Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Sudoscan^® reclassifies cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus according to the ESC 2023.","authors":"Cesar Alejandro Figueroa-Perez, Maria Elena Romero-Ibarguengoitia, Arnulfo Garza-Silva, Iván Francisco Fernández-Chau, Andrea Belinda Cepeda-Medina, Sofía Garza-González, Dalia Gutierrez-González, Arnulfo González-Cantú","doi":"10.1007/s40200-024-01548-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-024-01548-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study is to determine if the detection of DAN through Sudoscan^® can reclassify cardiovascular risk in patients with T2DM according to the European Society of Cardiology guidelines 2023 (ESC 2023) compared to other risk scales.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 161 patients with T2DM who had undergone Sudoscan^® in a Northern Mexico Hospital between December 2022 and July 2023. We compared the cardiovascular risk with SCORE-2, SMART, ADVANCE, ASCVD plus, and Globo Risk scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Estimated cardiovascular risk according to the ESC 2023 without consideration of DAN was low for 91 (57%), moderate for 53 (33%), high for 11 (7%) and very high for 22 (3%) of patients. While inclusion of DAN resulted in low risk in 81 (51%), moderate in 46 (28%9, high in 9(5%) and very high risk for 25 ((16%), <i>p</i> = 0.004). The majority of patients were classified as low or moderate risk using other scales such as ASCVD plus, SCORE-2, Globo Risk, ADVANCE, and SMART.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sudoscan^® enhances cardiovascular risk assessment in T2DM by accurately diagnosing microvascular complications, ensuring comprehensive patient evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of diet quality scores with risk of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in Iranian population: a nested case-control study.","authors":"Ehsaneh Taheri, Yusuf Yilmaz, Fereshteh Ghorat, Alireza Moslem, Mohammad Reza Zali","doi":"10.1007/s40200-024-01544-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-024-01544-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>A healthy diet has been recommended for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aim to investigate the associations of diet quality indices with the risk of developingmetabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted this nested case-control study by recruiting 968 cases with MAFLD and 964 controls from the participants of the baseline phase of the Sabzevar Persian Cohort Study (SPCS). MAFLD was defined as having a fatty liver index ≥ 60 plus at least one of the following: overweight or obese, Type II diabetes mellitus, or evidence of metabolic dysregulation. Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) were calculated from a validated food frequency questionnaire. We estimated the associations of HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010 with MAFLD risk using multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among those in the highest relative to the lowest quintile of HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) were 0.45 (95% CI [confidence interval] 0.29-0.69; <i>P</i> _trend = 0.002) and 0.55 (95% CI 0.35-0.85; <i>P</i> _trend = 0.04), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of our study suggest that there is a significant associationbetween adherence to a healthy diet, indicated by a higher score of HEI or AHEI, and a reduced likelihood of developingMAFLD.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01544-x.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular outcomes of SGLT-2 inhibitors' subtypes in type 2 diabetes; an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Pouya Ebrahimi, Hamidreza Soleimani, Mehrdad Mahalleh, Pegah Farisi, Maryam Taheri, Pedram Ramezani, Parnian Soltani, Roozbeh Nazari, Nahid Senobari, Seyedeh Maryam Mousavinezhad, Moloud Payab, Mehrdad Gooshvar, Amin Zaki Zadeh, Kaveh Hosseini, Mahbube Ebrahimpur","doi":"10.1007/s40200-024-01545-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-024-01545-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The effects of Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors on cardiac outcomes, cardiovascular mortality (CVM), and all-cause mortality (ACM) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have been reported heterogeneously in different studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scholar databases were searched with relevant MeSH terms from January 1, 2010, to November 14, 2023. The study used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The primary outcomes in all trials included the risk of ACM, CVM, hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), myocardial infarction (MI), and cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) in T2DM patients who were treated with one of the SGLT-2 inhibitors. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using Cochran's Q and I² tests. The Egger's test was used to check for publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen studies, including 70,830 participants, were included. A pooled estimate showed that SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment was significantly associated with reduced ACM (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75-0.90, p-value: 0.001, I²: 35.1%), CVM (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.80-0.96, p-value: 0.001, I²: 0%), MI (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79-0.98, p-value: 0.001, I²: 0%), and HHF (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.58-0.77, p-value: 0.001). SGL-2 inhibitor treatment had no significant relationship with CVA (stroke) (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.8-1.10, p-value: 0.896). Subgroup analysis showed that the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment on outcomes varied based on the type of SGLT-2 inhibitor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment significantly reduced CVM, ACM, MI, and HHF. Empagliflozin, Canagliflozin, and Dapagliflozin significantly reduced ACM. Canagliflozin was significantly associated with a reduction in CVM. All SGLT-2 inhibitor treatments were associated with a reduction in HHF.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus medical therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Dua Gul, Aimen Waqar Khan, Muhammad Abdurrahman Butt, Mahammed Khan Suheb, Sahil Sartaj, Sohanjeet Chabria, Rimsha Bint-E-Hina, Maryam Shaukat, Zeeshan Ali, Shirirang Kishor Bhurchandi, Abdul Ahad Syed, Mahima Khatri, Satesh Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s40200-024-01526-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-024-01526-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The growing incidence of obesity has led to a proportionate rise in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications. We aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of Roux-en-y Gastric Bypass surgery (RYGB) and conventional medical management in T2DM obese patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrial.gov were searched from inception to September 2023. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis. The primary outcomes were the T2DM remission at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years and the accomplishment of the ADA composite triple treatment goal. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tool 2.0 and New-Castle Ottawa scale were used to assess the quality of the studies. This meta-analysis was registered prospectively on PROSPERO CRD42023466324.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 3,323 studies yielded from our initial search, 22 were included in this evidence analysis, with 5,176 total patients (1,984 and 3,192 patients in RYGB and conventional medical management groups). A significant increase in the accomplishment in the ADA's composite triple treatment goal was observed in RYGB group as compared to the conventional medical management group (RR 2.41, 95% CI 1.39-4.15, p-value 0.002, I² 35%). Diabetes remission was a clinically successful outcome after 1, 2, 3, and 5 years of the RYGB surgery in the patients (1 year; RR 4.74, 95%CI 2.46-9.12, p-value < 0.00001, I² 0%, 2 years; RR 8.95, 95% CI 1.71-46.71, p-value 0.009, I² 92%3 years; RR 18.18 95%CI 7.57-43.62, p-value < 0.00001, I² 0%, 5 years; RR 0.22, 95% CI 2.31-16.75, p-value 0.0003, I² = 71%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pooled analysis of the given data concluded that the RYGB surgery was more effective in treating T2DM in patients than conventional medical management.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01526-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11723861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic wounds and short-chain fatty acids.","authors":"Zahra Rezaeiasl, Mahmoud Salami Zavareh","doi":"10.1007/s40200-025-01560-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-025-01560-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus is a debilitating and worrisome chronic disease with many complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney damage, blindness and diabetic wounds. Despite advances in the treatment of diabetic wounds, there are still concerns regarding the management of diabetic wound healing, particularly the inflammatory phase. In addition to many treatments with successful effects on wound healing in diabetic patients, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) acetate, propionate, butyrate, valproate and valerate and their by-products have recently been proposed as new treatments for wound healing in diabetic patients. We provide an overview of the most recent studies on the effectiveness of the above-mentioned SCFAs in the treatment of diabetic wounds as well as possible effects on cytokines in this area of ​​study.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11723878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing novel complete blood count-derived inflammatory indices in the diabetic kidney diseases diagnostic models.","authors":"Ali Hassanzadeh, Mehdi Allahdadi, Sepehr Nayebirad, Nazli Namazi, Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani","doi":"10.1007/s40200-024-01523-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-024-01523-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Hemogram inflammatory markers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), red-cell distribution width (RDW), and mean platelet volume (MPV) have been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications, namely diabetic kidney diseases (DKD). We aimed to develop and validate logistic regression (LR) and CatBoost diagnostic models and study the role of adding these markers to the models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All individuals who were managed in our secondary care center from March 2020 to December 2023 were identified. After excluding the ineligible patients, train-test splitting, and data preprocessing, two baseline LR and CatBoost-based models were developed using demographic, clinical, and laboratory features. The AUC-ROC of the models with biomarkers (NLR, PLR, RDW, and MPV) was compared to the baseline models. We calculated net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination index (IDI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One thousand and eleven T2DM patients were eligible. The AUC-ROC of both LR (0.738) and CatBoost (0.715) models was comparable. Adding target inflammatory markers did not significantly change the AUC-ROC in both LR and CatBoost models. Adding RDW to the baseline LR model reclassified 41.7% of patients without DKD, in the cost of misclassification of 38.4% of DKD cases. This change was absent in CatBoost models, and other markers did not achieve improved NRI or IDI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The basic models with demographical and clinical features had acceptable performance. Adding RDW to the basic LR model improved the reclassification of the non-DKD participants. However, adding other hematological indices did not significantly improve the LR and CatBoost models' performance.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01523-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11723874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to choline unavailability and NAFLD development.","authors":"Mohammad Moradzad, Dana Ghaderi, Mohammad Abdi, Farshad Sheikh Esmaili, Khaled Rahmani, Zakaria Vahabzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s40200-024-01511-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-024-01511-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Non-alcoholic fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) poses a growing global health concern, yet its complex aetiology remains incompletely understood. Emerging evidence implicates the gut microbiome and choline metabolism in NAFLD pathogenesis. This study aims to elucidate the association of choline-consuming bacteria in gut microbiome with choline level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population comprising 85 NAFLD patients and 30 healthy controls was selected. DNA extraction from stool samples was conducted using the FavorPrep™ Stool DNA Isolation Mini Kit, followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of choline-consuming bacterial strains and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for Cut C gene expression. Choline content measurement was performed using fluorescence high-performance liquid chromatography (FL-HPLC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed a significant reduction in choline levels among NAFLD patients compared to healthy controls. ROC curve analysis demonstrated choline levels and Cut C expression as a promising diagnostic tool for NAFLD, with high sensitivity and specificity. The microbial analysis identified specific choline-consuming bacteria enriched in NAFLD patients, notably Anarococcus Hydrogenalis and Clostridium asparagiforme. This was consistent with higher Cut C gene expression in patients compared to healthy individuals, which is responsible for encoding an enzyme to consume choline by these bacteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study gives a possible association between gut microbiota and the development of NAFLD, possibly due to an alteration in choline bioavailability. Further research is required to determine whether gut bacteria alter in the context of NAFLD or a change in their composition might lead to NAFLD progression, possibly via alternation in choline bioavailability.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01511-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health indicators in the management of diabetes in Primary health care: Iran-package of Essential Non-communicable diseases (IraPEN) program.","authors":"Leila Molaeipour, Fatemeh Koohi, Afshin Ostovar, Koorosh Etemad, Alireza Mahdavi Hezaveh, Elham Yousefi, Ramin Heshmat, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh, Davood Khalili","doi":"10.1007/s40200-024-01550-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-024-01550-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the effectiveness of the IraPEN program, an adapted version of the WHO Package of Essential Non-communicable Disease (PEN) intervention, in managing diabetes from September 2020 to September 2021 using the Input-Process-Output-Outcome framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this Cross-sectional/Ecological study, aggregated data was collected from IraPEN facilities by medical universities using the electronic health system. The data was presented as numbers and proportions, for urban and rural healthcare facilities separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study surveyed 610 NCD facilities from184 comprehensive health centers under the supervision of 56 medical universities, which provided services to 1,785,226 individuals aged > = 30 years. In terms of input/process, 78% of NCD facilities had functional point-of-care testing, and 14% of health centers with drugstore experienced a stock-out of core medications during the past three months. In urban facilities, 66% had at least a trained nutritionist, and 82% trained psychologist. Regarding output/outcome, 26% of expected diabetes and 23% of expected pre-diabetes, as estimated by the STEPS 2016 survey, were enrolled in NCD facilities, with higher rates in rural than urban areas. Among the referred patients, 38.7% took statins, 53% visited a physician in the last three months, 57.2% were referred for dietary assessment, and 72.5% were referred to secondary care. Around 39% of diabetic patients with at least one HbA1c laboratory test had good glycemic control.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The IraPEN program has managed only a quarter of diabetic patients, and less than half of them are in good glycemic control. Urgent improvements, mainly in coverage and effectiveness, are necessary.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01550-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of macro-vascular complications among type 2 diabetic adults aged 50 and over: results from Ardakan cohort study on aging (ACSA).","authors":"Mariye Jenabi Ghods, Alireza Amirabadizadeh, Ahmad Delbari, Mahshad Naserpour, Mohammad Saatchi","doi":"10.1007/s40200-024-01556-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-024-01556-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common condition that can lead to adverse macrovascular complications. This study aims to determine the prevalence of macrovascular complications in adults aged ≥ 50 with T2DM in Ardakan city, using data from the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional investigation involved 5933 participants from the ACSA; of those assessed, 2340 had T2DM. Macrovascular complications, specifically coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and peripheral artery disease(PAD) were identified through medical records and physician assessment. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for these complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of CAD and CVD were 16.9% (95% CI:16.0-19.0) and 4% (95% CI:3.3-5.0), respectively. risk factors for CAD included age over 60 (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.08-2.01, <i>p</i> = 0.01), male gender (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.33-2.62, <i>p</i> < 0.001), former smoking (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.30-2.95, <i>p</i> = 0.001), hypertension (OR = 3.16, 95% CI: 2.23-4.46, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and over ten years of diabetes duration(OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.39-2.99, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and For CVD, significant risk factors included male gender (OR = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.52-4.51, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and hypertension (OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.27-4.39, <i>p</i> = 0.006).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the high prevalence of macrovascular complications in adults over 50 with T2DM in Ardakan. It emphasizes the importance of managing key risk factors such as hypertension and quitting smoking, especially in older adults and males.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the role of miR-186 in SIRT1 regulation in adipocytes: implications for adipogenesis and inflammation in obesity.","authors":"Mahdieh Tamkini, Mitra Nourbakhsh, Monireh Movahedi, Abolfazl Golestani","doi":"10.1007/s40200-024-01525-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40200-024-01525-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the onset and progress of obesity. The inflammation of adipose tissue is deemed causative of the complications associated with obesity. This study delved into the potential mechanisms of miRNA-mediated SIRT1 regulation and inflammatory factors modulation in 3T3-L1 cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>3T3-L1 cells were differentiated into mature and hypertrophied adipocytes and the expression of selected miRNAs was evaluated by real-time PCR. 3T3-L1 cells were transfected with the mimic and inhibitor sequences of miR-186, together with the appropriate controls. Western blot analysis assessed the expression level of SIRT1 protein, and the interaction between miR-186 and SIRT1 was scrutinized through a luciferase reporter gene assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all the mature and hypertrophied cells, the evaluated miRNAs exhibited a significant increase in expression, highlighting their involvement in fat accumulation at a cellular scale. Notably, miR-186-5p displayed the highest expression in differentiated cells and the hypertrophy model. Induction of miR-186 led to attenuation of SIRT1, while its inhibition by miR-186 inhibitor resulted in upregulation of SIRT1 expression. miR-186 caused a remarkable elevation in the expression of inflammatory genes, including IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MCP-1, indicating a noticeable pattern of relationship between miR-186-induced SIRT-1 inhibition and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>miR-186 emerges as a pivotal factor in amplifying inflammatory cytokines and down-regulates SIRT1, an effect that might highlight the involvement of SIRT1 in the inflammatory responses of adipocytes, as well as underscoring the crucial role of miR-186 in this process. These findings present miR-186 as a promising target for addressing health challenges related to obesity.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01525-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}