Journal of Medical Ethics最新文献_第4页

Patient organisations, venture philanthropy and the ethics of pursuing cures over care. 病人组织、慈善事业和追求治疗胜于护理的道德。

IF 3.4 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2025-110875

Matthew S McCoy

{"title":"Patient organisations, venture philanthropy and the ethics of pursuing cures over care.","authors":"Matthew S McCoy","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-110875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-110875","url":null,"abstract":"Patient organisations aim to advance the interests of patient populations living with various diseases, disabilities and health conditions. However, because the members of a given patient population often have varied or even conflicting interests, the way in which a patient organisation pursues its mission can be contentious, as it typically involves prioritising the interests of some patients over others. There is some evidence to suggest that in recent years, patient organisations have increasingly directed resources toward supporting research, a trend that may be spurred by the rise of venture philanthropy-an emerging model in which patient organisations make high-risk, high-reward research investments with the goal of advancing treatments and cures. While venture philanthropy has garnered significant support, it has also faced criticism from patients currently living with serious illnesses, who argue that research investments benefit future patients at the expense of services for current patients. Against the backdrop of these developments, this paper investigates the ethics of patient organisations pursuing cures over care. I begin by identifying a key assumption shared by proponents and critics of venture philanthropy, which suggests that patient organisations can permissibly choose whether they aim to benefit current or future patients. Yet I go on to argue that even if patient organisations may permissibly prioritise future patients, their promissory, stewardship and representative obligations may, under some circumstances, limit their discretion to invest in research. Under other circumstances, however, these same obligations may give patient organisations reasons to prioritise research.","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital twin ethics, physiological constraints and real-time feedback. 数字孪生伦理，生理约束和实时反馈。

IF 3.4 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2025-111177

Sachula Wang

引用次数: 0

From image to infrastructure: reframing identity production in digital twins. 从图像到基础设施：在数字孪生中重构身份生产。

IF 3.4 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2025-111184

Jesse Weidema, Martine C de Vries, Nienke de Graeff

引用次数: 0

Wuwei: a Taoist perspective on the ethics of Neuro-AI. 武威：从道家角度看神经人工智能的伦理学。

IF 3.4 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2025-111067

Miranda Qianyu Wang

引用次数: 0

Rethinking epistemic injustice in psychiatric digital phenotyping from the perspective of ignorance. 从无知的角度重新思考精神病学数字表现型的认知不公。

IF 3.4 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2025-110858

Junjie Yang

引用次数: 0

Self-censorship: should scientific journals decline to publish self-experimentation? 自我审查：科学期刊应该拒绝发表自我实验吗？

IF 3.4 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2025-110730

Jonathan Pugh, Dominic Wilkinson, Julian Savulescu

{"title":"Self-censorship: should scientific journals decline to publish self-experimentation?","authors":"Jonathan Pugh, Dominic Wilkinson, Julian Savulescu","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-110730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-110730","url":null,"abstract":"A virologist recently made headlines after successfully using an experimental form of oncolytic virotherapy to treat her own recurrent breast cancer. This case has come at a time when regulators are increasingly having to grapple with the proliferation of self-experimentation outside of accredited research institutions. There is, therefore, a pressing need to outline the key ethical dimensions of self-experimentation and to develop ethical guidance for journals that may be faced with decisions about whether to publish research involving self-experimentation. In this paper, we aim to provide such guidance. We argue that while self-experimentation is not always ethically problematic, neither is there an in-principle moral reason for exempting it from ethical evaluation. After summarising the details of the recent case report of self-experimentation and briefly placing it in historical context, we suggest that it is possible to navigate the ethical issues raised in cases of self-experimentation by returning to fundamental values in research ethics, focusing on the implications of self-experimentation for respect for autonomy, reasonable risk, and preventing harm to others. We apply these principles to the case report and explain why the publication of this report can be morally justified. We ultimately advocate for a case-by-case assessment of studies involving self-experimentation submitted for publication by ethical review boards and journal editors, and we propose a decision-making algorithm to help guide such decisions.","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relational accountability in AI-driven pharmaceutical practices: an ethics approach to bias, inequity and structural harm. 人工智能驱动的制药实践中的关系问责：对偏见、不公平和结构性损害的伦理方法。

IF 3.4 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2025-110913

Irfan Biswas

{"title":"Relational accountability in AI-driven pharmaceutical practices: an ethics approach to bias, inequity and structural harm.","authors":"Irfan Biswas","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-110913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-110913","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into pharmaceutical practices raises critical ethical concerns, including algorithmic bias, data commodification and global health inequities. While existing AI ethics frameworks emphasise transparency and fairness, they often overlook structural vulnerabilities tied to race, gender and socioeconomic status. This paper introduces relational accountability-a feminist ethics framework-to critique AI-driven pharmaceutical practices, arguing that corporate reliance on biased algorithms exacerbates inequalities by design. Through case studies of Pfizer-IBM Watson's immuno-oncology collaboration and Google DeepMind's National Health Service partnership, we demonstrate how AI entrenches disparities in drug pricing, access and development. We propose a causal pathway linking biased training data to inequitable health outcomes, supported by empirical evidence of AI-driven price discrimination and exclusionary clinical trial recruitment algorithms. Policy solutions, including algorithmic audits and equity-centred data governance, are advanced to realign AI with the ethical imperative. This work bridges feminist bioethics and AI governance, offering a novel lens to address structural harm in healthcare innovation.","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weighty matters: Ozempic, autonomy and the ethics of health reform. 重要事项：奥林匹克、自治和卫生改革的伦理。

IF 3.4 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2025-111117

Joona Räsänen, Johanna Ahola-Launonen

引用次数: 0

Designing inclusive digital twins: ethical and practical considerations for trans healthcare. 设计包容性数字双胞胎：跨医疗保健的伦理和实践考虑。

IF 3.4 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2025-111120

Alberto Boretti

引用次数: 0

Personal memory and distant reading can complement each other: a reply to Gillon. 个人记忆和远读可以相辅相成：回复吉隆。

IF 3.4 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2025-111310

Vilius Dranseika, Piotr Bystranowski, Tomasz Żuradzki

{"title":"Personal memory and distant reading can complement each other: a reply to Gillon.","authors":"Vilius Dranseika, Piotr Bystranowski, Tomasz Żuradzki","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-111310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-111310","url":null,"abstract":"We respond to Gillon's critique of our data-driven analysis of the history of Journal of Medical Ethics (JME), in which we used a topic model to trace intellectual trends in the journal's first 50 years. Gillon, drawing on his personal memories as JME's second (and longest serving) editor, challenges several of our findings, particularly those concerning the prominence and classification of topics such as Ethics education In this reply, we clarify misunderstandings that led to part of his criticisms of our method. At the same time, we also briefly discuss some nuances of topic modelling, in particular, its reliance on simplified representations of text, sensitivity to modeling choices and topic interpretations. Rather than viewing computational models and editorial memory as competing sources of insight, we propose that they are complementary: each illuminates different dimensions of the journal's evolution. Gillon's engagement with our work ultimately highlights the importance of methodological transparency and the value of combining digital humanities tools with lived experience in the historiography of academic disciplines.","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145000747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0