Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders最新文献

{"title":"The effect of probiotic supplementation on anthropometric indices and body composition in unprofessional bodybuilders: a randomized, double-blind,: Placebo-Controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Nastaran Mahmoudi Shirkoohi, Alireza Chegol, Hamed Mohammadi, Sakineh Shab-Bidar, Siroos Choobineh, Kurosh Djafarian","doi":"10.1007/s40200-025-01766-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-025-01766-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Probiotics may help bodybuilders by improving gut health, nutrient absorption, and reducing inflammation, potentially supporting muscle growth and fat loss. While research is promising, more studies are needed. This study explores the effects of probiotic supplementation on body composition and anthropometrics key measurements, aiming to see if they can support muscle building and fat management in unprofessional bodybuilders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research was conducted as a randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled clinical trial with a 12-week follow-up period. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the probiotic supplementations (<i>n</i> = 18), or placebo supplementation (<i>n</i> = 18). At the beginning and 12 weeks of the intervention, anthropometric indices and body composition were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 80 participants (mean age, 29 years and mean weight, 74 kg) were enrolled in this trial. After 12-week intervention, we observed WC, ABSI, BRI, BAI, AVI, and ConI significantly decreased in the probiotic group and BAI significantly decreased placebo group, with no significant differences observed between groups. Moreover, BMI, AVI, and ConI were significantly reduced in probiotic group in compare with the placebo group. No significant results were observed in other anthropometric and body composition indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Probiotic supplementation improved anthropometric indices in unprofessional bodybuilders. However, these results need to be validated in a larger sample size.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20240424061562N1, Registration date 20,240,730, Trial Id 77,722.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-025-01766-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 2","pages":"249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12552195/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145377287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neck circumference is Associated with Hypertriglysceridemia in Adults.","authors":"Ülkügül Yıldırım, Özlem Güç Suvak","doi":"10.1007/s40200-025-01761-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-025-01761-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Anthropometric measurements are considered a applicable and cost-effective indicator in primary healthcare settings for identifying the risk of obesity and related chronic diseases. This study aimed to elucidate the association between hypertriglyceridemia and neck circumference in adults.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The participants diagnosed with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 65) and those without HTG (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 65) were assessed in this prospective case-control study. Measurements included body mass index, neck circumference (NC), waist circumference, hip circumference, and various metabolic laboratory parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The case group exhibited significantly higher anthropometric indices (body mass index, NC, waist circumference, and hip circumference) as well as higher age, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, uric acid, hematocrit, hemoglobin, white blood cell count (WBC), low density lipid cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) compared to the control group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). In the HTGsubgroup, the mean neck circumference was 38.1 ± 4.1 cm, whereas in the control subgroup it was 35.7 ± 3.8 cm, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). NC demonstrated statistically significant positive correlations with waist, hip circumference, and TG (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.593, &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.461, &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.330, and &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.243, respectively; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001 for all). The regression analysis between NC and TG levels yielded a statistically significant model (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), with the equation log(y) = 1.3423 + 0.02146x (R² = 0.150), suggesting that for each unit increase in NC, triglyceride concentration increases by approximately 2.1%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;NC is closely associated with hypertriglyceridaemia in adults, while BMI, waist and hip circumference demonstrated a moderate positive correlation. Furthermore, a positive correlation with LDL-c and a negative correlation with HDL were also observed. What is already known about this topic? Anthropometric indices are simpleand low-cost quantitative measurements well positioned in primary health care, as they facilitate the early diagnosis of cardiometabolic diseases.Neck circumference is a simple, cost-effective and time-saving method to ascertain upper body obesity.Numerous studies have focused on the association between BMI, simple antropometric measurements and hypertension, or metabolic syndrome. However, there is little research investigating the primary effect of high triglycerides. However, few studies have investigated the primary effects of high triglyceride concentrations. 2.What this paper adds: This study demostrated an association between NC and non-HDL cholesterol levels esp. tryglicerid in adults. The study is expected to encourage clinicians using this cost-effective and easily applicable measurement method in clinical practice and to contribute to further research in th","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 2","pages":"248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12552213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145377307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Pre-pandemic diabetes and risk of long COVID: Longitudinal evidence\".","authors":"Ali Madad Haq","doi":"10.1007/s40200-025-01767-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-025-01767-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 2","pages":"245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12549435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145377279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mendelian randomization analysis: investigating the causal association between apoptotic proteins and diabetes.","authors":"Enhui Zhou, Chong Zheng, Ye Lin, Yibing Zhou, Renhua Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40200-025-01771-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-025-01771-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Diabetes, commonly coexisting with hypertension, notably elevates the risk of damage to target organs. Apoptosis, a critical cellular process, maintains physiological balance but its role in the etiology of diabetes remains elusive.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Mendelian randomization analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of apoptotic proteins and diabetes, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was employed. Our analysis included the Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-Egger regression. Sensitivity analyses included MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out analyses, aimed at assessing and confirming the robustness and reliability of the research findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed a suggestive positive correlation between increased Caspase-10 levels and heightened risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02-1.29, <i>P</i> = 0.02). Similarly, higher serum BCL2 protein levels were found to be nominally associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07-1.37, <i>P</i> = 0.003). Conversely, the BCL2L1 protein may exert a suggestive protective effect against T2D (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.86-0.99, <i>P</i> = 0.03). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of these findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study illuminates the genetic causal ties between apoptotic proteins and the susceptibility to essential hypertension and diabetes. These insights are foundational for advancing our comprehension of disease mechanisms, facilitating preventive measures, and opening new horizons for precision medicine targeting these pathways.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-025-01771-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 2","pages":"243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12549466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145377249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and effectiveness of remdesivir in COVID-19 patients with liver dysfunction: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Amirmohammad Sharafi, Fatemeh Alsadat Mirzadeh, Abolfazl Zendehdel, Shnoo Bayazidi","doi":"10.1007/s40200-025-01758-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-025-01758-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of remdesivir in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with liver dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study analyzed medical records of 268 patients hospitalized between 2019 and 2022 with COVID-19 and elevated liver enzymes (AST and ALT). Patients were divided into remdesivir (<i>N</i> = 134) and non-remdesivir (<i>N</i> = 134) groups. Outcomes assessed included in-hospital mortality, 30-day mortality, adverse events, time to clinical improvement, and time to discharge. Statistical analyses included logistic regression with significance at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 268 patients (134 receiving remdesivir and 134 controls) were included. The remdesivir group was older, had lower oxygen saturation, and presented with more severe disease at baseline. Despite these differences, remdesivir use was associated with a significantly faster clinical recovery (adjusted β = - 2.18 days; 95% CI: - 4.206 to - 0.154; <i>p</i> = 0.035). In-hospital mortality was higher in the remdesivir group (10.45% vs. 7.46%), but this difference was not statistically significant after adjustment (OR 0.12; 95% CI: 0.001-8.390; <i>p</i> = 0.109). Remdesivir nearly doubled the risk of serious adverse events (OR 1.90; 95% CI: 0.988-3.656), although this did not reach statistical significance (<i>p</i> = 0.054). Independent predictors of death or major adverse events included ICU admission, elevated ALP, and concomitant use of certain medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Remdesivir appears safe in COVID-19 patients with liver dysfunction and significantly shortens time to clinical improvement without increasing mortality or serious adverse events.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-025-01758-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 2","pages":"244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12549494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145372297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term trends in diabetes mellitus and sepsis-related mortality in the united states: a population-based retrospective analysis (1999-2024).","authors":"Sandesh Raja, Ruba Sami Hamoud Alghamdi, Rahaf Saeed M Al Sulayyi, Fahad Mohsen Alotaibi, Abdulelah Dakhilallah Almutairi, Hazim Saad Saud Alsaedi, Abdulsalam Mansour Abdullah Alamri, Muflih Abdullah Albalawi, Yazeed Muteb Khalaf Alkhudhayri, Sami Mohammed Alhuways, Abdul Majeed Assiri, Mansuor A Alanazi","doi":"10.1007/s40200-025-01773-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-025-01773-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that increases susceptibility to severe infections, including sepsis, a leading global cause of mortality. Individuals with DM face heightened sepsis risk due to immune dysfunction, metabolic disturbances, and hyperglycemia. Understanding long-term trends in sepsis-related mortality among patients with DM is essential to guide targeted prevention and management strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a population-based study using CDC WONDER mortality data from 1999 to 2024. Sepsis-related deaths in patients with DM were identified via ICD-10 codes (E10-E14; A02.1, A22.7, A26.7, A32.7, A40.0-A41.9, A42.7, B37.7). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population were calculated and stratified by demographic, geographic, and urbanization characteristics. Temporal trends were analyzed using Joinpoint regression to estimate annual percent change (APC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1999 and 2024, 511,490 sepsis-related deaths occurred in patients with DM, most frequently in individuals aged 65 and older and in medical facilities. AAMRs declined significantly from 1999 to 2018, rose sharply from 2018 to 2021, and declined again from 2021 to 2024. Mortality was higher among men, non-Hispanic (NH) American Indian/Alaska Native and NH Black populations, residents of the South, and nonmetropolitan areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sepsis remains a major cause of death among patients with DM in the U.S., with persistent disparities by sex, race, region, and urbanization. The pandemic-era surge in mortality underscores the vulnerability of this population to infectious threats. Targeted prevention, timely sepsis recognition, and evidence-based management, coupled with addressing social determinants of health, are essential to reduce this burden.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-025-01773-8.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 2","pages":"246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12549456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145372367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of air pollution on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A global ecological analysis of incidence and mortality trends by human development index (1990-2019).","authors":"Amirhossein Ghaseminejad-Raeini, Mehdi Yaseri, Masoud Younesian, Alireza Azarboo, Amirhossein Shirinezhad, Erfan Naghavi, Maryam Tajvar","doi":"10.1007/s40200-025-01751-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-025-01751-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the growing interest in the relationship between air pollution exposure and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), no ecological study has investigated this association. This study aims to bridge this gap by examining the relationship between air pollution exposure and NAFLD burden, with a focus on the role of the Human Development Index (HDI) of countries from 1990 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We gathered data on NAFLD incidence and mortality from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019, as well as air pollution exposure data obtained from the World Bank database. A mixed-effects regression model was employed to examine the associations, adjusting for potential confounders. A total of 189 countries were included in the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The global incidence rate of NAFLD was 559.95 per 100,000 people, with a mortality rate of 1.93 per 100,000. Countries with greater exposure to NO2, ozone, and PM2.5 had significantly higher NAFLD incidence (Regression Estimate per 1 SD increase (RESD) in NO2[SE] = 8.82[1.15], P-value < 0.001; RESD ozone[SE] = 17.97[1.37], P-value < 0.001; RESD PM2.5[SE] = 35.09[2.57], P-value < 0.001) and lower death rates (RESD NO2[SE] =-0.14[0.01], P-value < 0.001; RESD ozone[SE] =-0.22[0.02], P-value < 0.001; RESD PM2.5[SE] =-0.20[0.03], P-value < 0.001), particularly in countries with higher HDI. However, low-HDI countries exhibited no significant relationship between air pollution and NAFLD incidence while showing a significant positive correlation between pollutant exposure and NAFLD mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While air pollution is linked to higher NAFLD incidence globally, its relationship with mortality varies, particularly in low-HDI countries. These results suggest a need for region-specific approaches, considering the ecological context.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-025-01751-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 2","pages":"242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12549444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145377379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bibliometric and visual analysis of global gestational diabetes mellitus over the past 24 years.","authors":"Ying Sun, Li-Meng Zhu, Chen-Xi Wei, Yi-Jia Ren","doi":"10.1007/s40200-025-01752-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-025-01752-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnancy is associated with a metabolic burden on women, along with weight gain and insulin resistance. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common complication of pregnancy and can be defined as a state of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. This study presents a bibliometric and visual analysis of GDM research over the past 24 years.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To present a bibliometric and visual analysis of GDM research over the past 24 years and provide new insights for the future development and research direction of GDM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrieved and collected the research literature about GDM in the past 24 years from Web of Science, and analyzed and visualized the research literature from multiple aspects using CiteSpace and VOS viewer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An analysis of 27660 articles in the field of GDM revealed a significant upward trend in the number of publications over the past 24 years, with authors primarily from the USA and China. Peter Damm and Boyd E Metzger were identified as the most prolific and highly cited authors, respectively. The journal with the highest number of publications was The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. In addition, keyword co-occurrence analysis indicated that research on GDM mainly focused on risk factors of the disease, clinical diagnosis, and management. The keyword burst analysis of cited references indicated that gut microbiome association with GDM is a hot topic in recent years and requires further long-term planning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For the first time, this study conducted a multi-index bibliometric analysis of articles in the field of global GDM in the past 24 years. The USA and China are in a leading position in this field. The development of GDM research has transitioned from basic risk factors and clinical classification management to more complex intervention and mechanism studies. The association research between gut microbiome and GDM may be a hot topic in the future. This study is the first to analyze the global field of GDM from multiple indicators by bibliometrics, thus providing new insights into the research hotspots and development trends in the field of GDM.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-025-01752-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 2","pages":"247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12549507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145377739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the burden and associated risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus among middle-aged and aging population in Yangon, Myanmar: a cross-sectional analytical study.","authors":"Kyaw Min Htike, Wor Mi Thi, Roshan Kumar Mahato","doi":"10.1007/s40200-025-01768-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-025-01768-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health concern. In Myanmar, its prevalence among the elderly rose sharply from 14.6% to 31.9% between 2004 and 2014 with Yangon especially impacted due to urbanization and healthcare gaps. This study aimed to identify factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among middle-aged and elderly in Yangon, Myanmar.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 512 adults aged ≥ 40 years in Yangon using multistage random sampling. Multiple logistic regression was applied to determine associated factors with significance set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of T2DM was 14.26% (95% CI: 11.48-17.57) with 10.42% (95% CI: 7.64-14.07) among middle-aged adults and 22.93% (95% CI: 17.01-30.17) among elderly. In middle-aged adults, T2DM was significantly associated with the presence of chronic illness (AOR = 6.25, 95% CI: 2.87-13.61), a family history of diabetes (AOR = 5.44, 95% CI: 2.52-11.76) and a positive attitude toward diabetes (AOR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.26-7.73). Among the elderly, independent risk factors for T2DM included affiliation with non-Burmese ethnic minority groups (AOR = 5.20, 95% CI: 1.21-6.09), physical inactivity (AOR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.13-7.81), increased waist circumference (AOR = 8.38, 95% CI: 2.30-30.54) and the presence of chronic illness (AOR = 14.27, 95% CI: 4.26-47.78).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Approximately one in four elderly individuals were found to have prevalent T2DM. To ensure effective prevention and control, targeted interventions are essential particularly those addressing chronic illnesses, obesity, physical inactivity and a family history of diabetes.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-025-01768-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 2","pages":"241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12540216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145354991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overweight and obesity in adults with type 1 diabetes: associations with glycemic control and cardiometabolic risk.","authors":"Joana Lagoa, Ana Rita Leite, Patrícia Ferreira, Inês Meira, João Menino, Ana Margarida Lopes, Mariana Lourenço, Beatriz Viveiros, Maria João Barbosa, Sílvia Santos Monteiro, Celestino Neves, Joana Queirós, João Sérgio Neves","doi":"10.1007/s40200-025-01718-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-025-01718-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>An often-overlooked issue in type 1 diabetes' (T1D) management is the growing prevalence of overweight and obesity, as well as the control of accompanying cardiometabolic risk factors. This cross-sectional study investigates associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with glycemic control and other cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with T1D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients followed in the Insulin Pump Clinic at a tertiary hospital were selected. Data from clinical records and continuous glucose monitoring-derived parameters were retrospectively documented, from 2022 to 2024. Associations of BMI and WC categories with cardiometabolic risk factors were assessed using linear regression models. Restricted cubic splines analyses were performed to assess for nonlinear associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 388 patients included, 32.3% were overweight and 13.7% had obesity. A U-shaped relationship was observed between BMI and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), with lower and higher BMI associated with increased HbA1c (<i>p</i> for non-linearity = 0.005). A higher time in range was found in the increased WC group (53.1 ± 18.4% vs. 59.8 ± 14.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.036). Patients with obesity had higher systolic (<i>p</i> = 0.013) and diastolic blood pressure (BP) (<i>p</i> = 0.001), non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (<i>p</i> = 0.022) and triglycerides (<i>p</i> = 0.001) values, when compared to lower BMI categories. Patients with increased WC also presented higher systolic (<i>p</i> = 0.038) and diastolic BP (<i>p</i> = 0.015), non-HDL (<i>p</i> = 0.010) and triglycerides (<i>p</i> < 0.001) values, compared to those with normal WC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In adults with T1D, BMI and WC showed stronger associations with BP and lipid profile than glycemic control, underscoring the importance of comprehensive cardiovascular risk assessment and targeted therapeutic strategies in this population.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-025-01718-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 2","pages":"240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12535575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145337152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}