Journal of Helminthology最新文献

Toxocara canis infections in mice: from subtle to severe consequences in 100 weeks.

IF 1.3 3区生物学

Journal of Helminthology Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X24000786

Nicol Bernardová, Jan Novák, Chia-Kwung Fan, Libuše Kolářová, Marta Chanová

{"title":"Toxocara canis infections in mice: from subtle to severe consequences in 100 weeks.","authors":"Nicol Bernardová, Jan Novák, Chia-Kwung Fan, Libuše Kolářová, Marta Chanová","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X24000786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X24000786","url":null,"abstract":"Toxocara canis is a widespread parasite of canids with a wide range of paratenic hosts, but also one of the overlooked agents causing nervous system infections of humans. Previous experimental infections of mice demonstrated the impact of high infection doses of larvae on neurobehavioral disorders and pathological changes. In contrast to previous studies, we aimed to investigate the long-term (up to 100 weeks) impact of low- to high-dose infection in mice. We focused on their physical condition, motor skills, and the accompanying pathologies in the brain. Three groups of BALB/c mice were infected with 10, 100, and 1000 T. canis larvae/mouse and specific anti-T. canis excretory-secretory antigens immunoglobulin G antibody response, general condition, and motor skills were tested in defined intervals within 100 weeks after infection. The number of larvae in selected organs was assessed and the pathological changes in the brain were studied histologically. As a result, subtle to severe impairments in general condition and motor skills were detected, with generally earlier onsets occurring the higher the infection dose was. The specific immunoglobulin G antibody levels corresponding to the infection dose were detected in all infected groups. Necrosis, cellular infiltrations, and foamy cells developed in moderate- and high-infection dose mice, in contrast with hemorrhages detected in all groups. This study demonstrated the long-term negative impact of T. canis infection on the paratenic host, particularly at moderate and high infectious doses. Although pathological changes in the brain were observed even in low-infection dose mice, their physical and motor condition was comparable to the control group.","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A morphological and molecular study of adults and cystacanths of Oncicola luehei Travassos, 1917 (Acanthocephala: Archiacanthocephala), from the Neotropical region of Mexico. 对墨西哥新热带地区的 Oncicola luehei Travassos, 1917（Acanthocephala: Archiacanthocephala）成体和囊棘鱼的形态学和分子研究。

IF 1.3 3区生物学

Journal of Helminthology Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X24000944

A L Sereno-Uribe, M P Ortega-Olivares, M T González-García, M I Grano-Maldonado, M García-Varela

{"title":"A morphological and molecular study of adults and cystacanths of Oncicola luehei Travassos, 1917 (Acanthocephala: Archiacanthocephala), from the Neotropical region of Mexico.","authors":"A L Sereno-Uribe, M P Ortega-Olivares, M T González-García, M I Grano-Maldonado, M García-Varela","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X24000944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X24000944","url":null,"abstract":"Members of the genus Oncicola Travassos, 1916 are generalist parasites able to infect a broad spectrum of carnivorous hosts, such as marsupials, procyonids, felids, and canids, and are distributed globally. Adult specimens were collected from the intestines of three white-nosed coatis (N. narica), whereas cystacanths (larval form) were found in the body cavities of two amphibian species (paratenic hosts) in localities from northern and southeastern Mexico. Morphologically, both stages were identified as O. luehei (Travassos, 1917) on the basis of the following features: trunk cylindrical, narrow anteriorly, enlarging midbody, tapering gradually to narrow posteriorly; proboscis globular with six circular rows of hooks with six hooks each, decreasing in size posteriorly; neck short with sensory papilla; tubular lemnisci long, extending to the posterior region; protonephridia dendritic type; and eight cement glands, compact with a single giant nuclei. Sequences from cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 from mtDNA were aligned and compared with sequences available in GenBank. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that adults and cystacanths formed a clade with two other isolates identified as Oncicola sp. and O. luehei from Mexico. The intraspecific genetic divergence among the isolates was low, ranging from 0.0% to 3.0%, indicating that the two stages of the life cycle belong to the same species. The haplotype network was inferred with 11 sequences and revealed a lack of shared haplotypes between populations, suggesting a reduced recombination rate and a high pattern of genetic variation among individuals. Finally, these new records of O. luehei increase the distribution range of O. luehei on both coasts of Mexico.","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological and molecular phylogeny of Clinostomum sp. (Digenea: Clinostomidae) metacercariae, using DNA barcode from a South American freshwater fish.

IF 1.3 3区生物学

Journal of Helminthology Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X24000993

T Gião, M I Müller, F Yamada, F Freitas, L Leite, R J da Silva, R de Azevedo, V Abdallah

{"title":"Morphological and molecular phylogeny of Clinostomum sp. (Digenea: Clinostomidae) metacercariae, using DNA barcode from a South American freshwater fish.","authors":"T Gião, M I Müller, F Yamada, F Freitas, L Leite, R J da Silva, R de Azevedo, V Abdallah","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X24000993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X24000993","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we present a comprehensive morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis of Clinostomum sp. (Digenea: Clinostomidae) metacercariae parasitizing two freshwater fish species from Southeast Brazil: Serrasalmus spilopleura (piranha) and Callichthys callichthys (tambuatá). The morphological examination revealed distinct characteristics of metacercariae in each host. Using the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene barcode region, we obtained DNA sequences that allowed for accurate phylogenetic placement. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Clinostomum sp. HM41 (metacercariae), isolated from S. spilopleura, exhibited 86% similarity to Ithyoclinostomum yamagutii, while Clinostomum sp. HM125 (metacercariae), from C. callichthys, showed 98.7% similarity to Clinostomum sp. Cr_Ha1. The phylogenetic trees constructed through Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood methods indicated high biodiversity within the Clinostomum genus and strong support for distinct lineages. These findings enhance our understanding of the diversity and ecological distribution of Clinostomum species in South American freshwater environments.","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quercetin: An anthelmintic potential against zoonotic tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta (Rudolphi, 1819). 槲皮素：对人畜共患绦虫小膜绦虫的驱虫潜力（Rudolphi, 1819）。

IF 1.3 3区生物学

Journal of Helminthology Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X24000877

M S Ray, C Mondal, S Saha, S Mandal, L M Lyndem

{"title":"Quercetin: An anthelmintic potential against zoonotic tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta (Rudolphi, 1819).","authors":"M S Ray, C Mondal, S Saha, S Mandal, L M Lyndem","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X24000877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X24000877","url":null,"abstract":"Quercetin, a vital flavonoid found in many medicinal plants, has shown anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, anti-aging, anti-tumour, anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and anti-protozoal activity. However, very little is known of its anthelmintic activity; there is no literature against tapeworm infection so far. The present study was performed to expose its cestocidal role by using the zoonotic tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta as a parasite model. The parasite was exposed to different concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/mL Quercetin prepared in RPMI 1640, with 1% Tween 20. Another set of parasites was treated with a standard dose of Praziquantel (0.001 mg/ml), and another set of parasites was kept as control. All experiments were maintained at 37°C ± 1°C in the incubator. Quercetin activity was assessed through viability test, and time of motility was observed through paralysis. After the experiment, worms were processed for light and electron microscopic analysis to observe the post-treatment effect on their tegument. Dose-dependent efficacy was observed in all the treatments. Time of paralysis and time of mortality for 20 mg/mL Quercetin dose was 1.40±0.03h and 2.35±0.03h, respectively, which is at par with the drug Praziquantel. Histological study showed constrictions in the tegument, while extensive damage in suckers and neck region with deformed and shrunken proglottids, sloughed-off microtriches and undistinguished nucleus with loss of envelope architecture were observed in treated parasites under electron microscopic studies, which indicates the negative activity of Quercetin on the parasite thus suggesting its cestocidal activity.","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lifecycle of an introduced Dollfustrema (Bucephalidae) trematode in the Tone River system, Japan. 日本Tone河水系引进的一种dollfustrea （Bucephalidae）吸虫的生命周期。

IF 1.3 3区生物学

Journal of Helminthology Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X24000932

Y Saito, S Iwata, M Hayashi, M Nitta, T Ishikawa, T Hagiwara, H Ikezawa, N Mano, T Waki

{"title":"Lifecycle of an introduced Dollfustrema (Bucephalidae) trematode in the Tone River system, Japan.","authors":"Y Saito, S Iwata, M Hayashi, M Nitta, T Ishikawa, T Hagiwara, H Ikezawa, N Mano, T Waki","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X24000932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X24000932","url":null,"abstract":"During 2021 through 2023, the golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei and freshwater fishes were sampled from 28 sites in the Tone River system, Japan, and adult trematodes of Dollfustrema were found in the fishes. Molecular and morphological analyses based on 28S rDNA and the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region revealed the trematode as 'Dollfustrema hefeiense', previously reported in Mainland China and likely introduced to Japan. Given that its scientific name was considered invalid, we re-described the species as Dollfustrema invadens n. sp. Additionally, the DNA-based survey helped clarify the trematode's life cycle in the river system. A sporocyst and metacercariae were detected in the golden mussel's visceral mass and in the muscles of two small freshwater fish species, respectively. The channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus harboured mature trematodes in its intestine, and adult trematodes were also found in the muscles of fishes infected with metacercariae, suggesting direct metacercariae development in fish muscle. Furthermore, another introduced bucephalid trematode, Prosorhynchoides ozakii, previously reported in the river system, was detected in the mussels and fishes. Moreover, co-infection of both bucephalid trematodes was observed in certain fishes.","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breadth versus depth of knowledge: the need for new model trematode species. 知识的广度与深度：对新型吸虫物种的需求。

IF 1.3 3区生物学

Journal of Helminthology Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X24000956

R Poulin

{"title":"Breadth versus depth of knowledge: the need for new model trematode species.","authors":"R Poulin","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X24000956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X24000956","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of knowledge and research practices in any discipline is characterised by a trade-off between depth and breadth: we can either invest efforts to learn a little about many things, or learn a lot about few things. In parasitology, breadth of knowledge corresponds to research on biodiversity and taxonomy: the discovery and description of an increasing number of new species. In contrast, depth of knowledge comes from focused research on a few model species, about which we accumulate much detailed information. Breadth and depth of knowledge are equally important for progress in parasitology. In this essay, focusing on trematodes, I demonstrate that current research is rapidly broadening our knowledge (high rate of new trematode species being discovered) but not deepening that knowledge at a comparable rate. The use of model species, with caveats, appears to offer a promising avenue for deeper knowledge. I present a case study illustrating how it is possible to develop new model trematode species at low cost to increase the depth of our understanding in areas including host-parasite ecological dynamics, co-evolution, and responses to environmental and climatic changes. The take-home message serves as a call to action to parasitologists, emphasising the need to focus as much effort on depth of knowledge as we currently invest in breadth of knowledge.","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular evidence of Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (Pallas, 1781) in cockchafers in rural areas of Elazig, Türkiye. 浙江省埃拉齐格农村地区鸡茧中Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus （Pallas, 1781）的分子证据。

IF 1.3 3区生物学

Journal of Helminthology Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X24000981

F Celik, A S Tekin, M Uslug, S Simsek

{"title":"Molecular evidence of Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (Pallas, 1781) in cockchafers in rural areas of Elazig, Türkiye.","authors":"F Celik, A S Tekin, M Uslug, S Simsek","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X24000981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X24000981","url":null,"abstract":"The primary definitive host of the giant acanthocephalan, also known as the giant thorny-headed worm Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (Pallas, 1781), is Sus scrofa. The definitive host ingests the parasite by consuming infected scarabaeoid or hydrophilid beetles. This study aimed to ascertain the presence of M. hirudinaceus in the intermediate hosts through molecular analysis. The cockchafers were collected from Elazig province of Türkiye. A total of 30 pools, comprising 10 pools for each of three districts were obtained from cockchafers collected from 10 areas. The gDNA was isolated and PCR was conducted using specific primers which amplify the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mt-CO1) gene of M. hirudinaceus. Then, the PCR-positive samples were sequenced, and phylogenetic and haplotype analyses were performed. A total of 300 cockchafer adults and/or larvae were collected for this study from different regions of three districts (Sivrice, Baskil, and Keban) in Elazig province of Türkiye. No PCR band was observed in any of the samples in Sivrice (0%). However, a total of 16 samples (5.3%), 10 from the Baskil (10%) and 6 from Keban (6%), showed a PCR band of 491 bp. All sequences were confirmed as M. hirudinaceus. Two distinct haplotypes were detected at two points. Of the total number of sequences, twelve were found to consist of a single haplotype. One of the two haplotypes was comprised of 10 isolates, while the other included six isolates. This study is one of the limited studies on the molecular identification and haplotyping of M. hirudinaceus in cockchafers.","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advantages and limitations of diagnostic procedures for zoonotic helminth infections in feces. 粪便中人畜共患蠕虫感染诊断方法的优点和局限性。

IF 1.3 3区生物学

Journal of Helminthology Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X24000798

M Shchelkanov, T Tabakaeva, P Shumenko, A Tabakaev, I Galkina

引用次数: 0

Is the risk of bank vole infection with cestodes related to the population dynamics regime? 库田鼠感染囊绦虫的风险是否与种群动态机制有关？

IF 1.3 3区生物学

Journal of Helminthology Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X24000920

Yu A Davydova, I A Kshnyasev

{"title":"Is the risk of bank vole infection with cestodes related to the population dynamics regime?","authors":"Yu A Davydova, I A Kshnyasev","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X24000920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X24000920","url":null,"abstract":"The bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber, 1780)) is the dominant species in the primary fir-spruce forests of the Visim State Biosphere Reserve in the Middle Urals. Here, we studied the long-term population dynamics of small mammals and infection rates with cestode larvae (Cestoida) of bank voles from 1995 to 2021. In addition to the traditionally studied risk factors of parasite infection (e.g., age and sex, phase of population cycle of the host), we assessed the possible influence of the intermediate host population dynamics by contrasting parts of the time series with regular 3-year cyclicity and noncyclic regime. The overall risk of larval cestode infections was 5.0% (95% CI: 4-6%, Ninfected = 97, Ntotal = 1938). The infection rate was associated with the animals' age and, unexpectedly, with the intermediate host population dynamics regime. The odds of finding cestode larvae in overwintered individuals were 4.3 times (2.8-6.6) higher than in young of the year, and in the noncyclic regime, the odds were 2.3 times (1.5-3.5) higher than in the 3-year cyclicity regime. No statistically significant higher risk of infection was found for males compared to females as the infection rate was only 1.4 times (0.9-2.1, ≈ 1) higher. The higher infection rates of overwintered individuals were as expected for individuals associated with longer exposure to the invasive parasite stages. We hypothesised that the noncyclic regime in long-term fluctuations of rodent numbers better resonates with the characteristic period of the cestodes' life cycle, resulting in higher infection rates.","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complex species structure of Lecithaster salmonis (Digenea: Lecithasteridae), a fish parasite in the Arctic and Pacific Northwest. 北极和太平洋西北地区的一种鱼类寄生虫——鲑科鲑属的复杂物种结构。

IF 1.3 3区生物学

Journal of Helminthology Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X24000890

D Krupenko, A Gonchar, V Krapivin, G Kremnev, O Skobkina, B Efeykin

{"title":"Complex species structure of Lecithaster salmonis (Digenea: Lecithasteridae), a fish parasite in the Arctic and Pacific Northwest.","authors":"D Krupenko, A Gonchar, V Krapivin, G Kremnev, O Skobkina, B Efeykin","doi":"10.1017/S0022149X24000890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X24000890","url":null,"abstract":"Studying complexes of cryptic or pseudocryptic species opens new horizons for the understanding of speciation processes, an important yet vague issue for the digeneans. We investigated a hemiuroidean trematode Lecithaster salmonis across a wide geographic range including the northern European seas (White, Barents, and Pechora), East Siberian Sea, and the Pacific Northwest (Sea of Okhotsk and Sea of Japan). The goals were to explore the genetic diversity within L. salmonis through mitochondrial (cox1 and nad5 genes) and ribosomal (ITS1, ITS2, 28S rDNA) marker sequences, to study morphometry of maritae, and to revise the life cycle data. Mitochondrial markers showed that L. salmonis is likely divided into six lineages (referred to as operational taxonomic units, OTUs), which often occur in sympatry, sometimes in a single host specimen. Variation in rDNA was not consistent with that in the mitochondrial markers. Morphometric analysis of maritae was performed for four out of six OTUs; it showed that some OTUs had significant differences from the others, but some did not. The effect of host species on the morphometric characteristics cannot be excluded. Intramolluscan stages were identified for two OTUs; they differed clearly by the structure of cercariae and also by the species of the first intermediate host. The case of L. salmonis is instructive in how different criteria for species delimitation can contradict each other. We regard this as a sign of recent or ongoing speciation and suggest using the name Lecithaster cf. salmonis. The most promising criteria to differentiate genetic lineages within L. cf. salmonis are first intermediate hosts and morphological characteristics of the cercariae: shape of the delivery tube and caudal cyst, and length of the filamentous appendage.","PeriodicalId":15928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Helminthology","volume":"99 ","pages":"e4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0