Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"A PadR family transcriptional repressor regulates the transcription of chromate efflux transporter in Enterobacter sp. Z1","authors":"Xueqi Huo, Zijie Zhou, Hongliang Liu, Gejiao Wang, Kaixiang Shi","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00117-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00117-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chromium is a prevalent toxic heavy metal, and chromate [Cr(VI)] exhibits high mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. The presence of the Cr(VI) efflux protein ChrA has been identified in strains exhibiting resistance to Cr(VI). Nevertheless, certain strains of bacteria that are resistant to Cr(VI) lack the presence of ChrB, a known regulatory factor. Here, a PadR family transcriptional repressor, ChrN, has been identified as a regulator in the response of <i>Enterobacter</i> sp. Z1(CCTCC NO: M 2019147) to Cr(VI). The <i>chrN</i> gene is cotranscribed with the <i>chrA</i> gene, and the transcriptional expression of this operon is induced by Cr(VI). The binding capacity of the ChrN protein to Cr(VI) was demonstrated by both the tryptophan fluorescence assay and Ni-NTA purification assay. The interaction between ChrN and the <i>chrAN</i> operon promoter was validated by reporter gene assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Mutation of the conserved histidine residues His14 and His50 resulted in loss of ChrN binding with the promoter of the <i>chrAN</i> operon. This observation implies that these residues are crucial for establishing a DNA-binding site. These findings demonstrate that ChrN functions as a transcriptional repressor, modulating the cellular response of strain Z1 to Cr(VI) exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140569428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological and Chemical Approaches for Controlling Harmful Microcystis Blooms","authors":"Wonjae Kim, Yerim Park, Jaejoon Jung, Che Ok Jeon, Masanori Toyofuku, Jiyoung Lee, Woojun Park","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00115-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00115-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The proliferation of harmful cyanobacterial blooms dominated by <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> has become an increasingly serious problem in freshwater ecosystems due to climate change and eutrophication. <i>Microcystis</i>-blooms in freshwater generate compounds with unpleasant odors, reduce the levels of dissolved O₂, and excrete microcystins into aquatic ecosystems, potentially harming various organisms, including humans. Various chemical and biological approaches have thus been developed to mitigate the impact of the blooms, though issues such as secondary pollution and high economic costs have not been adequately addressed. Red clays and H₂O₂ are conventional treatment methods that have been employed worldwide for the mitigation of the blooms, while novel approaches, such as the use of plant or microbial metabolites and antagonistic bacteria, have also recently been proposed. Many of these methods rely on the generation of reactive oxygen species, the inhibition of photosynthesis, and/or the disruption of cellular membranes as their mechanisms of action, which may also negatively impact other freshwater microbiota. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms of anticyanobacterial chemicals and antagonistic bacteria remain unclear. This review thus discusses both conventional and innovative approaches for the management of <i>M. aeruginosa</i> in freshwater bodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroxychloroquine an Antimalarial Drug, Exhibits Potent Antifungal Efficacy Against Candida albicans Through Multitargeting","authors":"Sargun Tushar Basrani, Tanjila Chandsaheb Gavandi, Shivani Balasaheb Patil, Nandkumar Subhash Kadam, Dhairyasheel Vasantrao Yadav, Sayali Ashok Chougule, Sankunny Mohan Karuppayil, Ashwini Khanderao Jadhav","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00111-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00111-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Candida albicans</i> is the primary etiological agent associated with candidiasis in humans. Unrestricted growth of <i>C. albicans</i> can progress to systemic infections in the worst situation<i>.</i> This study investigates the antifungal activity of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and mode of action against <i>C. albicans</i>. HCQ inhibited the planktonic growth and yeast to hyphal form morphogenesis of <i>C. albicans</i> significantly at 0.5 mg/ml concentration. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC₅₀) of HCQ for <i>C. albicans</i> adhesion and biofilm formation on the polystyrene surface was at 2 mg/ml and 4 mg/ml respectively. Various methods, such as scanning electron microscopy, exploration of the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, cell cycle analysis, and assessment of S oxygen species (ROS) generation, were employed to investigate HCQ exerting its antifungal effects. HCQ was observed to reduce ergosterol levels in the cell membranes of <i>C. albicans</i> in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HCQ treatment caused a substantial arrest of the <i>C. albicans</i> cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, which impeded normal cell growth. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of <i>SOD2</i>, <i>SOD1</i>, and <i>CAT1</i> genes after HCQ treatment, while genes like <i>HWP1</i>, <i>RAS1</i>, <i>TEC1</i>, and <i>CDC 35</i> were downregulated. The study also assessed the in vivo efficacy of HCQ in a mice model, revealing a reduction in the pathogenicity of <i>C. albicans</i> after HCQ treatment. These results indicate that HCQ holds for the development of novel antifungal therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAPK Cascades in Plant Microbiota Structure and Functioning","authors":"Thijs Van Gerrewey, Hoo Sun Chung","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00114-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00114-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are highly conserved signaling modules that coordinate diverse biological processes such as plant innate immunity and development. Recently, MAPK cascades have emerged as pivotal regulators of the plant holobiont, influencing the assembly of normal plant microbiota, essential for maintaining optimal plant growth and health. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge on MAPK cascades, from upstream perception of microbial stimuli to downstream host responses. Synthesizing recent findings, we explore the intricate connections between MAPK signaling and the assembly and functioning of plant microbiota. Additionally, the role of MAPK activation in orchestrating dynamic changes in root exudation to shape microbiota composition is discussed. Finally, our review concludes by emphasizing the necessity for more sophisticated techniques to accurately decipher the role of MAPK signaling in establishing the plant holobiont relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140569429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Microbiome Matters: Its Impact on Cancer Development and Therapeutic Responses","authors":"In-Young Chung, Jihyun Kim, Ara Koh","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00110-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00110-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the evolving landscape of cancer research, the human microbiome emerges as a pivotal determinant reshaping our understanding of tumorigenesis and therapeutic responses. Advanced sequencing technologies have uncovered a vibrant microbial community not confined to the gut but thriving within tumor tissues. Comprising bacteria, viruses, and fungi, this diverse microbiota displays distinct signatures across various cancers, with most research primarily focusing on bacteria. The correlations between specific microbial taxa within different cancer types underscore their pivotal roles in driving tumorigenesis and influencing therapeutic responses, particularly in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This review amalgamates recent discoveries, emphasizing the translocation of the oral microbiome to the gut as a potential marker for microbiome dysbiosis across diverse cancer types and delves into potential mechanisms contributing to cancer promotion. Furthermore, it highlights the adverse effects of the microbiome on cancer development while exploring its potential in fortifying strategies for cancer prevention and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sporosarcina jeotgali sp. nov., Sporosarcina oncorhynchi sp. nov., and Sporosarcina trichiuri sp. nov., Isolated from Jeotgal, a Traditional Korean Fermented Seafood","authors":"Ah-In Yang, Bora Kim, Sung-Hong Joe, Hae-In Joe, Hanna Choe, Ki Hyun Kim, Min Ok Jun, Na-Ri Shin","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00106-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00106-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Three novel, Gram-stain-positive, obligate aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive bacterial strains, designated B2O-1^T, T2O-4^T, and 0.2-SM1T-5^T, were isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Strains B2O-1^T, T2O-4^T, and 0.2-SM1T-5^T exhibited distinct colony colors, characterized by pink, yellow, and red opaque circular colonies, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that three strains formed a paraphyletic clade within the genus <i>Sporosarcina</i> and shared &lt; 99.0% similarity with <i>Sporosarcina aquimarina</i> KCTC 3840^T and <i>Sporosarcina saromensis</i> KCTC 13119^T in their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The three strains exhibiting Orthologous Average Nucleotide Identity values &lt; 79.3% and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values &lt; 23.1% within the genus <i>Sporosarcina</i> affirmed their distinctiveness. Strains B2O-1^T, T2O-4^T, and 0.2-SM1T-5^T contained MK-7 as a sole respiratory menaquinone and A4<i>α</i> type peptidoglycan based on lysine with alanine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid. The common polar lipids include diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine. Strain T2O-4^T contained one unidentified phospholipid, whereas strain 0.2-SM1T-5^T contained two unidentified phospholipids. Cellular fatty acid profiles, with C_15:0 anteiso as the major fatty acid, supported the affiliation of the three strains to the genus <i>Sporosarcina</i>. Based on the polyphasic characteristics, strains B2O-1^T (= KCTC 43506^T = JCM 36032^T), T2O-4^T (= KCTC 43489^T = JCM 36031^T), and 0.2-SM1T-5^T (= KCTC 43519^T = JCM 36034^T) represent three novel species within the genus <i>Sporosarcina</i>, named <i>Sporosarcina jeotgali</i> sp. nov., <i>Sporosarcina oncorhynchi</i> sp. nov., and <i>Sporosarcina trichiuri</i> sp. nov., respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saxibacter everestensis gen. nov., sp. nov., A Novel Member of the Family Brevibacteriaceae, Isolated from the North Slope of Mount Everest.","authors":"Mao Tian, Shiyu Wu, Wei Zhang, Gaosen Zhang, Xue Yu, Yujie Wu, Puchao Jia, Binglin Zhang, Tuo Chen, Guangxiu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00108-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12275-024-00108-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We isolated and analyzed a novel, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile actinobacterium, designated as strain ZFBP1038^T, from rock sampled on the north slope of Mount Everest. The growth requirements of this strain were 10-37 °C, pH 4-10, and 0-6% (w/v) NaCl. The sole respiratory quinone was MK-9, and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C_15:0 and iso-C_17:0. Peptidoglycan containing meso-diaminopimelic acid, ribose, and glucose were the major cell wall sugars, while polar lipids included diphosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl glycerol, an unidentified phospholipid, and an unidentified glycolipid. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain ZFBP1038^T has the highest similarity with Spelaeicoccus albus DSM 26341^T (96.02%). ZFBP1038^T formed a distinct monophyletic clade within the family Brevibacteriaceae and was distantly related to the genus Spelaeicoccus. The G + C content of strain ZFBP1038^T was 63.65 mol% and the genome size was 4.05 Mb. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization, average nucleotide identity, and average amino acid identity values between the genomes of strain ZFBP1038^T and representative reference strains were 19.3-25.2, 68.0-71.0, and 52.8-60.1%, respectively. Phylogenetic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics as well as comparative genome analyses suggested that strain ZFBP1038^T represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Saxibacter gen. nov., sp. nov. was assigned with the type strain Saxibacter everestensis ZFBP1038^T (= EE 014^T = GDMCC 1.3024^T = JCM 35335^T).</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"277-284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140039655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Insights into the Lipopolysaccharide Transport (Lpt) System as a Novel Antibiotic Target.","authors":"Yurim Yoon, Saemee Song","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00137-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12275-024-00137-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a critical component of the extracellular leaflet within the bacterial outer membrane, forming an effective physical barrier against environmental threats in Gram-negative bacteria. After LPS is synthesized and matured in the bacterial cytoplasm and the inner membrane (IM), LPS is inserted into the outer membrane (OM) through the ATP-driven LPS transport (Lpt) pathway, which is an energy-intensive process. A trans-envelope complex that contains seven Lpt proteins (LptA-LptG) is crucial for extracting LPS from the IM and transporting it across the periplasm to the OM. The last step in LPS transport involves the mediation of the LptDE complex, facilitating the insertion of LPS into the outer leaflet of the OM. As the Lpt system plays an essential role in maintaining the impermeability of the OM via LPS decoration, the interactions between these interconnected subunits, which are meticulously regulated, may be potential targets for the development of new antibiotics to combat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In this review, we aimed to provide an overview of current research concerning the structural interactions within the Lpt system and their implications to clarify the function and regulation of LPS transport in the overall process of OM biogenesis. Additionally, we explored studies on the development of therapeutic inhibitors of LPS transport, the factors that limit success, and future prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"261-275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syntaxin17 Restores Lysosomal Function and Inhibits Pyroptosis Caused by Acinetobacter baumannii.","authors":"Zhiyuan An, Wenyi Ding","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00109-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12275-024-00109-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) causes autophagy flux disorder by degrading STX17, resulting in a serious inflammatory response. It remains unclear whether STX17 can alter the inflammatory response process by controlling autolysosome function. This study aimed to explore the role of STX17 in the regulation of pyroptosis induced by A. baumannii. Our findings indicate that overexpression of STX17 enhances autophagosome degradation, increases LAMP1 expression, reduces Cathepsin B release, and improves lysosomal function. Conversely, knockdown of STX17 suppresses autophagosome degradation, reduces LAMP1 expression, augments Cathepsin B release, and accelerates lysosomal dysfunction. In instances of A. baumannii infection, overexpression of STX17 was found to improve lysosomal function and reduce the expression of mature of GSDMD and IL-1β, along with the release of LDH, thus inhibiting pyroptosis caused by A. baumannii. Conversely, knockdown of STX17 led to increased lysosomal dysfunction and further enhanced the expression of mature of GSDMD and IL-1β, and increased the release of LDH, exacerbating pyroptosis induced by A. baumannii. These findings suggest that STX17 regulates pyroptosis induced by A. baumannii by modulating lysosomal function.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"315-325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host-Associated Microbiome.","authors":"Woo Jun Sul","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00135-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12275-024-00135-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"135-136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140851634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}