Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries最新文献_第7页

Explosion characteristics and suppression analysis of AlSi12 powder used in additive manufacturing 用于增材制造的 AlSi12 粉末的爆炸特性和抑制分析

IF 3.6 3区工程技术

Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105439

Shuqi Zhang , Jiangping Zhao , YaChao Wang , Kainan Yu , Yong Yang

{"title":"Explosion characteristics and suppression analysis of AlSi12 powder used in additive manufacturing","authors":"Shuqi Zhang , Jiangping Zhao , YaChao Wang , Kainan Yu , Yong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To prevent explosion accidents of AlSi12 powder during additive manufacturing, a 20- L spherical explosion apparatus was used to investigate the explosion characteristics of AlSi12 and the suppression effects of NaHCO₃. Additionally, thermal analysis, chemical composition, and surface morphology analysis of the explosion residues were conducted to clarify the suppression mechanisms. The results indicated that the explosion hazard of AlSi12 powder reached its maximum at a concentration of 750 g/m³, with an explosion pressure of 0.710 MPa and an explosion temperature of 801 °C. The addition of NaHCO<sub>3</sub> at an inerting ratio of 2.6 effectively suppressed explosions across all concentrations of AlSi12 powder. NaHCO<sub>3</sub> showed better inhibitory effects on higher concentrations of AlSi12, with greater suppression of explosion temperature compared to explosion pressure. Furthermore, incorporating NaHCO<sub>3</sub> effectively inhibited the oxidation of AlSi12 dust clouds, increasing the apparent activation energy of AlSi12, thereby reducing the probability of explosion. Combined experimental analyses revealed that NaHCO<sub>3</sub> effectively inhibits AlSi12 powder explosions through mechanisms such as heat absorption, prevention of heat transfer, radical capture, and reactant consumption. The consumed reactants are primarily the Al element in the alloy powder, while the Si element is largely unaffected. These findings provide valuable experimental data and theoretical support for preventing and controlling AlSi12 powder explosions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influential criteria in domino accident analysis: An evaluation using the logarithm methodology of additive weights 多米诺骨牌事故分析中的影响标准：使用加权对数法进行评估

IF 3.6 3区工程技术

Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105436

Kamran Gholamizadeh , Sarbast Moslem , Esmaeil Zarei , Domokos Esztergar-Kiss

{"title":"Influential criteria in domino accident analysis: An evaluation using the logarithm methodology of additive weights","authors":"Kamran Gholamizadeh , Sarbast Moslem , Esmaeil Zarei , Domokos Esztergar-Kiss","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Domino incidents in process industries entail cascading failures, demanding thorough analysis to uncover root causes and enhance safety measures. Standard criteria are crucial for systematically evaluating incident investigation techniques, ensuring informed decision-making and consistency. Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods offer a structured approach to technique selection. This study addresses the need for systematic evaluation and prioritization of criteria influencing domino accident analysis technique selection. Through a comprehensive literature review, 16 main criteria and 42 sub-criteria were identified and weighted using the Logarithm Methodology of Additive Weights (LMAW) method, incorporating expert opinions. Results indicate the significance of criteria like applicability, accuracy, and comprehensiveness. Conversely, criteria such as relevance, cost-effectiveness, and emergency response team consideration had lower weights but remained significant. Findings regarding sub-criteria highlight the importance of consistent application of investigation methods and understanding sequential incident progression. This study advances domino accident investigation practices, promoting safety in process industries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research progress of aerogel used in lithium-ion power batteries 用于锂离子动力电池的气凝胶的研究进展

IF 3.6 3区工程技术

Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105433

Aoqi Wang , Juncheng Jiang , Yanyan Liu , Jie Wu , Yanan Ma , Mingfeng Li , Wanzheng Lu , Yongmei Hao , Yaqin Shi

{"title":"Research progress of aerogel used in lithium-ion power batteries","authors":"Aoqi Wang , Juncheng Jiang , Yanyan Liu , Jie Wu , Yanan Ma , Mingfeng Li , Wanzheng Lu , Yongmei Hao , Yaqin Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, with the rapid development of clean energy vehicles (i.e., electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles) and electrochemical energy storage stations, safety accidents have significantly increased. However, the abuse conditions such as overheating, overcharging, mechanical abuse, short circuits, etc., can result in thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Severe thermal runaway can lead to battery fire and even explosion, thereby threatening the safety of personnel. The application of a few aerogels to the thermal insulation layer between the cells of the lithium-ion battery modules can strengthen the safety of batteries. Among many aerogels, oxide aerogels show excellent insulation and high-temperature resistance. Therefore, aerogels, especially oxide aerogels, have aroused widespread research interest. This paper introduces the mechanism of thermal runaway of LIBs and systematically reviews several important oxide aerogels and the derived composites, especially those based on SiO<sub>2</sub>, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and ZrO<sub>2</sub> aerogels. The mechanical strength and high-temperature resistance of those aerogels are discussed. The application of aerogel in LIBs is also investigated in detail, and the all-around effect is caused by the introduction of aerogel materials. In addition, the thermal protection safety strategy of aerogel thermal insulation layers is proposed. It is supposed that this review could enable readers to deepen their understanding of this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small scale pool fires: The case of toluene 小规模池火：甲苯案例

IF 3.6 3区工程技术

Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105430

Benedetta Anna De Liso, Gianmaria Pio, Ernesto Salzano

{"title":"Small scale pool fires: The case of toluene","authors":"Benedetta Anna De Liso, Gianmaria Pio, Ernesto Salzano","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Industrial applications adopting toluene as a solvent have been largely extended in recent years, including solutions within the framework of the energy transition and energy storage technologies. The potential use of this flammable compound in a different set of operative conditions and compositions requires a comprehensive and complete knowledge of its fire behaviour and combustion kinetic. To this scope, an innovative experimental procedure applicable to liquid reactive systems was developed for this scope and implemented at different boundary conditions. More specifically, the specimen was exposed to air and heat fluxes between 7 and 50 kW/m<sup>2</sup>, at a constant sample surface of 0.01 m<sup>2</sup>, an initial sample thickness of 0.01 m, and a distance between the sample and the horizontally oriented conical-shaped heater of 0.025 m. Measurements were compared with data from the current literature, when available, demonstrating the robustness and validity of the adopted procedure. Although an increase in the external flux leads to growing mass burning rates (i.e., from 0.47 g/s to 0.85 g/s), negligible effects on the ignitability were observed. Conversely, a peak in the heat release rate at 35 kW/m<sup>2</sup> was measured. The observed reduction at higher external heat fluxes was attributed to less effective combustion, demonstrating that the maximum expected heat flux cannot be considered as an aprioristic worst-case scenario for the evaluation of pool fires. The collected data were, then, further utilized to obtain insights on the formation of the main products, including soot tendency. Based on the collected data a simplified kinetic model suitable for the computational fluid dynamics was proposed to reproduce the chemistry of the system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950423024001888/pdfft?md5=92c63a933a3c20e53b12b7adecf89c37&pid=1-s2.0-S0950423024001888-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the explosion mechanism of two-phase organic dust — Based on polypropylene/propylene hybrid explosions as an example 两相有机粉尘爆炸机理研究--以聚丙烯/丙烯混合爆炸为例

IF 3.6 3区工程技术

Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105429

Shulin Zhang , Xiang Yan , Zhuo Wen , Shixuan Meng , Yi Lu , Shiliang Shi

引用次数: 0

Tank pool fire domino effect prevention by inherently safer layout planning: A techno-economic analytical index 通过更安全的布局规划防止油罐池火灾的多米诺骨牌效应：技术经济分析指标

IF 3.6 3区工程技术

Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105428

Guohua Chen , Honghao Chen , Caiyi Xiong , Xiaofeng Li , Xiaoming Gao

{"title":"Tank pool fire domino effect prevention by inherently safer layout planning: A techno-economic analytical index","authors":"Guohua Chen , Honghao Chen , Caiyi Xiong , Xiaofeng Li , Xiaoming Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tank pool fire domino effects, represented by their capacities of accident consequence escalation and extensive damages, present substantial safety challenges within chemical storage systems. In this work, the inherent safety concept is introduced to proactively address these challenges while ensuring cost-effectiveness. Accordingly, a dedicated novel metric called Inherent Safety & Economic Risk Index (IS&ERI) is proposed to make safety and cost trade-offs for indicating the risk levels of various tank farm layout options. To develop the IS&ERI, the Dow's loss estimate procedure is adapted for representing the economic implications, and the Bayesian Networks are employed for indicating the failure probabilities of target units considering the synergistic effects of multiple pool fires. Two improved graph theory metrics are presented to determine the root nodes of the Bayesian Networks. For demonstrating the proposed IS&ERI, a case study is conducted and the results show that the IS&ERI of 4 tank farm layout options are 0.2991, 0.3120, 0.3525, and 0.2285, implying that Option 4 is the best layout with the lowest potential loss in case of the pool fire domino effects. As the key research contribution, the IS&ERI is presented and it can be used as a useful tool to compare and select the best tank farm layout option to eliminate or significantly reduce the knock-on effects of tank pool fires at their sources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation of LNG tank container leakage and dispersion on anchoring inland carrying vessel 内陆运输船锚泊时液化天然气罐式集装箱泄漏和扩散模拟

IF 3.6 3区工程技术

Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105427

Chengyong Liu , Xiyu Zhang , Wenpeng Qu , Yi Xu , Shuzhe Chen

{"title":"Simulation of LNG tank container leakage and dispersion on anchoring inland carrying vessel","authors":"Chengyong Liu , Xiyu Zhang , Wenpeng Qu , Yi Xu , Shuzhe Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) is becoming an important energy source as clean energy. In cities with inland waterways, LNG tank containers transported by inland vessels will be the primary mode of transportation. However, the night sailing of LNG carriers is typically prohibited considering the safety of the vessels and surroundings. Inland LNG tank container carriers have to wait at specific anchorages during the prohibition period and complete the full voyage in segments. During the anchoring phase, the vessels pose significant risks with LNG leakage and dispersion as the primary ones. In this study, taking the anchoring LNG tank container carrier in the Yangtze River in China as a case study, a comparative simulation study is performed using the computational fluid dynamics model to investigate the influencing risk factors. The leakage and dispersion of LNG under extremely unfavorable conditions are also analyzed to calculate the safety area and provide the corresponding safety management suggestions. The comparative analysis results indicate that the leakage aperture is the primary influential factor, followed by wind speed and temperature. The simulations under extremely unfavorable conditions reveal a maximum dispersion range of 190 m and a safety zone radius of 310 m. These results provide important technical guidance and reference values for the case of leakage and dispersion on inland waterways.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental study on the impact of airflow velocity and pipeline diameter on dust explosions in vessel-pipeline pneumatic conveying 容器-管道气力输送中气流速度和管道直径对粉尘爆炸影响的实验研究

IF 3.6 3区工程技术

Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105419

Jianfei Ding , Xingqing Yan , Lei Chen , Chang Qi , He Liang , Tao Fan , Xiangfeng Chen , Jianliang Yu

{"title":"Experimental study on the impact of airflow velocity and pipeline diameter on dust explosions in vessel-pipeline pneumatic conveying","authors":"Jianfei Ding , Xingqing Yan , Lei Chen , Chang Qi , He Liang , Tao Fan , Xiangfeng Chen , Jianliang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To ensure the process safety of powder particles during pneumatic transport, a dust explosion experimental apparatus was designed to simulate the dust transport process. The system is supplied with a stable airflow by a high-pressure fan, capable of continuously transferring dust from the vessel to the pipeline at a controllable speed. Dust explosion experiments were meticulously executed by applying 1 kJ of ignition energy to the transported dust particles at airflow velocities of 5, 10, and 15 m/s. This study examines the effects of dust concentration, airflow velocity, and pipe diameter on explosion characteristics and delves into the mechanisms these effects through a detailed analysis of experimental results. The results demonstrate that the starch explosion flame progresses through four distinct stages within the vessel: flame development, flame stretching towards the pipe, intense combustion of starch particles, and complete combustion of the particles. As airflow velocity and pipe diameter increase, the stretching effect on the flame becomes more pronounced. At an airflow velocity of 15 m/s within a pipeline, a balance is struck between intensified particle combustion rates and unconstrained discharge, resulting in a maximum explosion pressure of 135.56 kPa for a 100 mm diameter pipe, with a maximum pressure rise rate of 7.27 MPa/s. Additionally, flame propagation velocity is higher at the pipe inlet. Different flame behaviors were observed inside the pipeline under varying airflow speeds. Compared to previous studies that utilized high-pressure gas to create dust clouds within vessels for explosion experiments, the results of this study underscore the crucial impact of airflow velocity on dust explosions. This research provides critical parameters for explosion prevention and presents a case study on the safety of dust handling processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of major process accident indicators based on Industrial Internet 基于工业互联网的主要过程事故指标的开发

IF 3.6 3区工程技术

Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105418

Zi-jian Ni , Xiao Wang , Zhi-cheng Zhang , Lei Wang

{"title":"Development of major process accident indicators based on Industrial Internet","authors":"Zi-jian Ni , Xiao Wang , Zhi-cheng Zhang , Lei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, Chinese-produced bulk chemical products have consistently ranked among the world’s leading suppliers. The scale of individual petrochemical plants and chemical parks has grown significantly, resulting in increased complexity that can contribute to higher levels of uncertainty surrounding potential losses. MA (major accident) indicators can provide a comprehensive assessment of a plant’s safety performance. This study focuses on three primary objectives: Firstly, utilizing process safety management software powered by Industrial Internet technology, we develop MA indicators. Secondly, applying the Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP) theory, this work analyzes the logical relationship between MA indicators and accidents. STAMP provides a more comprehensive understanding of indicators involving multiple barriers. Lastly, drawing upon a large language model, this paper retrospectively analyzes 212 accident reports to verify the connection between the index and actual accidents. It is noteworthy that the MA indicators adhere to SMART criteria for effective measurement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probability analysis considering the temporal properties of fire-induced domino effects 考虑火灾引发的多米诺骨牌效应的时间特性的概率分析

IF 3.6 3区工程技术

Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105420

Jianfeng Zhou , Genserik Reniers

引用次数: 0