Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"The Epidemiological Impact of Community-Based Skin Camps on Leprosy Control in East Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia: a Modelling Study.","authors":"Thomas Hambridge, David J Blok, Ephrem Mamo, Jan Hendrik Richardus, Sake J de Vlas","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00370-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00370-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that remains a public health challenge in many low- and middle-income countries. The mainstay of leprosy control has been early detection and treatment through active case finding. In this study, we aimed to predict the epidemiological impact of community-based skin camps to shorten the period of leprosy case detection delay in a population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the individual-based model SIMCOLEP to predict the epidemiological impact of two successive community-based skin camps with 50%, 70% and 90% target population coverage conducted five years apart (in 2024 and 2029). The model was calibrated to the leprosy situation in East Hararghe zone, Ethiopia (2008-2023).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a short-term rise in the new case detection rate due to a backlog of cases being discovered, but no difference in the long run compared to the baseline situation (i.e., no intervention). However, all strategies substantially decreased the prevalence of undiagnosed symptomatic cases in the population. Skin camps with 50% coverage resulted in 21.8% (95% CI: 20.1-23.5%) fewer cases per million in 2035, while increasing the coverage to 90% led to a reduction of 33.0% (95% CI: 31.5-34.4%) in 2035. This impact was sustained for the skin camps with 90% coverage, with a 30.9% reduction compared to baseline in 2040.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that shortening the period of leprosy case detection delay through community-based skin camps could substantially reduce the prevalence of symptomatic cases in high endemic regions, leading to improved disease control.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Cricket World Cup Mass Gatherings Surveillance for Event-Based Surveillance in the Caribbean Region.","authors":"Keston Daniel, Mohamed Elsherbiny, Sastee Kissoondan, Lisa Indar","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00362-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00362-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To proactively identify and respond to potential health threats during mass gathering (MG) events using the regional MG Surveillance Framework across host countries for the 2024 T20 Cricket World Cup.</p><p><strong>Designs/methods: </strong>This framework, using multiple data sources, including the MG Surveillance module, provided daily intelligence and threat analysis to host nations. Specifically, the module allowed on-the-field data entry and immediate analysis; its infrastructure featured an Alerting mechanism built upon thresholds customized for MG events. Alerts were generated once thresholds were passed, notifying the relevant stakeholders immediately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one MG and Health Facility Sites were registered onto the system and surveillance teams across the host countries were able to digitally capture 146 cases (generating 17 syndromic cases; 14 acute gastroenteritis-related and 3 fever with respiratory symptoms). The system reported non-communicable health issues like accidents/injuries (33 cases) and heat-related illnesses (22 cases).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MG surveillance module illustrated its ability to provide health care practitioners and decision-makers with real-time data, syndromic alerts and analytics. The early warning and response mechanism facilitated early identification, communication and response to disease threats emanating from these events, and consequently reduce the risk of outbreak events that can overwhelm the health systems in the Caribbean.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional and National Burden of Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury in North Africa and Middle East Regions, 1990-2021: A Systematic Analysis for The Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","authors":"Seyed Ali Mofidi, Shahryar Rajai Firouzabadi, Ida Mohammadi, Aryan Aarabi, Mohammadreza Alinejadfard, Samin Sadraei, Sana Mohammad Soltani, Neda Izadi, Saba Goodarzi, Arman Shafiee","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00372-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00372-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) are significant central nervous system injuries with epidemiological importance, particularly in the North Africa and the Middle East (NAME) region, which is diverse in public health aspects across its 21 countries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to present an up-to-date assessment of the regional and national TBI and SCI burden and their causes in the NAME region from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) results tool to gather relevant data. The analysis included TBI and SCI incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) rates, along with absolute numbers and percent change trends by gender, age, and country from 1990 to 2021. We also examined the causes of TBI and SCI and identified the most common causes for each country.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, TBI age-standardized rates of incidence, prevalence, and YLDs were 333 (293, 380), 593 (553, 642), and 87 (63, 114) per 100,000 people, respectively. For SCI, the rates were 10 (7, 13), 256 (200, 344), and 78 (51, 115). Since 1990, incidence rates of TBI and SCI have decreased in most countries. Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, and Yemen experienced increasing incidence rates for both injuries. Transport injuries and unintentional injuries were the primary causes of TBI and SCI, respectively, in most countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite global trends showing a decreased burden of TBI and SCI, the NAME region's public health systems should remain vigilant. Both injuries are epidemiologically significant and require continued public health interventions to manage and control them in this particular region.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Spectrum and Outcomes of Ocular Syphilis in Saudi Arabia: The Emergence of a Uveitic Masquerader.","authors":"Abrar A Alhawsawi, Abeer Aljahdali, Enas Magharbil, Asma Alzuabi, Abdulrahman F Albloushi, Dhoha Alhamad, Abrar K Alsalamah, Sulaiman M Alsulaiman, Fatimah Al Hammad, Moustafa S Magliyah, Hassan A Al-Dhibi","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00374-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00374-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective multicenter cohort study aimed to describe the clinical features and report the outcomes of the management of ocular syphilis in Saudi Arabia. Thirty-three eyes of 19 patients with ocular syphilis were reviewed, including data on visual acuity, signs of anterior and posterior uveitis, systemic work-up, and treatment outcomes. A total of 38 eyes from 19 patients were examined, with 33 eyes showing manifestations of ocular syphilis. The majority of patients (89.5%; n = 17) were males, with an average age of 40.6 ± 12 years. About one half of the patients (52.6%; n = 10) reported previous unprotected sexual encounters, and 26.3% had positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing. Systemic manifestations of syphilis were observed in 68.4% of the patients. Fourteen patients (73.7%) had bilateral disease. At presentation, the average Log MAR visual acuity was 0.81 ± 0.80 (Snellen equivalent = 20/120). Anterior chamber inflammation was seen in 72.7% of eyes (n = 28 eyes), while posterior segment examination revealed vitritis in 48.5% (n = 18 eyes), hyperemic optic discs in 62.5% (n = 24 eyes), and vascular sheathing in 46.9% (n = 17 eyes). Placoid lesions were observed in 51.5% of eyes (n = 20 eyes). The most common ocular syphilitic phenotypes were acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC) in 54.5% of eyes (n = 21 eyes) and necrotizing retinochoroiditis in 15.2% (n = 6 eyes). Treatment included intravenous penicillin G for 14 days in 12 patients, intramuscular penicillin G in 2 patients, and systemic ceftriaxone in 2 patients. All treated patients showed clinical improvement, with a mean follow-up duration of 6.5 ± 4.5 weeks and a significant improvement in mean Log MAR visual acuity to 0.23 ± 0.46 (Snellen equivalent = 20/30; P < 0.001). These findings highlight the emergence of ocular syphilis in Saudi Arabia and the need for ophthalmologists to recognize its diverse clinical and multimodal retinal imaging features to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11850686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reintegration of Children Previously Associated with Conflicts - Case Study from Yemen.","authors":"Abdullah A Al Rabeeah, Jawaher Abdullah Almuhanna, Shahul H Ebrahim, Ziad A Memish","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00375-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00375-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11850657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Based Surveillance of Acute Flaccid Paralysis: A Review on Detection and Reporting Strategy.","authors":"Gelane Biru, Honey Gemechu, Eyerusalem Gebremeskel, Hundessa Daba Nemomssa, Kokeb Dese, Efrem Wakjira, Gashaw Demlew, Dessalew Yohannes, Ketema Lemma Abdi, Hamdia Murad, Elbetel Taye Zewde, Bontu Habtamu, Mesfin Tefera, Mikias Alayu, Netsanet Workneh Gidi, Filimona Bisrat, Tenager Tadesse, Legesse Kidanne, Se-Woon Choe, Jude Kong, Gelan Ayana","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00349-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00349-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polio is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects children under 15, often leading to permanent paralysis, known as acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). AFP surveillance is essential for the eradication of polio, with community-based surveillance (CBS) playing a pivotal role in detecting and reporting cases. CBS improves the timeliness and accuracy of AFP detection, but challenges such as underreporting, delays, and low community awareness persist. Strategies involving use of mobile applications, awareness campaigns, and improvements in healthcare infrastructure were implemented to improve CBS of AFP. While numerous case studies from various countries illustrate the implementation of CBS, a comprehensive synthesis of these studies across diverse contexts is limited. This paper examines state-of-the-art CBS approaches for AFP, analyzing progress, challenges, and potential solutions. A targeted literature review of English-language studies published between 2004 and 2024 was conducted, focusing on the roles of communities, technological integration, and practical recommendations, while excluding studies that lacked methodological rigor or direct relevance. The review revealed that CBS has significantly advanced the global fight against polio by increasing community awareness, enabling earlier detection, and improving the reporting of AFP cases. However, issues such as security concerns, delayed reporting, low levels of community awareness, and underutilization of technology persist. This review recommends strengthening organizational structures, improving healthcare access, raising community awareness, and using technology for more efficient AFP surveillance. The implication of this work is beyond polio as it offers a comprehensive framework for integrating disease surveillance, technology and community involvement to strengthen public health strategies and build robust health systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Heated Tobacco Products and Placental Abruption: A Prospective Cohort Study Using Online Questionnaire.","authors":"Hikaru Ooba, Jota Maki, Takahiro Tabuchi, Hisashi Masuyama","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00373-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00373-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Placental abruption (PA) is a critical obstetric complication, with maternal smoking recognized as a key risk factor. Despite the increased use of heated tobacco products (HTPs), the impact of HTPs remains unclear. This study investigated whether pregnant women using HTPs are at a higher risk of PA than non-users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from \"the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey,\" a prospective, self-reported online survey cohort. Questionnaires were randomly distributed between July 28, 2021, and August 30, 2021. Pregnant respondents in 2021 were invited to complete an additional survey from February 14, 2022, to February 28, 2022. We set the outcome as the absolute risk difference (aRD) and relative risk ratio (rRR) of PA incidence due to smoking HTPs in the first trimester of pregnancy. The sample size included 12 836 participants. We calculated outcomes using a generalized linear model (GLM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). We also performed a Bayesian approach and multiple-bias analysis for sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found the robust aRD of 0.07 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.06, 0.09) and the rRR of 11.3 (95% CI: 7.5, 17.0). Multiple bias analyses showed that unmeasurable confounders would need to have at least an rRR = 14 relationship with both exposure and outcome to disprove the observed association. There has not been post hoc analysis or secondary use of data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early pregnancy use of HTPs is associated with an increased risk of PA.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Characteristics and Disease Burden of Tuberculous Meningitis in Hospitalized Children in China: A Nationwide Retrospective Study.","authors":"Xiao Peng, Xinyu Wang, Yuanyuan Liu, Hui Yang, Haiming Yang, Guoshuang Feng, Yongli Guo, Huimin Li, Jie Lu","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00358-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00358-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the epidemiological profile and cost burden of pediatric inpatients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a descriptive multicenter study involving pediatric TBM inpatients from 9 provincial hospitals and 20 municipal hospitals across 24 provinces in China from January 2016 to December 2021. Sociodemographic and geographic variables, admission and discharge information were extracted from face sheets of discharge medical records to describe the epidemiological characteristics. Length of hospital stay (LOS) and hospitalization expenses were used to assess disease burden.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TBM accounted for 0.01% (971/7,647,598) of total hospitalization cases and 15.82% (971/6,138) of TB cases. The proportion of TBM children aged 1-3 (39.13%, 380/971) years were the highest. TBM children aged < 1 year had longest LOS (12d) and highest total costs ($2447.55). Minority patients had a higher proportion of TBM hospitalizations (24.09% vs 13.79%), longer LOS (11d) and higher diagnostic costs ($745.95 vs $628.47) than Han people. The northwest region had the highest rate of TBM hospitalization (n = 272, 28.01%) and the longest LOS (8d). TBM + PTB group exhibited the highest rate of outpatient admission (78.51%,263/335), shortest LOS (5d) and lowest total cost ($1729.75) and diagnostic cost ($827.30). The most prevalent concomitant TB infection site was the lung (n = 494, 50.82%). TBM + PTB + other EPTB group had the longest LOS (14d) and highest total cost ($3380.54).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pediatric TBM poses substantial disease burden in China, especially in western regions and children under six years old. Early diagnosis and treatment for children with TBM should be suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Vascular Thrombosis in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: A Single Center Study and Comparison with National Data.","authors":"Rehab Y Al-Ansari, Raghad Hamdi Al-Saidalani, Abdulrahman Saeed Al-Shamrani, Abdulrahman Eidah Al-Thomali, Safa Hamdan, Zechariah Jebakumar Arulanantham, Alexander Woodman","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00363-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00363-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the growing evidence on the thrombophilia in Saudi population along its diverse regions, there have been no studies on thrombotic events in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. This single-center study aimed to investigate the prevalence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a hematology clinic in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia between January 2015 and May 2023. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of VTE and compare them with national data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective, observational, single-center study conducted in the Eastern Province from January 2015 to May 2023. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the prevalence rate calculation an analysis of n = 170 patients was conducted to compare the epidemiological results of the current study with national data published in other provinces of Saudi Arabia. Data collected included demographics, comorbidities and location with thrombosis recurrence.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The prevalence rate of VTE in this cohort was 3.16%. Women made up 70% of the population. About 80.5% of cases were obese or overweight, 37.6% of cases had comorbidities that may increase the risk of thrombosis, and 12.9% of cases were associated with smoking. The most common site of VTE (56.5%) and the site of higher recurrence of VTE (21.8%) was the lower extremities. In addition, recurrent VTE was observed in 28.2% of cases, reflecting a significantly higher recurrence rate compared with other national studies (p = 0.001). Compared with other national statistics, the most significant risk factors for thrombosis in the Eastern Province were smoking, obesity and family history (p = 0.000). Compared with national statistics, this study demonstrated significantly higher rates of VTE in pregnancy, patients on hormonal therapy, and patients with rheumatological/autoimmune diseases (p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of VTE can be reduced by changing lifestyles and creating educational programs to educate people about the dangers of obesity and smoking.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-Operative Markers of Post-Operative Complications in Pancreatic Cancer Patients: A Single-Center Study.","authors":"Sally Temraz, Maya Charafeddine, Mohammad Jawad Khalifeh, Ali Shamseddine","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00371-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00371-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pancreatic cancer remains a deadly disease with a low survival rate specifically if diagnosed at later stages. Surgery is one of the mainstay treatments for early stage disease but is accompanied by significant mortality and morbidity even in high volume centers. In the present study we wanted to determine the influence of pre-operative weight loss, BMI and liver function tests on postoperative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for patients who underwent pancreatic surgery at the American University of Beirut Medical Center between 1998 and 2017 were analyzed. The data included patient demographics, pathologic diagnosis, stage, nodal involvement, tumor grade, surgical margin, type of adjuvant therapy, liver function tests and post-operative complications. The correlation and p-value were determined by the chi-square test with p-value < 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 236 patients. 63% were males and mean age was 60 years. A total of 96 (41%) patients had significant weight loss prior to surgery and 173 (31%) had a BMI > 30 kg/m2 which were considered obese. Obesity and significant weight loss were associated with increased risk of post-operative complications (P = 0.013 and P = 0.004, respectively). Transaminases and cholestatic liver enzymes were not associated with post-operative complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Assessment and management of nutritional status particularly weight loss and BMI prior to pancreatic cancer surgery may influence postoperative outcomes in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}