Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Determinants of urinary dialkyl phosphate metabolites in midlife women: the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study (SWAN-MPS).","authors":"Sung-Hee Seo, Stuart Batterman, Carrie A Karvonen-Gutierrez, Sung Kyun Park","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00672-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00672-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biomonitoring data and determinants of urinary dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites, markers of organophosphate pesticides, in racially diverse, non-occupationally exposed populations are scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated urinary concentrations and potential determinants of DAP metabolites of organophosphate pesticides in a multi-site, multi-racial/ethnic cohort of women aged 45-56 years, the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study (SWAN-MPS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 963 urine samples collected in 1999-2000, the baseline of SWAN-MPS for longitudinal studies, and quantified DAP metabolites, including dimethyl alkylphosphates (DMAPs): dimethylphosphate (DMP), dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP); and diethyl alkylphosphates (DEAPs): diethylphosphate (DEP), diethylthiophosphate (DETP), diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP), using gas chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectroscopy. Adjusted least squared geometric means (LSGMs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to compare DAP concentrations by socio-demographic, behavioral and dietary factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The geometric means (geometric standard deviations) of total DAPs, DMAPs, and DEAPs were 141 (2.63) nmol/L, 102 (2.99) nmol/L, and 26.8 (2.46) nmol/L, respectively. Body mass index (BMI) was inversely associated with DMAPs and DEAPs: LSGM (95% CI) = 68.8 (55.7-84.9) and 21.0 (17.7-25.0) nmol/L for women with obesity vs. 102 (84.7-123) and 30.1 (25.7-35.1) nmol/L for women with normal/underweight, respectively. Fruit consumption was positively (74.9 (62.1-90.2) for less than 5-6 servings/week vs. 105 (84.8-130) nmol/L for 1 serving/day and more) whereas meat consumption was inversely associated with DMAPs (110 (95.0-128) for seldom vs. 82.3 (59.5-114) nmol/L for often consumption). Fresh apple consumption appears to be attributed to the DMAP differences. Alcohol consumption was positively associated with DEAPs (27.5 (23.1-32.7) for 2 drinks/week and more vs. 23.0 (20.0-26.6) nmol/L for less than 1 drink/month). Black women had higher concentrations of DEAPs compared with White women (27.3 (21.2-35.2) vs. 23.2 (20.2-26.7) nmol/L).</p><p><strong>Impact statement: </strong>Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are synthetic chemicals and currently the most widely used type of insecticides. We examined multi-site, multi-ethnic cohort of midlife women in the U.S. that offers a unique opportunity to evaluate major determinants of OP exposure. We improved OP metabolite detection rates and obtained accurate concentrations using an improved analytical technique. Our findings suggest that consumptions of fruit, meat and alcohol are important determinants of OP exposure for midlife women. Higher concentrations of diethyl OP metabolites in Black women compared to White women, even after accounting for dietary intake, suggests additional, but unknown racial","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11720950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does socioeconomic and environmental burden affect vulnerability to extreme air pollution and heat? A case-crossover study of mortality in California.","authors":"Mehjar Azzouz, Zainab Hasan, Md Mostafijur Rahman, W James Gauderman, Melissa Lorenzo, Frederick W Lurmann, Sandrah P Eckel, Lawrence Palinkas, Jill Johnston, Michael Hurlburt, Sam J Silva, Hannah Schlaerth, Joseph Ko, George Ban-Weiss, Rob McConnell, Leo Stockfelt, Erika Garcia","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00676-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00676-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extreme heat and air pollution is associated with increased mortality. Recent evidence suggests the combined effects of both is greater than the effects of each individual exposure. Low neighborhood socioeconomic status (\"socioeconomic burden\") has also been associated with increased exposure and vulnerability to both heat and air pollution. We investigated if neighborhood socioeconomic burden or the combination of socioeconomic and environmental exposures (\"socioenvironmental burden\") modified the effect of combined exposure to extreme heat and particulate air pollution on mortality in California.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a time-stratified case-crossover design to assess the impact of daily exposure to extreme particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and heat on cardiovascular, respiratory, and all-cause mortality in California 2014-2019. Daily average PM<sub>2.5</sub> and maximum temperatures based on decedent's residential census tract were dichotomized as extreme or not. Census tract-level socioenvironmental and socioeconomic burden was assessed with the CalEnviroScreen (CES) score and a social deprivation index (SDI), and individual educational attainment was derived from death certificates. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate associations of heat and PM<sub>2.5</sub> with mortality with a product term used to evaluate effect measure modification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period 1,514,292 all-cause deaths could be assigned residential exposures. Extreme heat and air pollution alone and combined were associated with increased mortality, matching prior reports. Decedents in census tracts with higher socioenvironmental and socioeconomic burden experienced more days with extreme PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure. However, we found no consistent effect measure modification by CES or SDI on combined or separate extreme heat and PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure on odds of total, cardiovascular or respiratory mortality. No effect measure modification was observed for individual education attainment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We did not find evidence that neighborhood socioenvironmental- or socioeconomic burden significantly influenced the individual or combined impact of extreme exposures to heat and PM<sub>2.5</sub> on mortality in California.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>We investigated the effect measure modification by socioeconomic and socioenvironmental of the co-occurrence of heat and PM<sub>2.5</sub>, which adds support to the limited previous literature on effect measure modification by socioeconomic and socioenvironmental burden of heat alone and PM<sub>2.5</sub> alone. We found no consistent effect measure modification by neighborhood socioenvironmental and socioeconomic burden or individual level SES of the mortality association with extreme heat and PM<sub>2.5</sub> co-exposure. However, we did find increased number of days with extreme PM<sub>2.5</","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The application of PTR-MS and non-targeted analysis to characterize VOCs emitted from a plastic recycling facility fire.","authors":"Eva C M Vitucci, Oladayo Oladeji, Albert A Presto, Carolyn L Cannon, Natalie M Johnson","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00681-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00681-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>On April 11th, 2023, the My Way Trading (MWT) recycling facility in Richmond, Indiana caught fire, mandating the evacuation of local residents and necessitating the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to conduct air monitoring. The EPA detected elevated levels of plastic combustion-related air pollutants, including hydrogen cyanide and benzene.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to identify these and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present as well as to identify the potential hazard of each compound for various human health effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To identify the VOCs, we conducted air monitoring at sites within and bordering the evacuation zone using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) and non-targeted analysis (NTA). To facilitate risk assessment of the emitted VOCs, we used the EPA Hazard Comparison Dashboard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 46 VOCs, within and outside the evacuation zone, with average detection levels above local background levels measured in Middletown, OH. Levels of hydrogen cyanide and 4 other VOCs were at least 1.8-fold higher near the incidence site in comparison to background levels and displayed unique temporal and spatial patterns. The 46 VOCs identified had the highest hazardous potential for eye and skin irritation, with approximately 45% and 39%, respectively, of the VOCs classified as high and very high hazards for these endpoints. Notably, all detected VOC levels were below the hazard thresholds set for single VOC exposures; however, hazard thresholds for exposure to VOC mixtures are currently unclear.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This study serves as a proof-of-concept that PTR-MS coupled with NTA can facilitate rapid identification and hazard assessment of VOCs emitted following anthropogenic disasters. Furthermore, it demonstrates that this approach may augment future disaster responses to quantify additional VOCs present in complex combustion mixtures.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140850897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring human exposure to four parabens and triclosan: comparing silicone wristbands with spot urine samples as predictors of internal dose","authors":"Jessica L. Levasseur,&nbsp;Kate Hoffman,&nbsp;Sharon Zhang,&nbsp;Ellen M. Cooper,&nbsp;Heather M. Stapleton","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00663-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00663-0","url":null,"abstract":"People are exposed to a variety of chemicals each day as a result of their personal care product (PCP) use. This study was designed to determine if silicone wristbands provide a quantitative estimate of internal dose for phenols commonly associated with PCPs, with a focus on triclosan and four parabens: methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, and butylparaben. Uptake of these compounds into wristbands and correlations with internal dose were assessed. Ten adults from central North Carolina wore five silicone wristbands, with one wristband removed each day for 5 days. Each participant provided a 24 h urine sample and a random spot urine sample each day, in which paraben and triclosan metabolites were evaluated. All parabens and triclosan were detected frequently in wristbands and, except for butylparaben, in urine samples. Wristband and spot urine concentrations of parabens and triclosan were both compared to a measurement of internal dose (i.e., the total metabolite mass excreted over 5 days as a measurement of internal dose). The two most hydrophobic compounds investigated, butylparaben and triclosan, displayed significant linear uptake in wristbands over 5 days, whereas concentrations of methyl- and ethylparaben displayed a steady state concentration. In general, wristbands and spot urine samples were similarly correlated to internal dose for frequently detected parabens and triclosan. &nbsp;However, wristbands have additional advantages including higher detection rates and reduced participant burden that may make them more suitable tools for assessing exposure to PCPs.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"34 4","pages":"670-678"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11303247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal mixture exposures and serum lipid levels in childhood: the Rhea mother-child cohort in Greece","authors":"Gyeyoon Yim,&nbsp;Katerina Margetaki,&nbsp;Megan E. Romano,&nbsp;Maria Kippler,&nbsp;Marina Vafeiadi,&nbsp;Theano Roumeliotaki,&nbsp;Vicky Bempi,&nbsp;Shohreh F. Farzan,&nbsp;Leda Chatzi,&nbsp;Caitlin G. Howe","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00674-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00674-x","url":null,"abstract":"Growing evidence suggests that cardiovascular disease develops over the lifetime, often beginning in childhood. Metal exposures have been associated with cardiovascular disease and important risk factors, including dyslipidemia, but prior studies have largely focused on adult populations and single metal exposures. To investigate the individual and joint impacts of multiple metal exposures on lipid levels during childhood. This cross-sectional study included 291 4-year-old children from the Rhea Cohort Study in Heraklion, Greece. Seven metals (manganese, cobalt, selenium, molybdenum, cadmium, mercury, and lead) were measured in whole blood using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Serum lipid levels included total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. To determine the joint and individual impacts of child metal exposures (log2-transformed) on lipid levels, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was employed as the primary multi-pollutant approach. Potential effect modification by child sex and childhood environmental tobacco smoke exposure was also evaluated. BKMR identified a positive association between the metal mixture and both total and LDL cholesterol. Of the seven metals examined, selenium (median 90.6 [IQR = 83.6, 96.5] µg/L) was assigned the highest posterior inclusion probability for both total and LDL cholesterol. A difference in LDL cholesterol of 8.22 mg/dL (95% CI = 1.85, 14.59) was observed when blood selenium was set to its 75th versus 25th percentile, holding all other metals at their median values. In stratified analyses, the positive association between selenium and LDL cholesterol was only observed among boys or among children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke during childhood. Growing evidence indicates that cardiovascular events in adulthood are the consequence of the lifelong atherosclerotic process that begins in childhood. Therefore, public health interventions targeting childhood cardiovascular risk factors may have a particularly profound impact on reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease. Although growing evidence supports that both essential and nonessential metals contribute to cardiovascular disease and risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, prior studies have mainly focused on single metal exposures in adult populations. To address this research gap, the current study investigated the joint impacts of multiple metal exposures on lipid concentrations in early childhood.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"34 4","pages":"688-698"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140848893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-silico prediction of dislodgeable foliar residues and regulatory implications for plant protection products.","authors":"Yi Shi, Kanak Choudhury, Xiaoyi Sopko, Sarah Adham, Edward Chikwana","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00675-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-024-00675-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>When experimentally determined dislodgeable foliar residue (DFR) values are not available, regulatory agencies use conservative default DFR values as a first-tier approach to assess post-application dermal exposures to plant protection products (PPPs). These default values are based on a limited set of field studies, are very conservative, and potentially overestimate exposures from DFRs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Use Random Forest to develop classification and regression-type ensemble models to predict DFR values after last application (DFR0) by considering experimentally-based variability due to differences in physical and chemical properties of PPPs, agronomic practices, crop type, and climatic conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Random Forest algorithm was used to develop in-silico ensemble DFR0 prediction models using more than 100 DFR studies from Corteva Agriscience^TM. Several variables related to the active ingredient (a.i.) that was applied, crop, and climate conditions at the time of last application were considered as model parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed ensemble models demonstrated 98% prediction accuracy that if a DFR0 is predicted to be less than the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) default DFR0 value of 3 µg/cm²/kg a.i./ha, it is highly indicative that the measured DFR value will be less than the default if the study is conducted. If a value is predicted to be larger than or equal to the EFSA default, the model has an 83% prediction accuracy.</p><p><strong>Impact statement: </strong>This manuscript is expected to have significant impact globally as it provides: A framework for incorporating in silico DFR data into worker exposure assessment, A roadmap for a tiered approach for conducting re-entry exposure assessment, and A proof of concept for using existing DFR data to provide a read-across framework that can easily be harmonized across all regulatory agencies to provide more robust assessments for PPP exposures.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal exposure to environmental contaminants and cord serum metabolite profiles in future immune-mediated diseases","authors":"Bagavathy Shanmugam Karthikeyan,&nbsp;Tuulia Hyötyläinen,&nbsp;Tannaz Ghaffarzadegan,&nbsp;Eric Triplett,&nbsp;Matej Orešič,&nbsp;Johnny Ludvigsson","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00680-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00680-z","url":null,"abstract":"Prenatal exposure to environmental contaminants is a significant health concern because it has the potential to interfere with host metabolism, leading to adverse health effects in early childhood and later in life. Growing evidence suggests that genetic and environmental factors, as well as their interactions, play a significant role in the development of autoimmune diseases. In this study, we hypothesized that prenatal exposure to environmental contaminants impacts cord serum metabolome and contributes to the development of autoimmune diseases. We selected cord serum samples from All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) general population cohort, from infants who later developed one or more autoimmune-mediated and inflammatory diseases: celiac disease (CD), Crohn’s disease (IBD), hypothyroidism (HT), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and type 1 diabetes (T1D) (all cases, N = 62), along with matched controls (N = 268). Using integrated exposomics and metabolomics mass spectrometry (MS) based platforms, we determined the levels of environmental contaminants and metabolites. Differences in exposure levels were found between the controls and those who later developed various diseases. High contaminant exposure levels were associated with changes in metabolome, including amino acids and free fatty acids. Specifically, we identified marked associations between metabolite profiles and exposure levels of deoxynivalenol (DON), bisphenol S (BPS), and specific per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS). Abnormal metabolism is a common feature preceding several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. However, few studies compared common and specific metabolic patterns preceding these diseases. Here we hypothesized that exposure to environmental contaminants impacts cord serum metabolome, which may contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases. We found differences in exposure levels between the controls and those who later developed various diseases, and importantly, on the metabolic changes associated with the exposures. High contaminant exposure levels were associated with specific changes in metabolome. Our study suggests that prenatal exposure to specific environmental contaminants alters the cord serum metabolomes, which, in turn, might increase the risk of various immune-mediated diseases.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"34 4","pages":"647-658"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-024-00680-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140811594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between satellite-derived estimates of PM2.5 species concentrations for organic carbon, elemental carbon, nitrate, and sulfate with birth weight and preterm birth in California during 2005-2014.","authors":"Patrick S Reuther, Guannan Geng, Yang Liu, Lyndsey A Darrow, Matthew J Strickland","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00673-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00673-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Characterizing the spatial distribution of PM_2.5 species concentrations is challenging due to the geographic sparsity of the stationary monitoring network. Recent advances have enabled valid estimation of PM_2.5 species concentrations using satellite remote sensing data for use in epidemiologic studies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we used satellite-based estimates of ambient PM_2.5 species concentrations to estimate associations with birth weight and preterm birth in California.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Daily 24 h averaged ground-level PM_2.5 species concentrations of organic carbon, elemental carbon, nitrate, and sulfate were estimated during 2005-2014 in California at 1 km resolution. Birth records were linked to ambient pollutant exposures based on maternal residential zip code. Linear regression and Cox regression were conducted to estimate the effect of 1 µg/m³ increases in PM_2.5 species concentrations on birth weight and preterm birth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses included 4.7 million live singleton births having a median 28 days with exposure measurements per pregnancy. In single pollutant models, the observed changes in mean birth weight (per 1 µg/m³ increase in speciated PM_2.5 concentrations) were: organic carbon -3.12 g (CI: -4.71, -1.52), elemental carbon -14.20 g (CI: -18.76, -9.63), nitrate -5.51 g (CI: -6.79, -4.23), and sulfate 9.26 g (CI: 7.03, 11.49). Results from multipollutant models were less precise due to high correlation between pollutants. Associations with preterm birth were null, save for a negative association between sulfate and preterm birth (Hazard Ratio per 1 µg/m³ increase: 0.973 CI: 0.958, 0.987).</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11502512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a geographical–meteorological indicator system and evaluating prediction models for alveolar echinococcosis in China","authors":"Chuizhao Xue, Baixue Liu, Yan Kui, Weiping Wu, Xiaonong Zhou, Ning Xiao, Shuai Han, Canjun Zheng","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00664-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-024-00664-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Geographical and meteorological factors have been reported to influence the prevalence of echinococcosis, but there’s a lack of indicator system and model.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objective</h3><p>To provide further insight into the impact of geographical and meteorological factors on AE prevalence and establish a theoretical basis for prevention and control.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Principal component and regression analysis were used to screen and establish a three-level indicator system. Relative weights were examined to determine the impact of each indicator, and five mathematical models were compared to identify the best predictive model for AE epidemic levels.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>By analyzing the data downloaded from the China Meteorological Data Service Center and Geospatial Data Cloud, we established the KCBIS, including 50 basic indicators which could be directly obtained online, 15 characteristic indicators which were linear combination of the basic indicators and showed a linear relationship with AE epidemic, and 8 key indicators which were characteristic indicators with a clearer relationships and fewer mixed effects. The relative weight analysis revealed that monthly precipitation, monthly cold days, the difference between negative and positive temperature anomalies, basic air temperature conditions, altitude, the difference between positive and negative atmospheric pressure anomalies, monthy extremely hot days, and monthly fresh breeze days were correlated with the natural logarithm of AE prevalence, with sequential decreases in their relative weights. The multinomial logistic regression model was the best predictor at epidemic levels 1, 3, 5, and 6, whereas the CART model was the best predictor at epidemic levels 2, 4, and 5.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140805864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the safe noise exposure level to prevent noise-induced hearing loss?","authors":"Daniel Fink","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00660-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00660-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"124-128"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-024-00660-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140616143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}