Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Effects of adding niacinamide to diets with normal and low protein levels on the immunity, antioxidant, and intestinal microbiota in growing-finishing pigs","authors":"Tianyi Lan,&nbsp;Meiya Cai,&nbsp;Sishen Wang,&nbsp;Yingying Lu,&nbsp;Zhiru Tang,&nbsp;Qingsong Tang,&nbsp;Jingchun Gao,&nbsp;Yetong Xu,&nbsp;Xie Peng,&nbsp;Zhihong Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the effects of nicotinamide (NAM) applied to diets with different crude protein levels on immune function, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal flora in growing-finishing pigs. Forty barrows (37.0±1.0 kg) were randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments (n=10 per group). The diets in the two phases consisted of a basal diet with 30 mg/kg NAM, a basal diet with 360 mg/kg NAM, a low-protein diet with 30 mg/kg NAM, and a low-protein diet with 360 mg/kg NAM. The results showed that dietary addition of 360 mg/kg NAM decreased IL-12, malondialdehyde, IgG and IgM contents in the plasma and increased total superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity in the colonic mucosa (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Supplementing the diet with 360 mg/kg NAM increased mRNA expression of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and protein expression of nuclear factor kappa-B and toll-like receptor 4 in the colonic mucosa (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). The concentrations of acetic acid and butyric acid in the colonic contents and the abundance of <em>Actinobacteriota</em> in the colon at the phylum level were significantly decreased by feeding low-protein diets (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Additionally, the addition of 360 mg/kg NAM to diets increased (<em>P</em> &lt; .05) the Sobs, Ace, and Chao indices of colonic microorganisms in pigs. Overall, the rational use of NAM can improve inflammatory status, enhance antioxidant capacity and intestinal barrier function, and increase colonic microbial diversity in growing-finishing pigs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109809"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal obesity changes the small intestine endocannabinoid system and fecal metabolites of weanling rats associated with reduced intestinal permeability and impaired glucose homeostasis","authors":"Mariana M. Almeida ,&nbsp;Camila Calviño ,&nbsp;Clara F. Reis-Gomes ,&nbsp;Isabelle Lombardi ,&nbsp;Ana Laura Macedo Brand ,&nbsp;Carmen C. Pazos-Moura ,&nbsp;Rafael Garrett ,&nbsp;Marina A. Alves ,&nbsp;Isis H. Trevenzoli","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The small intestine, including the endocannabinoid system (ECS), regulates the energy homeostasis. If maternal obesity modifies the intestinal ECS of the offspring favoring metabolic disorders throughout life is unexplored. Regardless maternal insults, overaction of the ECS has been related to obesity, mainly via type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1) signaling, while type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2) signaling and the endocannabinoid-like compounds, such as oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), have been associated with anti-inflammatory effects. We hypothesized that maternal obesity changes the ECS in the small intestine of weanling rat offspring in a sex-specific manner associated with altered fecal metabolites. Female rats received a control diet (C; 9% fat) or an obesogenic diet (OD; 37.2% fat, 11.8% sucrose) 9 weeks before mating, gestation and lactation. Offspring were euthanized at weaning. Maternal obesity increased CB2 protein content and mRNA levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in the small intestine in male offspring, while decreased fecal content of PEA and OEA in both sexes. Maternal obesity decreased gut permeability, but impaired glycemic homeostasis. Concerning fecal levels of γ-aminobutyric acid, amino acids and hypoxanthine, maternal obesity induced a fecal signature related to inflammatory and glycemic homeostasis impairment and dysbiosis. Maternal obesity induced intestinal inflammation and the signaling of CB2, PEA, and OEA might be part of a counter-regulatory response, contributing to reduced gut permeability, but not enough to avoid overweight and glycemic impairment in the offspring at weaning. Our findings provide molecular insights into the intestinal and fecal biomarkers for metabolic disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109802"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neohesperidin protects against colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice via suppression of the NF-κB/p65 and MAPK pathways","authors":"Xingyue Cao ,&nbsp;Lingling Li ,&nbsp;Jianing Hu ,&nbsp;Shuhui Zhu,&nbsp;Shuang Song,&nbsp;Siwei Kong,&nbsp;Li Zhou,&nbsp;Yefei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of developing colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Neohesperidin (NHP), a flavanone glycoside derived from citrus fruits, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer potential. However, the function of NHP on tumorigenesis has not been well understood. To investigate the potential chemopreventive effects of NHP on CAC development, an in vivo azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model was used and NHP was administered by daily gavage for 10 weeks throughout the model period. In this study, we found that NHP effectively ameliorated AOM/DSS-induced pathological symptoms of colitis and thus inhibited colon tumorigenesis in mice. NHP treatment attenuated tumor proliferation, induced apoptosis, and inhibited angiogenesis during CAC development. In addition, NHP inhibited macrophage infiltration and reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and COX-2 at both mRNA and protein levels, and the higher the concentration of NHP, the better the inhibition. It is worth noting that the positive therapeutic agent mesalazine (100 mg/kg) had a therapeutic effect comparable to that of a low concentration of NHP (50 mg/kg), but less effective than the same concentration of NHP (100 mg/kg). In addition, NHP may exert anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects by inhibiting the NF-κB/p65 and ERK/p38 MAPK pathways. Our findings highlight the potential of NHP as a potential therapeutic candidate for IBD and CAC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109804"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal choline supplementation enhances metabolic outcomes with differential impact on DNA methylation in Wistar rat offspring and dams","authors":"Jianzhang Dong ,&nbsp;Gia V. Shelp ,&nbsp;Elizabeth M. Poole ,&nbsp;William J.J. Cook ,&nbsp;Jana Michaud ,&nbsp;Clara E. Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Choline is an essential nutrient required for proper functioning of organs and serves as a methyl donor. In liver where choline metabolism primarily occurs, glucose homeostasis is regulated through insulin receptor substrates (IRS) 1 and 2. The objective of this research was to determine the role of prenatal choline as a modulator of metabolic health and DNA methylation in liver of offspring and dams. Pregnant Wistar rat dams were fed an AIN-93G diet and received drinking water either with supplemented 0.25% choline (w/w) as choline bitartrate or untreated control. All offspring were weaned to a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Prenatal choline supplementation led to higher insulin sensitivity in female offspring at weaning as well as lower body weight and food intake and higher insulin sensitivity in female and male adult offspring compared to offspring from untreated dams. Higher hepatic betaine concentrations were observed in dams and female offspring of choline-supplemented dams at weaning and higher glycerophosphocholine in female and male offspring at postweaning compared to the untreated control, suggestive of sustaining different choline pathways. Hepatic gene expression of <em>Irs2</em> was higher in dams at weaning and female offspring at weaning and postweaning, whereas <em>Irs1</em> was lower in male offspring at postweaning. Gene-specific DNA methylation of <em>Irs2</em> was lower in female offspring at postweaning and <em>Irs1</em> methylation was higher in male offspring at postweaning that exhibited an inverse relationship between methylation and gene expression. In conclusion, prenatal choline supplementation contributes to improved parameters of insulin signaling but these effects varied across time and offspring sex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109806"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trans 10, cis 12-conjugated linoleic acid in low concentration reduces while in high concentration enhances adipocyte metabolism but effectively improves hepatic steatosis of obese mice","authors":"Yu Rao ,&nbsp;Shuai Yu ,&nbsp;Luwen Liang ,&nbsp;Qi Wang,&nbsp;Jiaqi Lu,&nbsp;Baozhu Wang,&nbsp;Kemian Gou","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trans 10, cis 12-conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12-CLA)-producing mice were used to investigate the antiobesity of obese males. Compared to wild-type littermates, high concentration t10c12-CLA in biallelic Pai/Pai mice reduced fat by up-regulation lipid metabolism in white adipose tissue (WAT). In contrast, low concentration t10c12-CLA in monoallelic Pai/wt mice could not reduce fat for down-regulation lipid metabolism in WAT. Simultaneously, t10c12-CLA enhanced thermogenesis and beta-oxidation in brown adipose tissue, alleviated steatosis by declining lipid metabolism in the liver, and lowered circulating triglycerides. On the other hand, low concentration t10c12-CLA specifically resulted in decreased circulating fibroblast growth factor 21, elevated glucose and high-density lipoprotein, whereas high concentration t10c12-CLA specifically increased circulating and hepatic cholesterol levels via up-regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor in the liver. In conclusion, high concentration t10c12-CLA enhances local lipid metabolism in WAT and leads to fat loss, whereas low concentration t10c12-CLA attenuates the enzymic activities in WAT and fails to reduce fat. T10c12-CLA can effectively and concentration independently improve steatosis by attenuating hepatic lipid metabolism. These results suggest that low concentration of t10c12-CLA is beneficial, but high concentration is unfavorable to obese male mammals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109801"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposed receptor-mediated mechanisms of melatonin in nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like hyperalgesic conditions in rats","authors":"Erkan Kilinc ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Ethem Torun ,&nbsp;Yasemin Baranoglu Kilinc ,&nbsp;Fatma Töre","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melatonin has a therapeutic effect on migraine, but the mechanisms underlying its antimigraine effect have not been elucidated. This study therefore investigated for the first time the receptor-mediated mechanisms of action of melatonin in nitroglycerin (NTG)- induced migraine-like hyperalgesic conditions in rats. Melatonin, nonselective MT1/MT2 antagonist luzindole, selective MT2 antagonist DH97 or potent MT3 antagonist prazosin, alone or in various combinations, were administered to NTG-induced migraine rats and ex-vivo meningeal preparations. Basal and drug-treated pain behaviors were assessed with the von-Frey test. CGRP levels in the trigeminal ganglia, trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) and ex-vivo superfusate medium, as well as c-fos level in the TNC, were measured by ELISA. Meningeal mast cells were stained with toluidine-blue and examined histologically for their activation and count. Melatonin mitigated mechanical hyperalgesia, and c-fos and CGRP expression in the TNC, CGRP expression in trigeminal ganglia, CGRP release from meningeal afferents, all of which were induced by NTG, and also suppressed NTG-stimulated meningeal mast cell activation. The effects of melatonin were abolished in the presence of luzindole and DH97, respectively. However, prazosin did not reverse the effects of melatonin except for mechanical hyperalgesia. Luzindole and DH97 in combinations with prazosin also canceled the effects of melatonin, respectively, other than CGRP expression in the TNC. Melatonin exerts its anti-hyperalgesic effects through modulation of trigeminal expression and meningeal release of CGRP, and meningeal mast cell activation in experimental migraine-like conditions. The effects of melatonin are mainly mediated by MT2 receptors, without excluding a possible role for MT1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109800"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal supplementation spermidine during gestation improves placental angiogenesis and reproductive performance of high prolific sows","authors":"Bingbing Duan ,&nbsp;Sijiao Ran ,&nbsp;Lin Wu ,&nbsp;Tianci Dai ,&nbsp;Jian Peng ,&nbsp;Yuanfei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spermidine (SPD) is a widely recognized polyamine compound found in mammalian cells and plays a key role in various cellular processes. We propose that SPD may enhance placental vascular development in pregnant sows, leading to increased birth weight of piglets. Six hundred and nine sows at 60 days of gestation were randomly assigned into a basal diet (CON group), basal diet supplemented 10 mg/kg of SPD (SPD1 group), and basal diet supplemented 20 mg/kg of SPD (SPD2 group), respectively. Compared with the CON, SPD1 significantly increased the average number of healthy piglets per litter and the placental efficiency (<em>P</em> &lt; .05), while the average number of mummified fetus per litter and the percentage of weak piglets significantly decreased (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). In the plasma metabolomics, SPD content in plasma of sows (<em>P</em> = .075) and umbilical cord plasma of piglets (<em>P</em> = .078) had an increasing trend in response to SPD1. Furthermore, SPD1 increased the expression of the vascular endothelial cell marker protein, platelet endothelial cell adhesionmolecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31) and the density of placental stromal vessels (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Moreover, as compared to CON, SPD2 significantly decreased the average number of mummified fetus per litter (<em>P</em> &lt; .05), while the placental efficiency and the expression of amino acid transporter solute carrier (SLC) family 7, member7 (<em>SLC7A7</em>) and glucose transporters <em>SLC2A2</em>) and <em>SLC5A4</em> in placental tissue significantly increased (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). These results suggest that maternal supplementation of SPD during pregnancy increased healthy litter number, and promoted placental tissue development. Our findings provide evidence that maternal SPD has the potential to improve the production performance of sows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109792"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral administration of PIISVYWK and FSVVPSPK peptides attenuates obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation in high fat diet-induced obese mice","authors":"Indyaswan T. Suryaningtyas ,&nbsp;Chathuri K. Marasinghe ,&nbsp;Bonggi Lee ,&nbsp;Jae-Young Je","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bioactive peptides PIISVYWK (P1) and FSVVPSPK (P2), derived from the blue mussel Mytilus edulis, exhibit significant benefits in combating obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This study demonstrates that these peptides inhibit the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) into adipocytes by downregulating the adipogenic transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1). Furthermore, P1 and P2 reduce lipogenesis and enhance lipolysis through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). These peptides also decrease intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation during adipogenesis and inhibit the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, thereby reducing inflammation. The involvement of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in this mechanism is confirmed by the reversal of these effects upon HO-1 inhibition. In vivo, oral administration of P1 and P2 in high-fat diet (HFD) obese mice prevents weight gain, reduces adipose tissue accumulation, lowers adipogenic and lipogenic biomarkers, improves serum cholesterol levels, enhances lipolysis, and decreases pro-inflammatory cytokine production. These findings suggest that P1 and P2 peptides may effectively prevent obesity and related metabolic disorders by activating the HO-1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109791"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell and spatial transcriptomes reveal the impact of maternal low protein diet on follicular cell composition and ovarian micro-environment in the offspring","authors":"Zheng-Hui Zhao ,&nbsp;Lin-Jian Gu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Guohui Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhen-Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Xiang-Hong Ou ,&nbsp;Qing-Yuan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal low protein diet around pregnancy reduces the primordial follicles in offspring ovary. Resolving cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with low protein diet is therefore urgently needed for the guidance of dietary interventions. Here, we utilized single-cell and spatial RNA-seq to create transcriptomic atlases of offspring ovaries from maternal low protein diet mice. Analysis of cell type specific low protein diet associated transcriptional changes revealed increased unfolded protein and decreased oxidative phosphorylation defense as a hallmark of low protein diet effects. Altered pathways included hedgehog signaling in granulosa cells, BMP signaling in theca cells and PTN signaling in early theca cells. Notably, the disordered follicular cell function and ovarian microenvironment may closely corelated with decreased follicular number and quality. Collectively, our findings depict the transcriptomic atlases of the offspring ovary derived from maternal low protein diet group and provide candidate molecular mechanisms underlying the complex ovarian cell changes conferred by low protein diet.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109789"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PBMC transcriptome reveals an early metabolic risk profile in young rats with metabolically obese, normal-weight phenotype","authors":"Carmen García-Ruano ,&nbsp;Andrea Costa ,&nbsp;Andreu Palou ,&nbsp;Paula Oliver","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolically obese, normal-weight (MONW) phenotype is characterized by visceral adiposity and obesity-related complications despite the absence of excess body weight. Early identification of this phenotype is crucial to establish preventive strategies. We aim to validate the utility of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) transcriptome to detect metabolic risk related to the MONW phenotype at early life stages (young adulthood). Male Wistar rats were pair-fed either standard (NW group) or a high-fat diet (MONW group) after weaning, until 3.5 months. Global gene expression was examined by microarray in PBMC, and specific genes of interest by RT-qPCR in PBMC and liver. Results were validated in adult 6-month-old MONW rats. Young MONW animals had similar weight to controls (NW group) but greater adiposity, including liver fat content, and insulin resistance signs. PBMC transcriptome distinguished clearly MONW from NW rats. Neurological pathways were affected in line with impaired cognition in these animals. Most top-regulated genes were related to inflammation, including the top-up and down-regulated genes, <em>Hpgds</em> and <em>Slfn4</em>. Expression of fatty liver-related genes like <em>Mkrn1</em> and <em>Nampt</em> was also affected in PBMC of the young MONW group mirroring liver alteration. <em>Slfn4</em> and <em>Mkrn1</em> appeared as especially relevant biomarkers with altered expression also in PBMC of adult 6-month-old MONW rats. In conclusion, PBMC transcriptomic analysis emerges as a tool for identifying early biomarkers of obesity-related metabolic risk in young and apparently healthy (lean) subjects, pointing towards increased inflammation, liver fat deposition, and cognitive alterations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 109790"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}