Journal of invertebrate pathology最新文献

{"title":"Density of Schistocerca cancellata locusts (Orthoptera) affects infection development of Paranosema locustae (Microsporidia)","authors":"Martina E. Pocco ,&nbsp;Alina Cerquetti ,&nbsp;Mariela Theiller ,&nbsp;Carlos E. Lange","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated the occurrence of density-dependent prophylactic resistance (DDPR) in the South American locust, <em>Schistocerca cancellata</em>, by exposing gregarious-phase nymphs to the microsporidium <em>Paranosema locustae</em> across a range of densities. Infection prevalence and intensity were highest at low densities and declined sharply at intermediate densities. At high densities, infections were virtually absent. A threshold density for the expression of DDPR may exist, likely above 130 nymphs/m². These findings support the presence of DDPR in <em>S. cancellata</em> and suggest that <em>P. locustae</em> has limited potential as a biocontrol agent for managing gregarious populations during outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 108496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection timelines and co-infection effects of Israeli acute paralysis virus and deformed wing virus in the honey bee (Apis mellifera)","authors":"Vincent Prayugo ,&nbsp;Alexandria N. Payne ,&nbsp;Bryony C. Bonning ,&nbsp;Adam G. Dolezal","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Honey bees are often exposed to and infected by multiple viruses, including deformed wing virus (DWV) and Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV). These pathogens are major contributors to colony failure, threatening the supply of pollination services in agriculture. However, understanding and modeling the infection and transmission dynamics of these viruses is hampered by gaps in knowledge about their infection timelines, specifically how virus load changes post-exposure. Moreover, while honey bees frequently experience co-occurring infections from multiple viruses, little is known about how co-infection affects virus-induced mortality and replication dynamics. We hypothesized that, while both DWV and IAPV are known to be highly infectious and can cause honey bee mortality, each presents a distinct infection timeline and peak infection intensity time window. In addition, we hypothesized that co-infection would result in increased mortality compared to individual virus infections due to increased pathogen-induced stress. To test these hypotheses, we exposed day-old honey bee workers to DWV, IAPV, or a combination of DWV and IAPV via carefully controlled experimental injections and tracked mortality and virus levels over time. After exposure, bees were maintained in the laboratory for 10 days and sampled daily for virus quantification. We observed a similar response pattern to both honey bee viruses in the first 24 h post-infection, where virus levels rapidly increased following inoculation. While DWV infection had persistently high virus levels and a delayed mortality response after peak DWV load was achieved, IAPV infection was rapidly followed by either mortality or a decline in virus load as bees recovered from infection. Co-infected bees showed some variation in mortality, although there were no significant differences in virus load between DWV or IAPV within co-infected bees compared to bees infected with the individual viruses. These results help answer fundamental questions related to the pathology of DWV and IAPV within honey bees that help clarify how these pathogens interact and persist within honey bee colonies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 108484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Dissecting multitrophic interactions: The relationships among Entomophthora, their dipteran hosts, and associated bacteria” [J. Invertebr. Pathol. 213 (2025) 108425]","authors":"Zuzanna Płoszka ,&nbsp;Karol H. Nowak ,&nbsp;Marta Tischer ,&nbsp;Anna Michalik ,&nbsp;Michał R. Kolasa ,&nbsp;Piotr Łukasik","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108449","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 108449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Honey as an eDNA Reservoir: Detecting Spiroplasma apis and Spiroplasma melliferum in Australian honey bee populations","authors":"Gopika Bhasi ,&nbsp;Gemma Zerna ,&nbsp;Travis Beddoe","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Spiroplasma apis</em> and <em>Spiroplasma melliferum</em> are often overlooked pathogens that harm honey bee health. This study used environmental DNA (eDNA) from honey to identify these pathogens. We amplified DNA from 135 honey samples across Australia using <em>Spiroplasma</em>–specific PCR primers. The results revealed a high prevalence of <em>S. melliferum</em> (70%) across Australia, in contrast to <em>S. apis</em>, which was detected in 13% of samples. The findings indicate that S. melliferum is widespread in Australia, potentially threatening honey bee health. We present the first phylogenetic analysis of Australian <em>Spiroplasma apis</em> and <em>Spiroplasma melliferum</em> isolates, with <em>Spiroplasma apis</em> showing high similarity with reference strains from the USA, Belgium, and Taiwan, whereas <em>Spiroplasma melliferum</em> displays broader genetic diversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 108482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145390434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification, localization, and bioinformatics analysis of the novel EhSWP12 in Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei","authors":"Xiaohui Cao ,&nbsp;Yi Qiao ,&nbsp;Tingyue Liu ,&nbsp;Huiwen Jiang ,&nbsp;Jie Cheng ,&nbsp;Ge Jiang ,&nbsp;Xianping Fan ,&nbsp;Hui Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei</em> (EHP) is an obligate intracellular microsporidian that causes severe disease in <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> but whose infection mechanism remains elusive. Because the spore wall is a critical interface between the parasite and its environment, characterizing the functionally unstudied protein SWP12 is essential for elucidating host − microsporidian interactions. In this study, we cloned the full-length open reading frame (ORF) of EHP SWP12, designated EhSWP12, which is 735 bp in length and encodes a 244-amino-acid polypeptide. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that EhSWP12 contains no signal peptide or transmembrane domain but possesses an AH/BAR domain, with a predicted isoelectric point (pI) of 9.05 and a molecular mass (Mw) of 28.7 kDa. The EhSWP12 gene was subsequently expressed in <em>Escherichia coli</em>, and indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA) demonstrated that the protein localizes to the mature spore wall. Further subcellular localization studies identified its presence in both the exospore and endospore layers. Our findings indicate that EhSWP12 is a membrane-associated protein, suggesting that it plays a pivotal role in the EHP life cycle. These results enhance our understanding of EHP biology and provide a theoretical and technical foundation for the future investigation of its proliferation and infection mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 108470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145308244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confirmation of susceptibility of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain to Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1)","authors":"Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Ling Chen ,&nbsp;Xiao-Meng Guo ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Guan ,&nbsp;Liang Qiu ,&nbsp;Jie Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) is a newly identified pathogen responsible for significant disease outbreaks and high mortality rates in farmed crustaceans. While previous studies have reported the susceptibility of mud crab <em>Scylla paramamosain</em>, a species of considerable commercial importance in Asia, to DIV1, detailed investigations into its infection by DIV1, particularly in situ confirmation evidence, are still lacking. This study experimentally confirms that <em>S. paramamosain</em> is susceptible to DIV1, demonstrating that the virus can infect and induce disease through both intramuscular injection and oral routes. The infection resulted in high mortality, especially in the high-dose injection group, while oral exposure led to slower disease progression. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed high viral loads in hepatopancreas, gonads, and gills. Histopathological examination identified typical signs of infection, including eosinophilic inclusions and nuclear pyknosis. Furthermore, in situ DIG-labeling loop-mediated isothermal amplification (ISDL) provided direct evidence of the widespread distribution of DIV1 across various tissues, including the gonads, suggesting potential implications for reproduction. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the presence of icosahedral viral particles with typical iridovirus morphology in infected cells, further confirming DIV1 replication in <em>S. paramamosain</em>. The study underscores the importance of the route of exposure in determining disease progression and mortality, with oral exposure resulting in lower mortality compared to injection. These findings establish <em>S. paramamosain</em> as a susceptible species for DIV1, expanding the known host range of the virus and offering valuable insights into its pathogenesis, tissue tropism, and potential impacts on aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 108491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145495888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral administration of egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) in Penaeus vannamei to combat against VpAHPND infections","authors":"Ge Jiang ,&nbsp;Xianping Fan ,&nbsp;Jie Cheng ,&nbsp;Yi Qiao ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Wang ,&nbsp;Yijun Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Cao ,&nbsp;Shen Hui","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), caused by the toxin‐producing <em>Vibrio</em> sp., has become a serious threat to shrimp aquaculture. Egg yolk immunoglobulin(IgY) has the advantage of low cost and good protection in the treatment of diseases caused by specific pathogens in crustaceans. This study evaluated the protective effect of IgY against AHPND infection in <em>Penaeus vannamei</em>. IgY was isolated from eggs laid by hens immunized with recombinant PirAB toxin, which prepared with the <em>PirAB</em> gene as the target gene. Freeze-dried egg powders with anti‐PirAB‐IgY were mixed with basal diets at 20 % and 10 % concentrations and IgY from non‐immunized hen (control‐IgY) was mixed with basal diets at 20 % concentrations and used to prefeed shrimp 3 days before the bacterial challenge test. Survival rates of the challenged shrimp fed the anti‐PirAB‐IgY(20 %), anti‐PirAB‐IgY(10 %), and control‐IgY diets were 70 %, 50 % and 13 %, respectively. The parameters including β-1,3-<span>d</span>-glucan-binding protein and Heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp70) had increased in the experimental groups fed with anti‐PirAB‐IgY compared with the positive control group, and the expression levels of crustin were significantly(<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) higher in the positive control group than in the other groups. This study provides an effective prophylactic method against AHPND infection in shrimp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 108488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145409139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing Pébrine-Resistant silkworms through targeting the transmembrane protein NbTMP1 in Nosema bombycis","authors":"Renze Zhang ,&nbsp;Shiyi Zheng ,&nbsp;Bin Yu ,&nbsp;Junhong Wei ,&nbsp;Guoqing Pan ,&nbsp;Zeyang Zhou ,&nbsp;Chunfeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pébrine disease, caused by the microsporidium <em>Nosema bombycis</em>, represents a significant challenge to the sericulture industry. To enhance the resistance of silkworm, we developed a transgenic strain (designated N-F12) expressing a single-chain fragment variable antibody F12 (scFvF12), targeting the critical transmembrane protein NbTMP1 of <em>N. bombycis</em>. The antibody was fused with the ubiquitination tag, the F-box domain at the <em>N</em>-terminal of Slmb protein (NSlmb), facilitating the degradation of NbTMP1 via the host’s ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS). Western blot analysis confirmed that the recombinant NSlmb::scFvF12 antibody can specifically recognize and label NbTMP1, leading to its degradation. Additionally, the proliferation of <em>N. bombycis</em> was significantly suppressed in N-F12 transgenic cells. Transgenic silkworms expressing N-F12 exhibited obvious resistance to <em>N. bombycis</em>, achieving higher survival rates without compromising key economic traits. This study demonstrates a novel strategy for pathogen resistance by utilizing the host’s UPS to degrade pathogen proteins, with potential applications in sericulture and broader host-pathogen systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 108438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of helminth infection on sexual morphology, reproduction and survival of the freshwater amphipod, Hyalella patagonica","authors":"Carlos Rauque,&nbsp;Verónica Flores","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effects of helminth infection on sexual morphology and reproduction of the crustacean intermediate host are not well understood. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of parasitic infections on the amphipod <em>Hyalella patagonica.</em> Specimens were collected from Lake Mascardi, Argentina, between spring 2018 and summer 2019. We focused on three parasites: the acanthocephalans <em>Pseudocorynosoma enrietti</em> and <em>Acanthocephalus tumescens</em> and the nematode <em>Hedruris suttonae</em>. Morphological alterations in sexual traits, pairing success, and survival rates were analyzed. Significant morphological alterations were induced by <em>P. enrietti</em>, including castration and mixed sexual characteristics. <em>Hedruris suttonae</em> was the parasite most frequently found in amphipods in precopula, indicating that this parasite does not affect pairing success. Reduced survival rates were found in amphipods infected with <em>H. suttonae</em> or co-infected with <em>P. enrietti</em> and <em>A. tumescens</em>. These findings underscore the varying pathogenic effects of parasites on amphipod hosts and highlight the importance of considering multiple factors when evaluating host-parasite interactions and their ecological consequences in aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 108453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and optimization of a LAMP-based diagnostic platform for acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in Penaeus vannamei","authors":"Junjiang Liu ,&nbsp;Lu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Jia ,&nbsp;Jinyu Yang ,&nbsp;Mengqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) poses a major threat to global shrimp aquaculture, especially impacting <em>Penaeus vannamei</em>. Given the high cost of prevention and the absence of effective treatments, the most efficient way to control AHPND is through early detection to quickly identify the pathogen. This study presents the development and optimization of a low-cost, portable diagnostic platform utilizing loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for the rapid detection of AHPND. This platform integrates fluorescence detection with a smartphone-compatible device, providing a convenient and effective solution for on-site diagnosis. We also screened fluorescent nucleic acid dyes with optimal adaptability and developed an efficient, user-friendly tool to improve the performance of the isothermal amplification method. In addition, a deep learning-based infection detection algorithm was developed for automated diagnosis. The visualization technology showed high specificity and sensitivity for detecting AHPND in shrimp samples, with a detection limit of 1 copies/µL. These results highlight the potential of this method in resource-limited environments and provide a valuable tool for early detection and management of AHPND in shrimp aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 108481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}