Journal of invertebrate pathology最新文献

{"title":"Nosema ceranae and honey bee-associated virus levels in commercial beekeeping operations across Southwestern Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Keegan Nichols, Khalid A Khan, Zubair Ahmad, Hamed A Ghramh, Juliana Rangel","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2026.108637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2026.108637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The native honey bee of the Arabian Peninsula, Apis mellifera jemenitica, is well adapted to live in arid environments, but could potentially remain vulnerable to pathogens and parasites. We present a molecular report of Nosema and viral infections from eleven commercial apiaries across Southwestern Saudi Arabia. We confirmed that all Nosema-positive samples belonged to N. ceranae, with infection levels varying by location. The average spore count via microscopy was 3.43 × 10⁷ spores per bee across all locations, with the highest being 3.39 × 10⁸ spores per bee. No spores were detected in three locations. Molecular quantification via qPCR revealed an average (± SEM) of 1.86 ± 0.18 log₁₀Nosema DNA copies across all sites, with the highest being 3.24 ± 0.90 log₁₀ DNA copies. The molecular method was more sensitive, detecting Nosema DNA when spores were not observed through microscopy. Black Queen Cell Virus levels were low at six locations, with only one colony exhibiting moderate infection (2.44 ± 0.06 log₁₀ viral copies per bee). Deformed Wing Virus levels were low in two colonies, while Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus was detected at trace levels in three colonies. None of the other four viruses tested were detected. The average number (± SEM) of Varroa destructor mites was 2.02 ± 0.56 per 100 adult bees. Our findings suggest that A. m. jemenitica colonies in Saudi Arabia are naturally tolerant to disease, and provide an important baseline for disease monitoring and selective breeding strategies to improve honey bee resilience in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":" ","pages":"108637"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Apolipophorin-III inhibits BmNPV replication by reprogramming sphingolipid metabolism to accumulate ceramide\" [J. Invertebr. Pathol. 217 (2026) 108622].","authors":"Xinhao Jiao, Zi Liang, Lulai Wang, Na Zhang, Shuyi Liu, Wenwen Jiang, Tao Geng, Quadsia Jabeen, Ping Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2026.108636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2026.108636","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":" ","pages":"108636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of botanical drugs against Metschnikowia bicuspidata and preliminary application in the \"milky disease\" of Eriocheir sinensis.","authors":"Peilin Zhou, Jieying Yu, Weijia Zhou, Rong Wang, Zhouling Chen, Kexin Hao, Luxi Huang, Shigen Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2026.108645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2026.108645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Milky disease\" poses a significant threat to Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) cultivated in northern China. There are no established prevention or control measures for this disease. The present study employed the crab-derived fungus Metschnikowia bicuspidata as the test organism. Three herbs, Mahonia bealei, Aucklandia lappa and Arisaema erubescens, were successfully identified from 73 candidate botanical drugs, which effectively inhibit the growth of Metschnikowia bicuspidata. The morphology of yeast treated with crude extracts from three botanical drugs was examined using TEM and SEM. The results showed that this treatment caused varying degrees of damage to the cell walls, cell membranes, and organelles of M. bicuspidata. To further elucidate their mechanism of action, the antifungal active ingredients of Mahonia bealei, Aucklandia lappa and Arisaema erubescens were investigated. The primary components, including coptisine, berberine, dehydrocostus lactone, and other botanical-derived compounds, were validated through in vitro experiments, demonstrating their efficacy against M. bicuspidata. In addition, animal experiments further confirmed that Mahonia bealei, Aucklandia lappa and Arisaema erubescens exhibit a protective effect against the \"milky disease\" in Chinese mitten crabs. Compared to positive control group, the survival rates over a 21 day period increased by 19.96%, 6.37% and 15.48%, respectively. This study not only identified effective antifungal botanical drugs through in vitro experiments, but also conducted an analysis of the primary active ingredients in these botanical drugs. Furthermore, this study discussed their potential application value in the prevention and treatment of \"milky disease\" in Chinese mitten crabs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":" ","pages":"108645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From blueprint to biocontrol: Integrating complete genome, metabolic profiling and in vivo evaluation of Xenorhabdus magdalenensis IMI397775 for insect pest control.","authors":"Catalina A Painenao, Jasmín G Taladriz, Muriel N Neculpán, María José Vargas-Straube, Jamie Bojko, Ricardo Ceballos, Natalí Fernandez, Patricia D Navarro","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2026.108640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2026.108640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The symbiotic bacterium Xenorhabdus magdalenensis has a complex life cycle that alternates between a mutualistic relationship with the native entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema australe and a pathogenic stage with the insect host. Although several nematode-bacteria are well studied, the S. australe-X. Magdalenensis complex, originally isolated from southern Chile, remains poorly understood. In this study, we provide the first complete circular 4.086 Mb genome of the Xenorhabdus magdalenensis IMI397775 strain and genomically and chemically describe the bacteria at their ecological stages: in the IJs' receptacle as symbionts and in the insect's hemolymph as pathogens. We conduct a genomic analysis of X. magdalenensis IMI397775 using genmarks and Prokka for functional annotation and comparative tools to assess the evolutionary history of the most related Xenorhabdus spp. Genomic data were integrated with biochemical metabolic profiling using the API 50 CG test to validate the genotype-phenotype relationship. Our results showed an architecture of IMI397775 strain characterized by 20 rearrangements relative to X. doucetiae, its closest relative, suggesting a rapid evolutionary diversification. The identification of 25 BCGs with low similarity to known databases, and over 60% of which may encode novel molecule positions, makes this strain an important reservoir for natural product discovery. Our in vivo evaluation of cell-free supernatant confirms that the genomic potential of this strain may be a potent biological tool with high efficacy and a potential candidate for the development of new-generation biopesticides.</p>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":" ","pages":"108640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Invertebrate-virome sequence detection: implications for invertebrate products trading and regulations' - An editorial for the special issue.","authors":"Jamie Bojko, Adly Abd-Alla","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2026.108623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2026.108623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invertebrates can be infected by many viruses that may either cause disease (invertebrate‑pathogenic viruses) or be transmitted to vertebrates or plants. Viral infections may occur in natural invertebrate populations as well as in mass‑reared colonies. The significant recent advances in genome‑sequencing technologies have provided fast and relatively inexpensive tools for detecting invertebrate viruses in both wild and mass‑rearing settings, even at very low levels. The presence of such viruses raises important questions regarding the impact of covert infections on invertebrate health, sanitation, and overall colony performance. The articles in this special issue address viral sequence detection, viral sequence diversity, the impact of viruses on invertebrates, and the relationship between food and feed, and policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":" ","pages":"108623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Patagonian king crabs (Lithodes santolla and Paralomis granulosa) and their diseases: Pathogen survey and taxonomic clarification of Areospora rohanae (Microsporidia)\" [J. Invertebr. Pathol. 216 (2026) 108560].","authors":"Antonella Frizzera, Nuria Vázquez, Hernán Sacristán, Federico Tapella, Gustavo Lovrich, Amjad Khalaf, Jamie Bojko, Florencia Cremonte","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2026.108578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2026.108578","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":" ","pages":"108578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147372753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunity of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens): recent progress and technological applications","authors":"Daniele Bruno ,&nbsp;Amr Mohamed ,&nbsp;Rasha K. Al-Akeel ,&nbsp;Hend M. Alharbi ,&nbsp;Gianluca Tettamanti ,&nbsp;Ioannis Eleftherianos","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The black soldier fly (BSF, <em>Hermetia illucens</em>) is a keystone for sustainable waste bioconversion and alternative protein production, and its tolerance to microbially rich substrates reflects a robust innate immune system. Most of the recent advances in our understanding of BSF innate immunity have been published between 2020 and 2025; this review synthesizes those recent findings across molecular, cellular, and ecological scales. BSF larvae deploy rapid cellular defenses, such as phagocytosis and encapsulation, supported by a broad and dynamic humoral arsenal—including dozens of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), lysozyme, and melanization factors—that are often strongly induced following microbial challenge. Conserved signaling modules (Toll/Imd-like cascades and dual oxidase–mediated pathway) shape both systemic resistance and gut microbial composition, while the resident microbiota contributes to pathogen suppression. Noteworthy, nutrition and environment can markedly shape BSF immunity: for example, nutrient-poor diets alter AMP expression and hemocyte numbers, while microbe- or fungus-rich substrates induce distinct AMP production and cellular responses. In general, BSF can reduce zoonotic pathogen load in the rearing substrate, BSF-derived AMPs act against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and BSF-based feedstuffs enhance immune markers in livestock—biosecurity and development of value-added BSF-based bioproducts. Modern tools (high-quality genomes, transcriptomics, proteomics, RNAi, and CRISPR) now permit precise functional dissection of immune mechanisms in this insect, but key gaps remain, including antiviral and antiparasite defenses, the roles of JAK/STAT signaling, and mechanisms of immune ontogeny. Building on this synthesis, we identify critical knowledge gaps and propose prioritized research and applied actions to improve biosecurity and advance BSF bioproduct development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 108519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145794124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery and characterization of RNA viruses in the peanut pest mite Tetranychus ogmophallos (Acari: Tetranychidae)","authors":"Thaís Danielle Santanna ,&nbsp;Ethiane Rozo dos Santos ,&nbsp;Júlia Jantsch Ferla ,&nbsp;Andreza F. de Bem ,&nbsp;Bergmann Morais Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Daniel M.P. Ardisson-Araújo","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytophagous mites of the family Tetranychidae cause agricultural losses, yet their viromes remain poorly characterized. We report the first viral survey of the peanut pest mite <em>Tetranychus ogmophallos</em>, identifying three novel positive-sense RNA viruses by high-throughput sequencing and genomic analyses. Tetranychus ogmophallos iflavirus 1 (ToIV-1) possesses a 10,003 nt genome encoding a typical iflavirus polyprotein and shares 58.8% amino acid identity with its closest relative, supporting recognition as a distinct species. Two additional viruses, Tetranychus ogmophallos nodavirus 1 (ToNV-1) and 2 (ToNV-2), were identified as bipartite alphanodaviruses with conserved RNA1:RNA2 abundance ratios of 2–3:1. Strand-specific RT-PCR confirmed genomic and antigenomic strands for ToIV-1 and ToNV-1, indicating active replication. Differential read analysis showed that ToIV-1 was 37-fold more abundant than ToNV-1, suggesting contrasting replication dynamics. These findings expand RNA virus diversity in spider mites and provide a basis for future studies on persistence and potential ecological relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 108512"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145708196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-fold application of Bacillus cereus followed by Heterorhabditis indica to manage Holotrichia consanguinea adversely effects nematode reproduction","authors":"Sharad Mohan ,&nbsp;Akanksha Upadhyay ,&nbsp;Prakash Banaker ,&nbsp;Ritu Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Holotrichia consanguinea</em> is a destructive pest of sugarcane in India. Out of urgent need to control the grubs, indiscriminate application of <em>Bacillus cereus</em> followed by <em>Heterorhabditis indica</em> is practiced. Based on the compatibility studies between the two bioagents, we found that <em>B. cereus</em>-treated grubs succumbed faster to <em>H. indica</em> infection suggesting synergism. Infection with <em>H. indica</em> even at the minimum dose of 250 IJ/grub decreased the survival to 3.7 ± 1.33 days, compared to 9.2 ± 1.93 days in untreated grubs. The Kaplan-Meier estimates depicted reduced survival time gap between treated and untreated grubs for all probability levels with an increase in nematode dose. Following mortality, the cadavers supported 65.2 % higher multiplication of <em>Photorhabdus luminescens</em> over <em>B. cereus</em> till day three<em>,</em> which gradually reversed to 67.5 % in favour of <em>B. cereus</em> by day eight. The suppression of <em>P. luminescens</em> by <em>B. cereus</em> had negative implication on the growth and development of <em>H. indica</em> as it coincided with significant decline in the production of hermaphrodites, females and the final recovery of the infective juveniles after 3, 6 and 8 days of insect death, respectively. Recommending combined application of the two bioagents can have a negative implication on the long-term persistence of <em>H. indica</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 108527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory analysis of epigenetic dynamics and small extracellular vesicles in Penaeus vannamei hemocytes under inactivated Vibrio parahaemolyticus priming","authors":"Yu-Ru Lin,&nbsp;Guan-Lin Lai,&nbsp;Yu-Hsuan Sun,&nbsp;Ta-Jeng Yang,&nbsp;Ting-Yu Huang,&nbsp;Huu-The Nguyen,&nbsp;Muhammad Ar Rozzaaq Nugraha,&nbsp;Novi Rosmala Dewi,&nbsp;Yeh-Fang Hu,&nbsp;Fan-Hua Nan","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trained innate immunity has been linked to epigenetic regulation in vertebrates, but corresponding mechanisms in shrimp remain poorly understood. Hemocytes are the central immune cells of <em>Penaeus vannamei</em>, and their chromatin states may reflect regulatory responses to microbial stimulation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging mediators of immune-related intercellular communication, although their roles in shrimp immunity remain largely unexplored. In this study, we examined histone H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 dynamics in shrimp hemocytes following priming with formalin-inactivated <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> AHPND (VP_AHPND) using immunofluorescence-based semi-quantitative analysis across multiple time points and doses. Hemolymph-derived EVs were further characterized by nano-flow cytometry at Day 7 post-priming. Semi-quantitative image analysis revealed no significant differences in H3K4me3 or H3K27me3 among groups at Day 1. At Day 2, a significant increase in H3K4me3 was detected only in the medium-dose group (7.5 × 10⁶ CFU/mL), while H3K27me3 showed no group-level differences. By Day 4, the high-dose group (7.5 × 10⁷ CFU/mL) exhibited significantly elevated levels of both H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 compared with control and lower-dose groups. By Day 7, histone modification levels across all groups had largely returned to baseline. At Day 7, EVs were detected in shrimp hemolymph with stable size distributions but altered particle concentrations in the high-dose group. These EV observations are preliminary, based on limited sample availability and single-method characterization. Together, this study provides exploratory evidence that histone modification responses in shrimp hemocytes following bacterial priming are transient and dose-specific, accompanied by preliminary observations of hemolymph-derived EV profiles, establishing a baseline for future studies on epigenetic regulation and systemic communication in shrimp immunity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 108522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145804655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}