Journal of microbiology and biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Detection of KPC-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Based on CRISPR Cas12a.","authors":"Qile Gao, Ting Zhang, Yiqun Yuan, Gang Li, Bing Li, Chenglong Xiong","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2502.02042","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2502.02042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To develop a detection system for <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> carbapenemase (KPC) and provide a reference for clinical prevention and control of nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i>. The KPC resistance gene was amplified by PCR. Guided by crRNA, Cas12a specifically identified the resistance gene and activated its trans-cleavage activity. In the detection system, a fluorescence probe was cleaved by activated Cas12a, and the fluorescence signal was measured using a microplate reader. Under optimized conditions, the fluorescence signal appeared within 12 min, peaked at 40 min and completed detection within 60 min. sensitivity: 91.2%, specificity: 84.1%, detection limit: 0.01 ng/μl. The samples were examined by fluorescence-CRISPR Cas12a and PCR. The coincidence rate was 85.9%, <i>Kappa</i> value was 0.8. The ROC curve analysis revealed an AUC of 0.916, with an optimal cutoff value of 1.55, sensitivity of 91.2%, and specificity of 84.1%. The CRISPR Cas12a detection of carbapenem-resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (CRKP) demonstrates high sensitivity, specificity, and broad applicability. This method requires standard molecular biology equipment but does not rely on sequencing-based platforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2502042"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12197814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic Re-Structuring in the Salt-Sensitive Rice Genotype Comparable to Its Salt-Tolerant Counterpart Mediated by an ACC Deaminase-Producing Endophytic Bacteria under Salt Stress.","authors":"Denver I Walitang, Kiyoon Kim, Yi Lee, Aritra Roy Choudhury, Tongmin Sa","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2412.12074","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2412.12074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salt stress creates a combinatorial plant stress encompassing ion toxicity, physiological drought, nutritional imbalance, and oxidative stress. Salinity impacts salt-sensitive and tolerant rice genotypes. Plants also recruit microbes leading to a complex array of microbe-mediated plant responses resulting in a cumulative overall tolerance enhancement to salinity. In this study, label-free proteomics quantification was conducted to assess the responses of rice under salt stress together with microbe-mediated responsive proteomes toward salt stress tolerance. Under salt stress, rice proteomes are mainly influenced by salt stress, rice genotype, and <i>Methylobacterium oryzae</i> CBMB20 inoculation. There are common and genotype-specific upregulated and downregulated differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in the salt-sensitive IR29 and the salt-tolerant FL478 due to salt stress. However, the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase-producing <i>M. oryzae</i> CBMB20, which regulates ethylene biosynthesis, mediated changes in the salt-stressed IR29 resulting in similar proteomes to that of FL478. Our study provides a mechanistic understanding of the interactions of an ACC deaminase-producing <i>M. oryzae</i> CBMB20 where a key feature of the microbe-mediated salt stress response is the restoration of the abundance of many downregulated DAPs in rice under salt stress conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2412074"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12197820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Engineering of <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> for the Fermentative Production of Gallic Compounds by Extending the Shikimate Pathway.","authors":"Min-Hee Jung, Jung-Min Choi, Theavita Chatarina Mariyes, Eun-Jae Ju, Jin-Ho Lee","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2409.04009","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2409.04009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gallic acid, gallic aldehyde, and gallic alcohol are polyphenolic compounds with promising antioxidant and therapeutic properties. Despite their biological significance, a complete microbial biosynthetic route for their production from simple carbon sources has not been established. We engineered <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> to produce gallic acid and its two reduced derivatives <i>via</i> a synthetic pathway extended from the shikimate pathway. Introduction of a mutant 4-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase conferred protocatechuate hydroxylation activity in <i>C. glutamicum</i>. Among tested mutants, the Y385F/L200V mutant exhibited the highest gallic acid production, reaching 4.03 g/l with a yield of 5.95% in flask cultures. To enable gallic aldehyde biosynthesis, carboxylic acid reductases (CARs) from various microbial sources were screened. Of these, MpCAR exhibited the highest catalytic activity toward gallic acid, producing 0.66 g/l of gallic aldehyde in an <i>NCgl0324</i>-deleted strain. Further reduction of gallic aldehyde to gallic alcohol was achieved using the endogenous aromatic aldehyde reductase encoded by <i>NCgl0324</i> in <i>C. glutamicum</i>, as confirmed by Q-TOF mass analysis. Overexpression of <i>qsuB</i> encoding 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase improved carbon flux from 3-dehydroshikimate toward PCA and significantly enhanced the gallic compound production. In 5-l fed-batch fermentation, engineered strains produced up to 12.0 g/l gallic acid, 1.14 g/l gallic aldehyde, and 172.4 AU*s gallic alcohol, respectively, representing 82-86% increases compared to flask cultures. This study reports the first complete microbial biosynthetic route for gallic acid, gallic aldehyde, and gallic alcohol from D-glucose. Our work highlights <i>C. glutamicum</i> as a robust microbial platform for sustainable production of value-added gallic polyphenols through pathway design and metabolic engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2504009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12197807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Loss in Pluripotency Markers in Mesenchymal Stem Cells upon Infection with <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>.","authors":"Munir A Al-Zeer, Daniel Lauster, Mohammad Abu Lubad","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2025.3505.C01","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2025.3505.C01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e35002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antipruritic Effect of 2,3-Dehydrosilybin in Glial Cells and Chloroquine-Treated Mice.","authors":"Bo-Mi Kim, Byoung Ok Cho, Seon Il Jang","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2502.02015","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2502.02015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pruritus is an inflammatory skin disorder that reduces the patient's quality of life. Meanwhile, 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHS) belongs to a class of flavonolignans derived from milk thistle seeds, and is known to have anticancer, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and angiogenic effects. In the current study, the inhibitory effect of DHS on pruritus was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglia, IL-31- and IL-6-treated astrocytes, and chloroquine-treated mice. DHS was shown to suppress pruritus-related cytokines IL-31 and IL-6 in LPS-treated microglia. Moreover, DHS inhibited activation of MAPKs (p38, ERK, and JNK) in LPS-stimulated microglia. Furthermore, DHS prevented activation of STAT3 and LCN-2 production in IL-31- and IL-6-treated astrocytes. In addition, DHS inhibited scratching and GFAP expression in chloroquine-treated mice. These results suggest that DHS may prevent and/or treat pruritus.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2502015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Folate Production by <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> IDCC 2201 and Its Impact on Human Gut Microbiota.","authors":"Eoun Ho Nam, Minjee Lee, Donggyu Kim, Young Hoon Jung, Jungwoo Yang, Minhye Shin","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2502.02045","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2502.02045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Probiotics have been extensively investigated as potential food supplements for human health benefits. Metabolites derived from probiotics are the primary factors that characterize each strain's functionality and play a crucial role in shaping their effects on the human host. In this study, we characterized the secreted metabolite profiles of sixteen commercial probiotic strains and identified <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> IDCC 2201 as a major folate producer. To investigate its effects on gut microbiota, <i>S. thermophilus</i> was co-cultured with individual species comprising the human gut microbial community. Specific bacteria, such as <i>Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron</i>, <i>Veilonella parvula</i>, and <i>Ruminococcus faecis</i>, grew dependently on both folate and <i>S. thermophilus</i>. These bacteria exhibited greater growth in the presence of folate than in its absence, with 2.8-, 3.6-, and 3.9-fold increases, respectively. Additionally, they showed relatively higher growth when co-cultured with <i>S. thermophilus</i> compared to other bacterial species, with 1.2-, 1.3-, and 1.9-fold increases, respectively. Our results indicate that the interaction between probiotics and the human gut microbiota can influence changes in ecological balance through nutrient cross-feeding, and understanding this interaction can be applied to precision probiotic therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2502045"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Brain Organoids: Development and Applications.","authors":"Wu Hongxi, Wang Ruting, Liu Yiyang, Huang Qinglian, Chen Jibing, Jiang Feng","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2411.11040","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2411.11040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain organoids are three-dimensional structures generated from pluripotent stem cells, closely resembling the embryonic human brain. They exhibit gene expression patterns and signaling pathways similar to those in the developing human brain, facilitating the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying brain development, as well as genetic and environmental factors underlying developmental disorders. A brain organoid comprises various cell types noted in a developing brain: neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. These cells interact with each other and form complex networks, enabling the investigation of communication among different cell types and their contribution to brain function. Brain organoid structure is also similar to that of a developing human brain, with distinct features resembling regions such as the cortex and ventricles. Alternatively, organoid models cannot completely replicate certain specific stages of brain development, such as brain surface folding and complex neuronal circuitry establishment. Nevertheless, few advancements to improve organoid systems and mimic embryonic human brain complexities have been reported. These include sophisticated culture protocol establishment, brain organoid vascularization and transplantation, regionalized brain organoid assembly into relatively complete brain organoids (<i>e.g.</i>, assembloids). In general, recent advancements in brain organoid technology have demonstrated significant potential for advancing regenerative medicine, drug discovery, and disease modeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2411040"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Effectiveness of Granular and Cell Suspension PGPR Biofertilizers in Enhancing Rice Growth in Saline Soils.","authors":"Pornrapee Sarin, Piyada Theerakulpisut, Surasak Siripornadulsil, Nuntavun Riddech","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2502.02008","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2502.02008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In agriculture, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) plays an important role in increasing soil quality and enhancing plant growth. However, the relative efficacy of various PGPR delivery modalities, such as granules and microbial suspensions, is uncertain. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of 12 salt-tolerant PGPR isolates as biofertilizers in two different formulations to determine which better supports rice seedling growth and microbial persistence under salinity stress. The selected isolates were tested for essential plant growth-promoting properties such as IAA synthesis, nitrogen fixation, phosphate and potassium solubility, ACC-deaminase activity, siderophore generation, and biofilm formation. Among the isolates, <i>Mesorhizobium</i> sp. S1-7 showed the highest IAA production at 74.43 μg/ml. Microscopic analysis confirmed that <i>Enterobacter aerogenes</i> P8, <i>Shinella</i> sp. R18, and <i>Mesorhizobium</i> sp. S1-7 successfully colonized rice roots under varying salinity levels (0, 2, 4, and 8 dS/m). In a pot experiment, both formulations increased rice seedling development in normal and saline environments. The liquid form exhibited greater stability during storage, whereas the granular form discharged more microbial cells into the soil. Despite their similar impacts on plant growth, the granular form has a significant advantage due to its slow-release qualities, which promote microbial persistence and long-term advantages in tough settings like saline soils. This study highlighted the potential of <i>Enterobacter</i> sp., <i>Shinella</i> sp., and <i>Mesorhizobium</i> sp. in granular biofertilizer formulations and contributed to developing optimized biofertilizer strategies for enhancing crop productivity in salinity-affected regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2502008"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Related Mechanism of Limonene Improves LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation.","authors":"Yingjuan Jiang, Geng Liu, Qingqing Liu, Lanyue Zhang, Yanping Tan, Junlin Cen, Yan Zhao, Aiguo Li","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2411.11053","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2411.11053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Limonene, a component of volatile oils extracted from citrus plants, is known traditionally to treat inflammation. However, the anti-neuroinflammation efficacy and mechanism remain unclear. In this study, lipopolysaccharide was used as a neuroinflammatory inducer to investigate the mechanism of limonene in combating neuroinflammation in mice. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) was used to identify the main components of <i>Citrus sinensis</i> (L.) Osbeck essential oil. A total of 21 compounds were identified in <i>Citrus sinensis</i> (L.) Osbeck essential oil, of which limonene, myrcene, and carene were the main components. Limonene was found to reduce LPS-induced neuroinflammatory responses in mice, as evidenced by decreased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA-1) levels, along with suppressed expression of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, limonene improved the spatial memory and learning ability of mice caused by neuroinflammation, as well as neuronal death in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) results showed that limonene had no obvious toxicity to BV2 cells when the concentration was 4 mg/ml. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the effects of limonene on inflammatory response, immune regulation, and other signaling pathways. These results reveal that limonene may improve LPS-induced neuroinflammation by regulating microglia and astrocyte activation and inflammatory response and may be used as a drug for the treatment of neuroinflammation in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2411053"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acidic pH Reduces Fluconazole Susceptibility in <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> by Altering Iron Uptake and Enhancing Ergosterol Biosynthesis.","authors":"Donghyeun Kim, Junghum Shin, Yong-Joon Cho, James W Kronstad, Won Hee Jung","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2504.04007","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2504.04007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The opportunistic fungal pathogen <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> encounters diverse environmental pH conditions within the host. Hence, the ability to adapt to different pH levels plays a key role in survival and pathogenesis, although a full understanding of adaptation has yet to be achieved. In this study, we investigated how environmental pH influences antifungal drug susceptibility and iron uptake in <i>C. neoformans</i>. We found that acidic conditions significantly reduced the susceptibility of <i>C. neoformans</i> to the antifungal drug fluconazole. Moreover, iron acquisition in <i>C. neoformans</i> was independent of the high-affinity iron uptake system under acidic conditions, and lower pH increased the levels of intracellular iron, ergosterol, and heme, potentially accounting for the reduced susceptibility of the fungus to fluconazole. Transcriptome analysis further elucidated the mechanisms underlying the pH-dependent shift in iron uptake and antifungal susceptibility in <i>C. neoformans</i>. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of environmental pH in the physiology and pathogenesis of <i>C. neoformans</i> and provide insights to support the development of novel treatments for cryptococcosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2504007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}