{"title":"Antidiabetic Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Food-Derived Bioactive Peptides.","authors":"Hatice Ozcaliskan Ilkay, Gulhan Samur","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2024.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2024.0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by progressive insulin secretion defect based on insulin resistance, is one of the leading public health problems with high morbidity and mortality rates. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia, which becomes a more severe indication with obesity in T2DM patients, increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, kidney damage, and retinal disorder. Effective diabetes treatment is possible with a comprehensive approach that includes controlling blood glucose levels, improving pancreatic β cell functions, and supporting insulin sensitivity through body weight management, nutritional therapy, and drug therapy. At this point, food-derived bioactive peptides and protein hydrolysates, which draw attention with their structural similarity to regulatory peptides in human metabolism, have great potential in treating T2DM and regulating glucose metabolism. Various glucoregulatory properties of bioactive peptides come to the fore through antidiabetic mechanisms such as the digestion of carbohydrates, the release of intestinal hormones, insulin function and secretion, glucose uptake, and adipose tissue modification. This review aims to evaluate the roles of food-derived bioactive peptides and protein hydrolysates in controlling glycemia and insulin sensitivity and their antidiabetic mechanisms of action and to examine the difficulties and opportunities related to the acquisition and research processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicinal food","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Byung-Sun Choe, Ambrish C, Priya Mk, Jinhak Kim, Kwang-Soo Baek, Yoo-Kyoung Park
{"title":"Enhanced Oral Bioavailability of Lutein and Zeaxanthin via a Self-Emulsifying Delivery System: A Randomized, Double-Blind Cross-Over Study.","authors":"Byung-Sun Choe, Ambrish C, Priya Mk, Jinhak Kim, Kwang-Soo Baek, Yoo-Kyoung Park","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2025.k.0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2025.k.0060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted to evaluate and verify the improved bioavailability, as determined by the plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin, of the test supplement, XanMax® 2002 plus LuZeAbility™, as compared to the reference supplement, XanMax® 2002. For this purpose, this study was designed as a randomized, double-blind, two-group, two-period cross-over clinical trial research. A total of 24 male subjects participated in the clinical trial. They were randomized 1:1 into group 1 or 2 to consume two types of supplements in two separate periods. This study aimed to propose and demonstrate that the bioavailability and the plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in the test supplement were significantly higher (110-132.8%) than in the reference supplement in all consecutive periods, such as 12 to 72 h after intake and at the time of maximum concentration. These results are expected to strengthen macular pigment optical density levels, ultimately providing a safe and effective intervention for comprehensively promoting eye health. Therefore, the findings of this study have significant pharmacokinetic implications and offer valid theoretical and practical insights for both academic research and the industrial development in the supplement market.</p>","PeriodicalId":16440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicinal food","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sofia Zouganeli, Mary Yannakoulia, Achilleas Attilakos, Smaragdi Fessatou, Evdokia K Mitsou, Adamantini Kyriacou, Argirios Dinopoulos
{"title":"Ketogenic Diet for Epilepsy: The Olive Oil Effect to Optimization. A Narrative Review.","authors":"Sofia Zouganeli, Mary Yannakoulia, Achilleas Attilakos, Smaragdi Fessatou, Evdokia K Mitsou, Adamantini Kyriacou, Argirios Dinopoulos","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2025.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2025.0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ketogenic diet (KD) has long been used in the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy, demonstrating significant beneficial health effects. Various modifications of the KD have been introduced as alternatives to the classical, more restrictive form, aiming to improve patient's adherence while maintaining therapeutic efficacy. Among these adaptations, the Mediterranean ketogenic diet (MedKD) has been primarily implemented in populations in the Mediterranean region. The MedKD integrates elements of the traditional Mediterranean diet, with olive oil as the primary fat source, leveraging its unique properties. This narrative review examines the possible connections between olive oil and the mechanisms of KD, proposing the extra virgin olive oil-rich MedKD as a healthier option with the potential for reduced adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicinal food","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Curative Effects of Vitamins D3&K2 on the Expressions of p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and Oxidative Stress Induced by Methotrexate in ZFL Epithelial Cells.","authors":"Güllü Kaymak","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2024.0261","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jmf.2024.0261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methotrexate (MTX), a folate antimetabolite, is a cytotoxic drug known to cause cytotoxicity associated with free oxygen radicals. This study investigated the effect of vitamins D3 and K2 on MTX-induced liver cell injury using the zebrafish liver cell line (CRL-2643). Observed effects, levels of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation marker, and total antioxidant/oxidant status were evaluated by spectrophotometric methods. The mRNA expressions of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 were measured using RT-PCR. In addition, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining was performed to analyze the apoptosis status of the cells. The IC<sub>50</sub> value of MTX at 48 h was calculated as 442 <i>µ</i>g/mL with an MTT assay. The doses of D3&K2 are determined based on the recommended dose to be taken daily. As a result, this study suggests that MTX treatment induced oxidative damage on the liver cell, as assessed by increased reactive oxygen levels, lipid peroxidation, and decreased glutathione levels. In addition, while MTX increased the expression of the p53 and proapoptotic marker Bax, it decreased the expression of the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2. In conclusion, D3&K2 treatment protects against MTX-induced liver cell toxicity. It is thought that they can be used as a potential agent in clinical applications with MTX in treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicinal food","volume":" ","pages":"657-667"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of medicinal foodPub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-04-23DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.K.0229.correx
{"title":"<i>Correction to:</i> Indian Gooseberry and Barley Sprout Complex Prevent Oxidative Stress and Photoaging of the Skin in Ultraviolet B-Irradiated SHK-I Mice by Lee et al. Journal of Medicinal Food 2024;27(6):488-501; doi: 10.1089/jmf.2023.K.0229.","authors":"","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2023.K.0229.correx","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jmf.2023.K.0229.correx","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicinal food","volume":" ","pages":"725-726"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sung-Hyun Cho, Yeon-Woo Kim, Miae Doo, Jung-Heun Ha
{"title":"Functional Observation Battery Test for Single Intravenous Caffeine Exposure in Male ICR Mice.","authors":"Sung-Hyun Cho, Yeon-Woo Kim, Miae Doo, Jung-Heun Ha","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0289","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the behavioral responses of male Institute for Cancer Research (ICR) mice to intravenous caffeine exposure via a functional observation battery (FOB) test. Thirty-two experimental mice were randomly assigned to four groups (<i>n</i> = 8 per group) and received intravenous caffeine at a dose of 0, 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg. Functional behaviors were observed at 0, 0.25, 1.5, 6, and 24 h after intravenous caffeine administration. Among the hand-held observations, the ease of removal from the cage and the ease of handling were significantly altered in all caffeine-exposed mice in both a dose-dependent and a time-dependent manner. In terms of physiological responses, both stimulus responses and locomotor activities were significantly affected by intravenous caffeine exposure. Specifically, the tail pinch response was significantly impaired in half of the mice in the 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg groups. Moreover, the rearing count decreased in the 10 mg/kg group at 1.5 to 6 h and in the 20 mg/kg group at 1.5 h after intravenous caffeine exposure. Furthermore, locomotor activity was markedly increased 0.25 h after intravenous caffeine administration in the 20 mg/kg group. These findings clearly indicate that intravenous caffeine exposure significantly impacts functional behaviors, as assessed by an FOB test, which is consistent with widely accepted safety pharmacology testing guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":16440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicinal food","volume":" ","pages":"719-724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chunmei Wang, Ting Li, Chengcheng Lin, Xudong Qiu, Wenyue Zhuang, He Li, Xingming Feng, Xingxu Du, Jinghui Sun
{"title":"<i>Schisandra Chinensis</i> Polysaccharide Ameliorates Renal Dysfunction by Inhibiting Inflammatory Reactions and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Chunmei Wang, Ting Li, Chengcheng Lin, Xudong Qiu, Wenyue Zhuang, He Li, Xingming Feng, Xingxu Du, Jinghui Sun","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0285","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Schisandra chinensis</i> (<i>S. chinensis</i>) polysaccharide (SCP) is an active ingredient from <i>S. chinensis</i> used mainly for the treatment of diabetes, owing to its antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and lipidemic-modulating activities. A rat type II diabetes mellitus model was established by giving rats a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) to investigate the protective effect of SCP against renal injury in diabetic rats. It was found in this study that fasting blood glucose, serum lipids, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels were decreased, the insulin sensitivity was increased, and pathological injuries of the kidney were alleviated in SCP-treated groups, indicating that SCP should have a protective effect against renal injury in diabetic rats. SCP treatment reduced serum C-reactive protein and inhibited the expression of nuclear factors-κB and related inflammatory factors in the renal tissue of diabetic rats. SCP treatment also regulated the expression of Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) like-2, heme oxygenase-1, and kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1, reduced serum malondialdehyde content, and increased superoxide dismutase activity. Furthermore, SCP down-regulated the expression of fibronectin, α-SMA, transforming growth factor β1, and p-Smad3, up-regulated Smad7 expression, and mitigated the collagen fiber deposition in the renal interstitium in diabetic rats. It can be concluded that the mechanism of SCP in alleviating renal injury may be related to inhibiting inflammation, increasing antioxidant stress capacity, and improving renal fibrosis in diabetic rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":16440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicinal food","volume":" ","pages":"682-693"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<b>Effects of Heat-Treated Green Tea Extract on Memory Function and Default Mode Network Connectivity in Individuals with Subjective Memory Impairment: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial</b>.","authors":"Yoonji Joo, Hyeonji Lee, Hyeonseok Jeong, Chaewon Suh, Haejin Hong, Yejin Kim, Seoyoung Yu, Chaerin Lee, Youngeun Shim, Sujung Yoon","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0260","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the increasing interest in the potential cognitive benefits of green tea, this study evaluated the efficacy of processed green tea products as nootropic agents. We conducted a 12-week, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial to assess the effects of heat-treated green tea extract (HT-GTE) supplementation on memory performance in individuals with subjective memory impairment (SMI). A total of 80 participants with SMI (mean age 49.6 ± 5.6 years) were randomly assigned to either the HT-GTE group (<i>n</i> = 40) or the placebo group (<i>n</i> = 40). Memory performance was assessed using standardized composite scores at baseline and week 12. Additionally, we examined changes in functional connectivity (FC) within the default mode network (DMN), a key resting-state network associated with memory function, at both time points. Compared to the placebo group, the HT-GTE group demonstrated significant improvements in memory function after 12 weeks, as evidenced by a greater increase in composite scores (<i>z</i> = 2.535, <i>P</i> for interaction = .011). Furthermore, the HT-GTE group exhibited increased FC within the right precuneus region of the DMN (<i>z</i> = 2.554, <i>P</i> for interaction = .011). These findings underscore the potential of HT-GTE supplementation to enhance memory performance and FC within the DMN in middle-aged individuals with SMI, offering valuable insights into the cognitive benefits of green tea.</p>","PeriodicalId":16440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicinal food","volume":" ","pages":"708-718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Barbara Shukitt-Hale, Derek R Fisher, Danielle S Cahoon, Marshall G Miller, Amanda N Carey, Tong Zheng
{"title":"Intermittent Versus Continuous Wild Blueberry Feeding Alters Inflammation and Behavior in Aged Male Rats.","authors":"Barbara Shukitt-Hale, Derek R Fisher, Danielle S Cahoon, Marshall G Miller, Amanda N Carey, Tong Zheng","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2025.0001","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jmf.2025.0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have shown that continuous daily consumption of polyphenolic-rich blueberries (BB) reduced neuroinflammation and improved age-related declines in motor and cognitive function in rodents and humans, but the optimal intake of BBs is currently unknown. To evaluate the beneficial effects of BBs on neuroinflammation and motor and cognitive function relative to the frequency of consumption, the diets of aged F344 rats (18 months; <i>n</i> = 15/group) were supplemented with either a continuous control diet, a continuous 2% wild BB diet, or an intermittent (3 days on, 4 days off) 2% wild BB diet for 2 months prior to behavioral testing. Because neuroinflammation has been identified as a major contributing factor to the behavioral declines seen in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, serum was collected pre-diet and at the end of the study to assess whether diet-induced changes in serum can alter the production of inflammatory stress signals in activated HAPI rat microglial cells <i>in vitro</i>. Serum from rats continuously and intermittently fed BBs had beneficial effects by reducing the expression of inflammatory enzymes cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in microglia, but only continuous feeding attenuated nitrite production. Intermittent BB-fed rats performed better on the rotarod and committed fewer errors in the radial arm water maze on Day 2 compared to control-fed animals. Based on these findings, BBs may not have to be consumed daily to elicit beneficial effects, possibly due to the retention of polyphenols and their metabolites in tissue and circulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicinal food","volume":" ","pages":"639-646"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Altinay Altinkaynak, Orhan Kocak, Esra Tanyel Akcit, Ece Simsek, Kubra Yildirim, Ahmet Yilmaz Coban
{"title":"The <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Silico</i> Assessment of the Cytotoxic Effect of Daidzein Alone or in Combination with 5-Fluorouracil on Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line Caco-2.","authors":"Altinay Altinkaynak, Orhan Kocak, Esra Tanyel Akcit, Ece Simsek, Kubra Yildirim, Ahmet Yilmaz Coban","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2024.0132","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jmf.2024.0132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of daidzein alone and in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on Caco-2 cells and investigate potential interactions between daidzein and 5-FU with apoptosis-related tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-2, tumor necrosis factor -alpha receptor-1 and Interferon gamma receptor-1. In this study, we used trypan blue and MTT assays to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of daidzein and the effect of daidzein on the amount of substance P released from the cells using the ELISA method. We utilized the ligand-protein molecular docking method for our <i>in-silico</i> assessments. According to our cytotoxicity experiment results, daidzein decreased the proliferation of Caco-2 cells. It should be pointed out that our ELISA test results daidzein and 5-FU increase the level of Substance-P (SP), a proinflammatory cytokine released by Caco-2 cells. Based on our <i>in-silico</i> results, daidzein interacted with all three apoptosis-related receptors on the membrane of Caco-2 cells to a better extent than 5-FU. In sum, although daidzein increases the amount of SP, it is a compound that has significant cytotoxic effect on colon cancer cells and promise as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of colon cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":16440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicinal food","volume":" ","pages":"647-656"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}