Journal of Medicine and Life最新文献

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of <i>Withania somnifera</i> extract on liver toxicity induced by silver nanoparticles in vivo.","authors":"Abdullah Asser Ahmed Alghamdi, Eman Abdallah Ahmed Abdallah, Mohamed Farouk El-Refaei","doi":"10.25122/jml-2024-0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2024-0050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The liver is a critical organ in the human body and is frequently exposed to numerous exogenous toxic substances, including silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and hepatoprotective effects of <i>Withania somnifera</i> (<i>W. somnifera</i>) extract on AgNP-induced liver toxicity in Swiss mice. Fifty mice were divided into five groups. Group I (negative control) consisted of ten mice. Group II received oral <i>W. somnifera</i> extracts (80 mg/kg/bw) for 14 days. Group III was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with AgNPs at a daily dose of 35 mg/kg/bw for 3 days. Group IV received i.p. AgNPs for 3 days, followed by saline for 14 days. Group V received i.p. AgNPs for 3 days, followed by oral <i>W. somnifera</i> (80 mg/kg/bw) for 14 days. Liver function tests, pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant activities, protein carbonyl (PC) levels, liver histopathological analysis, immunohistochemical expressions of transcription factor (NF-κB), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were examined. Group III had elevated levels of liver function, a significant increase of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant activity, and PC levels. Histological observations revealed congested sinusoids filled with red blood cells (RBCs) and hepatocyte necrosis. Also, positive expressions of NF-κB and VEGF were detected compared with Group I. However, the administration of <i>W. somnifera</i> to Group V revealed significant changes with evident improvements in liver function biomarkers, pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant activities, oxidative stress markers (PC), and histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters compared to Group III. The results revealed that <i>W. somnifera</i> has promising and potential hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic effects against liver toxicity. Further detailed studies are recommended to explore the potential of <i>W. somnifera</i> as a treatment for human liver ailments.</p>","PeriodicalId":16386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Life","volume":"17 7","pages":"728-738"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protecting the elderly from influenza in the context of immune system senescence. Elderly aged 65 and over are vulnerable to influenza and its associated complications.: Position paper by the Romanian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics.","authors":"Gabriel-Ioan Prada, Ovidiu-Lucian Băjenaru, Gabriela-Cristina Chelu, Cristina-Marilena Matei-Lincă, Cătălina-Raluca Nuţă, Sînziana-Georgeta Moscu","doi":"10.25122/jml-2024-0274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2024-0274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza affects millions globally each year, often causing severe complications, hospitalizations, and deaths, particularly among the elderly. As the global population ages, infections will pose a growing health risk. Annual vaccination remains the most effective way to prevent influenza and its complications. After the age of 65, people suffering from chronic diseases become the majority of this population category. All the data support that most of the population over 65 years old, whose immune system goes through immunosenescence, presents multimorbidity, requiring age-appropriate anti-influenza protection. The immune response to the traditional influenza vaccine has been proven to be lower in the elderly, highlighting the need for a more immunogenic vaccine specifically tailored to the elderly population group. Therefore, high-dose (HD) influenza vaccines have demonstrated their safety and are more effective in preventing influenza and its associated complications compared to standard-dose (SD) vaccines in the elderly in the context of immunosenescence. These recommendations focus on the safety, effectiveness, and efficacy of HD influenza vaccines, adapted to the elderly and available on the Romanian market, to increase the vaccination rate and, thus, protect against influenza infection and its complications. Therefore, strategies such as increased accessibility and free immunizations, as well as ensuring that flu vaccines for the elderly are prescribed without restrictions based on the number of comorbidities, should be used.</p>","PeriodicalId":16386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Life","volume":"17 7","pages":"746-754"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent updates in pediatric diffuse glioma classification: insights and conclusions from the WHO 5^th edition.","authors":"Tarang Patel, Gyanendra Singh, Parth Goswami","doi":"10.25122/jml-2023-0515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2023-0515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The World Health Organization (WHO) Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumors Classification 5^th edition (2021) integrates both molecular and histopathological criteria for diagnosing glial tumors. This updated classification highlights significant differences between pediatric and adult gliomas in terms of molecular characteristics and prognostic implications. The 5^th edition comprises a new category of pediatric-type diffuse low-grade glioma (PDLGG) and pediatric-type diffuse high-grade glioma (PDHGG), classified mainly based on genetic alterations and histopathological features. We reviewed the microscopy, diagnostic molecular pathology, and prognosis of various tumors under the categories PDLGG and PDHGG. The review also addresses the need for clarification concerning overlapping diagnostic features. PDLGG are characterized by diffuse growth, low-grade morphology, and MYB/MYBL1(MYB Proto-Oncogene Like 1) gene fusion or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway alterations. In contrast, PDHGG is described by diffuse growth, high-grade morphology, and increased mitosis and often shows alterations of histone gene resulting in epigenetic alterations, which contrasts with common isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification seen in adult-type high-grade glioma.</p>","PeriodicalId":16386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Life","volume":"17 7","pages":"665-670"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A short history of sarcopenia and frailty and their impact on advanced chronic liver disease.","authors":"Denisa Cuciureanu, Petruta-Violeta Filip, Corina-Silvia Pop, Sorina-Laura Diaconu","doi":"10.25122/jml-2024-0304","DOIUrl":"10.25122/jml-2024-0304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcopenia, first introduced as a concept by I. Rosenberg in 1989, has since been extensively studied, particularly in its correlation with chronic diseases. In recent years, sarcopenia has been increasingly associated with advanced chronic liver disease, leading to a lower quality of life and poor outcomes for these patients. Studies have shown that sarcopenia has a prevalence of 33% in individuals with advanced chronic liver disease, impacting not only the patient's health but also contributing to increased healthcare costs. The prevalence of frailty in patients with advanced chronic liver disease is 27%. Given the high prevalence of sarcopenia and frailty in this population, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improving patient quality of life outcomes and reducing the strain on healthcare systems globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":16386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Life","volume":"17 7","pages":"660-664"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professor Helmut Trimmel - Adapted Interview from the 3^rd Neurotrauma Treatment Simulation Center in Vienna, Austria.","authors":"Stefana-Andrada Dobran, Alexandra Gherman","doi":"10.25122/jml-2024-1012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2024-1012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Life","volume":"17 7","pages":"657-659"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and context of peer bullying among adolescents in schools from Shaqra City: public-schools surveillance in Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Muath Alammar, Jalal Ali Bilal, Yasser Salem Saleh, Abdullah Mohammed Bin Hussain, Saif Munif Alshammari, Ishag Adam","doi":"10.25122/jml-2024-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2024-0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bullying in schools is a serious global health issue that jeopardizes youth and future adult health and negatively impacts academic outcomes. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence, forms, and associated factors of bullying among students aged 7-17 in public schools in Shaqra City, Saudi Arabia, where no prior data existed. A total of 372 students participated, with a median age of 11 years (interquartile range 9-14), of whom 187 were girls. 27 students (12.6%) reported being bullied in the past month, primarily through verbal abuse (89.4%), followed by physical bullying (10.6%). Cyberbullying was prevalent, with all students bullied experiencing it through social media, and some through texting (6 students, 1.6%) or email (3 students, 0.8%). Factors like student and parent age, student sex, school level, class level, nationality, chronic diseases, polygamy, and smartphone ownership were not associated with bullying. Cyberbullying and bullying affected 12.6% of students. Verbal bullying, the most common, occurred in restrooms and halls. Victims were hesitant to discuss their worries with anyone. Bullying incidents both within and outside of schools were more likely to result in positive adult intervention. Bullying among adolescents was attributed to factors such as physical strength and size. The possible reactions of bystander peers to a bullying incident include alerting the school administration and directly intervening independently.</p>","PeriodicalId":16386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Life","volume":"17 7","pages":"701-709"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triglyceride/high-density cholesterol ratio as a predictor of cardiometabolic risk in young population.","authors":"Claudia Veronica Mederos-Torres, Yolanda Díaz-Burke, María Luisa Muñoz-Almaguer, Alejandra Guadalupe García-Zapién, Rosario Lizette Uvalle-Navarro, Claudia Elena González-Sandoval","doi":"10.25122/jml-2024-0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2024-0117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding and detecting risk factors are crucial for early diagnosis and prevention strategies. Obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance, among others, have been described as modifiable risk factors. Among these, the triglycerides-to-HDL cholesterol (TG/HDL) ratio has been described as a marker of insulin resistance and a predictor of cardiovascular disease. Our objective was to investigate the association between the TG/HDL ratio and various cardiometabolic risk factors. A total of 239 young adults aged 18-24 years were recruited. We assessed anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles, glucose levels, insulin, the HOMA index, and the TG/HDL ratio. Participants were stratified based on their BMI and TG/HDL ratio. Our findings revealed that individuals with an elevated TG/HDL ratio had higher blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels compared to those with a normal ratio. Specifically, the TG/HDL ratio was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 9.3 for overweight, 27.5 for obesity, and 4.41 for abdominal obesity. Additionally, the HOMA index, which measures insulin resistance, was higher in those with an elevated TG/HDL ratio, with a prevalence of 45.6%. In conclusion, the TG/HDL ratio is a predictive marker of insulin resistance in young individuals and is associated with modifiable risk factors for cardiometabolic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Life","volume":"17 7","pages":"722-727"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of armed conflict on nursing students' self-esteem: a cross-sectional comparative study.","authors":"Mohammead Mohammead, Atallah Alenezi, Mohammed Abdelmalik, Fahad Alhowaymel, Mohamed Abdallah, Abdalrahman Saeed, Sara Musa, Elturabi Ebrahim, Shahenda Salih","doi":"10.25122/jml-2024-0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2024-0063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Armed conflict is a prevalent global issue that affects both the socioeconomic aspects of society and has profound psychological consequences for those directly involved. This cross-sectional comparative study explored the impact of armed conflict on the self-esteem of nursing students in Sudan and Saudi Arabia. In total, 308 nursing students provided data. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) was used to evaluate nursing students' self-esteem. The findings demonstrated that nursing students who were exposed to armed conflict had lower self-esteem than those who were not. However, based on sex, marital status, and age, no statistically significant differences were observed in the nursing students' self-esteem. The current findings indicate that nursing students exposed to armed conflict have low self-esteem. Interventions providing mental health support are essential for improving their self-esteem. Further research should explore other factors that could impact the self-esteem of nursing students.</p>","PeriodicalId":16386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Life","volume":"17 7","pages":"690-695"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of cardiothoracic ratio as a potential predictor of cardiovascular abnormalities in individuals with type II diabetes mellitus: a case-control study.","authors":"Mohammed Abuelnor, Asmaa Sharif, Bassam Farhan Alakhras, Khaled Alattar, Muruj Shehab, Ashwaq Alfayez, Fatimah Ahmorawdh, Souhayla Almasri, Reeouf Aldossry, Ghunyah Alfaraj","doi":"10.25122/jml-2024-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2024-0029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular complications represent a significant health concern for individuals with diabetes mellitus. The relationship between diabetes and cardiovascular diseases is complex and multifaceted, involving a variety of pathophysiological mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of the cardiothoracic ratio as a prognostic tool for cardiovascular disorders in patients with diabetes. A retrospective case-control study of 530 adult patients referred to a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia was conducted. Medical records, including chest X-rays, were analyzed to determine the cardiothoracic ratio. Patients diagnosed with diabetes who experienced cardiac disorders had significantly higher cardiothoracic ratios compared to patients with diabetes alone and controls. HbA1c was significantly elevated among patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disorders (mean = 71.5 ± 25.43 mmol/mol) compared to the other patients. There was a significant positive correlation between the duration of diabetes and the cardiothoracic ratio (r = 0.64, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Furthermore, the cardiothoracic ratio above 0.51 was a good discriminator of cardiovascular disorders in patients with diabetes, with an area under the curve of 0.737, sensitivity of 97.1%, and specificity of 87.2%. This study provided comprehensive evidence supporting the association between cardiothoracic ratio and subsequent cardiovascular adverse outcomes in patients with diabetes. We recommend adopting the cardiothoracic ratio as a valuable prognostic tool for risk stratification among people with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Life","volume":"17 7","pages":"739-745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 21^st Congress of the Academy for Multidisciplinary Neurotraumatology and the 3^rd Neurotrauma Treatment Simulation Center - Shifting the Paradigm in Neurotrauma Care.","authors":"Stefana-Andrada Dobran, Alexandra Gherman, Dafin Fior Muresanu","doi":"10.25122/jml-2024-1010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2024-1010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Life","volume":"17 7","pages":"649-653"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}