Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Hydroxychloroquine an Antimalarial Drug, Exhibits Potent Antifungal Efficacy Against Candida albicans Through Multitargeting","authors":"Sargun Tushar Basrani, Tanjila Chandsaheb Gavandi, Shivani Balasaheb Patil, Nandkumar Subhash Kadam, Dhairyasheel Vasantrao Yadav, Sayali Ashok Chougule, Sankunny Mohan Karuppayil, Ashwini Khanderao Jadhav","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00111-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00111-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Candida albicans</i> is the primary etiological agent associated with candidiasis in humans. Unrestricted growth of <i>C. albicans</i> can progress to systemic infections in the worst situation<i>.</i> This study investigates the antifungal activity of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and mode of action against <i>C. albicans</i>. HCQ inhibited the planktonic growth and yeast to hyphal form morphogenesis of <i>C. albicans</i> significantly at 0.5 mg/ml concentration. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC₅₀) of HCQ for <i>C. albicans</i> adhesion and biofilm formation on the polystyrene surface was at 2 mg/ml and 4 mg/ml respectively. Various methods, such as scanning electron microscopy, exploration of the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, cell cycle analysis, and assessment of S oxygen species (ROS) generation, were employed to investigate HCQ exerting its antifungal effects. HCQ was observed to reduce ergosterol levels in the cell membranes of <i>C. albicans</i> in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HCQ treatment caused a substantial arrest of the <i>C. albicans</i> cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, which impeded normal cell growth. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of <i>SOD2</i>, <i>SOD1</i>, and <i>CAT1</i> genes after HCQ treatment, while genes like <i>HWP1</i>, <i>RAS1</i>, <i>TEC1</i>, and <i>CDC 35</i> were downregulated. The study also assessed the in vivo efficacy of HCQ in a mice model, revealing a reduction in the pathogenicity of <i>C. albicans</i> after HCQ treatment. These results indicate that HCQ holds for the development of novel antifungal therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAPK Cascades in Plant Microbiota Structure and Functioning","authors":"Thijs Van Gerrewey, Hoo Sun Chung","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00114-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00114-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are highly conserved signaling modules that coordinate diverse biological processes such as plant innate immunity and development. Recently, MAPK cascades have emerged as pivotal regulators of the plant holobiont, influencing the assembly of normal plant microbiota, essential for maintaining optimal plant growth and health. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge on MAPK cascades, from upstream perception of microbial stimuli to downstream host responses. Synthesizing recent findings, we explore the intricate connections between MAPK signaling and the assembly and functioning of plant microbiota. Additionally, the role of MAPK activation in orchestrating dynamic changes in root exudation to shape microbiota composition is discussed. Finally, our review concludes by emphasizing the necessity for more sophisticated techniques to accurately decipher the role of MAPK signaling in establishing the plant holobiont relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140569429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Microbiome Matters: Its Impact on Cancer Development and Therapeutic Responses","authors":"In-Young Chung, Jihyun Kim, Ara Koh","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00110-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00110-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the evolving landscape of cancer research, the human microbiome emerges as a pivotal determinant reshaping our understanding of tumorigenesis and therapeutic responses. Advanced sequencing technologies have uncovered a vibrant microbial community not confined to the gut but thriving within tumor tissues. Comprising bacteria, viruses, and fungi, this diverse microbiota displays distinct signatures across various cancers, with most research primarily focusing on bacteria. The correlations between specific microbial taxa within different cancer types underscore their pivotal roles in driving tumorigenesis and influencing therapeutic responses, particularly in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This review amalgamates recent discoveries, emphasizing the translocation of the oral microbiome to the gut as a potential marker for microbiome dysbiosis across diverse cancer types and delves into potential mechanisms contributing to cancer promotion. Furthermore, it highlights the adverse effects of the microbiome on cancer development while exploring its potential in fortifying strategies for cancer prevention and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sporosarcina jeotgali sp. nov., Sporosarcina oncorhynchi sp. nov., and Sporosarcina trichiuri sp. nov., Isolated from Jeotgal, a Traditional Korean Fermented Seafood","authors":"Ah-In Yang, Bora Kim, Sung-Hong Joe, Hae-In Joe, Hanna Choe, Ki Hyun Kim, Min Ok Jun, Na-Ri Shin","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00106-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00106-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Three novel, Gram-stain-positive, obligate aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive bacterial strains, designated B2O-1^T, T2O-4^T, and 0.2-SM1T-5^T, were isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Strains B2O-1^T, T2O-4^T, and 0.2-SM1T-5^T exhibited distinct colony colors, characterized by pink, yellow, and red opaque circular colonies, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that three strains formed a paraphyletic clade within the genus <i>Sporosarcina</i> and shared &lt; 99.0% similarity with <i>Sporosarcina aquimarina</i> KCTC 3840^T and <i>Sporosarcina saromensis</i> KCTC 13119^T in their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The three strains exhibiting Orthologous Average Nucleotide Identity values &lt; 79.3% and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values &lt; 23.1% within the genus <i>Sporosarcina</i> affirmed their distinctiveness. Strains B2O-1^T, T2O-4^T, and 0.2-SM1T-5^T contained MK-7 as a sole respiratory menaquinone and A4<i>α</i> type peptidoglycan based on lysine with alanine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid. The common polar lipids include diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine. Strain T2O-4^T contained one unidentified phospholipid, whereas strain 0.2-SM1T-5^T contained two unidentified phospholipids. Cellular fatty acid profiles, with C_15:0 anteiso as the major fatty acid, supported the affiliation of the three strains to the genus <i>Sporosarcina</i>. Based on the polyphasic characteristics, strains B2O-1^T (= KCTC 43506^T = JCM 36032^T), T2O-4^T (= KCTC 43489^T = JCM 36031^T), and 0.2-SM1T-5^T (= KCTC 43519^T = JCM 36034^T) represent three novel species within the genus <i>Sporosarcina</i>, named <i>Sporosarcina jeotgali</i> sp. nov., <i>Sporosarcina oncorhynchi</i> sp. nov., and <i>Sporosarcina trichiuri</i> sp. nov., respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saxibacter everestensis gen. nov., sp. nov., A Novel Member of the Family Brevibacteriaceae, Isolated from the North Slope of Mount Everest.","authors":"Mao Tian, Shiyu Wu, Wei Zhang, Gaosen Zhang, Xue Yu, Yujie Wu, Puchao Jia, Binglin Zhang, Tuo Chen, Guangxiu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00108-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12275-024-00108-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We isolated and analyzed a novel, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile actinobacterium, designated as strain ZFBP1038^T, from rock sampled on the north slope of Mount Everest. The growth requirements of this strain were 10-37 °C, pH 4-10, and 0-6% (w/v) NaCl. The sole respiratory quinone was MK-9, and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C_15:0 and iso-C_17:0. Peptidoglycan containing meso-diaminopimelic acid, ribose, and glucose were the major cell wall sugars, while polar lipids included diphosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl glycerol, an unidentified phospholipid, and an unidentified glycolipid. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain ZFBP1038^T has the highest similarity with Spelaeicoccus albus DSM 26341^T (96.02%). ZFBP1038^T formed a distinct monophyletic clade within the family Brevibacteriaceae and was distantly related to the genus Spelaeicoccus. The G + C content of strain ZFBP1038^T was 63.65 mol% and the genome size was 4.05 Mb. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization, average nucleotide identity, and average amino acid identity values between the genomes of strain ZFBP1038^T and representative reference strains were 19.3-25.2, 68.0-71.0, and 52.8-60.1%, respectively. Phylogenetic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics as well as comparative genome analyses suggested that strain ZFBP1038^T represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Saxibacter gen. nov., sp. nov. was assigned with the type strain Saxibacter everestensis ZFBP1038^T (= EE 014^T = GDMCC 1.3024^T = JCM 35335^T).</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"277-284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140039655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Insights into the Lipopolysaccharide Transport (Lpt) System as a Novel Antibiotic Target.","authors":"Yurim Yoon, Saemee Song","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00137-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12275-024-00137-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a critical component of the extracellular leaflet within the bacterial outer membrane, forming an effective physical barrier against environmental threats in Gram-negative bacteria. After LPS is synthesized and matured in the bacterial cytoplasm and the inner membrane (IM), LPS is inserted into the outer membrane (OM) through the ATP-driven LPS transport (Lpt) pathway, which is an energy-intensive process. A trans-envelope complex that contains seven Lpt proteins (LptA-LptG) is crucial for extracting LPS from the IM and transporting it across the periplasm to the OM. The last step in LPS transport involves the mediation of the LptDE complex, facilitating the insertion of LPS into the outer leaflet of the OM. As the Lpt system plays an essential role in maintaining the impermeability of the OM via LPS decoration, the interactions between these interconnected subunits, which are meticulously regulated, may be potential targets for the development of new antibiotics to combat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In this review, we aimed to provide an overview of current research concerning the structural interactions within the Lpt system and their implications to clarify the function and regulation of LPS transport in the overall process of OM biogenesis. Additionally, we explored studies on the development of therapeutic inhibitors of LPS transport, the factors that limit success, and future prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"261-275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syntaxin17 Restores Lysosomal Function and Inhibits Pyroptosis Caused by Acinetobacter baumannii.","authors":"Zhiyuan An, Wenyi Ding","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00109-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12275-024-00109-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) causes autophagy flux disorder by degrading STX17, resulting in a serious inflammatory response. It remains unclear whether STX17 can alter the inflammatory response process by controlling autolysosome function. This study aimed to explore the role of STX17 in the regulation of pyroptosis induced by A. baumannii. Our findings indicate that overexpression of STX17 enhances autophagosome degradation, increases LAMP1 expression, reduces Cathepsin B release, and improves lysosomal function. Conversely, knockdown of STX17 suppresses autophagosome degradation, reduces LAMP1 expression, augments Cathepsin B release, and accelerates lysosomal dysfunction. In instances of A. baumannii infection, overexpression of STX17 was found to improve lysosomal function and reduce the expression of mature of GSDMD and IL-1β, along with the release of LDH, thus inhibiting pyroptosis caused by A. baumannii. Conversely, knockdown of STX17 led to increased lysosomal dysfunction and further enhanced the expression of mature of GSDMD and IL-1β, and increased the release of LDH, exacerbating pyroptosis induced by A. baumannii. These findings suggest that STX17 regulates pyroptosis induced by A. baumannii by modulating lysosomal function.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"315-325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host-Associated Microbiome.","authors":"Woo Jun Sul","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00135-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12275-024-00135-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"135-136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140851634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacillus acidophilus KBL409 Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis in a Mouse Model","authors":"Woon-ki Kim, You Jin Jang, SungJun Park, Sung-gyu Min, Heeun Kwon, Min Jung Jo, GwangPyo Ko","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00104-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00104-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with repeated exacerbations of eczema and pruritus. Probiotics can prevent or treat AD appropriately via modulation of immune responses and gut microbiota. In this study, we evaluated effects of <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> (<i>L. acidophilus</i>) KBL409 using a house dust mite (<i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i>)-induced in vivo AD model. Oral administration of <i>L. acidophilus</i> KBL409 significantly reduced dermatitis scores and decreased infiltration of immune cells in skin tissues. <i>L. acidophilus</i> KBL409 reduced in serum immunoglobulin E and mRNA levels of T helper (Th)1 (Interferon-γ), Th2 (Interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-31), and Th17 (IL-17A) cytokines in skin tissues. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased and Foxp3 expression was up-regulated in AD-induced mice with <i>L. acidophilus</i> KBL409. Furthermore, <i>L. acidophilus</i> KBL409 significantly modulated gut microbiota and concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and amino acids, which could explain its effects on AD. Our results suggest that <i>L. acidophilus</i> KBL409 is the potential probiotic for AD treatment by modulating of immune responses and gut microbiota of host.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139917780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Furan-based Chalcone Annihilates the Multi-Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Protects Zebra Fish Against its Infection","authors":"Santosh Pushpa Ramya Ranjan Nayak, Catharine Basty, Seenivasan Boopathi, Loganathan Sumathi Dhivya, Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani, Mohamed Ragab Abdel Gawwad, Raghda Hager, Muthu Kumaradoss Kathiravan, Jesu Arockiaraj","doi":"10.1007/s12275-024-00103-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00103-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The emergence of carbapenem-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, a multi-drug-resistant bacteria, is becoming a serious public health concern. This bacterium infects immunocompromised patients and has a high fatality rate. Both naturally and synthetically produced chalcones are known to have a wide array of biological activities. The antibacterial properties of synthetically produced chalcone were studied against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. In vitro, study of the compound (chalcone derivative named DKO1), also known as (2E)-1-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl) prop-2-en-1-one, had substantial antibacterial and biofilm disruptive action. DKO1 effectively shielded against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis in zebrafish larvae. In adult zebrafish, the treatment enhanced the chances of survivability and reduced the sickness-like behaviors. Gene expression, biochemical analysis, and histopathology studies found that proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS) were down regulated; antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels increased, and histoarchitecture was restored in zebrafish. The data indicate that DKO1 is an effective antibacterial agent against <i>P. aeruginosa</i> demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":16546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology","volume":"469 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139917788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}