{"title":"Fetal Acidemia Prediction Using a Random Forest Model With Cumulative Fetal Stress Assessment During Labor","authors":"Ayumu Ito, Yoko Nagayasu, Rei Mitsuhashi, Mio Kamiya, Eijiro Hayata, Masahiko Nakata","doi":"10.1111/jog.70467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70467","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To improve prediction of fetal acidemia during labor using a random forest model incorporating cumulative fetal stress assessment, focusing on an umbilical cord arterial pH < 7.20 as an early clinically relevant threshold.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective case-enriched model development study was conducted at Toho University Omori Medical Center. Data were collected from full-term vaginal deliveries between January 2017 and June 2021 for cases with umbilical cord arterial pH < 7.20 and between September 2018 and April 2019 for those with pH ≥ 7.20. Fetal acidemia was defined as pH < 7.20 to account for the time gap between fetal heart rate–based prediction and actual pH measurement at birth. A random forest model was developed using fetal heart rate data, including all decelerations within 30 min before delivery. Model performance was evaluated using five-fold cross-validation. Two datasets were created: Dataset 1 included fetal heart rate data alone, whereas Dataset 2 additionally included maternal and perinatal factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dataset 1 achieved a test accuracy of 91.0% and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.95. Dataset 2 showed improved test accuracy of 93.0% with a similar AUC. Variable importance analysis identified variability as the strongest predictor, followed by the duration of mild and severe prolonged decelerations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this case-enriched derivation dataset, a random forest model incorporating cumulative CTG-derived fetal stress variables showed high discrimination for umbilical artery pH < 7.20. External validation in independent consecutive populations is required before clinical implementation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Letter to “Irisin Improves Endometrial Receptivity in Obese Rats Through the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway”","authors":"Gang Hu","doi":"10.1111/jog.70461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70461","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Case of Metastatic Choriocarcinoma Characterized Primarily by Splenic Hemorrhage","authors":"Lanting Deng, Shang Wu, Hairong Xiong, JinKui Li","doi":"10.1111/jog.70460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70460","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant gestational trophoblastic tumor primarily affecting women of childbearing age, which can occur following either molar or non-molar pregnancies. Although this aggressive malignancy frequently metastasizes to the lungs, vagina, and brain, involvement of the spleen, leading to splenic hemorrhage is extremely rare. This case report describes a 30-year-old woman who experienced splenic rupture and bleeding due to splenic metastasis from choriocarcinoma. The diagnosis was established through clinical presentation and imaging studies, and confirmed by histopathological examination of the resected spleen specimen. The patient successfully underwent surgery, received chemotherapy, and achieved significant clinical improvement. The rarity of splenic hemorrhage resulting from choriocarcinoma metastasis underscores the importance of considering choriocarcinoma in the differential diagnosis of non-traumatic splenic bleeding, particularly in women of reproductive age. Early diagnosis along with timely surgical intervention and chemotherapy are crucial for preventing severe complications and improving patient prognosis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond Working Conditions: Appealing the Fundamental Charm of Obstetrics and Gynecology","authors":"Shigeki Matsubara","doi":"10.1111/jog.70468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70468","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Case of Uterine Arteriovenous Fistula Associated With Adenomyosis and Pregnancy","authors":"Yuance Xu, Guochao Jiang, Linlin Zhang, Zheyu Song, Shuang Guo, Xingwei Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jog.70453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70453","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Uterine arteriovenous fistula (UAVF) associated with adenomyosis during pregnancy is a rare, life-threatening condition. This report describes a 36-year-old woman with adenomyosis who conceived through in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer and experienced recurrent vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy, followed by spontaneous miscarriage at 14 weeks. One month post-miscarriage, she developed a delayed massive hemorrhage. Color Doppler ultrasound revealed mosaic blood flow signals and high-velocity low-resistance spectra (resistance index 0.52) within the myometrium, confirming acquired UAVF. Emergency uterine artery embolization achieved successful hemostasis while preserving bilateral uterine artery trunks. Menstruation resumed 3 months postoperatively. This case raises the hypothesis of a possible association between adenomyosis and pregnancy-related UAVF. In patients with adenomyosis who are pregnant, recurrent early bleeding that is unresponsive to conservative therapy should raise suspicion for underlying vascular abnormalities, and color Doppler ultrasound evaluation may be warranted. Delayed explosive post-miscarriage hemorrhage refractory to uterotonics is characteristic. UAE is the preferred fertility-sparing treatment, with individualized embolization strategies and long-term follow-up essential.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risk of Postoperative Recurrence in Patients With Unusual Smooth Muscle Neoplasia and Construction of a Prediction Model","authors":"Weiwei Hu, Shiying Wu, Jingxi Zhang, Yueran Li, Xiangyang Zeng, Songshu Xiao","doi":"10.1111/jog.70439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70439","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify the risk factors associated with postoperative recurrence of unusual (special-type) uterine smooth muscle neoplasia (USMN) and to construct and interpret a machine-learning model for recurrence risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We carried out a retrospective review of patients who had myomectomy for uterine masses at the Third Xiangya Hospital between January 2015 and December 2024, zeroing in on those with paraffin-confirmed special variants—specifically cellular, atypical/bizarre, and vascular leiomyomas. After a negative transvaginal ultrasound at the 3-month mark, we tracked recurrence over the next 12 months, assigning patients to either the recurrence or non-recurrence groups. The full cohort was randomly split 7:3 into a training set and a hold-out validation set. For missing data within the training portion, we turned to random forest imputation. To pin down the most relevant predictors, we first ran LASSO regression for screening, then solidified our choices using multivariable logistic regression. On the modeling front, we put eight distinct algorithms head-to-head: logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, gradient boosting machine, XGBoost, k-nearest neighbors, AdaBoost, and a neural network. All were compared across the validation set, with a close eye on discrimination, calibration, and net benefit. The winner among them was later unpacked via SHAP to see exactly how each feature drove predictions. As for the surgical approach, we examined its link to recurrence using two separate strategies—inverse probability of treatment weighting and pairwise propensity-score matching—to ensure the association wasn't driven by confounding.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After screening 285 patients, we analyzed 248, among whom 87 (35.1%) had a recurrence within the first year. Multivariable logistic regression singled out six independent predictors: intramural location, T<sub>2</sub>WI hyperintensity, tumor multiplicity (≥ 2), size ≥ 6 cm, raised BMI, and coexisting adenomyosis (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). No significant difference in recurrence rates was observed across subtypes (cellular 35.6%, atypical 38.5%, vascular 31.0%; <i>p</i> = 0.793). Neither IPTW nor propensity-score matching revealed an independent association between surgical approach and recurrence. Of the eight models tested, GBM yielded the best performance on validation (AUC 0.785, sensitivity 0.750, F1 0.679). SHAP analysis further pinpointed those same six variables as top contributors and corroborated their effect directions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jog.70439","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Letter to “Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Awareness, HPV-Related Concern, and Fear of Cancer as Predictors of Attitudes Toward Cervical Cancer Prevention in Women”","authors":"Süleyman Özen","doi":"10.1111/jog.70465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nigella sativa (Black Seed) Oil Alleviates the Serum Levels of IL-6 and Insulin in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","authors":"Samaneh Jamshidian, Faranak Jalilvand","doi":"10.1111/jog.70442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70442","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder that affects 5%–10% of women of reproductive age. Supplements with potential anti-inflammatory properties, such as <i>Nigella sativa</i> oil, have been proposed as adjunctive therapies that may improve selected metabolic and inflammatory features of PCOS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the effect of <i>N. sativa</i> oil on serum levels of IL-6 and insulin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted on 60 PCOS patients. Patients received either <i>N. sativa</i> oil supplementation (1000 mg daily) or placebo for 12 weeks. Intermenstrual interval, menstrual duration, fasting blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and serum IL-6 levels were measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty women with PCOS were randomized equally to the intervention and placebo groups. After baseline adjustment, serum IL-6 (adjusted mean difference −4.21; 95% CI −6.34 to −2.08; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and fasting blood glucose (adjusted mean difference −8.16 mg/dL; 95% CI −12.73 to −3.58; <i>p</i> < 0.001) were significantly lower in the <i>N. sativa</i> group than in the placebo group. No significant between-group differences were observed for fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, QUICKI, luteinizing hormone, or total testosterone. The intermenstrual interval was significantly shorter in the intervention group, whereas menstrual duration and other clinical manifestations showed no significant between-group differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twelve weeks of <i>N. sativa</i> oil supplementation were associated with significant improvements in inflammatory status and fasting blood glucose compared with placebo after baseline adjustment. However, no significant between-group effects were observed for insulin resistance indices or hormonal outcomes. These findings support the potential adjunctive role of <i>N. sativa</i> oil in PCOS while highlighting the need for larger adequately powered clinical trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148754054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association Between Serum ANGPTL8 Levels and PCOS and Its Clinical Utility in Diagnosis","authors":"Yanli Wang, Chongbo Du, Xuejia Guo, Xiaowen Ma, Yanping Feng, Yandong Deng, Yuxiao Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jog.70455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70455","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To analyze the correlation between angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and explore the clinical diagnostic value of ANGPTL8 in PCOS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this retrospective case–control study, we included 94 PCOS patients (study group) from our hospital's Reproductive Center from June 2023 to December 2024 and 116 age-matched women with normal ovarian function (control group) from the Gynecology Department. Serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), sex hormones, and ANGPTL8 were measured in all participants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study group exhibited higher AMH, LH, LH/FSH ratio, and E2 levels compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Serum ANGPTL8 levels were lower in PCOS patients (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Logistic multivariate regression analysis identified BMI, AMH, LH, and ANGPTL8 as independent influencing factors for PCOS. Elevated ANGPTL8 levels were associated with reduced PCOS risk (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while increased BMI, AMH, and LH levels correlated with higher PCOS risk (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At a cutoff value of 12.871 ng/mL, ANGPTL8 demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.4%, specificity of 77.6%, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.881 (95% CI: 0.836–0.926, <i>p</i> < 0.001), indicating moderate-to-high diagnostic efficacy. The combined use of ANGPTL8 with AMH or sex hormones improved diagnostic performance compared to individual markers. Notably, the combination of ANGPTL8 and sex hormones yielded a higher AUC (0.980) than ANGPTL8 with AMH (AUC = 0.928).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum ANGPTL8 levels are significantly lower in PCOS patients and inversely associated with PCOS risk. ANGPTL8 shows promise as a novel diagnostic biomarker for PCOS, especially when integrated into multi-marker panels with existing hormonal parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148754055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RETRACTION: The Effect of Preoperative Oral Carbohydrate on the Time to Colostrum and Amount of Vaginal Bleeding after Elective Cesarean Section","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jog.70435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>RETRACTION:</b> Y. Cheng, Y. Lu, H. Liu, and C. Yang, “The Effect of Preoperative Oral Carbohydrate on the Time to Colostrum and Amount of Vaginal Bleeding after Elective Cesarean Section,” <i>The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research</i> 48, no. 10 (2022): 2534-2540, https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.15375.</p><p>The above article, published online on 26 July 2022 in Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Hiroaki Kajiyama; the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology; and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. Concerns were noted on PubPeer [1] that the present study contained a similar design and highly similar data as an earlier article by some of the same authors (Yang et al. 2021: https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000005447). The authors acknowledged that the articles were derived from the same clinical trial and that the second paper should have been clearly defined as a secondary analysis of Yang et al. (2021). The authors also noted that during the postoperative data analysis of the present study, cases with missing follow-up data were further excluded, resulting in differences in the final sample sizes compared to Yang et al. (2021). The editor observed that, if present paper had been identified as a secondary analysis of Yang et al. (2021), then it would not have been accepted in this journal. Additionally, a close examination of the present paper raised new concerns to the editors that inappropriate statistical analyses may have been performed.</p><p>Due to the reuse and overlap of data between the studies and concerns about the statistical analyses, the editor has lost confidence in the originality and accuracy of the results reported. Therefore, the article must be retracted. The authors were informed of this decision.</p><p>References</p><p>\u0000 [1] <span>Jim G Thornton</span>, “ <span>The Effect of Preoperative Oral Carbohydrate on the Time to Colostrum and Amount of Vaginal Bleeding after Elective Cesarean Section</span>,” <i>PubPeer</i><i>,</i> <span>2026</span>, https://pubpeer.com/publications/94CDB6C4A0C0A097BAA31BE63D7FBD\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jog.70435","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148754056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}