Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and Misuse of Antibiotics during Omicron (Covid-19) Pandemic in Pakistan","authors":"Afaq Wazir (RPH)","doi":"10.55529/jpdmhd.34.36.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55529/jpdmhd.34.36.48","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The prevalence of self -medication with antibiotics is quite high in Pakistan as compared to developed countries. Antibiotics are often taken erroneously for certain ailments, without having the appropriate and sufficient knowledge of their use. As a result, this carries potential risks for the individual as well as the community, in form of several side effects such as antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the prevalence of self-medicated antibiotics in COVID-19 Omicron Pakistan needs to be studied and evaluated. Methods: An online based cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered, self-made and validated questionnaire to address this key issue in Pakistan. This questionnaire was delivered country wide and making it sure that it would reach all the provinces including the capital of Pakistan. The questionnaire included general as well as specific questions in such a way that it targeted almost every single person having at least certain knowledge about medicines especially antibiotics. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 390 respondents were included in the final analysis. In this study men made up the majority of respondents, 240 (61.5%), and females made up about 150 (38.5%). Self-medication was quite prevalent in our study population with 125 (32.1%) out of 390 (100%) individuals were using any of the drugs since the start of pandemic. The most commonly utilized medications were cephalosporin, ceftriaxone (32.1%). Followed by macrolides, azithromycin, clarithromycin which was used by 119 (30.5%) participants. And penicillin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (17.4%) and fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin (7.2%) while the percentage of use of other antibiotics is 12.8%. The most common reasons reported for the usage of these medications included fatigue, cough, sore throat and runny nose which was about (48.7%). Conclusion: Our study revealed common self-medication practices among General population. It is a significant health issue especially during the pandemic times, with high consumption reported as a prevention or treating symptoms of Omicron.","PeriodicalId":156613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139356448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Fluid Preloading on the Incidence of Hypotension During Spinal Anesthesia","authors":"Dr. Emad Sabri Najm, Dr. Anwar Ahmed Fadhil, Dr. Raghad Mohamed Shibli Younis","doi":"10.55529/jpdmhd.34.26.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55529/jpdmhd.34.26.35","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Small doses of local anaesthetic are injected into the CSF fluid in the subarachnoid region to produce spinal anaesthesia (SA). \u0000Aim: This paper was contributed to study the effect of fluid preloading on the incidence of hypotension during spinal anaesthesia. \u0000Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 45 patients in different hospitals in Iraq for a study that ranged from the 15th of June in the year 2021 to the 24th of August in the year 2022. This paper dealt with the study of the effect of fluid preload on the incidence of hypotension during spinal anaesthesia, as it included in the clinical characteristics’ tests related to mothers or women who underwent caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia. This study divided the collected data into two groups, one of which was the patient group, which included patients who underwent spinal anaesthesia, which this group is considered as the co-loading group, which included 23 patients out of the total number of patients' data collected, while it was represented by the preload group, which included women who underwent spinal anaesthesia, which included 22 patients out of the total number of patients. This paper was conducting and analysing the collected data by SPSS. \u0000Discussion: The difference was that when their systolic blood pressure fell to 90 mm Hg, they began using a vasopressor heavily. The current finding found the Apgar score of the co-load who patients group (8.91) was found higher that preload who control group (8.95%) within 5 min in compare 1 min. In the present analysis, there was also a statistically significant variation between the co-load (81.4%) and pre-load (45.3%) groups in terms of the incidence of hypotension. The incidence of hypotension was statistically significantly different between the preload (80%) as well as co-load (51%) groups, according to research through (Oh AY et al., 2014). Both trials revealed that the co-load group's blood pressure dramatically decreased. \u0000Conclusion: This study found that (45.3%) were within the preload group as a control group and (81.4%) in the co-load group as patients group had hypotension. Preloading was, therefore, more effective than co-loading in preventing spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension of cesarean section moms. It may not be essential to postpone surgery to provide a preload of liquids.","PeriodicalId":156613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116773020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketoprofen versus Indomethacin in the Treatment of Acute Gouty Arthritis.","authors":"Dr. Ali Tariq Hussein, Dr. Khamis Y. C. Al-Qubaeiss, Dr. Noor Abbas Almahdawy","doi":"10.55529/jpdmhd.34.18.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55529/jpdmhd.34.18.25","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional study of 80 patients was intended to evaluate the efficacy of Ketoprofen versus indomethacin in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis. This study was designed by making a comparison between the types of treatment used, in addition to knowing the type of statistical relationship. Demographic information and data were collected from different hospitals in Iraq during a one-year study period from March 2022 to February 2023. This study was conducted for patients with acute gouty arthritis, an extremely painful condition; NSAIDs are the first-line medication for a gouty arthritis attack. In this study, drug efficacy was assessed using joint tests before the start of the study, after five days, and at the end of treatment. On the background of treatment and, by the fifth day of treatment, there was a statistically significant improvement in all clinical indicators used to assess joint syndrome in patients with gout, and this trend increased at the end of the treatment course. Therefore, the attack of arthritis was stopped on the fifth day, and we conclude from this study that there is a statistical relationship between the use of the treatment and the improvement of patient outcomes through the significant increase in the quality of life for patients.","PeriodicalId":156613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116800799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Analysis of Visfatin Drug in Type 2 Diabetes, Insulin Resistance, and Cardiovascular Disease","authors":"Enrique Valdez Saenz, Azamatov Golibkhon, Yerassyl Ibragim","doi":"10.55529/jpdmhd.34.9.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55529/jpdmhd.34.9.17","url":null,"abstract":"This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the role of the visfatin drug in managing Type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease. The study explores the mechanism of action of visfatin and its potential therapeutic effects on glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and cardiovascular health. This study integrates pertinent research investigations, clinical experiments, and animal models to assess the effectiveness and safety of visfatin as a therapeutic alternative for these interrelated ailments. The results indicate that visfatin exhibits potential in ameliorating glycemic regulation, augmenting insulin sensitivity, and conceivably mitigating the likelihood of cardiovascular complications among patients afflicted with Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance.","PeriodicalId":156613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126093021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipoproteins Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis","authors":"Dr. Yousef Ahmed Shaher, Dr. Farhan Hussain Ali, Dr. Sarah Tareq Abdulazeez","doi":"10.55529/jpdmhd.34.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55529/jpdmhd.34.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Many studies found that people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had higher cardiovascular morbidity and death rates. Accelerated atherosclerosis is the primary cause of cardiovascular mortality. Strong risk factors for atherosclerotic events include increased plasma total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).\u0000The purpose of this study: This is to demonstrate how the serum lipid profile changes in RA patients.\u0000Methods: The lipid profile of 50 RA patients who satisfied the 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was assessed.\u0000Fifty volunteers who appeared to be in good health were used as the control group in this investigation.\u0000Both the patient and control groups' lipid profiles (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, VLDL, and atherogenic index) were calculated.\u0000Results: According to the study's findings, RA patients had a substantial increase in total cholesterol (P0.05), a significant decrease in LDL cholesterol (P0.05), and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (P0.05). As a result, rheumatoid arthritis patients' atherogenic index ratio of TC/HDL-C (P0.0001) was considerably greater compared to control groups.\u0000Conclusion: Compared to the healthy control individual, the lipid profile of RA patients is atherogenic.","PeriodicalId":156613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131449251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical Cancer to See the Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Colposcopy in Iraqi Women","authors":"Dr. Muna Kadhum Farhood Malla, Dr. Massar Raheem Abbas, Dr. Zena Hataf Salih","doi":"10.55529/jpdmhd.33.32.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55529/jpdmhd.33.32.39","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the leading causes of female death in developing nations is cervical cancer, which accounts for one-fourth of all cases globally. \u0000Objective: This paper was focused to assess the outcomes of cervical cancer to see the evaluation of the effectiveness of colposcopy in Iraqi women. \u0000Patients and methods: This paper was represented as a cross-sectional study to assess the outcomes of cervical cancer to see the evaluation of the effectiveness of colposcopy in Iraqi women where to include from 25th August 2021 to 16th July 2022 into, 50 patients for ages between 25-50 years. This paper was analysed and examine of clinical features for cervical cancer by the SPSS program. \u0000Discussion: The specificity of the Swede score was scoring with seven or above was 87% in the current investigation, while the sensitivity for high-grade lesions was 92%. The threshold was lowered to 5, which boosted the sensitivity reached 72.42% and the specificity to 82%. Using a threshold of 5 for the Swedish score, the accuracy of the value of positive prediction is 75.48%. The accuracy considerably increased to 93.28% if the cutoff for the Swede score was set at 7. The results were similar to those that Bowring et al., as well as Strander et al., had previously reported. \u0000Conclusion: This study shows the Swede score was good as screening modalities as performance assessed of patients who have lower abdominal pain and discharge per vaginam as well as dyspareunia, abnormal uterine bleeding which colposcopy conducted into pointing of suspicious cervix with the unhealthy case. In comparison between the Swede score >5 and >7, our study noticed Swede score have a sensitivity of 92%, Specificity of 87%, and Accuracy of 93.28% were more perfect in compare with >5.","PeriodicalId":156613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114525790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orofacial Pain and its Association with Various Disorders","authors":"Sonal GP Pillai, Lynn Johnson, Hiroj Bagde","doi":"10.55529/jpdmhd.33.22.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55529/jpdmhd.33.22.31","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the complex innervation and function of the facial tissues, identifying and treating face pain may be a very difficult and frustrating procedure. Even if they have had a variety of medicines, patients who have experienced prolonged facial discomfort should routinely undergo thorough reevaluation and clinical reexamination. Myofascial pain syndromes, temporomandibular disorders (TMD), neuralgias, ENT illnesses, dental pain, tumors, neurovascular pain, and mental illnesses frequently have symptoms that overlap. Diagnosis is generally more difficult in cases of severe, acute, and referred pain. It is well known that dental pain can travel to other regions of the face and imitate pain from other sources because of the sensitivity of neurons in the central nervous system. The consequences of this include subsequent hyperactivity in the muscles nearby the afflicted location, among other things. Since this is the case, eliminating the primary source of the pain is essential; yet, in the case of chronic pain, this is not always sufficient to reduce the discomfort. An incorrect therapy that is also ineffective might result in persistent or chronic discomfort. It is essential to be aware of the secondary pain processes linked to craniofacial pain in order to make an accurate diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":156613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133791884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Osteoporosis Patient Outcomes for women with Breast Cancer","authors":"Dr. Khamis Y. C. Al-Qubaeissy, Dr. Talib Mohammed Hasan Al-Musaedi, Dr. Muna Sami Jassim","doi":"10.55529/jpdmhd.33.9.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55529/jpdmhd.33.9.21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Osteopenia, along with osteoporosis, all systemic skeletal disorders linked with different levels of bone loss, are common within postmenopausal female breast cancer survivors, despite earlier estimates indicating that up to 80% experience bone density loss. \u0000Objective: This paper aims to investigate the relationship between osteoporosis patient outcomes for women with breast cancer. \u0000Patients and methods: This paper was presented as a cross-sectional study about the evaluation relationship between osteoporosis patient outcomes for women with breast cancer. There were 150 participants in this data were almost participate within ages older than 30 and under than 65 years into Iraqi women in different hospitals in Iraq between 15th July 2021 to 27th August 2022. The analysed data included two groups, which are Group A and Group B; where group A represented patients were got breast cancer and struggle of osteoporosis, while Group B also have breast cancer and survived of osteoporosis. The data collected was analysed and designed by the SPSS program. \u0000Results and Discussion: A number of studies have shown that women about breast cancer suffer from a higher risk of fracture than women without cancer. However, the findings have proved so varied that smaller epidemiological investigations have evaluated the dangers of a condition known as well as osteoporosis in women in breast cancer compared to women without cancer in the exact same group. According to research, the first group has a higher incidence of bone density than the second since the primary reason is a lack of estrogen hormone in the first group, which promotes quicker bone loss. The researchers","PeriodicalId":156613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134632003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience of Emergency Relief Work and Monitoring for Bird Flu in a City in Eastern India","authors":"Lahiri S, Bhattacharyya S, T. S","doi":"10.55529/jpdmhd33.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55529/jpdmhd33.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Bird flu or avian influenza is a zoonotic disease that can be transmitted from migratory and wild birds to poultry birds and rarely also poultry birds to man. The disease is only rarely contagious to man from birds but can lead to very high mortality in humans. Hence there is need of constant control and monitoring activities by district, state and central authorities with active participation of the animal husbandry section. The central team deputed in a city in Eastern India actively monitored the control activities. The article emphasizes the actions and observations by such a central team in an Avian Influenza- affected area in a state in Eastern India.","PeriodicalId":156613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121772738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic Candidiasis","authors":"L. Céspedes, Yohorlin Marta Céspedes Fonseca, Sonia Peregrín Rodríguez, Arianna Corchete Perez, R. Perez","doi":"10.55529/jpdmhd.32.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55529/jpdmhd.32.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic candidiasis currently occupies one of the first places in medical mycology and infectious diseases. Whereas Candida albicans had previously been the dominant pathogen, this species now accounts for only half of the isolates detected in many surveys. The distinction between them is made taking into account their biological properties, manifested in the mycological analysis. Infections by Candida sp. have increased dramatically in recent decades. The development of new invasive techniques increases the risk in immunocompromised patients. The objective of this review is to present general aspects of systemic candidiasis.","PeriodicalId":156613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122814386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}