Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Determinants of urinary dialkyl phosphate metabolites in midlife women: the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study (SWAN-MPS).","authors":"Sung-Hee Seo, Stuart Batterman, Carrie A Karvonen-Gutierrez, Sung Kyun Park","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00672-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00672-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biomonitoring data and determinants of urinary dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites, markers of organophosphate pesticides, in racially diverse, non-occupationally exposed populations are scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated urinary concentrations and potential determinants of DAP metabolites of organophosphate pesticides in a multi-site, multi-racial/ethnic cohort of women aged 45-56 years, the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study (SWAN-MPS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 963 urine samples collected in 1999-2000, the baseline of SWAN-MPS for longitudinal studies, and quantified DAP metabolites, including dimethyl alkylphosphates (DMAPs): dimethylphosphate (DMP), dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP); and diethyl alkylphosphates (DEAPs): diethylphosphate (DEP), diethylthiophosphate (DETP), diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP), using gas chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectroscopy. Adjusted least squared geometric means (LSGMs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to compare DAP concentrations by socio-demographic, behavioral and dietary factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The geometric means (geometric standard deviations) of total DAPs, DMAPs, and DEAPs were 141 (2.63) nmol/L, 102 (2.99) nmol/L, and 26.8 (2.46) nmol/L, respectively. Body mass index (BMI) was inversely associated with DMAPs and DEAPs: LSGM (95% CI) = 68.8 (55.7-84.9) and 21.0 (17.7-25.0) nmol/L for women with obesity vs. 102 (84.7-123) and 30.1 (25.7-35.1) nmol/L for women with normal/underweight, respectively. Fruit consumption was positively (74.9 (62.1-90.2) for less than 5-6 servings/week vs. 105 (84.8-130) nmol/L for 1 serving/day and more) whereas meat consumption was inversely associated with DMAPs (110 (95.0-128) for seldom vs. 82.3 (59.5-114) nmol/L for often consumption). Fresh apple consumption appears to be attributed to the DMAP differences. Alcohol consumption was positively associated with DEAPs (27.5 (23.1-32.7) for 2 drinks/week and more vs. 23.0 (20.0-26.6) nmol/L for less than 1 drink/month). Black women had higher concentrations of DEAPs compared with White women (27.3 (21.2-35.2) vs. 23.2 (20.2-26.7) nmol/L).</p><p><strong>Impact statement: </strong>Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are synthetic chemicals and currently the most widely used type of insecticides. We examined multi-site, multi-ethnic cohort of midlife women in the U.S. that offers a unique opportunity to evaluate major determinants of OP exposure. We improved OP metabolite detection rates and obtained accurate concentrations using an improved analytical technique. Our findings suggest that consumptions of fruit, meat and alcohol are important determinants of OP exposure for midlife women. Higher concentrations of diethyl OP metabolites in Black women compared to White women, even after accounting for dietary intake, suggests additional, but unknown racial","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"590-601"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11720950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Derivation of human toxicokinetic parameters and internal threshold of toxicological concern for tenuazonic acid through a human intervention trial and hierarchical Bayesian population modeling.","authors":"Lia Visintin, En-Hsuan Lu, Hsing-Chieh Lin, Yasmine Bader, Truong Nhat Nguyen, Thanos Mouchtaris Michailidis, Sarah De Saeger, Weihsueh A Chiu, Marthe De Boevre","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00746-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00746-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tenuazonic acid (TeA), a mycotoxin produced by Alternaria alternata, contaminates various food commodities and is known to cause acute and chronic health effects. However, the lack of human toxicokinetic (TK) data and the reliance on external exposure estimates have stalled a comprehensive risk assessment for TeA.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To bridge this gap, a human TK trial and population-based TK (PopTK) modeling were applied to determine human TK parameters of TeA, and the results were applied for risk screening using population biomonitoring data and threshold of toxicological concern (TTC)-based approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten healthy volunteers participated in the TK trial during which the volunteers ingested a bolus dose of TeA at the (external) TTC (1500 ng/kg bw). Blood, urine, and fecal samples were collected over 48 h and analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS. Concentration-time profiles were fit with a multi-compartmental PopTK model using a hierarchical Bayesian population structure. Utilizing a probabilistic framework, fitted TK parameters were used to derive internal TTC (iTTC) values for comparison to blood and urine biomonitoring data. Risk screening with data from five diverse biomonitoring cohorts was performed using Hazard Quotient (HQ) and probabilistic individual margin of exposure (IMOE) approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TeA was estimated to have a population median half-life of 1.9 [90% CI: 1.4-2.7] hours and volume of distribution of 4.4 [3.1-6.1] L/kg, with inter-individual variability geometric standard deviations of 2.4- and 1.7-fold, respectively. Probabilistic lower confidence bound iTTCs were derived of 0.5 nmol/L in blood and 2.53 nmol/kg-d urinary excretion. Risk screening HQs were mostly >1 for the three blood biomonitoring cohorts and < 1 for the two urinary biomonitoring cohorts; results from probabilistic IMOE calculations were qualitatively consistent.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>A comprehensive human TK study was performed for TeA for the first time, demonstrating the importance of integrating TK and population variability for a more comprehensive risk evaluation, particularly for interpreting biomonitoring data. The results for TeA point to the critical need for toxicity data to move beyond TTC-based risk screening.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>A critical gap in food safety research was addressed studying the toxicokinetics of tenuazonic acid (TeA) in humans and using these data to derive an internal threshold of toxicological concern (iTTC) for comparison to human biomonitoring data. The innovative approach-combining a human intervention trial with population-based toxicokinetic modeling-accounts for inter-individual variability and provides a more comprehensive understanding of population exposure to TeA. The resulting probabilistic iTTC and risk screening methodologies offer improved tools for interpretation of biomonitoring data. These fi","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"632-643"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7617506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143039264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suspect screening of bisphenol A (BPA) structural analogues and functional alternatives in human milk from Canada and South Africa.","authors":"Zhi Hao Chi, Lan Liu, Jingyun Zheng, Lei Tian, Jonathan Chevrier, Riana Bornman, Muvhulawa Obida, Cindy Gates Goodyer, Barbara F Hales, Stéphane Bayen","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00782-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00782-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plastic-related contaminants, such as bisphenols, can enter the maternal body and be transferred to breast milk. While common bisphenols such as bisphenol A, S, F and AF have been detected in previous studies, there is limited knowledge about the occurrence of other structurally similar compounds in human milk with potential endocrine-disrupting properties.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we investigated structural analogues and functional alternatives of bisphenol A (BPA) in 594 human milk samples collected from Canada (Montreal) and South Africa (Vhembe and Pretoria) using LC-Q-TOF-MS through suspect screening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Suspect screening was performed using data collected from the milk samples using a customized database library (204 compounds). A retrospective semi-quantitative approach was then applied to estimate the levels of TGSA, D-8 and D-90 in human milk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This work revealed the presence of eleven compounds, including four compounds commonly used in thermal labels, four ultraviolet filters, and three synthetic antioxidants or metabolites. Retrospective semi-quantification of D-8, D-90 and TGSA revealed levels of up to 1.24, 1.98, and 0.72 ng/mL in milk, respectively.</p><p><strong>Impact statement: </strong>Several structural analogues and functional alternatives of bisphenol A were identified in human milk through non-targeted screening. Two other phenolic compounds (Irganox 1010 and BHT-COOH) were identified in human milk for the first time. This study highlights the importance of novel strategies in human milk biomonitoring to identify emerging contaminants to which breastfeeding infants are exposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"557-566"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between indoor air exposures and cognitive test scores among university students in classrooms with increased ventilation rates for COVID-19 risk management.","authors":"Sandra Dedesko, Joseph Pendleton, Anna S Young, Brent A Coull, John D Spengler, Joseph G Allen","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00770-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00770-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Past work demonstrating an association between indoor air quality and cognitive performance brought attention to the benefits of increasing outdoor air ventilation rates beyond code minimums. These code minimums were scrutinized during the COVID-19 pandemic for insufficient ventilation and filtration specifications. As higher outdoor air ventilation was recommended in response, questions arose about potential benefits of enhanced ventilation beyond infection risk reduction.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This was investigated by examining associations between indoor carbon dioxide concentrations, reflective of ventilation and building occupancy, and cognitive test scores among graduate students attending lectures in university classrooms with infection risk management strategies, namely increased ventilation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Post-class cognitive performance tests (Stroop, assessing inhibitory control and selective attention; Arithmetic, assessing cognitive speed and working memory) were administered through a smartphone application to participating students (54 included in analysis) over the 2022-2023 academic year in classrooms equipped with continuous indoor environmental quality monitors that provided real-time measurements of classroom carbon dioxide concentrations. Temporally and spatially paired exposure and outcome data was used to construct mixed effects statistical models that examined different carbon dioxide exposure metrics and cognitive test scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Model estimates show directionally consistent evidence that higher central and peak classroom carbon dioxide concentrations, indicative of ventilation and occupancy, are associated with lower cognitive test scores over the measured range included in analysis ( ~ 440-1630 ppm). The effect estimates are strongest for 95th percentile class carbon dioxide concentrations, representing peak class carbon dioxide exposures.</p><p><strong>Impact statement: </strong>As the COVID-19 pandemic eased, questions emerged on the benefits of increased outdoor air ventilation beyond infection reduction. This work assesses associations between carbon dioxide concentrations, indicative of ventilation and occupancy, and cognitive test scores among students in university classrooms with increased outdoor air ventilation. Although not causal, models show statistically significant evidence of associations between lower carbon dioxide concentrations and higher cognitive test scores over the low range of carbon dioxide exposures in these classrooms. While the underlying mechanisms remain unknown, higher outdoor air ventilation appears to provide additional benefits by reducing indoor air exposure and supporting student performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"661-671"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental public health research at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: A blueprint for exposure science in a connected world.","authors":"Lindsay W Stanek, Wayne E Cascio, Timothy M Barzyk, Michael S Breen, Nicole M DeLuca, Shannon M Griffin, Lisa Jo Melnyk, Jeffrey M Minucci, Kent W Thomas, Nicolle S Tulve, Christopher P Weaver, Elaine A Cohen Hubal","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00720-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00720-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure science plays an essential role in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) mission to protect human health and the environment. The U.S. EPA's Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment (CPHEA) within the Office of Research and Development (ORD) provides the exposure science needed to characterize the multifaceted relationships between people and their surroundings in support of national, regional, local and individual-level actions. Furthermore, exposure science research must position its enterprise to tackle the most pressing public health challenges in an ever-changing environment. These challenges include understanding and confronting complex human disease etiologies, disparities in the social environment, and system-level changes in the physical environment. Solutions will sustainably balance and optimize the health of people, animals, and ecosystems. Our objectives for this paper are to review the role of CPHEA exposure science research in various recent decision-making contexts, to present current challenges facing U.S. EPA and the larger exposure science field, and to provide illustrative case examples where CPHEA exposure science is demonstrating the latest methodologies at the intersection of these two motivations. This blueprint provides a foundation for applying exposomic tools and approaches to holistically understand real-world exposures so optimal environmental public health protective actions can be realized within the broader context of a One Health framework. IMPACT STATEMENT: The U.S. EPA's Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment exposure research priorities reside at the intersection of environmental decision contexts and broad public health challenges. The blueprint provides a foundation for advancing the tools and approaches to holistically understand real-world exposures so optimal environmental protection actions can be realized. A One Health lens can help shape exposure research for maximum impact to support solutions that are transdisciplinary and must engage multiple sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"539-547"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12234364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic biomarkers of long-term lung function decline in textile workers: a 35-year longitudinal study.","authors":"Mengsheng Zhao, Liangmin Wei, Longyao Zhang, Jingqing Hang, Fengying Zhang, Li Su, Hantao Wang, Ruyang Zhang, Feng Chen, David C Christiani, Yongyue Wei","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00721-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00721-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occupational exposures contribute significantly to obstructive lung disease among textile workers. However, biomarkers associated with such declines are not available.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We conducted a large-scale proteomic study to explore protein biomarkers potentially associated with long-term lung function decline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Shanghai Textile Workers Cohort was established in 1981 with 35 years of follow-up, assessing textile workers' lung functions every five years. Quantitative serum proteomics was performed on all 453 workers at 2016 survey. We employed four distinct models to examine the association between forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) and proteins, and consolidated the findings using an aggregated Cauchy association test. Furthermore, proteomic data of UK Biobank (UKB) was used to explore the associations of potential protein markers and decline of FEV₁, and the interactions of these proteins were examined through STRING database. Associations were also externally validated using two-sample Mendelian randomizations (MR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>15 of 907 analyzed proteins displayed potential associations with long-term FEV₁ decline, including two hemoglobin subunits: hemoglobin subunit beta (HBB, FDR-q_ACAT = 0.040), alpha globin chain (HBA2, FDR-q_ACAT = 0.045), and four immunoglobulin subunits: immunoglobulin kappa variable 3-7 (IGKV3-7, FDR-q_ACAT = 0.003), immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IgH, FDR-q_ACAT = 0.011). Five proteins were significantly associated with the rate of decline of FEV₁ in UKB, in which RAB6A, LRRN1, and BSG were also found to be associated with proteins identified in Shanghai Textile Workers Cohort using STRING database. MR indicated bidirectional associations between HBB and FEV₁ (P < 0.05), while different immunoglobulin subunits exhibited varying associations with FEV₁.</p><p><strong>Impact statement: </strong>We performed a large-scale proteomic study of the longest-follow-up pulmonary function cohort of textile workers to date. We discovered multiple novel proteins associated with long-term decline of FEV₁ that have potential for identifying new biomarkers associated with long-term lung function decline among occupational populations, and may identify individuals at risk, as well as potential pharmaceutical targets for early intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"602-610"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12234346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative and mixed methods: informing and enhancing exposure science.","authors":"Denise Moreno Ramírez, Ashby Lavelle Sachs, Christine C Ekenga","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00707-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00707-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Addressing complex environmental health challenges necessitates the integration of multiple research methodologies to fully understand the social, economic, and health impacts of exposure to environmental hazards. Qualitative and mixed methods (QMM) are vital in uncovering the sociocultural dynamics that influence people's interactions with their environment and subsequent health-related outcomes. QMM has the potential to reveal insights that quantitative methods might overlook. However, QMM approaches have been underutilized in exposure science, with less than 1% of the studies published in the Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (JESEE) from 2003 to 2023 employing these methods. JESEE studies that utilized QMM have enhanced exposure assessment, explored risk perceptions, and evaluated the impact of interventions, particularly among historically marginalized populations. QMM approaches have addressed gaps in traditional exposure assessment by allowing researchers to capture nuanced perspectives often missed by quantitative analyses, especially in understanding the lived experiences of affected communities. Exposure scientists are encouraged to adopt QMM to advance more comprehensive and inclusive approaches to studying and mitigating environmental risks. Fostering interdisciplinary collaborations that integrate the social sciences can enhance the development of robust, context-sensitive solutions to environmental health challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"535-538"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of exposure to bisphenol-A or parabens with markers of liver injury/function among US adults in NHANES 2011-2016.","authors":"Rongkun Luo, Mingcong Chen, Shuai Hao, Marady Hun, Shaobin Luo, Feizhou Huang, Zhao Lei, Mingyi Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00704-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00704-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bisphenol-A (BPA) and parabens are common endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) that are used extensively in consumer products worldwide and are widely found in the environment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to comprehensively explore the correlations between urinary BPA/parabens levels and liver injury/function markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, we used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2011 to 2016. The exposure variables were urinary BPA and four urinary parabens [methylparaben (MPB), ethylparaben (EPB), propylparaben (PPB), and butylparaben (BPB)], while the outcome variables were indicators of liver function/injury [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), AST/ ALT, albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), total bilirubin (TBIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4)]. Multiple linear regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression analyses were applied to explore the relationships between the individual/combined exposure variables and the liver injury/function indicators, respectively. Furthermore, stratified analysis was employed to detect the associations influenced by age and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,179 adults were eligible for the present analysis. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed positive associations of EPB with AST, ALT, TP, and FIB-4 scores and negative associations of BPA with TP and ALB. The effects of urinary parabens on adverse outcomes in the liver (AST and ALT) were significant in the female and middle-aged subgroups. In addition, the WQS analysis revealed that the mixture of four compounds was negatively associated with ALB. BPA had the greatest effect on the serum ALB concentration (weight = 0.688).</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our present study provided novel evidence of significant associations between BPA or certain parabens and numerous markers of liver injury/function indicators. We found that higher urinary BPA concentrations were associated with worse liver function. Exposure to high EPB/PPB ratios was significantly associated with biomarkers of liver injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"611-618"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statement in support of exposure science and the scientists that make America healthy.","authors":"Erin N Haynes","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00779-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00779-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"521"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classroom air quality in a randomized crossover trial with portable HEPA air cleaners.","authors":"Shayna C Simona, Scott M Bartell, Verónica M Vieira","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00743-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00743-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children living in communities with lower socioeconomic status and higher minority populations are often disproportionately exposed to particulate matter (PM) compared to children living in other communities.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We assessed whether adding HEPA filter air cleaners to classrooms with existing HVAC systems reduces indoor air pollution exposure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From July 2022 to June 2023, using a block randomized crossover trial of 17 Los Angeles Unified School District elementary schools, classroom PM concentrations were monitored and compared for 99 classrooms with HEPA filter air cleaners and 87 classrooms with non-HEPA filter air cleaners.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In HEPA classrooms, average school-year PM_2.5 was 39.9% lower (0.581 µg/m³; p < 0.001) and infiltration of outdoor PM_2.5 into classrooms was 13.8-82.4% lower than non-HEPA classrooms, depending on the school.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Few studies have examined HEPA filtration in a classroom environment, and this is one of the first studies since the COVID-19 pandemic to assess PM exposure in the classroom. Using a well powered block randomized crossover trial, we showed that adding portable HEPA air cleaners to classrooms that already had HVAC systems with MERV 13 air filters resulted in lower measurable PM concentrations and less infiltration of outdoor PM_2.5 compared to control classrooms with non-HEPA filters. This demonstrates that further improvements in classroom air quality, especially in environmentally burdened communities, can be achieved with additional filtration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"644-648"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12234348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}