Computed Tomography (CT) Patterns of Hepatic Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) Cysts: A 19-Year Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Center in Sana'a, Yemen.

Abstract

Background: Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, a hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE), is a major public health concern in endemic regions, such as Yemen. Understanding their prevalence, computed tomography (CT) patterns, and socio-demographic characteristics is crucial for effective disease management.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of 835 patients diagnosed with hepatic CE cysts at Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen, between 2004 and 2023. Data on patient demographics, CE cyst characteristics, WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis (IWGE) classification, and radiological evidence suggestive of complications were collected from the CT reports and analyzed using SPSS version 26.

Results: The patients (66.47% female, median age 35 years) had 1,669 cysts, which were predominantly solitary (67%) and located in the right lobe (50.06%). The most common classifications were CE1 (38.56%) and CE3 (34.02%). The most common radiological finding suggestive of a complication was mass effect (38%). Other findings included intrabiliary rupture (4%) and intraperitoneal rupture (1.4%) with an annual mean of 44 cases.

Conclusions: The high prevalence, especially among young females, underscores the need for improved hygiene, standardized CT reporting for complex or preoperative cases, and a national registry to control this disease in Yemen.