Journal of Helminthology最新文献

{"title":"Helminth parasites of terrestrial and freshwater chelonians in the Neotropical region: Biogeographic distribution and new record for <i>Phrynops geoffroanus</i> (Schweigger, 1812) (Testudines: Chelidae) in the Brazilian semi-arid region.","authors":"P H Izidro de Brito, A C Figueiredo Lacerda","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25000392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25000392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Neotropical region is considered a biodiversity hotspot for reptiles, with eight families of terrestrial and freshwater chelonians. Parasites are of great importance to aquatic ecosystems and are essential to host communities. They help understand the patterns and phylogenetic relationships of their hosts and act to control populations. A literature survey on helminth parasites of chelonians in the Neotropical region was conducted, examining the most commonly found groups of helminths, the most parasitized hosts, compiling their biogeographical and political distribution and recording the parasite fauna of <i>Phrynops geoffroanus</i> in the state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. Considering the literature from 1850 to 2024, 202 helminth taxa were recorded. The Mesoamerican dominion had the highest number of helminth taxa, and Brazil was the political unit that recorded the most helminth taxa, followed by Mexico. Nematoda was the group with the highest number of taxa and occurred in all biogeographical units, with the species <i>Spiroxys contortus</i> being the most commonly found, followed by Trematoda, represented by the most commonly found species, <i>Nematophila grandis.</i> Hosts from the Chelidae family had the highest number of helminth taxa, followed by the Kinosternidae family. The most parasitized host species were <i>Chelonoidis denticulatus</i> and <i>Phrynops hilarii.</i> For the host <i>Phrynops geoffroanus</i>, the first occurrence of the nematode helminth <i>Spiroxys contortus</i> was recorded. This is the first study to include all parasitic helminths of terrestrial and freshwater chelonians in the Neotropical region, including a new occurrence in a chelonian host in the hinterland of Paraíba, Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny of two accacoeliid species (Digenea: Hemiuroidea) ex <i>Mola mola</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) (Tetraodontiformes: Molidae) from Northwest Pacific, with first molecular data on <i>Odhnerium</i> Yamaguti, 1934.","authors":"S G Sokolov, I I Gordeev, D M Atopkin","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25000380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25000380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accacoeliid digeneans associated with fish of the family Molidae exhibit enigmatically high taxonomic diversity. However, the phylogenetic relationships between species within this digenean taxon are poorly understood. In the present study, the first nuclear <i>28S rRNA</i> gene, ITS2 region of nuclear DNA, and mitochondrial <i>cox1</i> gene sequence datasets were obtained for two members of the Accacoeliidae, a type and only species of the genus <i>Odhnerium</i> Yamaguti 1934 and an unidentified <i>Accacladocoelium</i> sp. collected from <i>Mola mola</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) off Iturup Island. Analyses of molecular differentiation and phylogenetic relationships indicate that <i>Accacladocoelium</i> sp. is a sister species to <i>Accacladocoelium nigroflavum</i> (Rudolphi, 1819). The genus <i>Odhnerium</i> is closely related to <i>Tetrochetus</i> Looss, 1912, on the <i>28S rRNA</i> gene-based phylogenetic tree. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on both the mitochondrial <i>cox1</i> gene and the concatenated ribosomal ITS2 region and <i>cox1</i> gene of mtDNA show that the genus <i>Odhnerium</i> is close to the <i>A. nigroflavum</i> + <i>Accacladocoelium</i> sp. clade. In turn, the genus <i>Accacladocoelium</i> does not have monophyletic status in the trees reconstructed from these data.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New data on the catenotaeniid cestode <i>Gerbillitaenia psammomi</i> (Mikhail and Fahmy, 1968) parasitizing Fat sand rats, <i>Psammomys obesus</i> (Muridae: Gerbillinae), in Tunisia.","authors":"A Boubakri, H Kacem, N Martín-Carrillo, P Foronda, S Selmi, J Miquel","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25000410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25000410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cestode <i>Gerbillitaenia psammomi</i> (Cyclophyllidea: Catenotaeniidae: Skrjabinotaeniinae) was found parasitizing fat sand rats (<i>Psammomys obesus</i>) in the south of Tunisia. The species was found previously in <i>P. obesus</i> from Egypt and in <i>Meriones shawi</i> from Morocco. The present finding constitutes the first record of the species in Tunisia. In the present study, <i>G. psammomi</i> was morphologically characterized using light microscopy and compared to previous records of the species. The main differentiating morphological features of <i>G. psammomi</i> with respect to other skrjabinotaenines of North African Gerbillinae murids are, in particular, the shape of strobila, size of suckers, number of testes, absence of an antero-poral ovarian lobe, length of the central uterine stem, and number of primary uterine branches. Negative density-dependent growth (crowding effect) has also been reported. Molecular analysis based on 28S rDNA was performed for <i>G. psammomi</i> and for <i>Skrjabinotaenia oranensis.</i> Thus, both species are grouped in a clade with other species of the subfamily Skrjabinotaeniinae and are clearly separated from the clade that includes species of the subfamily Catenotaeniinae. The molecular study confirmed the previously postulated synonymy of <i>Meggittina numida</i> with <i>S. oranensis.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Far from home: Morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular characterization of <i>Thometrema patagonicum</i> (Szidat, 1956) (Hemiuroidea: Derogenidae) from an unexpected host and locality, with taxonomic implications - ERRATUM.","authors":"P V Alves, M B Ebert, R J Silva","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25000409","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022149X25000409","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction of <i>Azygia hwangtsiyui</i> (Trematoda: Azygidae) to Japan with its life cycle information.","authors":"T Waki, M Nitta, E Ansai, T Ishikawa, Y Kitazawa, T Hagiwara, H Sekine, K Takano, M Hayashi","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25000379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25000379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Japan, three trematode species of the genus <i>Azygia</i> have been recorded: <i>A. gotoi</i>, <i>A. perryii</i>, and <i>A. rhinogobii.</i> Here, we report the first detection of <i>A. hwangtsiyui</i> in Japan, identified from the introduced snakehead <i>Channa argus.</i> This trematode was previously known only from the snakeheads in mainland China. Between 2015 and 2024, we sampled snakeheads and snails in Japan, collecting adult trematodes and rediae. Adult trematodes were identified morphologically as <i>A. hwangtsiyui</i>, a determination corroborated by molecular analyses of the COI and 28S rDNA regions. Rediae extracted from the snail <i>Sinotaia quadrata histrica</i> were also identified molecularly as <i>A. hwangtsiyui</i>, indicating the snail acts as an intermediate host. Juvenile trematodes from the short-spined Japanese trident goby <i>Tridentiger brevispinis</i> were also morphologically identified as <i>A. hwangtsiyui</i>, indicating that this goby acts as a paratenic host. Given the snakehead's introduction to Japan between 1923 and 1924, the absence of records of later introductions, and the presence of both intermediate and paratenic hosts in Japan at that time, <i>A. hwangtsiyui</i> was likely introduced concurrently with the snakehead. As the detection of three COI haplotypes suggests multiple introductions, subsequent introductions via the aquarium trade or other pathways involving the transport of freshwater fish and mollusks from Asia to Japan are also plausible.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metformin innovative repurposing as anti-parasitic drug in the treatment of murine trichinosis.","authors":"Y S Mahmoud, E S El-Wakil, M H Elsayad, G A M Khodear, A Kazem, H Elhadad","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25000276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25000276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Benzimidazoles are the most frequently prescribed therapeutic options for treating trichinellosis in clinical settings; however, they have a lot of disadvantages. Therefore, researchers are focusing on the hunt for substitute chemicals. The goal of the current study was to compare the effectiveness of albendazole and the anti-diabetic medication metformin loaded on chitosan nanoparticles in treating mice infected with various stages of <i>T. spiralis</i> infection. 160 mice were included in the present study and divided into 8 groups: 6 experimentally treated groups, and positive and negative control groups. For studying the intestinal and parenteral phase, each group was broken into two more subgroups (a and b) according to the time of drug administration. The effects of albendazole, albendazole-loaded NPs, metformin, metformin-loaded NPs, combined albendazole and metformin, and metformin and albendazole-loaded NPs were assessed using parasitological studies, histopathological examination, and ultrastructural examination using SEM.Statistically significant differences were detected in all studied subgroups compared to the control infected subgroup both in the intestinal and muscular phases. The greatest decrease in recovered adult worm and muscle larvae numbers was achieved by ABZ & MET/ Cs NPs. These findings were confirmed by histopathological examination. SEM examination of the tegument of <i>T. spirals</i> adult worms and muscle larvae showed destruction with multiple degenerative changes.Our results suggested that metformin and its combination with albendazole especially when loaded on chitosan nanoparticles could be potential therapeutic alternative drugs against trichinellosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into two poorly known monogeneans (Platyhelminthes), gill parasites of the European barracuda <i>Sphyraena sphyraena</i> (Teleostei, Sphyraenidae) with notes on <i>Chauhanea</i> Ramalingam, 1953 and closely related genera.","authors":"C Bouguerche","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X2500032X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X2500032X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two poorly known parasitic Platyhelminthes were collected from the gills of the European barracuda <i>Sphyraena sphyraena</i> in the western Mediterranean. Specimens of <i>Chauhanea mediterranea</i> Euzet & Trilles, 1960 and <i>Rhinecotyle crepitacula</i> Euzet & Trilles, 1960 (Polyopisthocotyla) are redescribed based on newly collected material. A careful examination of <i>Ch. mediterranea</i> revealed inaccuracies in previous interpretations of the female openings. The midventral opening, previously referred to as the 'vaginal opening' in <i>Pseudochauhanea</i> Yamaguti, 1965 and used to distinguish this genus from <i>Chauhanea Ramalingam, 1953</i>, is demonstrated to be the uterus, as confirmed by the presence of eggs in the thin-walled duct associated with this opening. The lateral position of the cirrus and vagina is also confirmed. Consequently, <i>Pseudochauhanea</i> is synonymized with <i>Chauhanea</i>, resulting in the following new combinations: <i>Ch. elegans</i> Fuentes-Zambrano, 1997 n. comb.; <i>Ch. elongata</i> Kritsky, Bilqees & Leiby, 1972 n. comb.; <i>Ch. macrorchis</i> Lin, Liu & Zhang in Zhang, Yang & Liu, 2001 n. comb.; <i>Ch. mexicana</i> Lamothe, 1967 n. comb.; <i>Ch. sphyraenae</i> Yamaguti, 1965 n. comb. A detailed investigation of the clamp sclerites of <i>Ch. mediterranea</i> indicates that both <i>Chauhanea</i> and <i>Cotyloatlantica</i> Bravo-Hollis, 1984 share the subdivision of the basal oblique sclerite, which is a continuation of the marginal sclerite in the anterior jaw, a key feature used to distinguish these genera. As a result, <i>Cotyloatlantica</i> is also synonymized with <i>Chauhanea</i>, and its species are transferred as follows: <i>Ch. pretiosa</i> (Bravo-Hollis, 1984) n. comb. The reinstatement of <i>Ch. mediterranea</i> Euzet & Trilles, 1960 as a valid name is supported, and an amended diagnosis of <i>Chauhanea</i> is provided. Additionally, <i>R. crepitacula</i> is accurately redescribed, with a new geographical locality record and an assessment of morphometrical and anatomical variations between Mediterranean and oceanic specimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling new data on fish parasite diversity in reservoirs of the Brazilian semi-arid.","authors":"V M M de Lima, J C G de Mendonça-Filho, M K de O Lima, L C B Honório, J M Falkenberg, F H Yamada, P de O F Yamada, S Y Lustosa-Costa, T P A Ramos, F Teixeira de Mello, R F Menezes, F M Windsor, A C F Lacerda","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25000288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25000288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasite biodiversity is underestimated or unknown in many regions, yet information on parasites is critical to understanding ecosystem structure and how this will change into the future. Understanding the diversity and role of parasites is especially important in regions exposed to anthropogenic pressures, such as aquatic ecosystems, as their interactions with other stressors can either exacerbate or mediate negative impacts. Water scarcity in the Brazilian semi-arid has led to a proliferation of reservoirs for human use. These artificial waterbodies host a diversity of taxa, including a large number of fish species; however, fish parasite diversity remains undocumented. This study investigated the parasitological diversity of fishes from reservoirs in the Paraíba and Mamanguape River basins in the Caatinga domain, Brazil - one of the most populated semi-arid regions worldwide. Eight reservoirs were studied, with fish sampled across the two phases of the hydrological cycle (dry and rainy seasons) using gillnets, cast nets, and trawl nets. Endo- and ecto-parasites were identified and enumerated, and parasitological indices (prevalence, intensity, and abundance) were calculated. In total, 1,170 individuals of 21 fish species were examined. Of these individuals, 42% were parasitized with at least one of 54 parasite taxa. We recorded 32 new geographical occurrences of parasites and 23 new fish-parasite interactions, expanding our understanding of ichthyoparasite diversity in the Brazilian semi-arid. Moving forward, it is important to develop knowledge around how anthropogenic changes (e.g., biological invasions, climate, and land use change) influence host-parasite structure and dynamics and ecosystem functioning in these ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First integrative assessment of <i>Ochetosoma heterocoelium</i> (Travassos, 1921) (Digenea: Ochetosomatidae) parasite of <i>Bothrops moojeni</i> Hoge, 1966 (Reptilia: Viperidae) from Brazil.","authors":"E Emmerich, E Alcantara, L Úngari, L O'Dwyer, G Pérez-Ponce de León, R Silva","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X25000343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X25000343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Ochetosoma heterocoelium</i> (Travassos, 1921) was collected from the mouth and oesophagus of a pit viper, <i>Bothrops moojeni</i> Hoge, 1966 in São Sebastião do Paraíso Farm (21°51'48.26\" S, 48°26'56.78\" W), municipality of Boa Esperança do Sul, São Paulo State, Brazil. In this study, we provide the first molecular characterisation of this digenean using 28S rDNA and COI sequences, and its phylogenetic position within the Plagiorchiida is assessed. Furthermore, new morphological features are added to the diagnosis of the species, and scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs are presented. Sequences of the 28S rRNA gene of <i>O. heterocoelium</i> were successfully obtained and aligned with 35 digenean species belonging to Plagiorchiida. Only three congeners - <i>O. aniarum</i> (Leidy, 1890), <i>O elongatum</i> (Seo <i>et al.</i> 2024), and <i>O. kansense</i> (Crow, 1913) - have been sequenced for this molecular marker. The newly sequenced individuals of <i>O. heterocoelium</i> are 98.7% and 99.4% similar to <i>O. aniarum</i> and <i>O. kansensis</i>, respectively, and <i>Ochetosoma</i> is not recovered as a monophyletic group. <i>Dasymetra nicolli</i> Holl and Allison, 1935 and <i>Lechriorchis tygarti</i> Talbot, 1933 are nested with <i>Ochetosoma.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of ivermectin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles on the enteric phase of experimental trichinellosis.","authors":"S K Hammad, M H Almotayam, A S N Mohamed, T I Farag","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X2500029X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X2500029X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trichinellosis is a global zoonotic disease affecting humans and nearly all animal species. The intestinal (enteric) phase of trichinellosis is critical, as it determines the course and prognosis of the disease. The medications used in the management of trichinellosis demonstrate inadequate bioavailability, along with a significant level of resistance. Therefore, there is a need for the development of novel agents that enhance the bioavailability of administered medications. Nanobiotechnology has emerged as a significant strategy in treating parasitic diseases. This study examined the use of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to improve the efficacy of oral ivermectin (IVM) in treating the enteric phase of trichinellosis. Thirty-five Swiss albino mice were divided into seven equal groups as follows: negative control, positive control, albendazole, ivermectin, SLNs, ivermectin loaded on solid lipid nanoparticles (IVM-SLNs), and a combination of IVM-SLNs and albendazole. Mice were sacrificed on the seventh day post-infection. The drugs' effects were assessed using parasitological, biochemical, histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses. The co-administration of albendazole and IVM-SLNs resulted in a significant decrease in adult burden, inflammatory cell infiltration, and apoptosis. Furthermore, a significant reduction in Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression was observed compared to the infected untreated control group, along with improved liver and kidney function indices. In conclusion, the potent trichinocidal effect of a single oral dose of IVM-SLNs against <i>Trichinella</i> adults makes them a promising alternative or adjunct to existing nematicidal agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}