Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Age-related trends in urine specific gravity in apparently healthy cats.","authors":"Adam J Rudinsky, Valerie J Parker, JoAnn Morrison, Nathaniel Spofford, Melica Nikahd, Kseniya Topdjian, Julie M Byron, Jenessa A Winston, Cathy Langston, Jessica M Quimby","doi":"10.1177/1098612X241256469","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1098612X241256469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Urine specific gravity (USG) is the most common method for the estimation of urine concentration in cats. Utilization of USG as a screening tool is easily accessible and is of low cost to the client if strategically utilized in settings of higher diagnostic value. There is currently minimal population information regarding how USG changes across ages in cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from electronic pet medical records from more than 1000 hospitals and screened for cats with an apparently healthy clinical status and complete diagnostic information. USG was compared with age in multiple analyses to examine the relationship between the variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the absence of other indicators of disease, renal concentrating ability begins to diminish, on average, starting at approximately 9 years of age. By age group, cats aged 11-15 years (1.044, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.043-1.044) had statistically significantly lower mean USGs compared with cats aged less than 1 year (1.049, 95% CI 1.048-1.051; <i>P</i> <0.001), 1-6 years (1.049, 95% CI 1.049-1.050; <i>P</i> <0.001) or 7-10 years (1.049, 95% CI 1.048-1.049; <i>P</i> <0.001). Cats aged ⩾15 years (1.038, 95% CI 1.036-1.040) had statistically significantly lower mean USGs compared with cats aged less than 1 year (<i>P</i> <0.001), 1-6 years (<i>P</i> <0.001), 7-10 years (<i>P</i> <0.001) or 11-15 years (<i>P</i> <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Renal concentrating ability begins to diminish, on average, starting at approximately 9 years of age and is progressive as cat age increases. This study provides important and new information to help improve screening practices for disorders of concentrating ability in cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"26 8","pages":"1098612X241256469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"US cat caregivers' attitudes on veterinary video telemedicine.","authors":"Sooyoung Lee, Grace Boone, Ashley Bidgoli, Joshua Di Bernardo, Carly M Moody","doi":"10.1177/1098612X241249623","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1098612X241249623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Many cats do not see a veterinarian on an annual basis, and their caregivers face many barriers to accessing veterinary care. A potential solution to overcome some of these barriers is video telemedicine. Thus, the aim of this study was to understand companion cat caregivers' perceptions of using veterinary video telemedicine with their cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online quantitative questionnaire was used to survey US cat caregivers on their experiences of and attitudes to using video telemedicine with their cats. Participants were required to reside in the USA, be the primary caregiver of at least one cat and be aged 18 years or older.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority (97.3%) of the 1254 respondents indicated they had never used a video telemedicine appointment with their cat(s) before; however, most (85.7%) indicated they were very or somewhat interested in using video telemedicine with their cat. Overall, caregivers perceived video telemedicine visits as less stressful for themselves (<i>P</i> <0.0002) and their cats (<i>P</i> <0.0001), and as increasing their access to veterinary care (<i>P</i> <0.0001) compared with in-clinic visits. Participants also indicated they would prefer a video telemedicine appointment over an in-clinic appointment for most cat behavioral concerns but preferred in-clinic appointments for most health concerns. Most respondents (51.3%) indicated they would be willing to pay a little less for a telemedicine appointment than an in-clinic visit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Cat caregivers represent an important population that could benefit from the implementation of video telemedicine into veterinary care. Our results suggest many US cat caregivers indicate an interest and willingness to pay for video telemedicine visits to increase their access to veterinary care and reduce stress associated with veterinary visits for both themselves and their cats. Caregivers showed more interest in using video telemedicine for behavioral concerns than health concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"26 8","pages":"1098612X241249623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of outcome and adverse events in 21 cats with locally advanced nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy.","authors":"Elena Ferrer-Jorda, Ignacio Rodríguez-Pizà","doi":"10.1177/1098612X241248043","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1098612X241248043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common tumour in the nasal planum of cats. Surgery has traditionally been the treatment of choice but might not be feasible in locally advanced scenarios. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has shown good control in superficial tumours, but there is a lack of robust information about efficacy in locally advanced cases. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of ECT in the treatment of locally advanced stage nasal planum SCC in cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical database of a veterinary referral hospital was searched retrospectively for cats diagnosed with a locally advanced nasal planum SCC (T₃N₀M₀ or T₄N₀M₀) that had received ECT. Local response, adverse events and outcome were documented. The data were evaluated by inferential statistics and correlations between response, recurrence, feline immunodeficiency virus/feline leukaemia virus status, number of treatments, voltage and severity of adverse events, with Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests. Statistical significance was set at <i>P</i> <0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 21 cats were enrolled over a 4-year period. Nineteen cats achieved a complete response (CR) and two cats a partial response (PR) for an overall response rate of 100%. Cats achieving a CR had a median disease-free interval of 182 days (range 128-327) and those with a PR had a median progression-free survival of 156.5 days (range 122-191). The median time to progression was not reached. The overall survival was 453 days for a median follow-up of 341 days (range 191-989). Of the cats, 62% had grade 3 or 4 toxicities, but no deaths due to the treatment were documented. Only voltage was correlated with longer survival (<i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>ECT appears to be an effective treatment for feline nasal planum SCC and could be considered a first-line therapy for locally advanced cases. Toxicities reported can be severe in the short term and these could be secondary to more invasive lesions and equipment used.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"26 7","pages":"1098612X241248043"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of feline immunodeficiency virus prevalence and expert opinions on standards of care.","authors":"Mary Nehring, Ellyn M Dickmann, Kara Billington, Sue VandeWoude","doi":"10.1177/1098612X241245046","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1098612X241245046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge gaps in the global prevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and to obtain professional opinions and experiences regarding FIV in selected countries. We conducted a literature review of abstracts that reported the prevalence of FIV and interviewed experts in feline medicine and retroviruses from different countries to determine regional perspectives.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 90 articles reporting FIV prevalence as a primary unbiased population-level analysis between 1980 and 2017 were indexed. FIV prevalence, demographics, year and location were analyzed. Statistics were evaluated and compared. In total, 10 experts were interviewed. Results were analyzed for congruence with the findings of the literature review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FIV prevalence was typically in the range of 5-8%, with a global prevalence of 4.7%, and remained largely constant over the reporting period (1980-2017). Over 90% of articles reported greater prevalence in older male cats. More studies were conducted in North America and Europe and reported the lowest prevalence. Expert-estimated prevalence approximated literature review prevalence. Attitudes and recommendations for management were consistent among experts. The limitations of the present review include varying inclusion criteria of cats tested in different studies, variation in testing modalities and the inability to conduct summary statistics across dissimilar cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The global prevalence of FIV has not changed since its discovery 40 years ago. Prevalence is higher in older male cats and is lower in North America and Europe than other continents. Experts agree that FIV is not typically a disease of high concern and is often associated with infections of the oral cavity. Vaccination is not typically recommended and has been discontinued in North America. The evaluation of risk factors for FIV progression is useful in managing infections. Recommendations for future research include analyses to determine copathogen and environmental factors that impact progression, assessment of life span impacts and investigations of treatment efficacy and side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"26 7","pages":"1098612X241245046"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in seven cats with respiratory failure.","authors":"Jiwoong Her, Patrick Verwaerde, Chloe E Baker, Bernard Allaouchiche, Céline Pouzot-Nevoret","doi":"10.1177/1098612X241249837","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1098612X241249837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case series summary: </strong>This case series describes seven cats that were treated with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNOT). Seven cats were prospectively (n = 5) or retrospectively (n = 2) included from three veterinary university referral centers between March 2020 and September 2023. Data on signalment, medical history, clinical and diagnostic findings, treatment administered, response to HFNOT and outcomes were recorded. All cats included in this case series failed to respond to oxygen cage or flow-by oxygen therapy and were subsequently transitioned to HFNOT. After this transition, these cats demonstrated a marked improvement in respiratory parameters, including respiratory rate, effort and oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry, within 1 h of initiating HFNOT. All cats tolerated HFNOT well without any complications.</p><p><strong>Relevance and novel information: </strong>There is limited literature reporting the use of HFNOT in feline patients. This is the first case series in the literature of HFNOT utilized as an advanced oxygen delivery method for feline respiratory failure. This case series indicates that HFNOT improves oxygenation in feline patients that fail to respond to conventional oxygen therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"26 7","pages":"1098612X241249837"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of oral administration of pregabalin on physiological and echocardiographic variables in healthy cats.","authors":"Meng Li, Yue Wu, Hangbin Chen, Xinyi Xu, Haojie Peng, Bingyan Wei, Yunjie Zhu, Zhen Yang","doi":"10.1177/1098612X241250245","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1098612X241250245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a single dose of oral pregabalin (PGB) for sedation and its impact on physiological and echocardiographic variables in healthy cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a randomised, blinded, crossover trial. Eight cats were randomly assigned to receive PGB or placebo, with a 1-week washout period between each administration. Cats in the treatment group received oral PGB at varying doses (low dose: 2.5 mg/kg, medium dose: 5 mg/kg, high dose: 10 mg/kg). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (RR) and sedation score were measured at intervals of 30 mins after administration. Echocardiography was performed 120 mins after administration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oral administration of PGB 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg significantly increased sedation scores starting at 150 mins, while 10 mg/kg PGB showed a significant increase in sedation scores starting at 120 mins compared with placebo. PGB 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg resulted in a significant reduction in SBP compared with placebo, with minimal impact on PR and RR. In addition, PGB 10 mg/kg resulted in significant changes in the peak velocity of late diastolic transmitral flow (A) and the ratio of peak velocity of early diastolic transmitral flow and A; however, these changes were of marginal clinical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>A single dose of oral PGB could cause mild to moderate sedation. Hypotension was more prevalent in the PGB 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg groups among the majority of cats, but it was less frequently observed in the PGB 2.5 mg/kg group.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"26 7","pages":"1098612X241250245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2024 AAFP intercat tension guidelines: recognition, prevention and management.","authors":"Ilona Rodan, Daniela Ramos, Hazel Carney, Theresa DePorter, Debra F Horwitz, Daniel Mills, Kristyn Vitale","doi":"10.1177/1098612X241263465","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1098612X241263465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social tension or conflict between household cats is common but, because it often manifests as subtle behavioral changes, it can go unnoticed; it is precisely because most signs are subtle and unrecognized that the term 'tension' is used. Where associated tension-related chronic fear-anxiety leads to more overt behavioral concerns and stress-associated disease, cats may face relinquishment by caregivers or even euthanasia if the tension is not relieved. The '2024 AAFP intercat tension guidelines: recognition, prevention and management' have been authored by a Task Force of board-certified veterinary and applied behaviorists and clinical experts in feline medicine and behavior convened by the American Association of Feline Practitioners. The aim is to support veterinary professionals in understanding social behavior between cats and, more specifically, in recognizing intercat tension, preventing or minimizing its occurrence and managing the stressors. In developing the Guidelines, the Task Force has modified the five pillars of a healthy feline environment to provide a framework to assist the prevention or management of intercat tension in households with two or more cats. Because feline social behavior is often misunderstood, the Guidelines debunk 10 common myths that have the potential to negatively impact the wellbeing of companion cats. Extensively illustrated with visual examples of intercat tension and an Appendix detailing a number of case studies, the Guidelines also include a comprehensive table of psychotherapeutic medications, and a detailed algorithm that outlines a systematic approach to preventing, recognizing and resolving intercat tension. A step-by-step approach to introducing a new cat into a household with one or more resident cats is included to further support veterinarians, and a range of management tools to promote client education accompany the Guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"26 7","pages":"1098612X241263465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous ovulation in the cat: incidence among queens presented at a veterinary teaching facility.","authors":"Maria Carlos Pereira, Magdalena Schrank, Antonio Mollo, Stefano Romagnoli","doi":"10.1177/1098612X241248351","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1098612X241248351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The queen is recognised as an induced ovulator. Ovulation without male contact is generally regarded as spontaneous. The aim of this study was to provide an estimate of the incidence of spontaneous ovulation in a population of intact queens presented to a veterinary care facility for both reproductive and non-reproductive reasons. The secondary objective was to determine the roles of age, breed, body weight, presence of tom cats or other cycling queens, and physical contact with humans on triggering spontaneous ovulation, along with its implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum samples from post-pubertal intact queens presented between January 2020 and June 2023 to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Padova, Italy, were retrieved and assayed for progesterone (P4) levels. Serum P4 above 2.0 ng/ml without a history of male contact was considered as proof of spontaneous ovulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 31 serum samples from 29 intact post-pubertal queens were obtained. Of the 31 samples, 14 had a P4 concentration above 2.0 ng/ml and 9/29 (31.0%) queens ovulated spontaneously. The mean age and weight of the nine spontaneously ovulating queens were 4.3 ± 5.7 years and 3.7 ± 0.8 kg, respectively. One queen ovulated spontaneously at her first heat at 6 months of age, which makes it the earliest spontaneous ovulation reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>As both our findings and previous publications indicate that the incidence of spontaneous ovulation in queens is consistently ⩾30%, cats should not be considered strictly induced ovulators, but as a species in which ovulation can be either spontaneous or induced. Since the risk of progesterone-dependent conditions (cystic endometrial hyperplasia - pyometra complex, feline mammary hypertrophy) is increased in these queens, veterinarians should be aware and advise breeders and clients accordingly.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"26 7","pages":"1098612X241248351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feline Aortic Thromboembolism: Recent advances and future prospects.","authors":"Julien Guillaumin","doi":"10.1177/1098612X241257878","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1098612X241257878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Practical relevance: </strong>Feline aortic thromboembolism (FATE) is commonly encountered in clinical medicine, especially in emergency situations. This often devastating syndrome usually develops secondarily to severe heart disease, and has short- and long-term consequences.</p><p><strong>Clinical features: </strong>The clinical presentation of FATE is consistent with peripheral ischemic neuropathy, usually in both pelvic limbs. Diagnosis is relatively straightforward, but can be assisted with Doppler ultrasound, point-of-care ultrasound or infrared thermal imaging.</p><p><strong>Recent advances and future prospects: </strong>Interpretation of survival rates in cats with FATE has been hampered by historically high admission euthanasia, but recent studies suggest a survival rate with supportive care of 30-40%. Moreover, with advances in post-FATE thromboprophylaxis, median survival times of over 1 year are being achieved. Future directions include use of thrombolytic agents and treatment of common FATE sequelae such as acute kidney injury and reperfusion injury.</p><p><strong>Outline: </strong>This article, aimed at small animal veterinarians, including emergency practitioners, reviews key aspects of the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment options for FATE, with a view to guiding client and veterinarian decision-making. Three case studies are included to illustrate the practical application of information presented in the review.</p><p><strong>Evidence base: </strong>There are limited prospective studies on FATE, although the recent literature reflects a resurgence in clinical research interest in the past few years. Advances in FATE treatment will benefit many cats and it is important that research efforts continue to identify appropriate treatment modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"26 6","pages":"1098612X241257878"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11274361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histoplasmosis in domestic cats: new minimally invasive diagnostic techniques.","authors":"Mariana Palha de Brito Jardim, Andrew S Hanzlicek, Gabriela C Cid, Mario T Makita, Heloisa Jm Souza","doi":"10.1177/1098612X241248984","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1098612X241248984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the present study was to evaluate minimally invasive diagnostic techniques, such as the semi-quantitative indirect IgG antibody enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using blood serum and the urinary lateral flow assay (LFA), for the detection of <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> in cats with histoplasmosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight client-owned domestic cats diagnosed with histoplasmosis were selected based on cytological, histopathological, mycological, molecular or antigenic techniques. The blood serum of these animals was tested in a semi-quantitative indirect IgG antibody EIA for the detection of <i>H capsulatum</i>. Urine samples were tested for <i>H capsulatum</i> antigen using LFA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five cats were seropositive on IgG EIA (5/8, with diagnostic sensitivity equal to 62.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 24.5-91.5) and five cats were positive on <i>H capsulatum</i> antigen LFA (5/7, with diagnostic sensitivity equal to 71.4%; 95% CI 29.0-96.3). The combined diagnostic sensitivity when interpreted in parallel was 87.5% (7/8, 95% CI 47.3-99.7). The specificity for the anti-<i>Histoplasma</i> IgG EIA was 100% (95% CI 71.5-100) and for the <i>H capsulatum</i> antigen LFA it was also 100% (95% CI 71.5-100).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The semi-quantitative indirect IgG antibody EIA for the detection of <i>H capsulatum</i> in blood serum and the urinary LFA for the detection of the same agent emerge as new minimally invasive diagnostic techniques that can assist in the approach to disseminated and pulmonary feline histoplasmosis, especially when both techniques are considered together.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"26 6","pages":"1098612X241248984"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11274360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}