Journal of oral rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Relationship Between Swallowing Frequency and Swallowing-Related Muscle Mass in Older Adults.","authors":"Haruna Kawamichi, Aya Obana, Kanji Nohara, Nobukazu Tanaka, Takayoshi Sakai","doi":"10.1111/joor.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Older adults have decreased swallowing-related muscle mass, which may lead to decreased swallowing function. One of the causes of this decrease in muscle mass in older adults is a decrease in swallowing frequency.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between swallowing frequency and swallowing-related muscle mass.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 84 older adults residing in long-term care beds or elderly care facilities. The correlation between swallowing frequency measured by detecting swallowing sounds from laryngeal sounds and the coronal cross-sectional area of the geniohyoid muscle (GM) measured using an ultrasound diagnostic device was examined. Additionally, multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between GM muscle mass and factors that may influence muscle mass, including sex, age, nutrition (body mass index), total body muscle mass (thigh muscle thickness [TMT]) and swallowing frequency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant positive correlation (r = 0.437, p < 0.001) was found between swallowing frequency and GM mass. A multivariate analysis including other factors revealed that sex (β = 0.482, p < 0.001), TMT (β = 0.272, p < 0.005) and swallowing frequency (β = 0.193, p < 0.05) were significantly correlated with GM mass.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study indicated that GM mass differed by sex and was correlated with whole-body muscle mass; furthermore, the findings suggest that it is also influenced by localised activity, specifically swallowing frequency.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Study on the Estimation of Bite Force Using Electromyograms of the Masticatory Muscles.","authors":"Sota Takahashi, Taihiko Yamaguchi, Toshinori Nakajima, Masana Maeda, Miku Saito, Tomoya Ishimaru, Saki Mikami, Akihito Gotouda","doi":"10.1111/joor.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It has not been established how electromyographic (EMG) data of masticatory muscles can estimate bite force (BF) during daily activities at home, such as eating and bruxism, utilising the EMG-BF correlation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between actual BF and BF estimated using corresponding EMG data and additional information on BF and EMG measured on a separate day.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 16 volunteers. The unilateral masseteric EMG was recorded during clenching tasks at 10 levels of force up to maximum voluntary clenching (MVC) twice on separate days (Day 1, Day 2). BF was simultaneously measured using a pressure-sensitive occlusal film. The regression equation between the BF and EMG amplitude was calculated on Day 1. Estimated BF on Day 2 was calculated using information on the EMG amplitude on Day 2 (EMG-amp), Day 1 BF at the MVC, and Day 1 regression equation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Actual value of BF showed a small correlation coefficient with EMG-amp, whereas strong correlations were observed with the estimated values additionally using information of Day 1 BF at the MVC. The estimated BF additionally using information of Day 1 regression equation adjusted by the ratio of EMG at the MVC on Day 1 to that of Day 2 showed the smallest error, indicating the power to estimate BF using corresponding EMG data became further improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The obtained findings suggest the possibility of the clinical method estimating BF using corresponding EMG data with the additional information of EMG and BF on a separate day.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Oral Health and Physical Frailty in an Adult Community-Dwelling Caucasian Population.","authors":"Natalia Falidea, Kalliopi Konstantopoulou, Marina Kotsani, George Soulis, Martin Schimmel, Argy Polychronopoulou, Anastassia Kossioni","doi":"10.1111/joor.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although oral diseases and frailty can be met earlier in life, there is limited information on their association across the lifespan.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To scope for the association of oral factors with physical frailty in Greek community-dwelling adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were over 18 years of age with ≥ 20 natural teeth, ≥ 10 occlusal contacts, and no removable dentures. Oral interviews recorded sociodemographic, medical and oral factors and unhealthy habits. Physical frailty was assessed using the Physical Frailty Phenotype (PFP) adapted to age and sex. Oral examination recorded dental status, periodontal disease, oral diadochokinesis (ODK), maximum bite force, maximum tongue pressure, masticatory performance, swallowing function (Repetitive Saliva Swallowing test, RRST) and dry mouth. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted using PFP as the dependent variable, categorised as robust and prefrail/frail status (p ≤ 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty persons participated in the study with a mean age of 52.8 ± 17.7 years (range: 20-84 years). Thirty-three (55%) were classified as prefrail/frail based on PFP. In the univariate analyses, lower Total MNA Score (p = 0.007), higher Clinical Oral Dryness Score (p = 0.017), and higher Xerostomia Inventory score (p = 0.044) were statistically significantly associated with prefrailty/frailty. Severe periodontitis (p = 0.063), ODK/pa (p = 0.059), and lower RSST Score (p = 0.072) were marginally significantly associated with prefrailty/frailty. The multivariable logistic regression analysis did not reveal any statistically significant associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multivariable statistical analysis did not reveal statistically significant associations between oral health and PFP in Greek community-dwelling adults. Significant associations based on univariate analyses should be further explored in larger samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-Histo-Cytological Evaluation of Oral Tissues in Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Systematic Review.","authors":"André Luís Porporatti, Ângela Graciela Deliga Schroder, Ashley Lebel, Nathan Moreau, Annabelle Réaux-Le Goazigo, Ihsène Taïhi, Heike Rittner, Tara Renton, Yves Boucher","doi":"10.1111/joor.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is an idiopathic condition characterised by chronic oral burning pain without clinically evident lesions. Despite its prevalence and impact on quality of life, the pathophysiology of BMS remains poorly understood, limiting diagnostic and therapeutic options.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically review histological, morphological and cytological changes in oral tissues of BMS patients, with a focus on epithelial cells and nerve fibres, to identify potential biomarkers and inform future research directions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of electronic databases and grey literature was conducted through October 2024, identifying case-control studies assessing histological or cytological features of oral tissues in adults diagnosed with BMS according to validated criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool, and evidence quality was evaluated with GRADE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen studies involving 214 BMS patients and 130 controls were included. Findings consistently reported reduced epithelial nerve fibre density and increased expression of nociceptive markers such as TRPV1, NGF and P2X3 in BMS tissues. Subepithelial alterations, including increased keratinisation and altered expression of cannabinoid receptors (CB1/CB2), were also observed. Methodological heterogeneity and risk of bias were notable, precluding meta-analysis. The overall quality of evidence was very low.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Histological evidence supports neuropathic changes in BMS, involving both neuronal and non-neuronal cells. While these biomarkers hold promise for understanding BMS pathogenesis, standardisation of techniques and further research, including development of animal models, is needed to establish diagnostic and therapeutic utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Effects of Counselling Versus Occlusal Splint Therapy in TMD Pain Patients on Neck Pain and Dysfunction: A Randomised Trial.","authors":"Roberta Cimino, Rosaria Bucci, Roberto Rongo, Ambrosina Michelotti, Andrea Deregibus","doi":"10.1111/joor.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Cervical spine impairments are frequent findings among patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Previous studies have demonstrated that treatments targeting the upper cervical region can improve pain symptoms in patients with TMD. The aim of the current study was to assess whether counselling alone and counselling plus occlusal splint therapy can also provide relief for coexisting neck pain.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Consecutive adult patients with TMD pain and neck dysfunction were randomised into one treatment group (counselling only-C, or counselling plus occlusal splint-OS). Neck pain was measured using a VAS scale, while neck disability was computed using the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Treatment outcomes were measured after 3-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven patients were recruited for the C group (5 males, 22 females, mean age ± SD: 36.5 ± 11.8 years), while 24 belonged to the OS group (3 males, 21 females, mean age ± SD: 35.5 ± 12.5 years). After the interventions, neck pain score and NDI were significantly reduced in both groups, and no between-groups difference was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both counselling alone and along with occlusal splint therapy effectively reduce neck pain and improve neck function in TMD patients. The findings suggest that occlusal splint does not provide any additional value, as compared to counselling alone, in the achievement of the treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of Individuals With Temporomandibular Disorders About Associated Symptoms and Pain Management Strategies: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Jene Caroline Silva Marçal, Luana Maria Ramos Mendes, Milena Dietrich Deitos Rosa, Lidiane Lima Florencio, Domingo Palacios-Ceña, Débora Bevilaqua-Grossi","doi":"10.1111/joor.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is an important source of orofacial pain, which is associated with other symptoms. Due to the chronicity of the condition, self-management strategies are often required. However, little is known about participants' perspectives on the overlapping symptoms and the strategies used to manage facial pain.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the perspectives of participants with TMD on the characteristics, beliefs and coping of associated symptoms and what their self-management strategies are for facial pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study. Thirty-two individuals with an average age of 28.3 years diagnosed with TMD according to the DC/TMD were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was used to identify, organise and describe the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five themes were identified: (1) associated symptoms experienced; (2) participant's beliefs; (3) identifying relationships between symptoms; (4) professional management strategies; and (5) daily coping strategies. Participants described their perspectives on headache, neck pain, tinnitus and other jaw symptoms (e.g., fatigue) and the negative interaction between them. Psychological, work-related and mechanical factors appear among possible causes. The use of self-medication and/or non-pharmacological strategies was common for all symptoms, with little search for health professionals. The only exception was tinnitus, where the search for professionals was mentioned based on the fear of something more serious.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Perceptions of associated symptoms and their additional impact, beliefs that can perpetuate chronic conditions and self-management strategies obtained from an individual's perspective may help health professionals to provide more appropriate care for individuals with TMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Clear Aligners on Awareness of Tooth Clenching.","authors":"Grace Francois, Mauro Farella, Hamza Bennani","doi":"10.1111/joor.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Clear aligners (CAs) are an increasingly popular treatment option in modern dentistry, yet surprisingly little is known about their potential unwanted side effects. Previous observations suggest that CAs may induce tooth clenching, which, in turn, could lead to masticatory muscle discomfort or pain. Nevertheless, available information is mainly subjective, anecdotal, and contradictory. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of wearing passive CAs on both objectively measured tooth clenching and the awareness of tooth clenching during stress-inducing tasks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one study participants completed a 10-min stress-inducing mental arithmetic task, both with and without the passive CAs in place. During these tasks, masticatory muscle activity (MMA) was continuously recorded to objectively assess clenching. Following completion of each task, participants rated their perceived clenching and stress using visual-analogue scales. After the final task, they completed the Oral Behaviours and Somatization Questionnaire. Spearman's correlation and mixed models were used for the statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Wearing CAs did not significantly affect MMA or perceived clenching. MMA was not associated with self-reported oral behaviours, but a significant association was found with somatisation scores (p < 0.05). Individuals with higher somatisation scores experienced more MMA contraction episodes compared to those with lower scores (R = 0.47; p = 0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Wearing an aligner does not influence either perceived or objectively assessed clenching over the short term. Self-reported clenching is not a reliable measure of actual clenching behaviours. Somatisation appears to be a key mediator in the relationship between clenching and clear aligner wear.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Condylar Remodelling After Mandibular Advancement in Mice With Normal Nasal Breathing and Unilateral Nasal Obstruction.","authors":"Yun Hu, Hegang Li","doi":"10.1111/joor.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Normal nasal breathing is crucial for the harmonious growth of craniofacial bones, whereas obstructed nasal breathing not only hampers craniofacial growth but also induces chronic systemic hypoxia. This study compared the effects of mandibular advancement (MA) on condylar remodelling under normal nasal breathing (NNB) and unilateral nasal obstruction (UNO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty 12-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into NNB, UNO, NNB + MA and UNO + MA groups. The UNO model was established by blocking the left nostril of the mice. The NNB mice underwent a sham operation, in which a plug was inserted and immediately removed. The MA model was established by periodically trimming the mandibular incisors of the mice. Femurs and mandibles were collected on day 31 for morphological, bone mass, histological, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the NNB + MA group, the mice in the UNO + MA group had no statistically significant differences in body weight, femoral length, femoral bone density, mandibular length, condylar length, mandibular angle and condylar bone density. However, the UNO + MA group exhibited an increase in condylar bone formation volume and thickening of the condylar cartilage layer, along with elevated expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, H-type vessels and Osterix⁺ cells within the subchondral bone of the condyle.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The increase in condylar bone formation in the UNO + MA group was significantly higher than that in the NNB + MA group. Mechanistically, the MA under UNO condition thickens the condylar cartilage layer and facilitates the upregulation of HIF-1α expression in the condylar subchondral bone, thereby promoting the coupling between H-type angiogenesis and osteogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporomandibular Disorder Symptoms in Prospective Orthodontic Patients: Correlations With Treatment Needs, Psychosocial Distress, Jaw Function and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life.","authors":"Adrian Ujin Yap, Aziz Khakimov, Abd Aziz Alias, Kathreena Kadir, Zamri Bin Radzi","doi":"10.1111/joor.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emerging research suggests that reduced Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in orthodontic patients may be more closely linked to Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) than malocclusion severity.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study assessed the burden and severity of TMD symptoms in prospective orthodontic patients, examined their relationships with malocclusion severity, somatic symptoms, psychological distress, jaw function and OHRQoL, and identified factors associated with high jaw functional limitation (JFL) and low OHRQoL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants completed a survey covering demographics, the Five TMD Symptoms-Burden screener, Short-form Fonseca Anamnestic Index, Somatic Symptom Scale-8, Patient Health Questionnaire-4, Jaw Functional Limitation Scale-8 and Oral Health Impact Profile-14. Data were matched to the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and nature of malocclusion, then analysed using Chi-square/non-parametric tests and multivariate regression (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 296 participants (mean age 21.6 [SD = 5.6]; 58.1% female), 40.2% had no TMD symptoms, while 15.4% experienced intra-articular, 8.8% pain-related and 35.5% combined symptoms. Significant differences in age, within-race patterns, TMD symptom burden/severity, IOTN-aesthetic component, somatic symptom burden, psychological distress, JFL and OHRQoL were observed. Moderate correlations were found between TMD burden and TMD severity, somatic burden and OHRQoL (r_s = 0.45-0.67), as well as between TMD severity and somatic burden (r_s = 0.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High JFL was significantly associated with age, sex, race, TMD symptom severity and the nature of malocclusion. Conversely, low OHRQoL was significantly related to age, somatic symptom burden and JFL. Routine TMD screening is essential for prospective orthodontic patients given their high prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144957391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic Inequalities in Oral Frailty Among Older Adults: A Causal Mediation Analysis on the Role of Prevention From Tooth Loss.","authors":"Mieko Fujita, Kenji Takeuchi, Yudai Tamada, Taro Kusama, Tatsuo Yamamoto, Katsunori Kondo, Ken Osaka","doi":"10.1111/joor.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although social inequalities in oral health have been suggested, the link between socioeconomic status (SES) and oral frailty (OF) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the inequalities in OF according to SES and the extent to which inequalities are mitigated by preventing tooth loss.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used cross-sectional data from 21 542 functionally independent participants aged ≥ 65 (48.5% men) from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. The prevalence of OF, number of teeth, and educational attainment (EA) and equivalent income (EI) were used as outcome, mediator and explanatory variables, respectively. A Poisson regression model was used to examine the association between SES and OF. Causal mediation analysis was performed to calculate the prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the controlled direct effects (CDEs) of the number of teeth. The proportion eliminated (PE) of the ≥ 20 remaining teeth was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall 7984 participants had OF. The prevalence of OF was 1.45 times higher in participants with ≤ 9 years of EA and 1.38 times higher in participants with an EI of < $20.000. The estimated total effect (TE) of low EA or low EI on the prevalence of OF was mediated by the number of teeth (TE PR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.25-1.35]; CDE PR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.10-1.33]; PE, 28.2%) or (TE PR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.22-1.31]; CDE PR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.14-1.32]; PE, 12.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OF showed a clear social gradient based on SES. However, this association could be mediated by the remaining ≥ 20 teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}