates the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and the levels of 29 fecal metabolites, and affects the metabolism of linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and sphingolipid. Finally, we verified the regulatory effect of nervonic acid on metabolic enzyme activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 109813"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term iodine deficiency and excess inhibit β-casein and α-lactalbumin secretion of milk in lactating rats","authors":"Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Zhao ,&nbsp;Na Zhao ,&nbsp;Yan Song ,&nbsp;Zixuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinbao Zhang ,&nbsp;Haohao Meng ,&nbsp;Xiru Wang ,&nbsp;Le Shan ,&nbsp;Wanqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhongna Sang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iodine is critical for thyroid hormone synthesis and developmental programming in the first 1,000 days of life. The effect of maternal iodine on milk protein secretion remains unknown. We aimed to explore the effect of long-term maternal iodine deficiency and excess on milk protein secretion in lactating rats and its mechanisms preliminarily. Animal models of iodine deficiency and excess were generated by treating Wistar rats a low-iodine diet and deionized water with different potassium iodide concentrations from reproductive age to lactation. Under iodine deficiency, CSN2 and α-LA secretion of milk was inhibited in early and mid-lactation, respectively, and the inhibition of milk CSN2 and α-LA secretion weakened in late lactation. Under iodine excess, milk CSN2 secretion was inhibited in early lactation, and the inhibition of milk CSN2 and α-LA secretion was more pronounced in late lactation. Under iodine deficiency and excess, the concentrations of CSN2 and α-LA and protein expression levels of THRα1, THRβ1, and PRLR in the mammary gland decreased. These results demonstrate the negative impact of long-term maternal iodine malnutrition on milk protein secretion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 109812"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing wound healing via modulation of autophagy-induced apoptosis: the role of nicotinamide riboside and resveratrol in streptozotocin-treated diabetic rat","authors":"Morvarid Siri ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hasan Maleki ,&nbsp;Seyed Mohammadmahdi Meybodi ,&nbsp;Seyed Amirhossein Mazhari ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Ghaderi Saviri ,&nbsp;Amirreza Dehghanian ,&nbsp;Maryam Naseh ,&nbsp;Nafiseh Esmaeili ,&nbsp;Sanaz Dastghaib ,&nbsp;Zeinab Aryanian","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Impaired wound healing from diabetes mellitus (DM) causes lower limb amputations, posing clinical, social, and economic issues. Hypoxia and advanced glycation end products cause autophagy and apoptosis dysregulation, which delays wound healing. The study will test systemic and topical Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) and Resveratrol (RSV) for the capacity to modulate autophagy and apoptosis via the SIRT-1-FOXO1 pathway and improve diabetic wound healing. About 54 male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into control, diabetic (T1D), T1D-Gel-Base, T1D-NR, T1D-RSV, and T1D-NR+RSV groups. Rats were gavaged with 50 mg/kg/day RSV and 300 mg/kg/day NR for 5 weeks before having their wounds topically treated with 5% NR and RSV gel for 15 days after diabetes induction. Biochemical, histomorphometric, and stereological assays were conducted. The mRNA expressions of <em>SIRT-1, FOXO1, VEGF, BAX, Cas3, Bcl-2, Beclin1, LC3IIβ, P62</em>, and <em>ATG5</em> were examined by qRT-PCR. NR and RSV improved diabetic rat wound closure. Diabetic rats treated with NR and RSV had significantly higher <em>LC3IIβ, VEGEF, Bcl-2</em>, and <em>SIRT-1</em> mRNA levels. <em>Bcl-2, p62</em>, and <em>ATG5</em> were regulated whereas <em>BAX</em> and <em>Cas 3</em> were reduced. Stereological investigations showed epidermal, dermal, collagen bundle, vascular, and fibroblast density enhancements. This study highlights the potential of NR and RSV, acting as SIRT-1 activators, in improving diabetic wound healing by regulating SIRT-1-FOXO1-mediated autophagy and apoptosis. These findings offer valuable insights for developing targeted strategies to enhance diabetic wound healing. The combination of NR and RSV showed promising effects, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for improving diabetic wound healing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 109811"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between blood DNA methylation, diet quality indices and metabolic health: Data from Obekit study","authors":"Aline Rosignoli da Conceição ,&nbsp;Josefina Bressan ,&nbsp;Marta Cuervo ,&nbsp;Maria Luisa Mansego ,&nbsp;J. Alfredo Martínez ,&nbsp;José Ignacio Riezu-Boj ,&nbsp;Fermín I. Milagro","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epigenetic mechanisms, which can be modulated by dietary factors, have been proposed as a possible factor in understanding interindividual differences in disease susceptibility. We aimed to determine the relationships between DNA methylation (DNAm), diet quality, and metabolic health in Spanish individuals. This is a transversal study encompassing 337 male and female participants in the Obekit study. Diet quality was assessed using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire and seven previously established scores: overall, healthy and unhealthy Plant-Based Diet Index (PDI, hPDI and uPDI, respectively), dietary diversity score (DDS), unprocessed/minimally processed foods (MPF) and ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption and Mediterranean diet (MD) score. DNAm was analyzed in white blood cells using the Infinium MethylationEPIC v1.0 BeadChip kit. After filtering by a variance &gt;0.36, we have worked with 5,261 CpG sites. We found four false discovery rate (FDR)-significant correlations between nutrients and CpGs sites: cg00167275 (<em>GLUD1</em>) correlated with alcohol, cg05218090 with folic acid, cg16682935 (<em>PAPSS2</em>) with selenium, and cg09821790 (<em>SLC7A6</em>) with fish food. One differentially methylated region (DMR) located at zinc finger protein gene 57 (<em>ZFP57</em>) was closely related to obesity and specific nutrients, food groups, and diet quality indices. The regression models of diet quality based on DNAm demonstrated that the most predictive values were when UPF and hPDI were considered. Also, UPF and hPDI were the best indices for predicting the main cardiometabolic risk factors. Our finding suggests that specific nutrients and diet quality indices may influence the degree of DNAm and putatively, the metabolic health in Spanish individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109805"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural molecule isoliquiritigenin mitigates MASH and liver fibrosis in mice by promoting autophagy through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway","authors":"Rong Liu ,&nbsp;Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Min Liu ,&nbsp;Zhiyin Shang ,&nbsp;Shu Song ,&nbsp;Yajun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingqun Zhou ,&nbsp;Chuantao Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a flavonoid derived from licorice root, has diverse biological and pharmacological properties. This study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects and mechanism of action of ISL on the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). C57BL/6 mice fed a chow diet or choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) received ISL (10 mg/kg) or vehicle daily via oral administration. To further explore the mechanism of ISL in MASH pathogenesis, AML12 cells were exposed to palmitic acid (PA) as an <em>in vitro</em> model of lipid toxicity. The results showed that, compared with vehicle-treated mice, ISL treatment alleviated liver injury, steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in MASH mice. Moreover, ISL treatment reduced the recruitment of CD68⁺ macrophages and activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in MASH livers. <em>In vitro</em> experiments showed that ISL reduced lipid accumulation and mitigated inflammatory responses in PA-induced AML12 cells. Notably, RNA-sequencing analyses revealed that the anti-MASH effect of ISL enhanced autophagy via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. This was further validated by assessing autophagy markers in both MASH liver tissues and PA-stimulated AML12 cells in vitro. Additionally, molecular docking analysis demonstrated that the target proteins of ISL exhibited strong binding affinity to PIK3 isoforms. In conclusion, our findings highlight that ISL mitigates MASH and fibrosis in mice by promoting autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, providing reliable evidence to support further studies on MASH in humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109808"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulforaphane suppresses Aβ accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation in vascular cognitive impairment(VCI)","authors":"Cong Li ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Quan Hu ,&nbsp;Leilei Mao ,&nbsp;Yanxin Shao ,&nbsp;Mei Han ,&nbsp;Shihao Zhang ,&nbsp;Irum Ejaz ,&nbsp;Lina Mesbah ,&nbsp;Qin Tang ,&nbsp;Feifei Shang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulforaphane (Sfn) is a compound naturally found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and kale. It is well-known for its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Sfn has attracted attention for its potential health benefits, particularly its role in brain health and the potential prevention of dementia and neurodegeneration. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) are the top two causes of dementia. Cerebral vascular lesions give rise to VCI and predispose neurons to degeneration and Alzheimer's disease (AD) by Aβ accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation. In a rat model of VCI by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2VO), we tested the protective effect of the phase II enzyme inducer sulforaphane (Sfn). Sfn ameliorates vascular cognitive deficits by reducing the typical white matter injury and neural atrophy pathological changes in VCI. Moreover, for the first time, we demonstrated that it effectively reduced Aβ and toxic p-tau accumulation in VCI. The protective mechanisms of Sfn involve the induction of HO-1 expression, activation of the Akt/GSK3β pathway, and modulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression levels. Our data suggest that Sfn is a promising therapeutic compound to treat VCI and AD. It inhibits short-term neuron and white matter injuries as well as long-term Aβ and p-tau accumulation caused by cerebral vascular lesions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109803"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short term high‐fat diet induced liver ILC1 differentiation associated with the TLR9 activation","authors":"Peng-fei Hou ,&nbsp;Yu Yao ,&nbsp;Qian Bai,&nbsp;He-dong Lang,&nbsp;Yu Qin,&nbsp;Jun-dong Zhu,&nbsp;Qian-yong Zhang,&nbsp;Long Yi,&nbsp;Man-tian Mi","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The health impact of dietary fat is a significant nutritional concern. However, the effects of high-fat diet on immune system particularly the liver regional immune function remains still unclear. Liver ILC1 has been recently identified as playing crucial roles in anti-viral defense, liver regeneration, and protection against acute liver injury. Here, in a mouse model, we uncovered that short term high-fat diet for 2 weeks obviously increased the frequency and number of ILC1 in liver. The production of TNF-α and expressions of TRAIL, CXCR3 and CXCR6 were also increased. Furthermore, EASY-RNAseq and ATAC-seq of liver ILC1 clarified the transcriptome characteristics and chromatin accessibility in response to short term high-fat diet, which were involved with lymphocyte differentiation. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that accumulation of liver ILC1 induced by short term high-fat diet was dependent on a TLR9-mediated differentiation through TLR9 inhibitor. Taken together, these findings shed light on the effect and underlying mechanism of short term high-fat diet on liver ILC1 differentiation and provide nutritional strategies and theoretical basis for the liver regional immune function regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109810"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumol ameliorates alcohol and high-fat diet-induced fatty liver disease via modulation of the Ceruloplasmin/iron overload/mtDNA signaling pathway","authors":"Tingting Ding ,&nbsp;Wanqing Shen ,&nbsp;Wenhui Tao ,&nbsp;Junlu Peng ,&nbsp;Meijun Pan ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Qi ,&nbsp;Wanyu Feng ,&nbsp;Na Wei ,&nbsp;Shuguo Zheng ,&nbsp;Huanhuan Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fatty liver disease (FLD), a chronic liver disease characterized by excessive lipid deposition, is affecting more and more people worldwide owing to the increasing global incidence of obesity and heavy alcohol consumption. However, there is still no effective strategy for prevention or treatment of alcohol and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced FLD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumol on alcohol and HFD-induced FLD and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results showed that curcumol ameliorated alcohol and HFD-induced hepatocyte injury <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>, and the mechanism might be related to its up-regulation of ceruloplasmin and subsequent alleviation of iron overload. Moreover, curcumol inhibited alcohol and HFD-induced mitochondrial damage and mtDNA release in hepatocytes by modulating iron overload. Furthermore, curcumol's inhibition of mtDNA release could suppress the activation of cGAS-STING and subsequent inflammation, and this phenomenon could be reversed by cGAS overexpression. Notably, alcohol and HFD-induced mtDNA release from hepatocytes contributed to HSC activation and this effect could be weakened by curcumol. In conclusion, these findings elucidated that curcumol ameliorated alcohol and HFD-induced FLD via modulating ceruloplasmin/iron overload/mtDNA signaling pathway, which lead to the inhibition of inflammation and HSCs activation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109807"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of adding niacinamide to diets with normal and low protein levels on the immunity, antioxidant, and intestinal microbiota in growing-finishing pigs","authors":"Tianyi Lan,&nbsp;Meiya Cai,&nbsp;Sishen Wang,&nbsp;Yingying Lu,&nbsp;Zhiru Tang,&nbsp;Qingsong Tang,&nbsp;Jingchun Gao,&nbsp;Yetong Xu,&nbsp;Xie Peng,&nbsp;Zhihong Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the effects of nicotinamide (NAM) applied to diets with different crude protein levels on immune function, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal flora in growing-finishing pigs. Forty barrows (37.0±1.0 kg) were randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments (n=10 per group). The diets in the two phases consisted of a basal diet with 30 mg/kg NAM, a basal diet with 360 mg/kg NAM, a low-protein diet with 30 mg/kg NAM, and a low-protein diet with 360 mg/kg NAM. The results showed that dietary addition of 360 mg/kg NAM decreased IL-12, malondialdehyde, IgG and IgM contents in the plasma and increased total superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity in the colonic mucosa (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Supplementing the diet with 360 mg/kg NAM increased mRNA expression of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and protein expression of nuclear factor kappa-B and toll-like receptor 4 in the colonic mucosa (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). The concentrations of acetic acid and butyric acid in the colonic contents and the abundance of <em>Actinobacteriota</em> in the colon at the phylum level were significantly decreased by feeding low-protein diets (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Additionally, the addition of 360 mg/kg NAM to diets increased (<em>P</em> &lt; .05) the Sobs, Ace, and Chao indices of colonic microorganisms in pigs. Overall, the rational use of NAM can improve inflammatory status, enhance antioxidant capacity and intestinal barrier function, and increase colonic microbial diversity in growing-finishing pigs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109809"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}