D B Vaughan, A Trujillo-González, N Flint, L Chisholm
{"title":"A rare discovery: a new <i>Loimos</i> species (Monocotylidae: Loimoinae) from the gills of <i>Rhizoprionodon taylori</i> (Carcharhinidae) off the southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia.","authors":"D B Vaughan, A Trujillo-González, N Flint, L Chisholm","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25100370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25100370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new species of <i>Loimos</i> MacCallum, 1917 is described more than half a century after the last species was described in 1972. The new species was collected from the gills of <i>Rhizoprionodon taylori</i> (Ogilby, 1915) off the Central Queensland coast, Australia, and is the first <i>Loimos</i> species and the first representative of the Loimoinae Price, 1936 known from Oceania. A detailed morphological description and 28S rDNA molecular sequences are provided for the new species. In the molecular phylogeny based on available 28S rDNA sequences for relevant Monocotylidae, the new species grouped together with the only other <i>Loimos</i> sequence available in GenBank, that of the nonugen <i>Loimos</i> sp. from China (OM060238), sister to <i>Loimosina wilsoni</i> Manter, 1944. The estimated genetic divergence between the new species and the nonugen <i>Loimos</i> sp. sequence is low, between 0.0452 and 0.0737, suggesting that the nonugen sequence may represent the new species, or a very closely related congener. Host identity was confirmed by comparing COI sequences with those of known sharks in GenBank. We also provide the first 12S and 16S molecular sequences for this shark species.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N Kirillova, A Kirillov, E Gorodilova, S Shchenkov
{"title":"Morphology and molecular phylogeny of two bat trematodes from the taxonomically problematic genus <i>Paralecithodendrium</i> (Lecithodendriidae, Digenea).","authors":"N Kirillova, A Kirillov, E Gorodilova, S Shchenkov","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X24001019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X24001019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trematodes of the genus <i>Paralecithodendrium</i> parasitize bats worldwide. Among them, the identification of <i>Paralecithodendrium longiforme</i> and <i>Paralecithodendrium cryptolecithum</i> is complicated by their high morphological similarity. We studied <i>Paralecithodendrium</i> trematodes from the small intestine of bats inhabiting the Middle Volga region (European Russia). The aim of our study was to analyze these two <i>Paralecithodendrium</i> species using both morphological and molecular phylogenetic approaches. Here, we present the first complete morphological description and molecular phylogenetic analysis of <i>Paralecithodendrium cryptolecithum</i> from bats in Russia and confirm the validity of this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Causative agents of black spot disease in Middendorff's eelpout, <i>Hadropareia middendorffii</i> (Teleostei: Zoarcidae), from the Sea of Okhotsk.","authors":"E Skorobrekhova","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25100461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25100461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data on the infection of Middendorff's eelpout, <i>Hadropareia middendorffii</i>, by metacercariae of the trematodes <i>Cryptocotyle lingua</i> Creplin, 1825 and <i>Liliatrema skrjabini</i> Gubanov, 1953, which are causative agents of black spot disease, is provided here for the first time for Taui Bay, Sea of Okhotsk. The prevalence of infection of fish by larvae of <i>C. lingua</i> reached 79%, while the intensity of infection varied from one to 278 individuals (with an average of 53). The prevalence of infection by <i>L. skrjabini</i> was lower (40%), with an intensity from one to 22 larvae (on average, eight). Metacercariae of both trematode species were surrounded by two envelopes: an outer, connective tissue capsule formed by the host's cells, and an inner cyst formed by the parasite. The examined metacercariae were found in all regions of the fish's body (head, trunk, and fins), with approximately equal numbers of individuals of both species found in tissues of the head and trunk regions. Metacercariae of <i>C. lingua</i> were localised in the fishes' muscles, not only immediately under the skin but also in deeper layers. The capsules formed around metacercariae of both trematode species were dominated by fibroblasts and collagen fibres and did not show pronounced signs of inflammation. Studying the distribution of black spot disease and its effects on fish is crucial for understanding disease patterns in relation to fish population dynamics. It may also inform the development of effective anthelmintic treatments for use in aquaculture farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144584124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of the <i>Progamotaenia macropodis</i> (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) species complex from Australian macropodid marsupials, with description of <i>P. mollicula</i> sp. nov.","authors":"I Beveridge, C Gauci, A Jabbar","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X2510031X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X2510031X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic evidence indicates that <i>Progamotaenia macropodis</i> Beveridge, 1976 (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), found in various macropodid host species, is a complex of cryptic species. However, the genetic data are incomplete, and no morphological re-appraisal of the species has been undertaken since its original description. Here, additional mitochondrial cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase I sequence data have been added from the type host, <i>Macropus giganteus</i>, as well as other host species, and a morphological study of all available material undertaken. A new species, <i>Progamotaenia mollicula</i> sp. nov., is erected for specimens from the tammar wallaby, <i>Notamacropus eugenii</i>, which are smaller, and the testes in pre-mature and mature proglottids occur invariably in two lateral groups. Specimens from the remaining host species, <i>Macropus fuliginosus</i>, <i>Notamacropus parryi</i>, <i>N. rufogriseus</i>, <i>Osphranter robustus</i>, and <i>Wallabia bicolor</i> are highly variable with obvious differences in length and proglottid shape, but with no reliable internal morphological characters for separating the various genotypes. The study was limited by incomplete molecular data (<i>N. rufogriseus</i>) and the poor quality of some of the preserved material.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B Ibrahim, E S El-Wakil, M Esmat, A Elghareeb, M Ghareeb, M Assem, N Kamel
{"title":"Therapeutic impact of <i>Citrus paradisi</i> peel extract on muscular trichinellosis: an in vivo study.","authors":"B Ibrahim, E S El-Wakil, M Esmat, A Elghareeb, M Ghareeb, M Assem, N Kamel","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25100424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25100424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trichinellosis is a parasitic zoonosis caused by a nematode parasite of the <i>Trichinella</i> (<i>T.</i>) genus. It poses significant public health issues due to limited effective and safe treatment options, especially for the muscle-encysted larval stage. <i>Citrus paradisi</i> (<i>C. paradisi</i>), with its high content of flavonoids and polyphenols, has been recorded to possess anti-parasitic properties and numerous therapeutic applications. The present work aimed to assess <i>the efficacy of C. paradisi extract peel extract</i> as a therapeutic agent, either alone or combined with albendazole (ABZ), against <i>T. spiralis</i> in experimentally infected mice. Sixty-six lab-bred Swiss albino mice were divided into control and treatment groups, then received either ABZ, <i>C. paradisi</i> extract, or a combination of both during the enteral, migratory, and encapsulation phases of infection. Parasitological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical examinations were performed to evaluate the efficacy of the treatments. All treated groups displayed a highly significant difference (p < 0.001) in larval counts compared to the positive control group, with the combination therapy group having the highest efficacy and the lowest mean count value during different treatment regimens. In addition, treated groups showed improved muscle integrity compared to the positive control group. Moreover, the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) showed the highest expression reduction in the combination therapy group. These findings highlight the potential of <i>C. paradisi</i> as a complementary therapy to albendazole for treating trichinellosis through muscle larva reduction and mitigation of inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L E Lazzarini, M F Debiaggi, L A Pianciola, M L Mazzeo, S V Soriano, N B Pierangeli
{"title":"Differentiation of <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i> sensu lato species of human origin from Neuquén, Argentina, by multivariate analysis of rostellar hooks morphometry.","authors":"L E Lazzarini, M F Debiaggi, L A Pianciola, M L Mazzeo, S V Soriano, N B Pierangeli","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25100291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25100291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i> sensu lato, which leads to serious public health problems. Considerable phenotypic variation has been described between parasites depending on the intermediate host and genotype. Knowledge of species/genotypes present in an endemic region is clue for control programs. Although DNA sequencing is the most accurate tool for this purpose, its high cost makes it less affordable. A multivariate study of the morphometric parameters of rostellar hooks of <i>E. granulosus</i> sensu lato of human origin from Neuquén was carried out using Principal Components Analysis and classification trees. A valid classification criterion to differentiate <i>E. granulosus</i> species using morphometry of rostellar hooks in human hydatid cysts was determined. Seventy-six human fertile hydatid cysts (48 <i>E. granulosus</i> sensu stricto G1 and G3, and 28 <i>E. canadensis</i> G6) were included. Overall, 2,280 hooks were measured. The rostellar hooks belonging to <i>E. granulosus</i> sensu stricto were significantly smaller than those of <i>E. canadensis.</i> The Large Total Length (LTL) was sufficient to classify a new isolate into the 2 species: if LTL < 25.3 μm, then it corresponds to <i>E. granulosus</i> sensu stricto, and if LTL ≥ 25.3 μm to <i>E. canadensis.</i> This is the first multivariate study that establishes a morphometric cut-off value to discriminate between 2 species of <i>E. granulosus</i> sensu lato from human patients, using a significant number of cysts of both species identified by sequencing of mitochondrial genes. It constitutes a useful predictive tool in endemic areas where both human infective species overlap.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association of sequence variation in <i>SOCS2</i> gene with susceptibility to Heamonchus contortus infection in sheep.","authors":"M Tahir, M Ibrahim, M Yaqoob, S J Shah, S Ahmad","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25100308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25100308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haemonchosis is a fatal disease of livestock caused by <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> (HC) - a blood-sucking parasite of the abomasum. This parasite is quite prevalent in sheep, causing mortality and production losses. The <i>suppressor of cytokine signalling-2</i> (<i>SOCS2</i>) gene plays a vital role in sheep's immune response against gastrointestinal parasites. This study aimed to estimate the parasitic load of HC in three sheep breeds (Balkhi, Ghalji, and Michni) through faecal egg count and to identify SNPs in the <i>SOCS2</i> gene associated with the susceptibility of sheep against HC. The results showed that the mean number of HC eggs per gram (EPG) was higher in the faecal samples of Ghalji (4022 ± 1162 EPG), followed by Michni (1988 ± 367 EPG), while the HC EPG was the lowest in Balkhi sheep (1535 ± 552 eggs/gm). Sequencing results showed polymorphisms in the <i>SOCS2</i> gene between the low-infection and high-infection categories of the three sheep breeds. A total number of six genic variants were observed, of which three were SNPs, one was insertion, and two were deletions. Polymorphisms were observed in the intronic and 3' UTR regions of the <i>SOCS2</i> gene. A deletion (c.1083delGCA) in intron 1 and an insertion (c.3304insT) in intron 2 showed positive correlations (0.833 and 0.889, respectively) with the HC infection, while one SNP in the 3' UTR region showed negative correlation (-0.654). This study provides a basis for selecting resistant sheep against HC infection based on the <i>SOCS2</i> gene molecular markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Helminth parasites of terrestrial and freshwater chelonians in the Neotropical region: Biogeographic distribution and new record for <i>Phrynops geoffroanus</i> (Schweigger, 1812) (Testudines: Chelidae) in the Brazilian semi-arid region.","authors":"P H Izidro de Brito, A C Figueiredo Lacerda","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25000392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25000392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Neotropical region is considered a biodiversity hotspot for reptiles, with eight families of terrestrial and freshwater chelonians. Parasites are of great importance to aquatic ecosystems and are essential to host communities. They help understand the patterns and phylogenetic relationships of their hosts and act to control populations. A literature survey on helminth parasites of chelonians in the Neotropical region was conducted, examining the most commonly found groups of helminths, the most parasitized hosts, compiling their biogeographical and political distribution and recording the parasite fauna of <i>Phrynops geoffroanus</i> in the state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. Considering the literature from 1850 to 2024, 202 helminth taxa were recorded. The Mesoamerican dominion had the highest number of helminth taxa, and Brazil was the political unit that recorded the most helminth taxa, followed by Mexico. Nematoda was the group with the highest number of taxa and occurred in all biogeographical units, with the species <i>Spiroxys contortus</i> being the most commonly found, followed by Trematoda, represented by the most commonly found species, <i>Nematophila grandis.</i> Hosts from the Chelidae family had the highest number of helminth taxa, followed by the Kinosternidae family. The most parasitized host species were <i>Chelonoidis denticulatus</i> and <i>Phrynops hilarii.</i> For the host <i>Phrynops geoffroanus</i>, the first occurrence of the nematode helminth <i>Spiroxys contortus</i> was recorded. This is the first study to include all parasitic helminths of terrestrial and freshwater chelonians in the Neotropical region, including a new occurrence in a chelonian host in the hinterland of Paraíba, Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phylogeny of two accacoeliid species (Digenea: Hemiuroidea) ex <i>Mola mola</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) (Tetraodontiformes: Molidae) from Northwest Pacific, with first molecular data on <i>Odhnerium</i> Yamaguti, 1934.","authors":"S G Sokolov, I I Gordeev, D M Atopkin","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25000380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25000380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accacoeliid digeneans associated with fish of the family Molidae exhibit enigmatically high taxonomic diversity. However, the phylogenetic relationships between species within this digenean taxon are poorly understood. In the present study, the first nuclear <i>28S rRNA</i> gene, ITS2 region of nuclear DNA, and mitochondrial <i>cox1</i> gene sequence datasets were obtained for two members of the Accacoeliidae, a type and only species of the genus <i>Odhnerium</i> Yamaguti 1934 and an unidentified <i>Accacladocoelium</i> sp. collected from <i>Mola mola</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) off Iturup Island. Analyses of molecular differentiation and phylogenetic relationships indicate that <i>Accacladocoelium</i> sp. is a sister species to <i>Accacladocoelium nigroflavum</i> (Rudolphi, 1819). The genus <i>Odhnerium</i> is closely related to <i>Tetrochetus</i> Looss, 1912, on the <i>28S rRNA</i> gene-based phylogenetic tree. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on both the mitochondrial <i>cox1</i> gene and the concatenated ribosomal ITS2 region and <i>cox1</i> gene of mtDNA show that the genus <i>Odhnerium</i> is close to the <i>A. nigroflavum</i> + <i>Accacladocoelium</i> sp. clade. In turn, the genus <i>Accacladocoelium</i> does not have monophyletic status in the trees reconstructed from these data.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Boubakri, H Kacem, N Martín-Carrillo, P Foronda, S Selmi, J Miquel
{"title":"New data on the catenotaeniid cestode <i>Gerbillitaenia psammomi</i> (Mikhail and Fahmy, 1968) parasitizing Fat sand rats, <i>Psammomys obesus</i> (Muridae: Gerbillinae), in Tunisia.","authors":"A Boubakri, H Kacem, N Martín-Carrillo, P Foronda, S Selmi, J Miquel","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25000410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25000410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cestode <i>Gerbillitaenia psammomi</i> (Cyclophyllidea: Catenotaeniidae: Skrjabinotaeniinae) was found parasitizing fat sand rats (<i>Psammomys obesus</i>) in the south of Tunisia. The species was found previously in <i>P. obesus</i> from Egypt and in <i>Meriones shawi</i> from Morocco. The present finding constitutes the first record of the species in Tunisia. In the present study, <i>G. psammomi</i> was morphologically characterized using light microscopy and compared to previous records of the species. The main differentiating morphological features of <i>G. psammomi</i> with respect to other skrjabinotaenines of North African Gerbillinae murids are, in particular, the shape of strobila, size of suckers, number of testes, absence of an antero-poral ovarian lobe, length of the central uterine stem, and number of primary uterine branches. Negative density-dependent growth (crowding effect) has also been reported. Molecular analysis based on 28S rDNA was performed for <i>G. psammomi</i> and for <i>Skrjabinotaenia oranensis.</i> Thus, both species are grouped in a clade with other species of the subfamily Skrjabinotaeniinae and are clearly separated from the clade that includes species of the subfamily Catenotaeniinae. The molecular study confirmed the previously postulated synonymy of <i>Meggittina numida</i> with <i>S. oranensis.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}